EP4416318A2 - Procédé de prodution d'une électrode - Google Patents

Procédé de prodution d'une électrode

Info

Publication number
EP4416318A2
EP4416318A2 EP23758600.3A EP23758600A EP4416318A2 EP 4416318 A2 EP4416318 A2 EP 4416318A2 EP 23758600 A EP23758600 A EP 23758600A EP 4416318 A2 EP4416318 A2 EP 4416318A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nickel
powder
aluminum
section
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23758600.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Pucher
Arndt Schreiber
Werner Schubert
Manfred Grauvogl
Leander Schramm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KS Gleitlager GmbH
Original Assignee
KS Gleitlager GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KS Gleitlager GmbH filed Critical KS Gleitlager GmbH
Publication of EP4416318A2 publication Critical patent/EP4416318A2/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/09—Mixtures of metallic powders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/0006—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/083—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction
    • B23K26/0838—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt
    • B23K26/0846—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt for moving elongated workpieces longitudinally, e.g. wire or strip material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/242—Fillet welding, i.e. involving a weld of substantially triangular cross section joining two parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/26—Seam welding of rectilinear seams
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
    • C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
    • C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/082—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat without intermediate formation of a liquid in the layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/082—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat without intermediate formation of a liquid in the layer
    • C23C24/085—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
    • C23C24/087—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
    • C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
    • C25B11/052—Electrodes comprising one or more electrocatalytic coatings on a substrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
    • C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
    • C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/16—Bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B23K2103/26—Alloys of Nickel and Cobalt and Chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing an electrode for use in the alkaline electrolysis of water, comprising a flat section of a metallic flat material to which a layer of particles of an electrochemically active metal alloy is applied.
  • Electrodes for water electrolysis and processes for their production have become widely known in recent decades. Nevertheless, there is a need for their further development in order to be able to use alkaline electrolysis of water, i.e. hydrogen gas and Oxygen f-gas production to achieve high yields with the most economical use of energy.
  • the electrodes of the electrolysis devices used in the respective electrochemical cells which are often referred to as electrolyzers, as well as the manufacturing processes used for this are of particular importance.
  • the particles scattered on consist of a mixture of carbonyl nickel powder and powder of stabilized Raney nickel powder of the composition A142Ni50Mo7, 5TiO, 5, ie a composition with 42% by weight aluminum, 7.5% by weight molybdenum and 0.5% by weight titanium, the balance nickel.
  • the powder mixture of nickel powder and aluminum-nickel-molybdenum alloy powder is used in a ratio of 1:3 to 3:1.
  • the temperature control mentioned is carried out under a reducing atmosphere at 700°C. The reducing atmosphere is necessary to free the particles rolled against each other from oxidic skins in order to be able to cause the particles to sinter in the first place.
  • DE 2 002 298 A describes a process for producing electrodes for technical water electrolysis, in which a layer of nickel is applied to sections made of perforated or slotted sheet metal, wire mesh or expanded metal by flame spraying or arc spraying.
  • the porous layer of nickel applied in this way is then anodically oxidized so that a small part of the material on the surface and in the pores of the nickel layer is converted into black nickel (III) oxide or nickel (III) hydroxide.
  • This oxidation product of nickel is then converted into electrochemically highly active, finely divided, metallic nickel using known processes for the reduction of nickel compounds. So no aluminum-nickel alloy is used.
  • DE 10 2017 110 863 B4 also only works using a nickel powder.
  • the method comprises the steps of: - providing spherical nickel hydroxide particles, - partially reducing these particles in a reducing atmosphere at temperatures of 270 ° C to 330 ° C to obtain partially reduced, spherical Ni / NiO particles, - preparing a paste from the Ni / NiO particles obtained, a binder and a surfactant, - applying the paste to a nickel mesh made of nickel wires or to a nickel expanded metal, and - tempering the section thus coated in a reducing atmosphere at temperatures of 500 ° C to 800 ° C.
  • the tempering in a reducing atmosphere serves to completely reduce the Ni/Ni particles in order to achieve a nickel layer made of firmly adhering, spherical, nanoporous nickel particles. It should also be ensured that the binding agents, surfactants and any auxiliary substances used are completely removed or evaporated without leaving any residue.
  • carrier elements can be stacked on top of each other in the form of a Expanded metal, a wire mesh, a metal net, a perforated sheet, a fleece can be used, in which at least the support element forming the contact side of the ion exchange membrane was coated with powder made of nickel-aluminum alloy or nickel-aluminum-molybdenum alloy by plasma spraying.
  • plasma spray layers deposited on top of each other with porosity decreasing in the direction mentioned can also be applied one on top of the other.
  • the present invention is based on the task mentioned at the outset.
  • the subject matter of the invention is therefore a method for producing an electrode for use in the alkaline electrolysis of water, comprising a planar section of a metallic flat material to which a layer of particles of an electrochemically active metal alloy is applied, with the following steps: providing a planar section of a metallic flat material in the form of an expanded metal grid, wire mesh or knitted fabric, metal fleece or metal foam or perforated sheet, each made of nickel or nickel alloy, in particular nickel-iron alloy, or nickel-plated metal, Pulse-applied mechanical blasting of the flat section on both sides for cleaning and preparation for coating, providing a powder mixture of nickel powder and powder of aluminum (40-50)-nickel (35-40)-molybdenum (15-20) alloy, the proportion of nickel powder being 5-25 wt.
  • the coating is made from the above-mentioned powder mixture, i.e. not just from a powder of a single composition, and this powder is applied to both sides of the previously blasted surface of the flat material in a thermal spray process or by laser deposition welding, one can be used for the intended purposes excellently suitable Achieve composite structure without having to carry out complex sintering processes.
  • the temperature control of the coated section following the coating process does not serve to form sinter bridges between the powder particles. This is not necessary as spray or There are welding bridges between the particles. Rather, tempering serves to form aluminum-nickel phases, which have not yet been able to form to a sufficient extent due to rapid solidification of the sprayed or welded particles.
  • the aluminum (40-50) - nickel (35-40) - molybdenum (15-20) alloy consists of the elements mentioned aluminum, nickel and molybdenum and optionally up to 2% by weight of titanium and unavoidable impurities in a total of at most 1% by weight, in particular at most 0.8% by weight, in particular at most 0.5% by weight, in particular at most 0.3% by weight.
  • the nickel powder particles contain unavoidable impurities in a total of not more than 1% by weight, in particular not more than 0.8% by weight, in particular not more than 0.5% by weight, in particular not more than 0.3% by weight. (Claim 3)
  • the nickel content of the aluminum-nickel-molybdenum alloy powder is at least 36 wt.%, in particular at least 37 wt.%, in particular at most 39 wt.%, in particular at most 38
  • the molybdenum content of the aluminum-nickel-molybdenum alloy powder is at least 16% by weight, in particular at least 17% by weight, in particular at least 18% by weight, in particular at most 24% by weight. -%, in particular at most 23% by weight, in particular at most 22% by weight, in particular at most 21% by weight, in particular at most 20% by weight and in particular 19% by weight of molybdenum. (Claim 5) It is further considered advantageous if the aluminum content of the aluminum-nickel-molybdenum alloy powder is at least 41% by weight, in particular at least 42% by weight, in particular at least 43% by weight, in particular at most 49% by weight.
  • a titanium content of the aluminum-nickel-molybdenum alloy powder is at least 0.2% by weight, in particular at least 0.4% by weight, in particular at least 0.6% by weight. , in particular at most 1.5% by weight and in particular at most 1.2% by weight of nickel. (Claim 7)
  • the proportion of nickel powder in the powder mixture is at least 8% by weight, in particular at least 10% by weight, in particular at least 15% by weight, in particular at most 23% by weight, in particular at most 22% by weight, in particular at most 21% by weight and in particular 20% by weight. (Claim 8)
  • the application of the claimed coating of nickel powder and powder of aluminium-nickel-molybdenum alloy by thermal spraying is particularly suitable for producing a well-adhering composite material with a certain degree of porosity after coating.
  • a coating thickness of at least 50 pm, in particular at least 80 pm, in particular at least 100 pm, in particular at most 200 pm, in particular at most 180 pm, in particular at most 160 pm, in particular at most 150 pm is applied on each side.
  • the temperature control of the coated section is at temperatures of at least 300 ° C, in particular of at least 350 ° C, in particular of at most 600 ° C, in particular of at most 500 ° C, in particular of at most 450 ° C, in particular of 380 - 420 ° C is carried out (claim 15).
  • the electrode is subjected to an etching treatment, in particular using potassium hydroxide, preferably only when it is already installed in an electrochemical cell and preferably essentially immediately before a first use in the alkaline electrolysis of water, thereby producing an aluminum Nickel phase, in particular A13Ni, is dissolved out of the coating, so that an increase in the surface area of the coating is achieved.
  • etching treatment is advantageously carried out at a temperature of 60-80° C. for a period of 12-24 hours.
  • the present invention also relates to an electrode, produced by a method according to one or more of the preceding claims and comprising the two-sided coated and tempered flat section of the metallic flat material, wherein the coating consists of particles of nickel applied by thermal spraying or laser deposition welding and particles of the aluminum-nickel-molybdenum alloy, in which A13Ni and A13N12 phases created by the tempering are formed.
  • the invention further relates to the use of such an electrode for generating hydrogen in a half-cell of an electrochemical cell in the alkaline electrolysis of water (claim 18).
  • the subject of the invention is a stack-shaped arrangement of electrochemical cells for use in hydrogen production by means of alkaline electrolysis, each electrochemical cell comprising an anode-side and a cathode-side half cell, between which a diaphragm membrane that is permeable to OH ions is arranged, characterized by electrodes produced by a method according to one or more of claims 1-14 or according to claim 15. (Claim 19)
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the process features of feeding, blasting, coating and tempering a section of metallic flat material in endless strip form;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the feeding
  • Figures 3a, b show a schematic representation of the joining of previously obtained sections of metallic flat material to produce an electrode of larger surface area
  • Figure 5 An evaluation of the measured values according to Figure 4 at 0.8A/cm 2 .
  • FIG. 1 shows a highly schematic representation of the process sequences for carrying out a method according to the invention for producing an electrode for use in the alkaline electrolysis of water.
  • a flat section 2 of a metallic flat material 4 is provided in the form of an expanded metal grid, wire mesh or knitted fabric, metal fleece or metal foam or perforated sheet metal, each made of nickel or nickel alloy or nickel-plated metal.
  • the sections 2 can preferably be provided in the form of an endless band 5, which is unrolled from a supply reel 6 and fed to the manufacturing process, so that the sections 2 are provided as a band 5 that is endless in a feed direction 7.
  • the feeding takes place in such a way that the band 5 made of flat material 4 is oriented vertically with its plane.
  • the drawing plane of Figure 1 forms a plane horizontal to the vertical.
  • First the band 5 or a respective supplied section 2 made of flat material 4 is treated by pulsed mechanical blasting and thereby cleaned and prepared and in particular largely freed of oxide skins on its surface.
  • the section 2 is fed to a device 8 for mechanical blasting and is blasted there from both sides 10, 12.
  • the section is then fed to a device 14 for thermal spraying or laser deposition welding and is in turn coated by and on both sides 10, 12.
  • a powder mixture 20 made of nickel powder 16 and a powder 18 made of aluminum-nickel-molybdenum alloy of the composition mentioned in the introduction to the description is supplied to the device 14 as the coating material.
  • the reference numbers 16, 18, 20 therefore designate the provision and supply of the powder mixture 20 to the device 14.
  • the powder particles are melted and solidified again in the course of application or at the latest immediately when they hit section 2 as a substrate to be coated;
  • the composition of the powder particles applied to form a layer 22 on both sides remains the same as the composition of the powder particles 16, 18.
  • the Thermal spraying as well as laser deposition welding solidifies the section 2 or . the endless belt 5 applied layer 22 very quickly, so that no states of equilibrium are passed through. Therefore, following the coating, a temperature treatment of the coated section 2 or of the coated strip 5 carried out by the coated section 2 or the coated strip 5 is fed to a device 24 for temperature control or is passed through this device 24.
  • the temperature and duration of this heat treatment is as set out in the introduction to the description, although a temperature range of 350 - 450 ° C can prove to be advantageous.
  • the tempered section 2 or the tempered strip 5 can be rolled up into a reel 26 and fed to intermediate storage as outlined in Figure 1.
  • Figure 2 shows schematically the unwinding of a coated and tempered section 2 or strip 5 rolled up into a reel 26 and the feeding to a separating station 28. There, individual longitudinal sections 30 of the endless strip 5 are formed, which can then be used as electrode plates for producing an electrode.
  • coated sections 2 and in particular coated longitudinal sections 30 separated from an endless belt 5 can be directly or indirectly with the interposition of another metallic section, in particular welded together, in order to obtain a linear or array-like arrangement of sections 2 and 30 for producing an electrode with a larger surface area.
  • Weld seams along the edges of sections 2, 30 are indicated by way of example with reference number 32.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show measured values for specific current density and the voltage required for this, and in particular the influence of temperature treatment in a non-reducing atmosphere on the required voltage difference compared to a standard hydrogen electrode to achieve a specific current density.
  • the electrodes examined in Figures 4 and 5 in the form of a section of expanded metal mesh or metal wire mesh made of nickel treated according to the invention were coated by means of atmospheric plasma spraying, and then temperature treatment was carried out in a non-reducing atmosphere at 400 °C for a duration of 20 minutes.
  • the following powder composition or powder mixture was used for the coating: Powder mixture of 20 wt. % nickel powder and 80 wt. % powder of A144Ni37Mol 9 and .
  • the coated and tempered section in question was subjected to an etching treatment using a 30 % KOH solution (KOH in distilled water) for 24 hours at 60 ° C.
  • the section treated in this way was then immersed in an electrolyte of 30 %
  • KaOH solution to a voltage against a voltage also in the The working electrode is immersed in the electrolyte.
  • the voltage or undervoltage in question was measured against a standard hydrogen electrode, which is also immersed in the electrolyte, in a three-electrode arrangement, essentially without current.
  • Figure 4 shows the voltage required for a particular specific current density against the standard hydrogen electrode, with one electrode/section being coated and tempered according to the invention (measurement points with a filled triangle) and the other section being coated only according to the invention (measurement points with a filled circle). It can be seen that in order to achieve a predetermined specific current density, a lower voltage must be applied to the section or electrode in question.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'une électrode destinée à être utilisée lors de l'électrolyse alcaline de l'eau, comprenant une partie plane d'un matériau métallique plat, sur laquelle est appliquée une couche de particules d'un alliage métallique électrochimiquement actif, ce procédé comprenant les étapes consistant à : fournir une partie plane d'un matériau métallique plat sous la forme d'une grille métallique extensible, d'un tissu ou d'un tricot métallique, d'une nappe métallique ou d'une mousse métallique ou d'une tôle perforée, respectivement en nickel ou en alliage de nickel ou en métal nickelé ; réaliser un grenaillage mécanique par impulsions des deux côtés de la partie plane afin de la nettoyer et de la préparer pour un revêtement ; préparer un mélange de poudres composé de poudre de nickel et de poudre d'alliage aluminium (40-50)-nickel (35-40)-molybdène (15-20), la proportion de poudre de nickel étant de 5-25 % en poids du mélange de poudres ; revêtir les deux faces de la partie grenaillée mécaniquement avec le mélange de poudres par pulvérisation thermique ou par rechargement par laser pour obtenir un revêtement sur les deux faces ; thermoréguler la partie revêtue à des températures comprises entre 250°C et 650°C sous une atmosphère d'azote ou d'argon non réductrice pendant une durée de 10 minutes pour former des phases aluminium-nickel.
EP23758600.3A 2022-09-28 2023-08-17 Procédé de prodution d'une électrode Pending EP4416318A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102022124917.4A DE102022124917B3 (de) 2022-09-28 2022-09-28 Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Elektrode, Elektrode, Verwendung der Elektrode und stapelförmige Anordnung aus elektrochemischen Zellen
PCT/EP2023/072729 WO2024068132A2 (fr) 2022-09-28 2023-08-17 Procédé de prodution d'une électrode

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DE102023134698A1 (de) 2023-12-11 2025-06-12 Ks Gleitlager Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Elektrode für die Verwendung bei der alkalischen Elektrolyse von Wasser sowie Elektrode
DE102024113358B3 (de) 2024-05-14 2025-11-13 Ks Gleitlager Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Elektrode für die Verwendung in einer Elektrolysezelle, Elektrode sowie Stapelanordnung mit einer solchen Elektrode
DE102024118397A1 (de) * 2024-06-28 2025-12-31 Ks Gleitlager Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Elektrode für die Verwendung bei der alkalischen Wasserelektrolyse sowie Elektrode

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DE2002298C3 (de) 1970-01-20 1974-05-30 Guenter Dipl.-Chem. 4134 Rheinberg Barthel Verfahren zur Herstellung von Elektroden für die technische Wasserelektrolyse
DE3813744A1 (de) 1988-04-23 1989-11-02 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von werkstoffverbunden als blechtafeln, blechbaender und folien mit oberflaechiger skelettstruktur und verwendung der werkstoffverbunde
DE102017110863B4 (de) 2017-05-18 2021-02-04 Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoff-Forschung Baden-Württemberg Nickelelektrode, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung
DE102018105115A1 (de) 2018-03-06 2019-09-12 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Elektrode, Zelleneinheit und Elektrolyseur
KR102136619B1 (ko) 2018-07-09 2020-07-22 충남대학교산학협력단 다공성 Ni-Al-Mo 알칼리 수전해용 음극 및 그 제조방법과 Ni-Al-Mo 용사코팅재
CN114318361B (zh) * 2021-11-26 2023-07-14 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 氧化钒修饰的雷尼镍合金电极制备方法、电极及应用

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