EP4437194B1 - Système de construction modulaire pour construction d'unités de logement temporaires pour situations d'urgence, et procédé de construction d'unités de logement temporaire pour situations d'urgence - Google Patents

Système de construction modulaire pour construction d'unités de logement temporaires pour situations d'urgence, et procédé de construction d'unités de logement temporaire pour situations d'urgence

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Publication number
EP4437194B1
EP4437194B1 EP22814186.7A EP22814186A EP4437194B1 EP 4437194 B1 EP4437194 B1 EP 4437194B1 EP 22814186 A EP22814186 A EP 22814186A EP 4437194 B1 EP4437194 B1 EP 4437194B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
modular
frame element
hinges
articulated
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP22814186.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4437194C0 (fr
EP4437194A1 (fr
Inventor
Luca Antonio Ignazio Bonifacio
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP4437194A1 publication Critical patent/EP4437194A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4437194C0 publication Critical patent/EP4437194C0/fr
Publication of EP4437194B1 publication Critical patent/EP4437194B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/344—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts
    • E04B1/3441—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts with articulated bar-shaped elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34315—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
    • E04B1/34321—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts mainly constituted by panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
    • E04H1/1205—Small buildings erected in the open air
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34305—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport telescopic
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34336—Structures movable as a whole, e.g. mobile home structures
    • E04B1/34352—Base structures or supporting means therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34384—Assembling details for foldable, separable, collapsible or retractable structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/344—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts
    • E04B1/3445—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts foldable in a flat stack of parallel panels
    • E04B1/3447—Portal- or saddle-shaped structures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a modular constructional system for the construction of accommodations and other temporary buildings suitable for various services, such as community spaces, schools, warehouses, field kitchens, sanitary facilities, etc., in emergency situations such as earthquakes, floods or other natural disasters.
  • the containers are much more expensive than tents and, due to their considerable weight, require the use of trucks and cranes to be transported and installed, and if the disaster area is difficult to access, setting up camps made up of such structures can also prove to be very difficult.
  • the hinges that allow the mobility of the articulated frames are not structural elements capable of contributing to the stability of and to maintaining the structure in the mounted position and, therefore, special brackets are necessary for stiffening and maintaining each frame in an operative position with respect to the housing unit itself and with respect to the adjacent frames.
  • the elements making up said articulated frames have a rigid structure of preset dimensions and therefore, once arranged in an operative position, it is not possible to vary either the height of the side walls of the housing unit, or the height and the inclination of the roof sides.
  • the modules since for obvious reasons of habitability the modules must have a minimum height to be respected (usually not less than 2 metres at the side walls and 2.80 metres at the roof ridge), once the articulated frames are placed in the operative position, the mutual fixing of the elements forming the roof structure, as well as the positioning and fixing of the panelling that will make up the closure of the roof itself, necessarily require the use of ladders to allow workers to work at this height.
  • the general aim of the present invention is to overcome the aforesaid drawbacks by providing a modular constructional system for the construction of temporary housing units for emergency situations, such as accommodations and other buildings suitable for various services, such as community spaces, schools, warehouses, field kitchens, sanitary facilities, etc., based on modular articulated frames that combine lightness, reduced overall dimensions when in a folded or non-operative position, ease of extension in an operative position for mounting the housing units, which allow mounting workers to assemble the various frames working at man's height without the need to use ladders, which guarantee a stable positioning in an operative configuration without the need for fixing or stiffening brackets, and which also allow for great flexibility of construction with regard to the height of the walls and the inclination of the roof sides with the same floor surface.
  • housing unit in this patent text is understood in an equivalent manner to mean both a building intended to constitute a temporary accommodation for people living there during an emergency situation, and a building suitable for being used for various services, such as community spaces, schools, warehouses, field kitchens, sanitary facilities, etc., during said emergency situation.
  • a housing unit realized with the modular constructional system according to the invention is shown, by way of example and indicated with the reference number 10, in Fig. 12 .
  • the housing unit 10 is made by assembling a plurality of modular articulated frames 11, as will be described in more detail below.
  • Fig. 1 shows a modular articulated frame 11 constituted by a first frame element 12 intended to assume, when in operative condition, a horizontal position at the base of the modular articulated frame 11 to form part of the bearing structure of the floor of the housing unit 10, by a second frame element 13, hinged to the first frame element 12 and intended to assume, when in operative condition, a substantially vertical position to form part of the bearing structure of the side walls of the housing unit 10, and by a third frame element 14, hinged to the second frame element 13 and intended to assume, when in operative condition, an inclined position at the upper part of the modular articulated frame 11 to form part of the bearing structure of the pitched roof of the housing unit 10.
  • the first frame element 12 is also arranged for application of a plurality of height-adjustable ground-resting feet 15, intended as will be seen below to keep the flooring of the housing unit 10 raised from the ground and in a perfectly horizontal position regardless of the presence of any slight irregularities of the ground surface on which the housing unit itself is installed.
  • the second frame element 13 and the third frame element 14 have, in their non-operative condition, shape and dimensions substantially similar to each other, but shorter length and width than the first frame element 12.
  • the second frame element 13 and the third frame element 14 remain contained, superimposed on each other in a horizontal position, inside the contour of the first frame element 12, with evident optimization of the overall dimensions.
  • the first frame element 12 is generically rectangular in shape, with a first longitudinal bar 16 and a second longitudinal bar 17 being arranged respectively at the two longer sides of the rectangle, oriented in the direction of extension of the modular articulated frame 11 from a folded non-operative condition to an extended operative condition, and with a first crosspiece 18 and a second crosspiece 19 being arranged respectively at the two shorter sides of the rectangle, oriented orthogonally to the longitudinal bars.
  • the first crosspiece 18 is intended to be located, when the modular articulated frame 11 is in the operative position, at the centreline of the floor of the housing unit 10, while the second crosspiece 19 is located at the hinging between the first frame element 12 and the second frame element 13.
  • the second frame element 13 in turn is generically rectangular in shape, with a first longitudinal bar 20 and a second longitudinal bar 21 being arranged respectively at the two longer sides of the rectangle, and with a first crosspiece 22 and a second crosspiece 23 being arranged respectively at the two shorter sides of the rectangle.
  • the first crosspiece 22 is located at the hinging between the first frame element 12 and the second frame element 13 (thus adjacent to the second crosspiece 19 of the first frame element 12), while the second crosspiece 23 is located at the hinging between the second frame element 13 and the third frame element 14.
  • the third frame element 14 is also generically rectangular in shape (advantageously, as explained above, with dimensions similar to the second frame element 13), with a first longitudinal bar 24 and a second longitudinal bar 25 being arranged respectively at the two longer sides of the rectangle and with a first crosspiece 26 and a second crosspiece 27 being arranged respectively at the two shorter sides of the rectangle.
  • the first crosspiece 26 is located at the hinging between the second frame element 13 and the third frame element 14 (thus adjacent to the second crosspiece 23 of the second frame element 13), while the second crosspiece 27 is intended to be located, when the modular articulated frame 11 is in operative position, at the roof ridge.
  • the longitudinal bars 16, 17, 20, 21, 24, 25 of the three frame elements 12, 13, 14 are advantageously made of tubular profiles, both for reasons of reduction of the overall weight of the structure and for operative reasons as will be better explained below.
  • first frame element 12 and the second frame element 13 are mutual rotation between the first frame element 12 and the second frame element 13 .
  • first hinges 28, 28' connecting the two frame elements 12, 13 together, advantageously at the respective first longitudinal bars 16, 20 and at the respective second longitudinal bars 17, 21, as shown schematically in the exploded view of Fig. 6 .
  • the hinge 28 is constituted by two wings 29, 30, adapted to couple respectively with the first longitudinal bar 16 of the first frame element 12 and with the first longitudinal bar 20 of the second frame element 13 (advantageously inserting within the respective tubular profiles), and by a central hinging portion or pin 31, adapted to define the axis around which said wings 29, 30 can mutually rotate.
  • the hinge 28' is constituted by two wings 29', 30', adapted to couple respectively with the second longitudinal bar 17 of the first frame element 12 and with the second longitudinal bar 21 of the second frame element 13 (also inserting within the respective tubular profiles), and by a central hinging portion or pin 31', adapted to define the axis around which said wings 29', 30' can mutually rotate.
  • the two central hinging pins 31, 31' together identify the mutual axis of rotation of the two frame elements 12, 13.
  • the two wings 29, 30 of the hinge 28 are not coplanar, but offset in a manner corresponding to the distance between the axes of the tubular profiles constituting the pairs of longitudinal bars 16, 20 and 17, 21 of the frame elements 12, 13.
  • a detail of such a hinge configuration is shown in Fig. 11 .
  • the mutual rotation between the second frame element 13 and the third frame element 14 is ensured by a pair of second hinges 32, 32' connecting the two frame elements 13, 14 together, advantageously at the respective first longitudinal bars 20, 24 and at the respective second longitudinal bars 21, 25, as shown schematically in the exploded view of Fig. 7 .
  • the hinge 32 is constituted by two wings 33, 34, adapted to couple respectively with the first longitudinal bar 20 of the second frame element 13 and with the first longitudinal bar 24 of the third frame element 14 (advantageously inserting within the respective tubular profiles), and by a central hinging portion or pin 35, adapted to define the axis around which said wings 33, 34 can mutually rotate.
  • the hinge 32' is constituted by two wings 33', 34', adapted to couple respectively with the second longitudinal bar 21 of the second frame element 13 and with the second longitudinal bar 25 of the third frame element 14 (also inserting within the respective tubular profiles), and by a central hinging portion or pin 35', adapted to define the axis around which said wings 33', 34' can mutually rotate.
  • the two central hinging pins 35, 35' together identify the mutual axis of rotation of the two frame elements 13, 14.
  • the two wings 33, 34 of the hinge 32 (as well as the two wings 33', 34' of the hinge 32') are arranged coplanar with each other.
  • a detail of such a hinge configuration is shown in Fig. 9 .
  • the third frame element 14 is arranged to receive, at its second crosspiece 27 (i.e. the portion of the modular articulated frame 11 intended to be located, when in operative position, at the roof ridge), a pair of third hinges 36, 36' connecting together the third frame elements 14 of two modular articulated frames 11 mutually faced to form a modular portion of the housing unit, advantageously at the respective first longitudinal bars 24, 24 and at the respective second longitudinal bars 25, 25, as shown schematically in the exploded view of Fig. 8 .
  • the hinge 36 is constituted by two wings 37, 38, adapted to couple respectively with the first longitudinal bar 24 of one of the two frame elements 14 mutually faced and with the first longitudinal bar 24 of the other of the two frame elements 14 mutually faced (advantageously inserting within the respective tubular profiles), and by a central hinging portion or pin 39, adapted to define the axis around which said wings 37, 38 can mutually rotate.
  • the hinge 36' is constituted by two wings 37', 38', adapted to couple respectively with the second longitudinal bar 25 of one of the two frame elements 14 mutually faced and with the second longitudinal bar 25 of the other of the two frame elements 14 mutually faced (also inserting within the respective tubular profiles), and by a central hinging portion or pin 39', adapted to define the axis around which said wings 37', 38' can mutually rotate.
  • the two wings 37, 38 of the hinge 36 (as well as the two wings 37', 38' of the hinge 36') are arranged coplanar with each other.
  • the hinges 28, 28', 32, 32', 36, 36' that achieve the mutual mobility of the frame elements 12, 13, 14 that make up the modular articulated frame (as well as the mutual mobility of the two frame elements 14 mutually faced to form the bearing structure of the pitched roof of the housing unit) are so-called "structural" hinges, i.e. hinges that allow the stable fixing of the desired rotation angle between the frame elements connected by them, so as to permanently maintain the structure of the housing unit in the design configuration without the need to use special angular brackets with predetermined shape as it was the case in the structure described in the aforesaid Italian patent application No. 102018000008277 .
  • the hinges may for example be of the so-called "Hirth joint” type, wherein the central hinging portions 31, 31', 35, 35', 39, 39' consist of two halves each having a frontal toothed crown 40 adapted to engage the frontal toothed crown of the other half, as shown in detail in Figures 9, 10 and 11 .
  • the adjustment of the angular position of the hinges takes place by loosening the tightening screws 41 so as to be able to move the two toothed crowns 40 away from each other and to rotate them to the desired angle, then engaging them again in the chosen angular position and definitively tightening the screws 41.
  • the number of teeth of the crown defines a plurality of preset angular positions for stable locking of the adjustable hinge.
  • the longitudinal bars 20, 21 and 24, 25 of the second and respectively of the third frame element 13, 14 are extensible in length, so as to be able to vary the length of said rectangular frame elements as required.
  • the extensibility of the longitudinal bars 20, 21 of the second frame element 13 makes it possible to adjust the height of the side walls of the housing unit.
  • a plurality of modular articulated frames 11 the total number of which depends on the dimensions envisaged for the housing unit 10, together with a plurality of height-adjustable resting feet 15 intended to maintain the flooring of the housing unit raised from the ground and in a perfectly horizontal position regardless of the presence of any slight irregularities of the ground surface on which the housing unit itself is installed.
  • the modular articulated frames 11 are positioned, on the resting feet 15, in pairs of articulated frames faced each other to form a modular portion 50 of the housing unit to be built, as shown in greater detail in Fig. 3.1 .
  • the modular articulated frames 11 can be fixed on the resting feet 15 previously arranged on the ground in suitable number and position, as schematically indicated in Fig. 4.1 , or the resting feet 15 can be firstly fixed to the frame element 12 of each modular articulated frame 11 and then the various modular articulated frames 11 provided with feet 15 can be arranged on the ground until obtaining the arrangement of Fig. 4.2 .
  • Figures 4.3 and 4.4 illustrate this step of extending all modular articulated frames 11 to bring the respective second and third frame elements 13, 14 to a vertical position.
  • the second frame elements 13 are in a (vertical) position suitable for forming part of the side wall structure of the housing unit 10.
  • the second frame elements 13 of each modular articulated frame 11 are made integral with each other (with suitable fixing means, such as bolts or other) to give solidity and stability to the side wall structure of the housing unit.
  • the third frame element 14 is further lifted, through rotation of the second hinges 32, 32', until it assumes the horizontal position shown in Fig. 3.3 , where the third frame elements 14 of the pair of articulated frames 11 mutually faced to form a modular portion 50 of the housing unit are aligned and coplanar.
  • Figures 4.5 and 4.6 illustrate this step of further lifting all the third frame elements 14 up to the aforesaid horizontal position.
  • appropriate floor panels 42 may be applied on the first frame elements 12 of the modular articulated frames 11, as shown in Fig. 3.4 for the single modular portion 50 and in Fig. 4.7 for the entire structure of the housing unit 10, so that mounting workers can work comfortably and under safety conditions in the structure being assembled.
  • the floor panels 42 may be mounted also in previous steps, for example after bringing the second and third frame elements 13, 14 together to a vertical position, prior to further lifting the third frame elements 14.
  • each modular portion 50 is stably formed by the respective pair of modular articulated frames 11 mutually faced and connected by the hinges 36, 36' arranged at the portion intended to form the roof ridge.
  • the roof ridge i.e. the area of the third hinges 36, 36'
  • the second hinges 32, 32' at the upper end of the walls at the same height.
  • Figures 4.10 and 4.11 illustrate this step of further lifting all the third frame elements 14 until the desired inclination of the roof sides of the housing unit 10 is reached.
  • each modular articulated frame 11 can be made integral with each other (with appropriate fixing means, such as bolts or other) to give solidity and stability to the roof structure of the housing unit.
  • Fig. 4.12 shows the structure of the housing unit 10 with all the modular portions 50 in the final configuration of Fig. 3.6 .
  • the structure of the housing unit 10 can be completed, by closing with suitable profiles the spaces that may exist between the longitudinal bars of the adjacent frame elements at the side walls and at the roof sides (since, as we have seen, said frame elements 13, 14 have a width less than the first frame element 12 in order to be able to be inserted at least partially within the latter when the modular articulated frame 11 is folded in non-operative condition), by applying side wall panels 43 on the second frame elements 13, roof panels 44 on the third frame elements 14, as well as frontal walls 45 closing the front and rear sides of the housing unit, provided with doors and windows according to the design, as schematically illustrated in Fig. 12 .
  • suitable doors and windows can be provided also at the side walls of the housing unit.
  • the frame structure 11 for the floor, for the side walls and for the roof, highly thick insulated panels can be used, practically up to the thickness of the bars and of the crosspieces of the frames themselves, thus guaranteeing thermal, hygienic and habitability conditions comparable to those of a traditional prefabricated building.
  • said modular constructional system for the construction of housing units according to the invention makes it possible to achieve the set objectives.
  • said modular constructional system combines lightness and reduced overall dimensions of the articulated frames when they are in folded or non-operative position, ease of mounting that allows operators to assemble the various frames working at man's height without the need to use ladders, and a considerable rigidity and stability of the structure without the need for special stiffening brackets to keep the structure in the envisaged shape, apart from the use of normal means for mutual connection among adjacent modules, such as bolts or the like.
  • the extensibility of the longitudinal bars of the frame elements guarantees a high flexibility with regard to the shape and to the dimensions of the structure: in fact, by playing on the values of the telescopic extensions of the side wall frames and of the roof frames, as well as on the lockability of the hinges at a plurality of preset angular positions, it is possible, with the same modular articulated frame, to realize housing units with walls of different height with the same width of the structure and height and inclination of the roof, or different heights and inclinations of the roof with the same width of the structure and height of the walls, or a combination of both.
  • both the second and third frame elements 13, 14 could be extensible: with only the second frame element 13 being telescopically extensible and the third frame element 14 with fixed geometry, it is possible to make structures with roof having fixed inclination and height-varying side walls; conversely, with only the third frame element 14 being telescopically extensible and the second frame element 13 with fixed geometry, it is possible to make structures with side walls having fixed height and with a roof having a different height of the ridge and inclination of the pitches.
  • the mutual fixing of adjacent frame elements in the plurality of side-by-side modular portions 50 can be carried out at different constructional steps compared to what described above by way of example, if this is considered more appropriate for an optimal execution of the construction site activity.
  • substantially vertical arrangement of the side walls can also be understood to mean configurations that are not exactly equal to 90° with respect to the ground, but also with slight inclinations that are in any case close to this value, should this be deemed necessary for special design requirements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Système de construction modulaire pour la construction d'unités d'habitation temporaire pour des situations d'urgence, réalisé par l'assemblage d'une pluralité de cadres modulaires articulés (11), chaque cadre modulaire articulé (11) étant déployable d'un état replié non fonctionnel à un état déployé fonctionnel et étant composé d'un premier élément de cadre (12) de forme rectangulaire, destiné à prendre, lorsque le cadre modulaire articulé (11) est dans l'état déployé fonctionnel, une position horizontale au niveau de la base du cadre modulaire articulé pour former une partie de la structure de plancher de l'unité d'habitation, d'un deuxième élément de cadre (13) de forme rectangulaire, articulé avec le premier élément de cadre (12) et destiné à prendre, lorsque le cadre modulaire articulé (11) est dans l'état déployé fonctionnel, une position sensiblement verticale pour former une partie de la structure de paroi latérale de l'unité d'habitation, et d'un troisième élément de cadre (14) de forme rectangulaire, articulé avec le deuxième élément de cadre (13) et destiné à prendre, lorsque le cadre modulaire articulé (11) est dans l'état déployé fonctionnel, une position inclinée au niveau de la partie supérieure du cadre modulaire articulé pour former une partie de la structure de toit en pente de l'unité d'habitation, chaque élément de cadre (11, 12, 13) rectangulaire ayant une paire de barres longitudinales orientées dans la direction de déploiement du cadre modulaire articulé (11) de l'état replié non fonctionnel à l'état déployé fonctionnel et une paire de traverses orientées orthogonalement auxdites barres longitudinales, caractérisé en ce que les barres longitudinales (24, 25) d'au moins ledit troisième élément de cadre (14) sont déployables de manière télescopique en longueur et en ce que les charnières de liaison (28, 28', 32, 32') respectivement entre les premier et deuxième éléments de cadre (12, 13) et entre les deuxième et troisième éléments de cadre (13, 14) sont des charnières structurelles, réglables pour se verrouiller de manière stable dans une pluralité de positions angulaires prédéfinies lorsque le cadre modulaire articulé (11) est dans l'état déployé fonctionnel.
  2. Système de construction modulaire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les barres longitudinales (20, 21, 24, 25) des deux dits deuxième et troisième éléments de cadre (13, 14) sont déployables de manière télescopique en longueur.
  3. Système de construction modulaire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'articulation entre le premier élément de cadre (12) et le deuxième élément de cadre (13) est réalisée en correspondance d'une traverse (19) du premier élément de cadre (12) et d'une première traverse (22) adjacente du deuxième élément de cadre (13), au moyen d'une paire de premières charnières (28, 28') reliant lesdits éléments de cadre (12, 13) ensemble au niveau des premières barres longitudinales (16, 20) respectives et au niveau des deuxièmes barres longitudinales (17, 21) respectives, tandis que l'articulation entre le deuxième élément de cadre (13) et le troisième élément de cadre (14) est réalisée en correspondance d'une deuxième traverse (23) du deuxième élément de cadre (13) et d'une première traverse (26) adjacente du troisième élément de cadre (14), au moyen d'une paire de deuxièmes charnières (32, 32') reliant lesdits éléments de cadre (13, 14) ensemble au niveau des premières barres longitudinales (20, 24) respectives et des deuxièmes barres longitudinales (21, 25) respectives.
  4. Système de construction modulaire selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le troisième élément de cadre (14) du cadre modulaire articulé (11) reçoit, en correspondance de sa deuxième traverse (27), une paire de troisièmes charnières (36, 36') pour une liaison avec le troisième élément de cadre (14) d'un cadre modulaire articulé (11) qui est en regard de celui-ci pour former une portion modulaire (50) de l'unité d'habitation, lesdites troisièmes charnières (36, 36') reliant ensemble les deux cadres modulaires articulés (11) en regard au niveau des premières barres longitudinales (24) et au niveau des deuxièmes barres longitudinales (25) des troisièmes éléments de cadre (14) respectifs.
  5. Système de construction modulaire selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que, également, lesdites troisièmes charnières (36, 36') sont des charnières structurelles, réglables pour se verrouiller de manière stable dans une pluralité de positions angulaires prédéfinies lorsque le cadre modulaire articulé (11) est dans l'état déployé fonctionnel.
  6. Système de construction modulaire selon les revendications 1 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que lesdites charnières (28, 28', 32, 32', 36, 36') pour une liaison entre les éléments de cadre des cadres modulaires articulés (11) sont chacune constituées d'une paire d'ailes (29-30, 29'-30', 33-34, 33'-34', 37-38, 37'-38') conçues pour se coupler avec les barres longitudinales respectives des éléments de cadre et d'une portion d'articulation centrale (31, 31', 35, 35', 39, 39') conçue pour définir l'axe de rotation mutuel des éléments de cadre.
  7. Système de construction modulaire selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les portions d'articulation centrales (31, 31', 35, 35', 39, 39') des charnières (28, 28', 32, 32', 36, 36') pour une liaison entre les éléments de cadre des cadres modulaires articulés (11) consistent en deux moitiés ayant chacune une couronne dentée frontale (40) conçue pour se mettre en prise avec la couronne dentée frontale de l'autre moitié pour se verrouiller de manière stable dans une pluralité de positions angulaires prédéfinies lorsque le cadre modulaire articulé (11) est dans l'état déployé fonctionnel.
  8. Système de construction modulaire selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la traverse (19) du premier élément de cadre (12) en correspondance de l'articulation entre le premier élément de cadre (12) et le deuxième élément de cadre (13) consiste en une barre de liaison entre lesdites premières charnières (28, 28') qui réalisent l'articulation entre le premier élément de cadre (12) et le deuxième élément de cadre (13).
  9. Système de construction modulaire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième élément de cadre (13) et le troisième élément de cadre (14) possèdent, dans l'état replié non fonctionnel du cadre modulaire articulé (11), une forme et des dimensions similaires l'un à l'autre, mais une longueur et une largeur plus courtes que le premier élément de cadre (12) afin d'être au moins partiellement aptes à être insérées, superposés l'un sur l'autre dans une position horizontale, à l'intérieur du contour du premier élément de cadre (12).
  10. Système de construction modulaire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le premier élément de cadre (12) est également approprié pour l'application d'une pluralité de pieds d'appui au sol réglables en hauteur (15).
  11. Procédé pour la construction d'unités d'habitation temporaire pour des situations d'urgence, à l'aide d'un système de construction modulaire selon la revendication 4, dans lequel le procédé comprend les étapes de :
    - la fourniture d'une pluralité de cadres modulaires articulés (11), dans lequel chaque cadre modulaire articulé (11) est composé d'un premier élément de cadre (12) de forme rectangulaire, destiné à prendre, lorsque le cadre modulaire articulé (11) est dans l'état déployé fonctionnel, une position horizontale au niveau de la base du cadre modulaire articulé pour former une partie de la structure de plancher de l'unité d'habitation, d'un deuxième élément de cadre (13) de forme rectangulaire, articulé avec le premier élément de cadre (12) et destiné à prendre, lorsque le cadre modulaire articulé (11) est dans l'état déployé fonctionnel, une position sensiblement verticale pour former une partie de la structure de paroi latérale de l'unité d'habitation, et d'un troisième élément de cadre (14) de forme rectangulaire, articulé avec le deuxième élément de cadre (13) et destiné à prendre, lorsque le cadre modulaire articulé (11) est dans l'état déployé fonctionnel, une position inclinée au niveau de la partie supérieure du cadre modulaire articulé pour former une partie de la structure de toit en pente de l'unité d'habitation ;
    - l'agencement des cadres modulaires articulés (11) en paires opposées pour former des portions modulaires (50) de l'unité d'habitation devant être construite, côte à côte les uns des autres le long de la longueur envisagée de l'unité d'habitation ;
    - le déploiement de chaque cadre modulaire articulé (11) par le levage, ensemble, du deuxième élément de cadre (13) et du troisième élément de cadre (14) par rapport au premier élément de cadre (12), par une rotation de premières charnières de liaison (28, 28') entre le premier élément de cadre (12) et le deuxième élément de cadre (13), jusqu'à ce que lesdits deuxième et troisième éléments de cadre (13, 14) soient amenés dans une position verticale ;
    - le verrouillage desdites premières charnières (28, 28') à un angle de rotation de 90° pour maintenir les deuxièmes éléments de cadre (13) dans une position verticale ;
    - le levage, ensuite, du troisième élément de cadre (14) de chaque cadre modulaire articulé (11), par une rotation de deuxièmes charnières de liaison (32, 32') entre le deuxième élément de cadre (13) et le troisième élément de cadre (14), jusqu'à une position horizontale où les troisièmes éléments de cadre (14) de la paire de cadres articulés (11) opposés l'un à l'autre pour former une portion modulaire (50) de l'unité d'habitation sont alignés et coplanaires ;
    - tout en maintenant les troisièmes éléments de cadre (14) en position horizontale, l'application de troisièmes charnières (36, 36') aux extrémités en regard desdits troisièmes éléments de cadre (14) et le déploiement partiel des barres longitudinales (24, 25) des troisièmes éléments de cadre (14) en regard pour relier de manière stable lesdites troisièmes charnières (36, 36') à celles-ci ;
    - le levage, ensemble, des troisièmes éléments de cadre (14) de chaque paire de cadres articulés (11) opposés, par un déploiement supplémentaire des barres longitudinales (24, 25) respectives et une rotation d'ouverture des deuxièmes charnières (32, 32') et une rotation de fermeture des troisièmes charnières (36, 36') simultanées, jusqu'à atteindre l'inclinaison souhaitée pour les côtés de toit ;
    - le verrouillage desdites deuxième et troisième charnières (32, 32', 36, 36') pour maintenir les troisièmes éléments de cadre (14) à l'angle d'inclinaison atteint ;
    - si une augmentation de la hauteur des deuxièmes éléments de cadre (13) dans leur position verticale est requise, le déploiement des barres longitudinales (20, 21) respectives vers le haut ;
    - l'achèvement de l'unité d'habitation (10) par des panneaux de paroi latérale (43) sur les deuxièmes éléments de cadre (13), par des panneaux de toit (44) sur les troisièmes éléments de cadre (14) et par des parois frontales (45) fermant les côtés avant et arrière de l'unité d'habitation.
  12. Procédé pour la construction d'unités d'habitation selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les cadres modulaires articulés (11) sont agencés sur une pluralité de pieds d'appui au sol réglables en hauteur (15), fixés au premier élément de cadre (12).
  13. Procédé pour la construction d'unités d'habitation selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que, avant le levage simultané du deuxième élément de cadre (13) et du troisième élément de cadre (14) par rapport au premier élément de cadre (12), les premiers éléments de cadre (12) de chaque cadre modulaire articulé (11) sont rendus solidaires les uns des autres.
  14. Procédé pour la construction d'unités d'habitation selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que, avant le levage, ensuite, du troisième élément de cadre (14) par une rotation des deuxièmes charnières (32, 32'), les deuxièmes éléments de cadre (13) de chaque cadre modulaire articulé (11) sont rendus solidaires les uns des autres.
  15. Procédé pour la construction d'unités d'habitation selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que, après que les troisièmes éléments de cadre (14) ont atteint l'inclinaison souhaitée pour des côtés de toit, les troisièmes éléments de cadre (14) de chaque cadre modulaire articulé (11) sont rendus solidaires les uns des autres.
  16. Procédé pour la construction d'unités d'habitation selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que, après le positionnement horizontal des troisièmes éléments de cadre (14) de chaque paire de cadres modulaires articulés (11) opposés, des panneaux de plancher (42) sont placés sur les premiers éléments de cadre (12) desdits cadres modulaires articulés (11).
  17. Procédé pour la construction d'unités d'habitation selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que, après le positionnement des panneaux de paroi latérale (43) et des panneaux de toit (44), ceux-ci sont recouverts par une bâche de revêtement externe (46).
  18. Unité d'habitation temporaire pour des situations d'urgence, réalisée par l'assemblage d'une pluralité de cadres modulaires articulés (11) selon le système de construction des revendications 1 à 10.
EP22814186.7A 2021-11-23 2022-11-22 Système de construction modulaire pour construction d'unités de logement temporaires pour situations d'urgence, et procédé de construction d'unités de logement temporaire pour situations d'urgence Active EP4437194B1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102021000029594A IT202100029594A1 (it) 2021-11-23 2021-11-23 Sistema costruttivo modulare per la costruzione di unità abitative e di servizio in situazioni di emergenza.
PCT/IB2022/061267 WO2023094983A1 (fr) 2021-11-23 2022-11-22 Système de construction modulaire pour construction d'unités de logement temporaires pour situations d'urgence, et procédé de construction d'unités de logement temporaire pour situations d'urgence

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FR3161698B3 (fr) 2024-04-30 2026-04-10 Zoidcity Module de base pour la réalisation d’une construction modulaire à l’intérieur d’un bâtiment

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US6050045A (en) * 1996-10-07 2000-04-18 Campbell; Ronald W. Framing system for building construction
IT1403140B1 (it) * 2010-10-20 2013-10-04 Pacilè Giunto strutturale regolabile per costruzioni e sistema di costruzione comprendente tale giunto.
IT201800008277A1 (it) * 2018-08-31 2020-03-02 Luca Antonio Ignazio Bonifacio Sistema costruttivo modulare per la realizzazione di unità abitative di emergenza.

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WO2023094983A1 (fr) 2023-06-01
EP4437194A1 (fr) 2024-10-02
PL4437194T3 (pl) 2026-02-16
IT202100029594A1 (it) 2023-05-23

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