Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
  • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
  • F16H1/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
  • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
  • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
  • F16H48/36—Differential gearings characterised by intentionally generating speed difference between outputs
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
  • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
  • F16H1/32—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
  • F16H2001/325—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear comprising a carrier with pins guiding at least one orbital gear with circular holes
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16H—GEARING
  • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
  • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
  • F16H48/10—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
  • F16H2048/106—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears characterised by two sun gears

Definitions

• Object of the invention is an electromechanical power unit intended for motor vehicles.
• motor vehicles in addition to traditional internal combustion engines, are additionally driven by electric motors as so-called hybrid vehicles or by electric motors only.
• the driving torque from these motors is transferred by suitable systems to the wheels of the vehicle.
• a vehicle drive system comprising a generator powered by an internal combustion engine and a drive axle having a pair of wheels, each wheel being driven by a related electric motor powered, in turn, by the generator.
• the internal combustion engine also drives the drive shaft, which is connected to the drive axle.
• the drive system also contains a pair of summing gears, each of which has an output shaft connected to the corresponding wheel, and each summing gear has a first input connected to the drive shaft and a second input connected to the corresponding electric motor.
• the power system of the hybrid vehicle adopts a first planetary gear mechanism with two sun gears, where the first sun gear rotates together with the input shaft, and the second sun gear and the input shaft are independent of each other, and the second sun gear achieves different motions due to a second brake and/or a second clutch and it cooperates with the first brake to provide different gear ratios when the internal combustion engine and the electric motors operate while driving.
• Goal of the invention was to design an electromechanical power unit for motor vehicles that makes it possible to adjust the gear ratio and replace the functions performed in a classic motor vehicle by a differential gear, using a minimum number of parts and multiple identical parts for the left and right sections of the assembly.
• the goal was to minimize the weight and dimensions of the power unit. This goal has been achieved due to the design of the power unit according to the invention.
• the electromechanical power unit for motor vehicles is equipped with at least one main motor, at least two electric auxiliary motors, an assembly comprising at least two cycloidal gears and a single or multi-stage mechanical transmission of the main motor driving the main wheel assembly of the cycloidal gear.
• Electric auxiliary motors drive the power input shafts of the cycloidal gears, and the toothed rim of the main wheel is coupled via a single or multi-stage mechanical transmission to the main motor or motors, while each power input shaft of the cycloidal gear is coupled by means of a single or multi-stage mechanical transmission to the electric auxiliary motor or motors.
• the power input shafts of cycloidal gears have one or more cylindrical parts with axes eccentrically offset from the main axis of the power input shaft, and on these cylindrical parts of the power input shaft through the needle bearings there are mounted cycloidal discs.
• the outer contour of the cycloidal discs is a curve, such that the heads of the teeth are described by curves with an epicycloidal outline, and the feet of the teeth are described by sections of arcs of a circle, or any other arbitrary curve.
• the main wheel assembly which includes two housing discs, two main wheel rings, toothed rim of the main wheel, rollers with bushings and connecting bolts.
• the main wheel assembly is equipped on its outer circumference with pivotally mounted bushings on the rollers, one bushing on each roller for one cycloidal disc, with the number of rollers of the main wheel assembly being greater than the outer contour teeth number of the cycloidal disc by one or two or three rollers.
• fig. 1 shows a top view of the power unit as a cross-section
• fig. 2 shows the power input shaft with eccentrically offset cylindrical parts
• fig. 3 shows a cycloidal disc with an epicycloid outer contour
• fig. 4 shows structural details of the cycloidal gear
• fig. 5 shows the components of the cycloidal gear as an isometric view.
• auxiliary motors 121 1 cons ists of a main motor /1 /, electric auxiliary motors 121, a cycloidal gear set /3/, a multi-stage mechanical transmission /4/ of the main motor /1/, a multi-stage mechanical transmission /5/ of the auxiliary motors 121, drive half-shafts /6/ and vehicle wheels 171.
• axes of the cylindrical parts /8a and 8b/ which pose integral parts of the power input shaft /9/, are offset eccentrically with respect to the main axis of the power input shaft /9/.
• the fig. 4 shows the structural details of the cycloidal gear 131 consisting of a main wheel assembly, two pairs of cycloidal discs /10/ and /11/, and two power input shafts /9/ and two power output shafts /14/, first needle bearings /15/./16/, and second needle bearings /20/ and /21/.
• the fig. 5 shows the components of the cycloid gear /3/ in such a way that the left side of the gear is assembled, and the right side for easier illustration of the structure of the assembly shows the individual parts shifted as the isometric view, similar to the installation diagrams.
• the electromechanical power unit for motor vehicles is composed of the main motor /1 /, electric auxiliary motors 121 and a cycloidal gear set 131.
• the cycloidal gear 131 consists of a hollow power input shaft /9/, where the first spur gear /17/ is fixed on the outer side, meshed with the second spur gear /18/, fixed rigidly on the shaft of the auxiliary motor 121. Then, towards the center of the mechanism, an inner bearing ring /19/ is seated on the power input shaft /9/ and the outer ring of the bearing /19/ is seated inside the bore of the gear housing disc 1231 of the cycloidal discs /10/ and /11/.
• cycloidal discs /10/ and /11/ On the cylindrical parts /8a and 8b/ of the power input shaft /9/ via the needle bearings /15/ and /16/ there are seated cycloidal discs /10/ and /11/, the outer contours /12/ of which are formed by teeth with an epicycloid outline.
• the cycloidal discs /10/ and /11/ have holes 1221 of circular cross-section in the middle part, inside of which the pivots of the power output shaft /14/ are placed, on which the bushings 1271 (one on each pivot) are pivotally seated.
• a main wheel ring /13/ On the inner side of the main wheel assembly, near its outer contour, a main wheel ring /13/ is placed.
• the axis, with respect to which the mirroring takes place, is formed by the dividing plane of the gear housing.
• the electromechanical power unit for motor vehicles operates in the such a way that the main motor /1 / transmits torque to the toothed rim /24/ of the cycloid gear 131 main wheel via a mechanical transmission of the main motor 141 comprising a minor gear /28Z, an intermediate shaft Z29/, a major gear /31 Z and a gear 1321 of the main motor /1 /, while electric auxiliary motors 121 through additional mechanical transmission 151 comprising the first and the second spur gears Z17/ and /18/ drive the power input shafts /9/.
• During operation of the electromechanical power unit it is possible to transmit different driving torque and speed to the left and right wheels of the vehicle 171. Varying the rotational speed and driving torque to the wheels is possible by independent control of the rotational speed and driving torque of the electric auxiliary motors 121.
• the electromechanical power unit for motor vehicles is characterized by smaller dimensions and lighter weight of the entire unit compared to designs based on planetary gears. This has been achieved due to a special design of the cycloidal gearbox according to the invention, which makes it possible to obtain, from a single stage, a practical ratio of more than 100:1 and theoretically even 300:1. This makes it possible to use it on a large scale in smaller vehicles, since thanks to its compact design it does not require much space for installation. This is particularly important when converting existing combustion engine car designs to hybrid or electric vehicles.
• the cycloid gearbox is characterized by quiet operation and low vibration level, and it has the ability to (withstand) overload several times more than planetary gearboxes, without risk of damage. The aforementioned characteristics contribute to a longer life of the mechanism and guarantee its trouble-free operation, even during operation in harsh conditions and with high variability of power output load.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Retarders (AREA)
• Control Of Stepping Motors (AREA)
• Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=86773234

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 2021
  • 2021-12-14 PL PL439827A patent/PL247471B1/pl unknown
• 2022
  • 2022-09-26 WO PCT/PL2022/000057 patent/WO2023113626A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2022-09-26 EP EP22908065.0A patent/EP4448314A4/de active Pending

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