EP4429100A1 - Mikrowechselrichter - Google Patents

Mikrowechselrichter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4429100A1
EP4429100A1 EP22929675.1A EP22929675A EP4429100A1 EP 4429100 A1 EP4429100 A1 EP 4429100A1 EP 22929675 A EP22929675 A EP 22929675A EP 4429100 A1 EP4429100 A1 EP 4429100A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
micro inverter
conversion
bridge arm
transformer
inductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22929675.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4429100A4 (de
Inventor
Qiaodi Chen
Jiacai Zhuang
Jun Xu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd
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Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd filed Critical Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd
Publication of EP4429100A1 publication Critical patent/EP4429100A1/de
Publication of EP4429100A4 publication Critical patent/EP4429100A4/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0064—Magnetic structures combining different functions, e.g. storage, filtering or transformation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/4807—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode having a high frequency intermediate AC stage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/22—Solar energy
    • H02J2101/24—Photovoltaics
    • H02J2101/25—Photovoltaics involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/0077—Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/49—Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of power electronics, and in particular to a micro inverter.
  • micro inverter can perform maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in a module-level, power generation of photovoltaic modules will not be affected by each other. In addition, no short board effect will be caused among photovoltaic modules connected in series, so that partial occlusion and orientation inconsistency do not affect the power generation of a whole string of modules. Moreover, operation and maintenance may be implemented in a module-level with the micro inverter. Therefore, the micro inverter has received a widespread attention.
  • MPPT maximum power point tracking
  • a one-drive-two flyback micro inverter is provided according to the conventional technology.
  • the topological structure of the flyback micro inverter is shown in Figure 1 , the flyback micro inverter can implement inversion and output for two photovoltaic modules PV1 and PV2, to improve a power density of the system.
  • the solution shown in Figure 1 requires multiple high-frequency transformers, resulting in a large overall volume and a high cost.
  • the solution relates to a two-stage conversion structure, where a flyback converter is used for increasing voltage in a first conversion stage, and an H-bridge is used for inversion in a second conversion stage. A conversion efficiency of this two-stage conversion structure is low.
  • a micro inverter is provided according to the present disclosure, to reduce a volume and a cost, and improve conversion efficiency.
  • the micro inverter includes a control unit, a transformer, a secondary-side bridge arm and N conversion branches, where N is an integer greater than one.
  • Each of input terminals of the conversion branches serves as an input terminal of the micro inverter and is connected to a corresponding direct-current power supply or load.
  • Output terminals of the conversion branches are cascaded, and two terminals of the cascaded conversion branches are connected to an input terminal of the secondary-side bridge arm through the transformer.
  • An output terminal of the secondary-side bridge arm serves as an output terminal of the micro inverter.
  • the secondary-side bridge arm and the N conversion branches are controlled via the control unit.
  • the transformer is a high-frequency dual-winding transformer.
  • a primary-side winding of the transformer is connected to the two terminals of the cascaded conversion branches through a first inductor; and/or a secondary-side winding of the transformer is connected to the input terminal of the secondary-side bridge arm through a second inductor.
  • the first inductor is independent of the primary-side winding, or the first inductor is a primary-side leakage inductor integrated in the transformer; and the second inductor is independent of the secondary-side winding, or the second inductor is a secondary-side leakage inductor integrated in the transformer.
  • the secondary-side bridge arm includes two bidirectional switches and two output-side capacitors.
  • the two bidirectional switches are connected in series to form a branch
  • the two output-side capacitors are connected in series to form another branch
  • the two branches are connected in parallel to two ends of the output terminal of the secondary-side bridge arm.
  • a connection point between the two bidirectional switches, and a connection point between the two output-side capacitors respectively serve as two ends of the input terminal of the secondary-side bridge arm.
  • each of the bidirectional switches includes two switching transistors connected in reverse series.
  • each of the conversion branches includes an H-bridge circuit and an input-side capacitor. Two terminals of the input-side capacitor and two ends of the H-bridge circuit at a direct-current side are connected to the two ends of the input terminal of the conversion branch; and the two terminals of the H-bridge circuit at an alternating-current side serve as two ends of the output terminals of the conversion branch.
  • control unit is configured to independently control the H-bridge circuits.
  • phase-shift angle between the H-bridge circuit and the secondary-side bridge arm in a case that a phase-shift angle between the H-bridge circuit and the secondary-side bridge arm is greater than zero, power in the H-bridge circuit is transmitted from the direct-current side to the alternating-current side; and in a case that the phase-shift angle between the H-bridge circuit and the secondary-side bridge arm is less than zero, the power in the H-bridge circuit is transmitted from the alternating-current side to the direct-current side.
  • control unit in a case that an input terminal of one of the N conversion branches is connected with no device, the control unit is configured to control two ends of the output terminal of the conversion branch to be short-circuited.
  • control unit in order to control the two ends of the output terminal of the conversion branch to be short-circuited, is further configured to control at least two of four switching transistors in the H-bridge circuit to be turned on.
  • each of input terminals of the micro inverter is connected to a photovoltaic module or an energy storage device.
  • the micro inverter further includes: a grid-side filter arranged between the output terminal of the secondary-side bridge arm and the output terminal of the micro inverter.
  • N conversion branches in the main circuit are cascaded, to share a same transformer to be connected to the secondary-side bridge arm, avoiding the arrangement of N transformers in the conventional technology.
  • the N cascaded conversion branches can implement decoupling, so that it is unnecessary to provide a device for decoupling for each branch, thereby reducing the volume and the cost.
  • each direct-current power supply or load can be connected to an alternating-current grid via only one-stage conversion, compared with the two-stage conversion structure in the conventional technology, the loss in the conversion process is reduced and the conversion efficiency is improved according to the present disclosure.
  • a micro inverter is provided according to the present disclosure, to reduce a volume and a cost, and improve conversion efficiency.
  • the micro inverter includes a control unit (not shown in Figure 2 ), a transformer 102, a secondary-side bridge arm 103 and N conversion branches 101, where N is an integer greater than one.
  • Each of input terminals of the N conversion branches 101 serves as an input terminal of the micro inverter and is connected to a corresponding direct-current power supply or a load.
  • each of the input terminals of the N conversion branches 101 may be connected to a direct-current power supply such as a photovoltaic module, or an energy storage device, such as device which can serve as either a direct-current power supply or a load, e.g. a battery.
  • a direct-current power supply such as a photovoltaic module
  • an energy storage device such as device which can serve as either a direct-current power supply or a load, e.g. a battery.
  • the battery in a case that the battery is in a discharge state, the battery functions as a direct-current power supply, and in a case that the battery is in a charge state, the battery functions as a load. That is, the input and output terminals of the micro inverter are only explained by taking a state of being connected to the direct-current power supply as an example, and
  • Output terminals of conversion branches 101 are cascaded, and two terminals of the cascaded conversion branches are connected to an input terminal of the secondary-side bridge arm 103 through the transformer 102.
  • the transformer 102 may be a high-frequency double-winding transformer.
  • the transformer 102 may include: an iron core, a primary-side winding and a secondary-side winding.
  • the primary-side winding of the transformer 102 is connected to the two terminals of the cascaded conversion branches 101 through a first inductor L1 (as shown in Figure 3a ).
  • a secondary-side winding of the transformer 102 is connected to an input terminal of the secondary-side bridge arm 103 through a second inductor L2 (as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3b ).
  • the primary-side winding of the transformer 102 is connected to the two terminals of the cascaded conversion branches 101 through the first inductor L1
  • the secondary-side winding of the transformer 102 is connected to the input terminal of the secondary-side bridge arm 103 through the second inductor L2 (as shown in Figure 3c ).
  • the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 may be independent inductors, that is, being independently arranged at a side of the transformer 102.
  • the second inductor L2 may be integrated in the transformer 102 in a form of a secondary-side leakage inductor
  • the first inductor L1 may be integrated in the transformer 102 in a form of a primary-side leakage inductor, which depends on the specific application environment and fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • the output terminal of the secondary-side bridge arm 103 serves as an output terminal of the micro inverter.
  • the output terminal of the micro inverter may be connected to the power grid through an external filter.
  • the micro inverter may be provided with a grid-side filter 104 arranged between the output terminal of the secondary-side bridge arm 103 and the output terminal of the micro inverter.
  • the grid-side filter 104 may be an LC filter, but not limited to this, which is within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • Direct-current power from each direct-current power supply is converted to an alternating-current power through a single-stage conversion by a corresponding conversion branch 101.
  • Alternating-current power from the output terminals of the cascaded conversion branches 101, that is, the alternating-current side, is inputted to the transformer 102 for voltage increasing and isolation, then a second inductor L2 at the secondary side changes the phase of the power of the secondary-side winding and transmits the power to the input terminal of the secondary-side bridge arm 103.
  • the secondary-side bridge arm 103 adjusts the power to an alternating-current power for grid connection.
  • each of the input terminal is connected to a load
  • the direction of the current is opposite, and the voltage of the transformer 102 at the primary side is shared among the cascaded conversion branches 101, and each of the conversion branch 101 performs power conversion to supply power to the corresponding load.
  • the micro inverter provided in the embodiment performs energy coupling by multiple cascaded conversion branches 101, and it is unnecessary to increase the quantity of the primary-side winding in the transformer 102 in a case that the quantity of input ports is increased.
  • the cascaded structure may further be used to implement the independent control of direct-current-side power of the conversion branches 101, that is, the power magnitude and current direction of each conversion branch 101 may be controlled independently, so that the decoupling among the multiple inputs can be implemented, avoiding the arrangement of an inductor for each of the multiple inputs in the conventional technology. Therefore, compared with the above solution with multiple primary-side windings, in this embodiment, the quantity of windings and inductors are reduced, thereby reducing the volume of the transformer, thus reducing the system cost.
  • Figure 4 shows an example of a topological structure of the micro-inverter.
  • a secondary-side bridge arm 103 includes: two bidirectional switches K1 and K2, and two output-side capacitors C2 and C3.
  • the two bidirectional switches K1 and K2 are connected in series to form a branch, the two output-side capacitors C2 and C3 are connected in series to form another branch, and the two branches are connected in parallel to two ends of the output terminal of the secondary-side bridge arm 103.
  • Figure 4 shows an example in which a leakage inductor is used, and an inductor independent of the transformer 102 is not shown in the drawings.
  • each of the bidirectional switches K1 and K2 may include two switching transistors connected in reverse series.
  • the bidirectional switching transistor K1 includes two N-metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS) transistors S5 and S6 sharing a common source
  • the bidirectional switch K2 includes two NMOS transistors S7 and S8 sharing a common source.
  • NMOS N-metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • IGBTs insulated gate bipolar transistors
  • other switching transistors may be used to implement bidirectional switching, which is not limited herein, may be determined according to the application environment, and fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • the conversion branch 101 includes: a H-bridge circuit (including S1_1, S2_1, S3_1 and S4_1, or S1_2, S2_2, S3_2 and S4_2, or S1_N, S2_N, S3_N and S4_N as shown in Figure 5 ) and a input-side capacitor (C1_1, C1_2 or C1_N as shown in Figure 5 ).
  • a H-bridge circuit including S1_1, S2_1, S3_1 and S4_1, or S1_2, S2_2, S3_2 and S4_2, or S1_N, S2_N, S3_N and S4_N as shown in Figure 5
  • C1_1, C1_2 or C1_N as shown in Figure 5
  • Two terminals of the input-side capacitor and the two ends of the H-bridge circuit at the direct-current side are connected to the two ends of the input terminal of the conversion branch 101.
  • two terminals of the input-side capacitor C1_1 and two ends of the H-bridge circuit (including S1_1, S2_1, S3_1 and S4_1) at the direct-current side are connected to the two ends of the input terminal of the first conversion branch 101.
  • two terminals of the input-side capacitor C1_2 and the two ends of the H-bridge circuit (including S1_2, S2_2, S3_2 and S4_2) at the direct-current side are connected to the two ends of the input terminal of the second conversion branch 101.
  • N-th conversion branch 101 two terminals of the input-side capacitor C1_N and the two ends of the H-bridge circuit (including S1_N, S2_N, S3_N and S4_N) at the direct-current side are connected to the two ends of the input terminal of the N-th conversion branch 101.
  • the two terminals (A1 and A1', or A2 and A2', or AN and AN' shown in Figure 5 ) of the H-bridge circuit at the alternating-current side serve as two ends of output terminal of the conversion branch 101.
  • transformer 102 can be connected to multiple direct-current power supplies or loads through the cascaded N H-bridge circuits, and secondary-side bridge arm 103 adopts the bidirectional switch to implement a grid connection.
  • Figure 6 shows a topological structure of a micro inverter with a single-stage conversion and two-input.
  • a main circuit of the micro inverter adopts a dual active bridge (DAB) and a bidirectional switch, and implements a conversion between the direct-current power and alternating-current power through single-stage conversion, which improves the efficiency of grid connection.
  • DAB dual active bridge
  • a direct-current power is inputted from a first photovoltaic module, where a direct-current voltage is converted into a pulsating voltage through the high-frequency switches (including S1_1, S2_1, S3_1 and S4_1) of the H-bridge circuit, and a same conversion process is performed on the direct-current power inputted from a second photovoltaic module. Then, as output terminals of the two alternating-current pulsating voltages of the H-bridge circuit are cascaded, the two alternating-current pulsating voltages are inputted to the primary-side winding of the high-frequency dual-winding transformer 102.
  • the primary-side voltage of the transformer 102 is v p
  • the voltage between the two ends B and B' of the input terminal of the secondary-side bridge arm 103 is v s
  • the current of the secondary-side leakage inductor L2 is i L
  • a voltage conversion ratio between the primary side and secondary side of the transformer 102 is 1:N
  • a secondary-side voltage converted from the primary-side voltage is Nv p .
  • a simplified topological structure of the micro inverter is shown in Figure 7 . Therefore, power may be transmitted based on a phase difference between voltages across the secondary-side leakage inductor L2.
  • the switching transistors S5 and S7 of the secondary-side leg 103 performs high-frequency chopping, the switching transistors S6 and S8 are turned on; and during a negative half-cycle of the grid voltage, the switching transistors S5 and S7 in the secondary-side bridge arm 103 are turned on, the switching transistors S6 and S8 performs high-frequency chopping, so that the secondary-side bridge arm 103 converts the output voltage into a pulsating voltage with the grid voltage as an envelope to implement grid connection.
  • the waveform of the signals is as shown in Figure 8 .
  • the single-stage structure shown in Figure 6 may be adopted to improve the efficiency of grid connection of the system. Moreover, with the one-drive-two solution, the structural component is shared, reducing the cost per watt of the system.
  • the cascaded structure implements decoupling among the conversion branches 101. Therefore, the multiple input terminals may be connected to different devices.
  • the control unit controls a phase-shift angle between the H-bridge circuit and the secondary-side bridge arm 103 to be greater than zero, that is, the phase of the H-bridge circuit is ahead of the phase of the secondary-side bridge arm 103, so that the power is transmitted from the direct-current side to the alternating-current side; and in a case that the input terminal of the conversion branch 101 is connected to a load, which includes a device operating in a charge mode, the control unit controls the phase-shift angle between the H-bridge circuit of the conversion branch 101 and the secondary-side bridge arm 103 to be less than zero, that is, the phase of the H-bridge circuit lags the phase of the secondary-side bridge arm 103, so that the power is transmitted from the alternating-current
  • the H-bridge circuits may be controlled independently from each other.
  • An equivalent switching frequency in each of the H-bridge circuits may be a double-frequency, which can implement multiple levels.
  • the direct-current side powers of the H-bridge circuits may be controlled independently from each other by independently controlling power magnitude and current direction.
  • the control unit controls the two ends of the output terminal of the conversion branch 101 to be short-circuited.
  • the control unit may control at least two of the four switching transistors in the H-bridge circuit to be turned on, e.g. controlling the upper bridge arm of the H-bridge circuit to be turned on and the lower bridge arm of the H-bridge circuit to be turned off, or controlling the lower bridge arm to be turned on and the upper bridge arm to be turned off.
  • the control unit may control three of the switching transistors or all of the switching transistors to be turned on.
  • the single-stage dual-input micro inverter shown in Figure 6 is taken as an example.
  • the switching transistors of the H-bridge circuit at the primary side in the conversion branch 101 needs to be adjusted accordingly in order to enable the other conversion branch to operate normally.
  • N equals to another value
  • another conversion branch 101 can operate normally by controlling the switching transistors of the H-bridge circuit at the input side in the conversion branch 101 that is connected with no device, thereby eliminating the effect of the input side of the conversion branch 101 that is connected with no device on the system, thus improving the reliability of the system.
  • the voltage level is low.
  • a voltage of secondary-side bridge arm 103 may be 220V, and an input voltage of each H-bridge circuit at the primary side may be 100V.
  • the power level of the micro inverter is also low, which is suitable for the occasions with a low voltage level and a low power level.
  • the micro inverter is further be provided with a collecting module to collect a grid voltage, a grid-connected current and the input voltage and input current of each of the conversion branches.
  • exemplary units and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software or a combination thereof.
  • the units and steps in the embodiments are described generally in terms of functions in the above description. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints for the technical solution. Those skilled in the art may use different methods for each particular application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered as going beyond the scope of the present disclosure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
EP22929675.1A 2022-03-04 2022-12-30 Mikrowechselrichter Pending EP4429100A4 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210211767.3A CN114553043A (zh) 2022-03-04 2022-03-04 一种微型逆变器
PCT/CN2022/144048 WO2023165253A1 (zh) 2022-03-04 2022-12-30 一种微型逆变器

Publications (2)

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EP4429100A1 true EP4429100A1 (de) 2024-09-11
EP4429100A4 EP4429100A4 (de) 2025-12-24

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