EP4393053A1 - Entraînement électrique - Google Patents

Entraînement électrique

Info

Publication number
EP4393053A1
EP4393053A1 EP22754838.5A EP22754838A EP4393053A1 EP 4393053 A1 EP4393053 A1 EP 4393053A1 EP 22754838 A EP22754838 A EP 22754838A EP 4393053 A1 EP4393053 A1 EP 4393053A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cores
line
magnetic
pole shoes
drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22754838.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karl KUMPITSCH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Almak Vertrieb GmbH
Original Assignee
Almak Vertrieb GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Almak Vertrieb GmbH filed Critical Almak Vertrieb GmbH
Publication of EP4393053A1 publication Critical patent/EP4393053A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H02K21/18—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having horse-shoe armature cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/141—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of C-shaped cores
    • H02K1/143—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of C-shaped cores of the horse-shoe type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
    • H02K1/246—Variable reluctance rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/38—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with rotating flux distributors, and armatures and magnets both stationary
    • H02K21/44—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with rotating flux distributors, and armatures and magnets both stationary with armature windings wound upon the magnets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric drive according to the preamble of patent claim 1 .
  • the change in the magnetic field strength thus takes place predominantly in the soft-magnetic core and not in the hard-magnetic permanent-magnetic intermediate parts, as a result of which the magnetic losses are kept low. Furthermore, the heating occurs mainly in the cores and not in the permanent magnetic intermediate parts.
  • the cores 4 can be arranged in a row, in particular, with the permanent-magnetic intermediate parts 9 being arranged between two cores 4 .
  • the cores 4 are designed in such a way that they have two legs 5.7, which each have their own pole shoe 6.8 at their ends.
  • the cores 4 can therefore alternatively also be referred to as twin cores.
  • the first leg 5 has a first coil arrangement 10 and the second leg 7 has a second coil arrangement 11 .
  • the coil assemblies 10, 11 can in particular be wound around the respective leg 5.7.
  • the coil assemblies 10,11 can also be arranged within the respective legs 5,7.
  • the task of the coil assemblies 10, 11 is to strengthen or weaken the magnetic flux in the respective legs 5.7, and thus also in the respective pole shoes 6.8.
  • the cores 4 are preferably made of a soft-magnetic material with high flux conductivity, ie a material with a low coercive field strength and high permeability. These can be bundles of insulated electrical steel or of soft magnetic powder composite material, so-called SMC.
  • the soft-magnetic material can guide the magnetic flux impressed by the permanent-magnetic intermediate parts 9 and the coil arrangements 10,11 three-dimensionally and with little loss into the ends of the legs 5,6 designed as pole shoes 6,8. It is also easy to manufacture them in series and thus to realize precise, complicated, three-dimensional shapes with additional functions such as positioning and connecting bars, ducts and cooling channels.
  • the pole shoes 6.8, hence the pole shoe-shaped ends of the legs 5.7, can also be referred to as stator poles.
  • the base area 12 ensures that the magnetic fields are transferred from one of the legs 5.7 to the other leg 5.7.
  • This arrangement has the advantages of simpler construction.
  • two possible arrangements of the base area 12 are indicated simultaneously by way of example.
  • an arrangement of the base area 12 is drawn in as a hatched area between the intermediate parts 9 .
  • the possibility of arranging the base area 12 outside of the connection between the intermediate parts 9 is also shown.
  • the crossed circuit means that the first coil arrangement 10 carries the current in an opposite sense of rotation compared to the second coil arrangement 11 is passed through. With the same number of turns, two magnetic fluxes of exactly the same size but opposite ones can easily be generated in the legs 5.7. This arrangement results in the same electrical resistance in both streams.
  • the second drive part 3 has a first region 13 that interacts with the first pole shoes 6 and a first region 13 with the second pole shoes 8 interacting with the second region 14, the first region 13 and the second region 14 each having a structure with periodically changing magnetic properties, and that the structure of the first region 13 is offset, in particular offset by half a period length, to the structure of the second region 14 is arranged.
  • the first area can be referred to as the first rotor ring and the second area 14 as the second rotor ring.
  • the second drive part 3 can also be referred to as a twin rotor.
  • the electric drive 1 can be designed in particular as a stepping motor.
  • first region 13 and the second region 14 each at least partially have a structure with permanent magnets 15 of alternating polarity.
  • the first area 13 and the second area 14 can therefore each have a structure with an alternating north pole and south pole.
  • a pair of a north pole and a south pole can form one period of construction of the first region 13 or the second region 14 .
  • these poles can also be used as rotor poles be designated. Due to the staggered arrangement, a chessboard-like arrangement of magnetic poles can therefore be arranged, as can be seen by way of example in FIGS. 3 and 6 . In Figs.
  • the poles in the first area 13 are identified with capital letters, hence N and S, and the poles in the second area are identified with lower case letters, therefore n and s, for better distinguishability.
  • N and S capital letters
  • n and s lower case letters
  • the permanent magnets 15 of opposite polarity of the two areas 13, 14 interact with the two pole shoes 6, 8 of the same polarity, then if the coil arrangements 10, 11 are not energized, the repulsive effect on one permanent magnet 15 becomes the attractive effect on the other permanent magnet 15 be the same size. Only when the coil arrangements 10, 11 are energized will the attractive effect on one or the other permanent magnet 15 predominate, depending on the direction of the energization.
  • a gap is arranged between the first drive part 2 and the second drive part 3 .
  • the gap can be an air, gas, vacuum or liquid gap if, for example, the electric drive 1 configured with a can is used as a wet rotor.
  • the structure with changing reluctance means that the reluctance acting on the magnetic field of the pole shoes 6, 8 changes when the second drive part 3 moves, so a position with high reluctance alternates with a position with low reluctance.
  • the electric drive can therefore be used as a reluctance motor.
  • first area 13 and the second area 14 are magnetically essentially isolated from one another, which means that there is a high reluctance between the first area 13 and the second area 14 . This can be done in particular by a gap between the first area 13 and the second area 14 .
  • the structure of the first area 13 and the second area 14 combines permanent magnets 15 and an alternating reluctance.
  • the first area 13 and the second area 14 each have a structure with a soft-magnetic ferromagnet with alternating elevations 16 and depressions 17 .
  • the gap between the two drive parts 2, 3 is smaller than the depressions 17, as a result of which the reluctance in the elevations 16 is also smaller than in the depressions 17.
  • a second drive part 3 with alternating reluctance can thereby be provided in a simple manner become.
  • the first area 13 and the second area 14 can in particular each be designed in the form of a gear wheel, the structure of the two areas 13, 14 being offset from one another by half a tooth spacing, in particular rotated.
  • a structure is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 by way of example.
  • the shape of the elevations 16 and depressions 17 of the first area 13 is shown in FIG. 2 as a solid line, and the shape of the elevations 16 and depressions 17 of the first area 13 is shown as a dashed line.
  • the reluctance in the first area 13 is lower at some points and the reluctance in the second area 14 is lower at another point.
  • the differently acting reluctance is also indicated by arrows between the pole shoes 6,8.
  • Alternating reluctance in the second drive part 3 can also be achieved by using soft-magnetic flux-conducting pieces and/or flux-blocking sections, for example gaps.
  • This difference can preferably be small, in particular at most 25%.
  • the number of cores 4 can in particular be smaller, and in the case of an external rotor in particular larger than that Be number of permanent magnets 15 or the alternating reluctances in the first region 13.
  • the cores 4 are preferably U-shaped.
  • the pole shoes 6, 8 preferably form two stator rings, while the two areas 13, 14 of the second drive part 3 form two rotor rings, with the stator rings and the rotor rings each being arranged offset axially with respect to one another.
  • the second drive part 3 can in particular be designed in the form of a roller. A compact form of the electric drive 1 is advantageous here.
  • the magnetic field lines in the second drive part 3 can also be traced back well. Such preferred embodiments are shown in Figs. 1-4.
  • the first line and the second line have different radii around the axis of rotation 18, with the main magnetic flow directions of the two pole shoes 6.8 of each core 4 being aligned radially to the axis of rotation 18 and opposite to one another.
  • the cores 4 are preferably C-shaped.
  • the second drive part 3 can in particular have a shell-shaped body, with a hollow-cylindrical edge being arranged in the space between the two pole shoes 6 , 8 .
  • an outside of the edge can form the first area 13 and the inside of the edge can form the second area 14, with the permanent magnets 15 having an axial direction of magnetization being embedded in the edge.
  • first line and the second line have different radii around the axis of rotation 18 and the main magnetic flow directions of the two pole shoes 6.8 of each core 4 are aligned axially to the axis of rotation.
  • the second drive part 3 can in particular be disk-shaped, with the two areas 13, 14 being designed as rings on the same side. The advantage of this is a particularly flat design with low weight and high torque. Such preferred embodiments are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG.
  • the first drive part 2 comprises a predeterminable number of further ferromagnetic cores 20 .
  • the other cores 20 can be designed the same or at least similar to the ferromagnetic cores 4, ie in particular also have two pole shoes 6.8.
  • the additional cores 20 can in this case further increase the power of the electric drive 1 .
  • the stability of the drive part 3 can advantageously be improved by counteracting forces.
  • another core 20 is shown as an example, which is arranged on an opposite side of the second drive part 3 opposite the core 4 and interacts with a rear side of the permanent magnet 15 .
  • the first drive part 2 which can also be referred to as the flux switching stator of a magnetic flux switching machine, comprises one or more cores 4, in particular U-cores, each core 4 having two legs 5, 7 and a base area 12, the base area 12 also acting as a yoke or Connection plate can be referred to, the connection plate, the legs 5.7 on the first stator ring and the second Stator ring, whereby leg 5 of the first stator ring is operatively connected to the first area 13, preferably a pole sector of the first rotor ring of the second drive part 3 designed as a twin rotor, via the air gap, and leg 7 of the second stator ring to the second area 14 , in particular a first pole sector of the second rotor ring, is operatively connected via the air gap, with the leg 5, 7 being aligned in a normal to the active surface
  • the core 4 is made of SMC (soft magnetic composites) and conducts the magnetic imprinted by the intermediate part 9 Flow three-dimensionally in the designed as pole shoes 6, 8 ends of the legs 5.7, which form the two stator rings in the circumferential direction.
  • the permanent magnets of the intermediate parts 9 are in positive contact with the pole side on the base area 12 and are secured by positioning webs and surrounded by an advantageously non-magnetic stator casing.
  • the stator shell can also be a thin magnetically conductive web that saturates.
  • the cores 4 are arranged in the circumferential direction with alternating permanent magnet flux on the pole shoes 6.8.
  • the permanent magnets of the intermediate parts 9 can be continuous or divided, in one piece or in several pieces.
  • the coil arrangement 10, 11 from the first stator ring and from the second stator ring can, in a simple embodiment, be connected crossed at the same time and acting in opposite directions as a twin coil.
  • the exemplary second drive part 3, designed as a twin rotor is designed according to the reluctance principle with raised soft-magnetic poles in the circumferential direction, which form the first rotor pole ring and the phase-shifted second rotor pole ring.
  • the soft-magnetic pole sectors on the rotor ring are divided in such a way that at least one pair of rotor poles can be aligned with a pair of legs 5,7 in the stator ring, which have a magnetic flux of opposite polarity imposed by the intermediate parts 9, so that a magnetic path is closed via the rotor poles.
  • the coil arrangements 10,11 are now energized by a pair of legs 5,7 of the pair of legs in the stator ring, which are subjected to opposite polarity with permanent magnetic flux, under which the phase-shifted rotor poles on the rotor pole ring are aligned up to now and develop a magnetic flux that the permanent magnetic flux in the leg 5, 7 of the second stator ring stops and the rotor poles remaining underneath on the second rotor pole ring can run out without cogging torque.
  • a feature X or an object Y is distinguished in several embodiments by means of an ordering numeral, for example “first”, “second” or “third”, unless this is otherwise defined by the disclosure of the invention.
  • a feature X or object Y with an ordering numeral in a claim does not mean that an embodiment of the invention covered by this claim must have a further feature X or a further object Y.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un entraînement électrique (1) comprenant une première partie d'entraînement (2) et une seconde partie d'entraînement (3), qui est mobile par rapport à la première partie d'entraînement (2). La première partie d'entraînement (2) comprend un nombre prédéterminé de noyaux ferromagnétiques (4), chaque noyau (4) comprend une première branche (5) avec une première pièce polaire (6) et une seconde branche (7) avec une seconde pièce polaire (8), les premières pièces polaires (6) des noyaux (4) sont disposées le long d'une première ligne et les secondes pièces polaires (8) des noyaux (4) sont disposées le long d'une seconde ligne, s'étendant à distance de la première ligne. Pour magnétiser les noyaux (4), des pièces intermédiaires (9) à aimantation permanente sont disposées entre des noyaux (4) voisins, les pièces polaires (6, 8) d'un même noyau ferromagnétique (4) sont de même polarité magnétique, les pièces polaires (6) voisines sont de polarité magnétique opposée, et pour au moins l'un des noyaux (4), la première branche (5) comporte un premier agencement de bobine (10) et la seconde branche (7) un second agencement de bobine (11).
EP22754838.5A 2021-08-23 2022-07-20 Entraînement électrique Pending EP4393053A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT602152021 2021-08-23
PCT/EP2022/070355 WO2023025480A1 (fr) 2021-08-23 2022-07-20 Entraînement électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4393053A1 true EP4393053A1 (fr) 2024-07-03

Family

ID=82932421

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22754838.5A Pending EP4393053A1 (fr) 2021-08-23 2022-07-20 Entraînement électrique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4393053A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023025480A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS49137009U (fr) * 1973-03-27 1974-11-26
JPS5725151A (en) * 1980-07-22 1982-02-09 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Linear motor
JPH0717265Y2 (ja) * 1985-04-30 1995-04-19 神鋼電機株式会社 永久磁石式誘導子型発電機
CN102244448A (zh) * 2010-05-11 2011-11-16 上海电机学院 低转矩脉动永磁开关磁链电机
CN102290945B (zh) * 2011-08-25 2013-08-28 哈尔滨工业大学 横向磁通多相磁阻电机
CN103762802A (zh) * 2014-01-15 2014-04-30 中国科学院电工研究所 一种同轴双永磁式磁通切换电机
US10020717B2 (en) * 2014-08-13 2018-07-10 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Dual stator, flux switching permanent magnet machine
CN106849567A (zh) * 2016-11-25 2017-06-13 南京航空航天大学 一种高功率密度的磁通切换永磁电机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2023025480A1 (fr) 2023-03-02

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