EP4470088A1 - Procédé et dispositif de charge d'une batterie à cellules multiples - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de charge d'une batterie à cellules multiples

Info

Publication number
EP4470088A1
EP4470088A1 EP23700086.4A EP23700086A EP4470088A1 EP 4470088 A1 EP4470088 A1 EP 4470088A1 EP 23700086 A EP23700086 A EP 23700086A EP 4470088 A1 EP4470088 A1 EP 4470088A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
battery
charging voltage
charging
determined
voltage characteristic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23700086.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Benjamin Bedürftig
Bernd Epding
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Powerco SE
Original Assignee
Volkswagen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen AG filed Critical Volkswagen AG
Publication of EP4470088A1 publication Critical patent/EP4470088A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/96—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage in response to battery voltage
    • H02J7/965—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage in response to battery voltage obtained with the battery disconnected from the charge or discharge circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/13—Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
    • H02J7/82—Control of state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/92—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with prioritisation of loads or sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/94—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage in response to battery current
    • H02J7/947—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage in response to battery current in response to integrated charge or discharge current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2105/30—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles
    • H02J2105/33—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles
    • H02J2105/37—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for charging a multi-cell battery.
  • Li-ion cells can only absorb a certain charging current without being damaged.
  • a limit current defined in this way also changes with the state of health (SOH) of a Li-ion cell.
  • SOH state of health
  • the difficulty arises that in a battery system, as a rule, several battery cells can be connected in series or in parallel, which can have different temperatures, charging states and/or aging states. It is therefore generally necessary to know the state of charge and aging of all battery cells in the system at all times, as well as the coldest and warmest point of the battery. This also includes that temperature gradients within a battery cell must be known in order to actually know the coldest and warmest point in the entire battery system. Together with the charging and aging status of each battery cell, these two points determine the maximum possible charging current at any time. Since a relaxed battery cell can briefly absorb a higher current than the maximum possible continuous current, the time reaction of the battery cell to the charging current must also be known.
  • the maximum pulsed current for each state of charge for a relaxed battery cell can be determined using the 3-electrode cells. This is known, for example, from DE 102019 003465 A1, in which a method for charging a battery is described. With this method, a large number of starting charge states and a large number of ambient temperatures are specified. For each combination of one of the starting states of charge and one of the ambient temperatures, an associated reference charging current curve for charging the battery is recorded and stored in a reference charging current map.
  • charging current maps are checked for their harmfulness as a function of temperature, state of charge and pulse duration by repeated application to the battery and are later specified to the system accordingly. It is common not to react to the aging of the battery cells in the system, but to plan a safety margin for the charging currents from the outset.
  • a state of charge (SOC), an aging state (state of health, SOH) and a temperature of the battery cells in a battery are usually not known or cannot be precisely determined and/or must be determined by additional measures.
  • the object of the invention is to improve a method and a device for charging a multi-cell battery.
  • a method for charging a multi-cell battery is made available, with a battery voltage of the battery being detected before charging begins, with a charge voltage characteristic dependent on the charge quantity being determined on the basis of the detected battery voltage, and with a charging voltage being controlled as a function of the charge quantity on the basis of the determined charging voltage characteristic and/or or is regulated.
  • a device for charging a multi-cell battery comprising a control device, wherein the control device is set up to receive a battery voltage of the battery detected before charging begins, to determine a charge quantity-dependent charging voltage characteristic curve based on the detected battery voltage, and a charging voltage to be controlled and/or regulated based on the specific charging voltage characteristic depending on the amount of charge.
  • the method and the device make it possible to charge the battery in a controlled and/or regulated manner, starting from a battery voltage detected before charging. This is achieved by determining a charge quantity-dependent charging voltage characteristic based on the battery voltage recorded before charging.
  • the charging voltage is controlled and/or regulated on the basis of the determined charging voltage characteristic.
  • a value of the charging voltage characteristic determined on the basis of a quantity of charge by means of the charging voltage characteristic specifies the charging voltage.
  • the amount of charge is in particular an amount of charge that is recharged to charge the battery, that is, before charging, a value of this amount of charge is in particular equal to zero, and a target amount of charge is reached at the end of charging.
  • the control device receives, in particular, as input values an amount of charge that has already been recharged, determines a value of the charging voltage characteristic on this basis and uses this as the current setpoint value for the charging voltage. This is repeated during charging so that the charge voltage setpoint is continuously determined.
  • the charging ends in particular when a predetermined amount of charge or a final value of the charging voltage characteristic is reached.
  • One advantage of the method and the device is that the battery voltage only needs to be measured once. Other measures, such as determining a battery cell voltage, a battery cell temperature and the respective states of charge, etc., are not necessary.
  • the device can be used in a battery system, for example, in order to charge a battery of the battery system.
  • the device can be arranged in a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, for example an electric or hybrid vehicle, and used there.
  • the vehicle can also be another land, rail, water, air or space vehicle, for example a drone or an air taxi.
  • a battery cell is in particular a Li-ion battery cell.
  • a battery then includes, in particular, a plurality of such Li-ion battery cells.
  • Parts of the device in particular the control device, can be designed individually or combined as a combination of hardware and software, for example as program code that runs on a microcontroller or microprocessor.
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • the detected battery voltage is used as a parameter in a stored charging voltage characteristic that can be parameterized with the battery voltage.
  • the parameterizable charging voltage characteristic is stored, for example, in a memory of the control device and can be retrieved from it when required.
  • the charging voltage characteristic is then in particular completely parameterized, so that a relationship between the charge quantity and the charging voltage for each charge quantity is known or can be determined using the charging voltage characteristic parameterized in this way.
  • the charging voltage characteristic and the parameterizable charging voltage characteristic only differ in the "Battery voltage" parameter and are otherwise identical (i.e. the battery voltage is already used in the charging voltage characteristic).
  • the charging voltage characteristic and/or the parameterizable charging voltage characteristic is or was determined taking into account a specified no-load voltage curve of the battery cells and a specified limit voltage curve of the battery cells and an interconnection of the battery cells. This ensures that the charging voltage characteristic curve when charging the battery never assumes a value during charging that results in a limit voltage of the battery cells being exceeded.
  • the limit voltage is in particular that voltage above which damage to the battery cell occurs, in particular as a result of lithium plating.
  • the charging voltage determined by means of the charging voltage characteristic should be selected in such a way that it is greater than a respective open-circuit voltage of the battery cells.
  • the interconnection (serial and/or parallel) of the individual battery cells is also considered.
  • the limit voltage curve and the no-load voltage curve are determined, for example, on the basis of empirical test series and/or by simulation using methods known per se and can then be specified accordingly for the battery cells.
  • a characteristic curve between the specified starting charge state and the specified discharge state is determined or was determined
  • the specified starting state of charge and the specified discharge state are, in particular, values that are generally specified for all battery cells.
  • a predefined starting state of charge can be, for example, 5% or 20% of a maximum amount of charge in the battery cell.
  • the specified discharge state can be, for example, 80% of the maximum amount of charge in the battery cell.
  • the specified starting state of charge and the specified final state of charge are values used to determine the charging voltage characteristic and/or the parameterizable charging voltage characteristic, which do not have to match the real actual values of the individual battery cells.
  • a course of the charging voltage characteristic and/or the parameterizable charging voltage characteristic is linear and/or that the characteristic curve is determined or was determined as a linear course.
  • a charging voltage characteristic curve that is particularly easy to determine can be provided.
  • the charging voltage characteristic can have a profile that essentially has the following form:
  • the voltage increase can then be determined, in particular, by adding the determined difference to the respective no-load voltage in the initial charging state (eg 5% or 20%) and in the final charging state (eg 80%) and between the resulting values determining the slope with respect to the amount of charge between the start charge state and the end charge state.
  • a profile of the charging voltage characteristic and/or the parameterized charging voltage characteristic can also be designed differently, for example as a quadratic function, as a polynomial function, as a power function, as an exponential function, as a logarithmic function, etc.
  • a deduction for a temperature difference between battery cells connected in series and/or a deduction for a temperature difference between battery cells connected in parallel and/or a deduction for a difference in the state of charge of battery cells connected in series is or has been taken into account.
  • a safety margin for a temperature difference and/or a charge state difference can be taken into account.
  • the deductions are taken into account in particular in the form of pre-factors.
  • a battery system comprising at least one device according to one of the described embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the device for charging a multi-cell battery
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an example of a battery as well as an interconnection of the battery with a charge control implemented by means of the device;
  • 3 shows a schematic illustration to clarify the determination of the charging voltage characteristic
  • 4a-4c schematic representations of electrical variables over time when charging a battery in a simulation to clarify the invention.
  • the device 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the device 1 for charging a multi-cell battery 20.
  • the device 1 can in particular be part of a battery system.
  • the device 1 performs the method described in this disclosure.
  • the device 1 comprises a control device 2.
  • the control device 2 has a computing device 3 and a memory 4, for example.
  • the control device 2 is set up to receive a battery voltage U 0 of the battery 20 detected before charging begins.
  • the battery voltage U 0 is detected, for example by means of a sensor system 22 suitable for this purpose, on the battery 20 and transmitted to the control device 2 as a signal.
  • the control device 2 determines a charge quantity-dependent charging voltage characteristic 10 .
  • a corresponding program code is executed on the computing device 3 , for example.
  • the control device 2 controls or regulates a charging voltage U L dependent on the amount of charge based on the determined charging voltage characteristic 10.
  • a value of the charging voltage U L is supplied to a converter 15, for example, which generates the charging voltage U L for charging (shown only schematically here).
  • a current sensor (not shown) set up appropriately for this purpose in or on the converter 15 can be used to detect the charging current I L .
  • the detected battery voltage U 0 can be used as a parameter in a stored charging voltage characteristic 11 that can be parameterized with the battery voltage U 0 in order to determine the charging voltage characteristic 10 .
  • the arithmetic unit 3 retrieves the parameterizable charging voltage characteristic 11 from the memory 4 and inserts the detected or received battery voltage U 0 into the parameterizable charging voltage characteristic 11 and thereby obtains the charging voltage characteristic 10.
  • the charging voltage characteristic 10 and/or the parameterizable charging voltage characteristic 11 taking into account a specified no-load voltage curve OCV of the battery cells 23-x of the battery 20 and a specified Limit voltage curve U max of the battery cells 23-x and an interconnection of the battery cells in the battery 20 is determined or was determined. This is explained schematically and by way of example with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the battery 20 comprises six battery cells 23-x, which are connected in parallel in pairs, the parallel connected Battery cells 23-x are connected in series. States of charge and temperatures of the individual battery cells 23-x can differ from one another.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation in which the voltage U is shown on the ordinate (y-axis) and the state of charge SOC is shown on the abscissa (x-axis).
  • a single battery cell is considered here.
  • An open circuit voltage curve OCV and a limit voltage curve U max are shown.
  • the charging voltage characteristic 10 and/or the parameterizable charging voltage characteristic 11 (FIG. 1) are then determined in particular in such a way that a voltage profile at an individual battery cell during charging never exceeds the limit voltage curve U max .
  • various suitable curve shapes can be used here, as already described above.
  • a difference ⁇ U between the specified limit voltage curve U max and the specified no-load voltage curve OCV is determined or was determined:
  • SOC2 is selected, for example, at a state of charge of 80% of a total amount of charge of the battery cell. Furthermore, starting from a starting voltage U1 determined at a specified starting state of charge SOC1 by means of the determined difference ⁇ U and the open-circuit voltage curve OCV:
  • U1 OCV(SOC1) + ⁇ U a characteristic curve between the specified starting state of charge SOC1 and the specified discharge state SOC2 is determined.
  • the starting state of charge SOC1 is selected, for example, at 5% or 20% of the total amount of charge in the battery cell.
  • the course of the characteristic curve is determined or was determined as a linear course. For this purpose, in particular, a slope of a straight line X is determined:
  • the charging voltage characteristic 10 and/or the parameterizable charging voltage characteristic 11 is determined on the basis of the determined difference ⁇ U, the determined characteristic curve and the interconnection of the battery cells within the battery.
  • Charging voltage characteristic 11 are provided.
  • the parameterizable charging voltage characteristic 11 can then be stored for retrieval in the memory 4 of the control device 2 and can be retrieved from this if required and parameterized with the detected battery voltage U 0 so that the charging voltage characteristic 10 can be generated therefrom.
  • the charging voltage characteristic 10 can be generated therefrom.
  • Charging voltage characteristic 10 is determined only before loading. It should be noted here that the charging voltage characteristic 10 or the parameterizable charging voltage characteristic 11 is or is defined only in the interval from 0 to (SOC2 - SOC1). In particular, a charging process is aborted when a reloaded charge quantity Q has reached the value SOC2-SOC1.
  • the charging voltage characteristic 10 and/or the parameterizable charging voltage characteristic 11 and/or the course of the characteristic can also be non-linear, for example as a quadratic function, as a polynomial function, as a power function, as an exponential function or as a logarithmic function, or can include such a function.
  • a deduction A T s for a temperature difference between battery cells connected in series and/or a deduction A T,p for a temperature difference between battery cells connected in parallel and/or a deduction A SOC,s for a state of charge difference of serially connected battery cells is taken into account or was taken into account.
  • the charging voltage characteristic curve 10 listed above then has the following form in particular:
  • the charging voltage characteristic curve 10 ensures that the battery 20 ( Figures 1 and 2) can be charged solely by controlling and/or regulating the charging voltage U L without one of the battery cells 23-x (Fig. 2) in the battery 20 during the charging the limit voltage U max is reached. This takes place solely as a function of a charge quantity Q that has already been recharged.
  • the method and the device 1 can greatly simplify the charging of the battery 20, since the charge state, aging state and/or temperature of the individual battery cells no longer needs to be known. In this way, in particular, costs and effort can be saved.
  • Figures 4a to 4d show exemplary schematic representations of electrical variables over time when charging a battery 20 with six battery cells 23-x in the in Fig. 2 circuit shown in an example state.
  • the state includes the following values:
  • the above charging voltage characteristic 10 was used as the charging voltage characteristic 10, with the following values:
  • the battery voltage before charging is set in the simulation as:
  • FIG. 4a shows a profile of the regulated charging voltage U L (in volts) as a function of a time profile over time t (in seconds).
  • U L in volts
  • FIG. 4c shows a course of a respective charging current I (in A) of the individual battery cells 23-x and a halved charging current of the battery 20 as a function of a time course over time t (in seconds).
  • the charging current of the battery 20 is halved because in the simulated example two battery cells 23-x are always connected in parallel (cf. FIG. 2), so that the current is divided approximately equally between the battery cells 23-x connected in parallel.
  • a remaining distance between the curves and the limit voltage curve U max at the end of the charging process results in particular from the specification or selection of the values for the deductions A T,s , A T ,p , A SOC,s . If the values chosen for the deductions are smaller, the curves can be brought closer to the limit voltage curve U max .
  • a T,s reduction (temperature difference, serial)
  • a T,p reduction (temperature difference, parallel)

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de charge d'une batterie à cellules multiples (20), dans lequel, avant le début de la charge, une tension de batterie (U 0 ) de la batterie (20) est détectée, une courbe caractéristique de tension de charge dépendant de la quantité de charge (10) est déterminée à partir de la tension de batterie détectée (U 0 ), et une tension de charge (U L ) est commandée et/ou régulée sur la base de la courbe caractéristique de tension de charge déterminée (10) en fonction de la quantité de charge. L'invention concerne également un dispositif (1) de charge d'une batterie à cellules multiples (20).
EP23700086.4A 2022-01-26 2023-01-03 Procédé et dispositif de charge d'une batterie à cellules multiples Pending EP4470088A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022200867.7A DE102022200867A1 (de) 2022-01-26 2022-01-26 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Laden einer mehrzelligen Batterie
PCT/EP2023/050087 WO2023143881A1 (fr) 2022-01-26 2023-01-03 Procédé et dispositif de charge d'une batterie à cellules multiples

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4470088A1 true EP4470088A1 (fr) 2024-12-04

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EP23700086.4A Pending EP4470088A1 (fr) 2022-01-26 2023-01-03 Procédé et dispositif de charge d'une batterie à cellules multiples

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US (1) US20240388115A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4470088A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7804086B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20240128063A (fr)
CN (1) CN118591958A (fr)
CA (1) CA3248850A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102022200867A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023143881A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023207541B4 (de) * 2023-08-07 2025-07-24 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Laden oder Entladen eines Batteriesystems
DE102024001357A1 (de) 2024-04-26 2025-01-30 Mercedes-Benz Group AG Verfahren zum Laden einer Batterie eines elektrisch betreibbaren Fahrzeugs
DE102024209543A1 (de) * 2024-09-30 2026-04-02 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Batterie
FR3167263A1 (fr) * 2024-10-04 2026-04-10 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Procédé et système de charge d’une batterie

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5515897B2 (ja) 2010-03-17 2014-06-11 トヨタ自動車株式会社 車両の制御装置およびそれを搭載する車両
WO2012140776A1 (fr) * 2011-04-15 2012-10-18 日立ビークルエナジー株式会社 Dispositif de commande de charge
AT513335B1 (de) 2012-09-13 2017-10-15 Fronius Int Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Laden von Batterien
DE102013011593A1 (de) 2013-07-11 2015-01-15 Jungheinrich Ag Verfahren zum Laden einer Batterie
DE102013214292B4 (de) 2013-07-22 2018-12-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ladezustandserkennung elektrochemischer Speicher
DE102016007479A1 (de) 2016-06-18 2017-02-09 Daimler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Laden einer Batteriezelle und Verfahren zum Bereitstellen eines Ladestromstärkenkennfeldes
JP6607316B2 (ja) 2016-07-13 2019-11-20 株式会社村田製作所 組電池回路、容量係数検出方法、および容量係数検出プログラム
KR102516361B1 (ko) * 2017-12-07 2023-03-31 삼성전자주식회사 배터리 충전 방법 및 장치
JP6871145B2 (ja) 2017-12-14 2021-05-12 本田技研工業株式会社 電池状態推定装置
DE102019003465A1 (de) 2019-05-15 2020-01-02 Daimler Ag Verfahren zum Laden einer Batterie
JP7449738B2 (ja) 2020-03-23 2024-03-14 古河電気工業株式会社 バッテリ状態を推定する方法、装置、プログラムおよび記録媒体

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Publication number Publication date
DE102022200867A1 (de) 2023-07-27
KR20240128063A (ko) 2024-08-23
US20240388115A1 (en) 2024-11-21
JP7804086B2 (ja) 2026-01-21
JP2025503926A (ja) 2025-02-06
CA3248850A1 (fr) 2025-07-09
CN118591958A (zh) 2024-09-03
WO2023143881A1 (fr) 2023-08-03

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