EP4405982A1 - Emballage pour le transport et/ou l'entreposage d'un ensemble de matieres radioactives, comprenant un amortisseur interne equipe de tubes d'amortissement - Google Patents
Emballage pour le transport et/ou l'entreposage d'un ensemble de matieres radioactives, comprenant un amortisseur interne equipe de tubes d'amortissementInfo
- Publication number
- EP4405982A1 EP4405982A1 EP22789274.2A EP22789274A EP4405982A1 EP 4405982 A1 EP4405982 A1 EP 4405982A1 EP 22789274 A EP22789274 A EP 22789274A EP 4405982 A1 EP4405982 A1 EP 4405982A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tubes
- packaging
- damping
- layer
- radioactive materials
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
- G21F5/06—Details of, or accessories to, the containers
- G21F5/08—Shock-absorbers, e.g. impact buffers for containers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
- G21F5/06—Details of, or accessories to, the containers
- G21F5/12—Closures for containers; Sealing arrangements
Definitions
- TITLE PACKAGING FOR THE TRANSPORT AND/OR STORAGE OF A SET OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS, INCLUDING AN INTERNAL SHOCK ABSORBER EQUIPPED WITH DAMPING TUBES
- the present invention relates to the field of packages of radioactive materials, comprising a packaging as well as an assembly containing radioactive materials housed in a containment enclosure defined by the packaging.
- This set of radioactive materials may, for example, comprise one or more tight cases housing radioactive materials such as waste, or even comprise nuclear fuel assemblies.
- a package for the storage and/or transport of radioactive materials generally comprises, as an outer casing, a packaging having a side body, a bottom and a lid. These parts of the packaging define a cavity, called a containment enclosure, for housing an assembly containing radioactive materials, for example a basket housing nuclear fuel assemblies, or waste cases.
- the safety demonstration of the packaging loaded with the assembly is based in particular on regulatory drop tests. For the case of an axial fall of 9 meters, on the head shock absorber covering the cover of the cask, the total mass of the set of radioactive materials presses on this same cover during the impact on the ground. During this so-called “axial drop” drop, very high forces are generated after a delay in the packaging cover closure system, under the effect of all the radioactive materials housed in the containment enclosure. In particular, the fixing screws are highly stressed, and, under certain conditions, the assembly in the containment enclosure can impact the lid with a particularly damaging effect on the closure system.
- such a system includes at least one plastically deformable damping device, such as metal foam.
- a plastically deformable damping device such as metal foam.
- the subject of the invention is a packaging for the transport and/or storage of a set of radioactive materials
- the packaging comprising a lateral body extending around a central longitudinal axis of the packaging, as well as a bottom and a removable lid respectively arranged at the axial ends of the lateral body of the packaging, the latter delimiting, with the bottom and the removable lid, a containment chamber for housing the set of radioactive materials , the package also comprising an internal damper housed in the containment enclosure and intended to be arranged axially between the removable lid and the set of radioactive materials.
- the internal damper comprises a single layer of damping tubes by plastic deformation, or a plurality of layers of damping tubes by plastic deformation, each layer being arranged in a layer plane orthogonal to the axis longitudinal center of the package, the damping tubes all having, within the same layer, an annular section or substantially annular among a maximum of three different reference sections, each tube extending along a longitudinal center line of the tube and all the longitudinal center lines of the tubes of the same layer being inscribed in the layer plane of the layer concerned .
- the number and dimensioning of the damping tubes of each layer are provided so that in axial view of the packaging, the ratio between on the one hand the cumulative projected surface of all the damping tubes of the layer, and on the other hand the area defined internally by the fictitious circle of smallest diameter in which all these damping tubes are circumscribed, is greater than 0.2.
- this ratio is greater than 0.25.
- the damping tubes are spaced transversely from each other so that in a transverse direction of each tube, the latter presents vis-à-vis any other tube of the same layer, a minimum transverse spacing greater than or equal to 0.4 * Dext, where "Dext" corresponds to the outside diameter of the damping tube considered.
- the transverse spacing is greater than or equal to 0.5*Dext.
- the invention is based on the implementation of an internal damper of simple and compact design, based on tubes easily available commercially and at low cost, while providing very good damping properties. performance in terms of crushing stress, and capacity to absorb energy by plastic deformation.
- the high density of tubes within each layer contributes to obtaining a homogeneous crushing stress, especially in combination with a minimum transverse spacing provided to greatly reduce or prohibit any interactions between the tubes during their deformation. , which is similar to a kind of ovalization.
- this minimum transverse spacing is preferably retained so that no contact occurs between the adjacent tubes of the same layer during their deformation, following a fall of the packaging with its cover. removable forward-facing.
- the qualification / certification of the shock absorber internal can be limited to the crushing of a limited number of tubes, namely as many tubes as there are different reference sections implemented in the damper (therefore a maximum of three per layer, and more preferably , a maximum of three for the entire internal damper). This makes the qualification considerably less expensive than when it must concern the whole of the internal shock absorber.
- the tube shape and their open ends facilitate the flow of water and the drying of the internal damper, and thus avoids the implementation of a sealed box in which this damper should be inserted.
- This feature therefore contrasts with other internal shock absorber solutions, such as those based on the use of metallic foam.
- the invention also provides for the implementation of the following optional characteristics, taken individually or in combination.
- each damping tube has a ratio, between its wall thickness and its outer diameter, of between 0.08 and 0.2, and more preferably between 0.09 and 0.15.
- At least some of the tubes are straight, with their longitudinal center lines corresponding to axes of revolution that are preferably all parallel to one another and/or coincident within the same layer.
- the parallelism of the tubes contributes to being able to increase the density of tubes within the internal damper, with the advantages of reducing the thickness of the damper, and even better homogeneity of the crushing stress of the damper.
- at least some of the tubes are in the form of an arc of a circle, and/or concentric tori.
- the damping tubes all having, within the same layer, the same annular or substantially annular section. This further facilitates the qualification/certification of the internal snubber. According to one possibility, it is the same section which is retained for all the tubes of all the layers, in the event of multilayer design of the internal shock absorber. This feature also applies in the case of a single layer.
- all the damping tubes have an annular or substantially annular section whose inner perimeter is circular. It can be the same for the outer perimeter, leading then to a so-called annular section.
- annular section which is not strictly annular, but substantially annular, arises when the outer surface of the tube is provided for example with one or more flats. It is noted that this outer surface can also be fitted with one or more tenons to improve its retention in the event of a fall and ensure that the tube deforms as desired without moving, and/or fitted with one or more holes/mortises crossing or not the thickness of the tube. Nevertheless, even provided with these elements, each tube continues to have an annular or substantially annular section.
- the internal damper comprises a force distribution plate arranged between the set of radioactive materials and the damping tubes of the single layer.
- a force distribution plate contributes to stressing the cover of the packaging in a particularly homogeneous manner, in the event of the package falling.
- the internal damper comprises a force distribution plate arranged between two layers of directly consecutive tubes. This makes it possible to avoid interactions between the tubes of these two directly consecutive layers, and advantageously leads to better controlled damping in the event of the package falling.
- At least some of the damping tubes are attached to the load distribution plate by welding.
- at least some of the damping tubes have a mortise and tenon assembly with the force distribution plate. This makes it possible, in a simple way and without having to resort to skilled labour, to ensure that the tubes are held in place and prevent them from slipping during their deformation, in the event of the packaging falling, in particular during an oblique fall.
- the internal damper is fixed to the removable cover so as to be in contact with an internal surface of this cover, the fixing being preferably carried out by welding or by screwed elements.
- the internal damper could be placed freely between this same cover and the set of radioactive materials.
- the damping tubes are made of stainless steel.
- certain straight tubes are arranged coaxially. This makes it possible, for example, to form lines of dampers extending locally over a large part, or even over all or almost all of the width of the removable cover, while facilitating the production of these lines by creating each of them with tubes of relatively short lengths, and arranged end to end.
- the cover is mounted on a front end of the lateral packaging body using screwed elements distributed around the periphery of the cover.
- the invention also relates to a package comprising such packaging, as well as a set of radioactive materials housed in the containment enclosure of the packaging.
- the set of radioactive materials comprises one or more sealed cases housing radioactive materials, or it comprises a storage basket housing a plurality of nuclear fuel assemblies.
- FIG. 1 represents a schematic view in axial section of a package according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 shows an axial sectional view of part of an internal damper fitted to the packaging of the package shown in the previous figure, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2A is a sectional view similar to that of FIG. 2, with the internal damper showing in its plastically deformed configuration following a fall of the package;
- FIG. 2B is a view similar to that of FIG. 2, with the damper shown according to an alternative;
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III of Figure 2;
- FIG. 4 is a view similar to that of Figure 2, with the damper shown according to yet another alternative;
- FIG. 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 2, with the damper in the form of another preferred embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 6 is a view similar to that of Figure 3, with the damper shown according to yet another alternative;
- FIG. 7 is an axial top view of the internal damper in the form of another preferred embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line VI 11 -VI 11 of Figure 7;
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a plastic deformation damping tube, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 10 is a partial view in axial section of the internal damper equipped with the tube of FIG. 9;
- FIG. 11 shows part of the internal damper in axial section, and on which have been shown means for fixing the damping tube to the force distribution plate;
- FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line XI I -XI I of Figure 11;
- FIG. 13 is an axial sectional view of the packaging cover on which the internal damper is fixed;
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the internal damper shown in Figure 13; and [Fig. 15] is a perspective view of the cover and internal damper shown in Figure 13.
- FIG. 1 there is shown a package 100 for storing and/or transporting radioactive materials, in the form of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the package 100 firstly comprises a packaging 1 provided with a side body 2, a bottom 4 and a removable lid 6 closing off an opening of the packaging opposite the bottom 4.
- the packaging has a central axis longitudinal 8 around which extends the side body 2, this axis 8 passing through the cover 6 and the bottom 4 respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the side body 2 packaging.
- the bottom 4 can be made in one piece with the packaging side body 2.
- the cover 6 is for its part attached to the front end of the side body 2, corresponding at the upper end in the vertical position of the packaging shown in FIG. 1.
- the fixing of this cover 6 is preferably carried out using screwed elements 14, distributed around the periphery of the cover.
- This set 12 also centered on the axis 8, here comprises a sealed case containing waste. Alternatively, it could be several cases placed in the containment enclosure 10, or even a storage basket housing several nuclear fuel assemblies.
- the packaging can be equipped with shock-absorbing covers 20 respectively protecting the cover 6 and the bottom 4 of the packaging.
- the packaging 1 is also equipped with an internal damper 22 specific to the invention, represented only schematically in FIG. , and an axial end surface 26 of the set of radioactive materials 12.
- the internal damper 22 is fixed to the cover 6 so as to be in contact with the internal surface 24. Fixing is effected for example by welding or by screwed elements. In other realizations, the internal damper 22 can be fixed on the assembly 12, or even arranged freely between the cover 6 and this same assembly 12.
- the internal damper 22 comprises a single layer C1 of tubes 30 for damping by plastic deformation, these tubes 30 being preferably made of stainless steel.
- the single layer Cl is arranged in a layer plane PI orthogonal to the longitudinal central axis 8. This plane PI is parallel to a force distribution plate 32 also oriented transversely, and which completes the internal damper 22.
- the plate 32 supports the tubes 30 which are fixed thereto, for example by welding, so as to be clamped axially between the internal surface 24 of the cover 6, and a support surface of the plate 32. The latter is thus arranged between the tubes 30 and the set of radioactive materials 12.
- the damping tubes 30 of the single layer C1 all have the same annular section.
- layer C1 could comprise up to three different types of tubes 30, respectively presenting three distinct reference sections.
- FIG 4. At the opposite ends of the layer C1, there are provided two tubes 30 having the same annular section corresponding to a first reference section.
- a tube 30 having a different annular section corresponding to a second reference section In the center, there is provided two tubes 30 having the same section ring corresponding to a third reference section.
- the number and arrangement of these tubes 30 of different shapes can be modified according to the needs encountered, one of the objectives being to locally adapt the crushing stress of the tube according to the part of the set 12 which is opposite.
- the tubes of the Cl layer could also present three different annular sections but obtained using three diameters different exteriors. In particular, this makes it possible to ensure that the deformation of all the tubes is not initiated at the same instant, but in a sequenced manner for a more progressive stress on the closure system in the event of a fall.
- This configuration is applicable with or without distribution plate, in the case of a single layer or in a multilayer design which will be presented below.
- all the tubes 30 are straight in shape, and of identical or different lengths.
- Each tube 30 extends along a longitudinal center line 40 of the tube, which here corresponds to its axis of revolution.
- the axes 40 of all the tubes 30 of the layer Cl are inscribed in the plane of the layer PI, also preferably being parallel to each other and/or coincident, so as to increase the number of tubes within the internal damper.
- each tube 30 of layer C1 is of the same type, having the same reference section.
- This annular section is materialized by a circular outer perimeter with an outer diameter referenced “Dext”, as well as by a circular inner perimeter with an inner diameter referenced “Dint”. These two perimeters, centered on the axis 8, remain identical all along each tube 30, the section of the latter being constant. Locally, these tubes 30 of annular section can nevertheless be equipped with tenon(s)/hole(s)/mortise(s) to guarantee the maintenance of these tubes during their crushing in the event of the package falling, as will be detailed. later.
- One of the particularities of the invention lies in the choice of the tubes 30 as damping elements by plastic deformation, but also in the fact of providing them in a large quantity within the internal damper, while spacing them sufficiently apart. others in order to avoid interactions between them during their deformation. This results in a geometry fulfilling two specific conditions, the first relating globally to the space occupied by the tubes 30 within the layer C1, and the second relating to a minimum transverse spacing between these tubes 30.
- the number and dimensioning of the tubes 30 of the layer C1 is such that, in axial view of the packaging, the ratio between, on the one hand, the cumulative projected surface of all the tubes 30, and on the other hand the area defined internally by the fictitious circle Cfl of smallest diameter in which all these tubes are circumscribed, remains greater than 0.2, even greater than 0.25, or even greater than 0.3 .
- the cumulative projected surface of the tubes 30 corresponds to that which can be determined using the outer contours of these tubes in FIG. 3, due to the cross-sectional plane III-III passing through the axes of revolution 40, and corresponding to the layer plane Cl.
- the fictitious circle Cfl has also been represented in this figure 3.
- the tubes 30 are spaced transversely from each other so that according to a transverse direction of each tube, the latter has vis-à-vis any other tube of layer Cl, a minimum transverse spacing "Emin” greater than or equal to 0.4 * Dext, where "Dext" corresponds to the outside diameter of the tube 30 considered. More preferably, this minimum transverse spacing “Emin” is greater than or equal to 0.5*Dext.
- FIG. 2B shows a case of complete deformation of the tubes 30 after the fall, following which the two completely flattened tubes therefore extended in the transverse direction with respect to the axes 40, without however coming into contact with the one another.
- these tubes 30 can then be brought closer together within the damper.
- the minimum transverse spacing provided above makes it possible to ensure that all the tubes 30 will deform in the same or similar manner while absorbing the same quantity of energy, and therefore to carry out a simplified qualification / certification relating to only one of these tubes, and not on the entire shock absorber.
- FIG. 4 comprising tubes 30 of several types, but only among a maximum of three distinct references, it is only one tube of each type that must be qualified/certified.
- each tube 30 has a ratio, between its wall thickness “E” and its outer diameter “Dext”, of between 0.08 and 0.2, and even more preferably between 0.09 and 0.15. Quite unpredictably, it was found that this ratio made it possible to obtain exceptional damping performance, a moderate bulk, while offering a crushing constraint compatible with the closure system as well as a large capacity of absorption of energy.
- FIG. 2B represents an alternative, in which each tube 30 of layer C1 has a section which is no longer strictly annular, but substantially annular because its outer surface is provided with two flats 44.
- Each of these two flats 44 s extends parallel to the axis 40 of the tube, preferably over the entire length of this tube. They are intended to form the contact surfaces of the tube with respectively the inner surface 24 of the cover, and the bearing surface of the force distribution plate 32.
- the outer diameter "Dext » of the tube (of its substantially annular section) must be considered as the external diameter at the level of the circular parts not truncated by the flats 44.
- the internal damper 22 no longer comprises a single layer of tubes, but several successive layers in the direction of the axis 8.
- This is here three layers C1, C2, C3, but the number could be different, without departing from the scope of the invention.
- Each of these layers has the same or similar design as the single layer just described in the previous embodiment.
- One of the particularities here consists in providing a force distribution plate 32 between the layers directly consecutive. These plates are also oriented transversely, and parallel to the planes of layers P1, P2, P3 in which the axes 40 of the tubes 30 of the layers C1, C2, C3 are respectively inscribed.
- the axes of the tubes 30 of the 3 layers are arranged parallel to each other, but it could be otherwise.
- the axes of the tubes of a first layer could for example be oriented perpendicular to the axes of the tubes of a second layer, etc.
- a distribution plate 32 is also preferably provided between the set of radioactive materials, and the layer of tubes located at the end of the stack, closest to this set.
- FIG. 6 shows the damper 22 according to an alternative to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, in which the tubes 30 arranged parallel and coaxially form lines of dampers extending locally over a large part, even over all or almost the width of the cover 6.
- the coaxial tubes 30 of short lengths are arranged end to end, with small axial clearances between them.
- the tubes 30 are no longer straight, but in the form of concentric and coplanar tori. Their longitudinal center lines are therefore circles 40 all inscribed in the same plane PI.
- the particular shape and arrangement of the tubes 30 here also make it possible to achieve a high density of tubes within the layer C1, while respecting the minimum transverse spacing “Emin” between the tori.
- Figures 9 and 10 show a feature applicable to all embodiments, here with a tube 30 of substantially annular section provided with flats 44.
- the flat 44 which cooperates with the bearing surface of the plate 32 is equipped with a tenon 46, here of substantially parallelepiped shape, preferably with its long length oriented parallel to the axis 40. Indeed, this tenon 46 is housed in a hole / a mortise 48 of complementary shape made in the force distribution plate 32.
- Figures 11 and 12 show an alternative for fixing the tubes 30.
- a pin 50 which is preferably welded to this plate, and which projects inwards to penetrate in a hole 52 made in the thickness "E" of the tube 30.
- Several assemblies of this type can be provided along the tube, as can be seen in Figure 11 with the representation of two pins 50 welded to the plate 32.
- FIGS. 13 to 15 show an embodiment for fixing the distribution plate 32, here in the form of a disc, to the cover 6.
- the plate 32 is equipped with connecting members 56 welded to the lid, and spaced circumferentially from each other. This facilitates the drying of the internal damper 22 after the packaging has been taken out of the water, since the latter can be evacuated by the preferentially open ends of the tubes 30, then by the radial spaces 58 defined between connecting devices 56.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Buffer Packaging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2109932A FR3127326B1 (fr) | 2021-09-21 | 2021-09-21 | Emballage pour le transport et/ou l’entreposage d’un ensemble de matières radioactives, comprenant un amortisseur interne équipé de tubes d’amortissement |
| PCT/FR2022/051769 WO2023047051A1 (fr) | 2021-09-21 | 2022-09-20 | Emballage pour le transport et/ou l'entreposage d'un ensemble de matieres radioactives, comprenant un amortisseur interne equipe de tubes d'amortissement |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4405982A1 true EP4405982A1 (fr) | 2024-07-31 |
| EP4405982B1 EP4405982B1 (fr) | 2025-06-04 |
Family
ID=79170994
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22789274.2A Active EP4405982B1 (fr) | 2021-09-21 | 2022-09-20 | Emballage pour le transport et/ou l'entreposage d'un ensemble de matieres radioactives, comprenant un amortisseur interne equipe de tubes d'amortissement |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250140430A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4405982B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2024532953A (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES3035836T3 (fr) |
| FI (1) | FI4405982T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3127326B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023047051A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2650417C3 (de) * | 1976-11-03 | 1979-06-13 | Kraftwerk Union Ag, 4330 Muelheim | Stoßdämpfer |
| DE10228387B4 (de) * | 2002-06-25 | 2014-10-16 | Polygro Trading Ag | Behältersystem zum Transport und zur Lagerung hochradioaktiver Materialien |
| JP6867842B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-28 | 2021-05-12 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 緩衝体、キャスク及び緩衝体の製造方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-09-21 FR FR2109932A patent/FR3127326B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-09-20 US US18/693,590 patent/US20250140430A1/en active Pending
- 2022-09-20 EP EP22789274.2A patent/EP4405982B1/fr active Active
- 2022-09-20 WO PCT/FR2022/051769 patent/WO2023047051A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2022-09-20 FI FIEP22789274.2T patent/FI4405982T3/fi active
- 2022-09-20 ES ES22789274T patent/ES3035836T3/es active Active
- 2022-09-20 JP JP2024517536A patent/JP2024532953A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI4405982T3 (fi) | 2025-07-21 |
| US20250140430A1 (en) | 2025-05-01 |
| JP2024532953A (ja) | 2024-09-10 |
| WO2023047051A1 (fr) | 2023-03-30 |
| FR3127326A1 (fr) | 2023-03-24 |
| ES3035836T3 (en) | 2025-09-10 |
| FR3127326B1 (fr) | 2023-09-01 |
| EP4405982B1 (fr) | 2025-06-04 |
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