EP4437183A1 - Verfahren zum betreiben einer stopfmaschine und stopfmaschine zur durchführung des verfahrens - Google Patents
Verfahren zum betreiben einer stopfmaschine und stopfmaschine zur durchführung des verfahrensInfo
- Publication number
- EP4437183A1 EP4437183A1 EP22818664.9A EP22818664A EP4437183A1 EP 4437183 A1 EP4437183 A1 EP 4437183A1 EP 22818664 A EP22818664 A EP 22818664A EP 4437183 A1 EP4437183 A1 EP 4437183A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lifting
- controller
- track
- tamping
- activated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
- E01B27/12—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
- E01B27/13—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track
- E01B27/16—Sleeper-tamping machines
- E01B27/17—Sleeper-tamping machines combined with means for lifting, levelling or slewing the track
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2203/00—Devices for working the railway-superstructure
- E01B2203/12—Tamping devices
- E01B2203/125—Tamping devices adapted for switches or crossings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a tamping machine on a track, comprising a tamping unit, a lifting/aligning unit, a measuring system with a sensor and a control/regulating device, the lifting/aligning unit depending on a detected track position is controlled with the control / regulating device in such a way that a processed track section is raised to a target level during a lifting time. Furthermore, the invention relates to a tamping machine for carrying out the method.
- Tamping machines have been known for a long time and are used to produce or repair a predetermined track position of a track mounted in a ballast bed.
- the track is driven over with the tamping machine, with a lifting/aligning unit lifting a track section located between two rail chassis.
- the completed lifting is recorded using the machine's own measuring system.
- the lifting drives of the lifting/straightening unit are controlled with a control/regulating device, the track being raised to a predetermined target level in a control loop.
- Such a method is known from AT 369455 B, for example.
- the object of the invention is to improve a method of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that an efficient lifting process can also be carried out in a switch. It is also an object of the invention to specify a corresponding tamping machine.
- the first controller is activated in a first lifting mode for standard operation and the second controller is activated in a second lifting mode for points.
- the respective controller is optimized for the assigned controlled system.
- the first regulator is used on a simple track, where the track grid consisting of sleepers and two rails is lifted.
- the second controller is used in a switch where the controlled system has different characteristics. This achieves approximately the same lifting duration and control quality for both control systems.
- the controllers can be adjusted in such a way that there is no overstressing of the machine and the track or points in both lifting modes. For example, higher lifting forces occur in the second lifting mode, which could lead to overstressing or severe overshooting in single track.
- a P controller is activated as the first controller and a PD, PI or PID controller is activated as the second controller.
- the P controller proportional controller
- the PD, PI or PID controller controller with proportional part and integrating part or with integrating and differentiating part
- the first controller can also make sense for the first controller to be in the form of a PD, PI or PID controller. In this way, a more precise control of the lifting/straightening unit can also be ensured in the track area.
- an elevation of the track detected by the sensor is compared with a predetermined threshold value, with an electronic release for lowering the tamping unit into a ballast bed of the track being generated as soon as the elevation reaches the threshold value.
- the release for lowering the tamping unit is reported to an operator by means of a release signal, whereupon a vertical drive of the tamping unit is activated by the operator.
- a vertical drive of the tamping unit is activated by the operator.
- the operator is informed acoustically and/or visually that the desired lift has taken place or that a predetermined threshold depending on the desired lift (e.g. 90%) has been reached.
- a vertical drive of the tamping unit is activated automatically as soon as the release for lowering the tamping unit is given. This variant makes sense if the method is used as part of an automated tamping process or using an assistance system.
- the first lifting mode or the second lifting mode is advantageously activated by means of an operating element. In this way, an operator can switch back and forth between the two lifting modes at any time become. In this case, the operator is preferably shown which lifting mode is more suitable for the situation at hand.
- a lifting force and/or a lifting duration acting on the track from the lifting/aligning unit and, if necessary, from an additional lifting unit is advantageously recorded, with automatic switching from one lifting mode to the other lifting mode when a threshold value is reached. This relieves the operator and leads to a quick and safe selection of the right lifting mode.
- the control/regulating device is given position data of the track for switching from one lifting mode to the other lifting mode.
- position data stored in an electronic memory and a comparison with a recorded actual position, switching between the two lifting modes can be carried out reliably.
- a sensor arranged on the tamping machine is preferably used to detect the start or end of a switch, with a corresponding signal being forwarded to the control/regulating device. This achieves a degree of automation that largely relieves a user. The processes that are running automatically are displayed to the user for monitoring, with it being possible to intervene in a process if necessary.
- at least two controllers are set up in the control/regulating device, the first controller being assigned to a first lifting mode for standard operation and the second controller being assigned to a second lifting mode for switches. With such a tamping machine, an optimal lifting process can be carried out when correcting the track position for all sections of a track system.
- a P controller is advantageously set up as the first controller in the control/regulating device and a PD, PI or PID controller is set up as the second controller. Both controllers are set up in such a way that high control quality with a short rise time is achieved for the respective controlled system. Overall, this leads to short tamping cycle times and short processing times both on a track section and in a switch.
- the second controller preferably comprises a parallel connection of a P element, an I element and a D element. This allows flexible adjustment of the second controller to the points to be processed. The individual members of the controller can be changed separately in order to optimize the controller's characteristics.
- a sensor in particular a camera, a 2D laser scanner and/or a 3D laser scanner, is arranged in a working direction in front of the lifting/aligning unit to detect points.
- the tamping process can be largely automated. In particular, the beginning and end of a switch is recognized so that a switchover between the two lifting modes takes place automatically.
- Fig. 1 tamping machine on a track
- the tamping machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a machine frame 2 which is supported on rail chassis 3 and can be moved on a track 4 .
- the track 4 has a track grid formed from sleepers 5 and rails 6 fastened thereon, which is mounted in a ballast bed 7 . Sections of track 4 are divided into simple track sections, switches and crossings. When correcting the position of such a track system, the tamping machine 1 has to process different sections of track, in particular simple track sections and points.
- a lifting/aligning unit 8 and a tamping unit 9 are arranged on the machine frame 2 of the tamping machine 1 .
- An additional lifting unit 10 is used to lift a branching line in a switch.
- a section of track or a switch is lifted by the lifting/straightening unit 8 and, if necessary, by the additional lifting unit 10 in relation to a machine-specific measuring system 11.
- this measuring system 11 comprises wire cords 12, which are guided over each rail 6 between the track 4 Measuring wheel axles 13 are stretched.
- Other measuring systems 11 can also be used for the present method, in particular optical measuring systems which have optical measuring chords and camera systems with pattern recognition.
- the measuring system 11 includes a sensor 14, which detects the height of the track 4 in the area of the lifting/aligning unit 8.
- a further measuring wheel axle 13 is arranged, with which changes in distance of the rails 6 relative to the wire tendons 12 serving as reference elements are determined via linkage.
- the measuring value transmitter 14 comprises a rotary potentiometer which is positively engaged with the respective wire tendon 12 via fork-shaped sensors.
- the measuring value transmitter 14 is, for example, an image sensor for evaluating optical signals.
- a control/regulating device 15 is provided for controlling the lifting/aligning unit 8 .
- the hydraulic lifting drives 16 of the lifting / straightening unit 8 are assigned.
- a control circuit is set up to raise a track section or a switch. The system of track or points and the lifting arrangement forms a controlled system that can be affected by various disturbances.
- a lift which is detected by means of the measuring value sensor 14, is used in particular as a controlled variable.
- a corresponding measured value 17 of the lift is fed back and compared with a target lift value 18 as a reference variable.
- the target lifting value 18 results from a desired track position and is specified to the control/regulating device 15, for example by means of a master computer.
- the control deviation resulting from measured value 17 and setpoint lifting value 18 serves as an input for a controller 19, which is designed, for example, as a P controller (Fig. 2).
- a control signal 20 is present at the output of the controller 19, for example a control voltage for a hydraulic valve of the lifting drive 16. In this way, the track section currently being worked on is raised to a desired level in a controlled lifting process.
- the input signal for the controllers 19, 21 is a control deviation formed from the measured value 17 and the setpoint lifting value 18.
- the first controller 19 is, for example, a P-controller (P-element 22), which generates an actuating signal 20 at the output for the first lifting mode for standard processing of track sections.
- the second controller 21 is a PID controller, for example, with a parallel connection of a P element 22, an I element 23 and a D element 24. These elements 22, 23, 24 of the second controller 21 are matched to one another, in order to achieve an optimal lifting of a point. The sum of the output signals forms the manipulated variable 20 generated by the second controller 21.
- a selection signal 25 and a switching element 26 By means of a selection signal 25 and a switching element 26, one of the outputs of the two controllers 19, 21 is activated so that either the first lifting mode for standard operation or the second lifting mode for switches is activated.
- the selection signal is 25 by means of a control element.
- an operator I has a clear view of the route to be processed.
- a camera 29 for detecting the track 4 is arranged in a working direction 28 in front of the lifting and straightening unit 8 .
- the recordings are transmitted in real time to a computer 30 in which analysis software is set up. Pattern recognition is used to automatically recognize where a switch area begins and where it ends.
- the current positions of the lifting/aligning unit 8 and the additional lifting unit 10 with respect to a recognized switch are known via a path measuring device 31 .
- 2D laser scanners 32 which are positioned above the rails 6, also serve as sensors for detecting a switch. This means that switch tongues, branching rails or switch hearts are detected.
- a 3D laser scanner (rotation scanner) 33 arranged on the front side of the tamping machine 1 captures a three-dimensional image of the track area traveled on, from which the start and end of a switch can also be determined.
- Another tool is a GNSS receiver 34, with which the exact position of the tamping machine 1 is determined via a navigation satellite system. Position data from switches are stored in the control/regulating device 15, so that a comparison with the current position detects when the machine 1 enters a switch or leaves it.
- a load cell for example, is arranged to measure the lifting force.
- a pressure sensor 35 which measures the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic lifting drives of the lifting/aligning unit 8 is also suitable as a sensor for detecting the lifting force. For example, in standard operation, a lifting force of approx. 100 kN reached. This corresponds to a hydraulic pressure of approx. 100 bar. On a simple stretch of track, this results in a lifting time of 0.5-1 seconds. Approximately double the lifting force is achieved in a switch, resulting in a lifting time of 1-4 seconds.
- a comparator 36 compares a measured lifting force value 37 with a lifting force limit value 38.
- a message signal 39 indicates that a predetermined target lifting value 18 has been reached. As soon as a corresponding message is received, the lifting mode is determined. If at this point in time the lifting force measured value 37 is less than or equal to the lifting force limit value 38, the comparator 36 produces a selection signal 25 for activating the first lifting mode for standard operation. However, if the lifting force measured value 37 is greater than the lifting force limit value 38 at this point in time, a selection signal 25 for activating the second lifting mode for switches is present at the output of the comparator 36 .
- the predetermined lifting force limit value 38 is, for example, in a range from 100 kN to 130 kN, preferably 110 kN.
- a display 41 is arranged in an operator's cabin 40, in which the results of the sensors 29, 32, 33, 35 and the automated selection of the lifting modes are displayed.
- the operator I can also be made aware of certain processes by means of acoustic messages.
- the operator ZI is displayed when a lift has reached a predetermined threshold value (e.g. 95%) and the tamping unit 9 is released.
- a vertical drive 42 of the tamping unit 9 is activated either by the operator ZI or automatically.
- the tamping unit 9 thus only dives into the ballast bed 7 when the lifting has progressed sufficiently. This ensures a continuous tamping process, in which the immersion process is immediately followed by a process of adding the tamping tools 43 . In this way, both the tamping unit 9 and the ballast bed 7 are protected.
- An acoustic warning device 44 is arranged on the tamping machine 1 in order to warn further operating personnel before activation of the tamping unit 9 .
- an optical warning device 45 can be attached be. This ensures that an automated tamping process does not endanger anyone on track 4.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATA50929/2021A AT525706B1 (de) | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Stopfmaschine |
| PCT/EP2022/082263 WO2023089023A1 (de) | 2021-11-22 | 2022-11-17 | Verfahren zum betreiben einer stopfmaschine und stopfmaschine zur durchführung des verfahrens |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4437183A1 true EP4437183A1 (de) | 2024-10-02 |
| EP4437183B1 EP4437183B1 (de) | 2025-07-23 |
| EP4437183C0 EP4437183C0 (de) | 2025-07-23 |
Family
ID=84439794
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22818664.9A Active EP4437183B1 (de) | 2021-11-22 | 2022-11-17 | Verfahren zum betreiben einer stopfmaschine und stopfmaschine zur durchführung des verfahrens |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250012017A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4437183B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2024540612A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118251529A (de) |
| AT (1) | AT525706B1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023089023A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT329106B (de) * | 1971-08-23 | 1975-07-15 | Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz | Fahrbare gleisnivellier-stopfmaschine |
| AT369455B (de) | 1981-02-02 | 1983-01-10 | Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz | Nivellier-gleisstopfmaschine mit automatischer stopfdruckregelung |
| AT516590B1 (de) * | 2014-11-28 | 2017-01-15 | System 7 - Railsupport GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verdichten der Schotterbettung eines Gleises |
| AT518692B1 (de) * | 2016-06-13 | 2019-02-15 | Plasser & Theurer Exp Von Bahnbaumaschinen G M B H | Verfahren und System zur Instandhaltung eines Fahrwegs für Schienenfahrzeuge |
-
2021
- 2021-11-22 AT ATA50929/2021A patent/AT525706B1/de active
-
2022
- 2022-11-17 WO PCT/EP2022/082263 patent/WO2023089023A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-11-17 CN CN202280076037.5A patent/CN118251529A/zh active Pending
- 2022-11-17 JP JP2024529954A patent/JP2024540612A/ja active Pending
- 2022-11-17 US US18/712,350 patent/US20250012017A1/en active Pending
- 2022-11-17 EP EP22818664.9A patent/EP4437183B1/de active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT525706A1 (de) | 2023-06-15 |
| EP4437183B1 (de) | 2025-07-23 |
| JP2024540612A (ja) | 2024-10-31 |
| EP4437183C0 (de) | 2025-07-23 |
| AT525706B1 (de) | 2024-05-15 |
| US20250012017A1 (en) | 2025-01-09 |
| WO2023089023A1 (de) | 2023-05-25 |
| CN118251529A (zh) | 2024-06-25 |
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