EP4480807B1 - Unité d'entraînement hybride marine et procédé d'entraînement d'une telle unité d'entraînement hybride marine - Google Patents

Unité d'entraînement hybride marine et procédé d'entraînement d'une telle unité d'entraînement hybride marine

Info

Publication number
EP4480807B1
EP4480807B1 EP23180308.1A EP23180308A EP4480807B1 EP 4480807 B1 EP4480807 B1 EP 4480807B1 EP 23180308 A EP23180308 A EP 23180308A EP 4480807 B1 EP4480807 B1 EP 4480807B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil pump
transmission
input shaft
drive unit
hybrid drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP23180308.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4480807A1 (fr
Inventor
Mattia Caracristi
Fernando Gallato
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
ZF Padova SRL
Original Assignee
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
ZF Padova SRL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG, ZF Padova SRL filed Critical ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority to EP23180308.1A priority Critical patent/EP4480807B1/fr
Priority to US18/746,715 priority patent/US20240425165A1/en
Publication of EP4480807A1 publication Critical patent/EP4480807A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4480807B1 publication Critical patent/EP4480807B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/20—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being powered by combinations of different types of propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/02—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing
    • B63H23/10—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing for transmitting drive from more than one propulsion power unit
    • B63H23/12—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing for transmitting drive from more than one propulsion power unit allowing combined use of the propulsion power units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/02—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing
    • B63H23/10—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing for transmitting drive from more than one propulsion power unit
    • B63H23/18—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing for transmitting drive from more than one propulsion power unit for alternative use of the propulsion power units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/30—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements characterised by use of clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B79/00—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation
    • B63B79/40—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation for controlling the operation of vessels, e.g. monitoring their speed, routing or maintenance schedules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/20—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being powered by combinations of different types of propulsion units
    • B63H2021/202—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being powered by combinations of different types of propulsion units of hybrid electric type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/20—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being powered by combinations of different types of propulsion units
    • B63H2021/202—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being powered by combinations of different types of propulsion units of hybrid electric type
    • B63H2021/205—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being powered by combinations of different types of propulsion units of hybrid electric type the second power unit being of the internal combustion engine type, or the like, e.g. a Diesel engine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a marine hybrid drive unit comprising a transmission with a pressure actuated transmission clutch and to a method to drive such a marine hybrid drive unit.
  • a typical conventional marine propulsion system comprises one or two drive trains, each with a diesel engine and a transmission with speed reduction gear steps interposed between the engine and the propeller.
  • This type of propulsion in which the propeller characteristics and a certain reduction ratio between the engine and the propeller are preset at the design stage, often includes a pressure actuated transmission clutch for operating at lower speeds than a nominal speed.
  • a boat can be propelled solely by an electric motor without any local emissions especially in ecologically sensitive areas or in harbors and mooring areas.
  • it is also more efficient to propel a boat solely by the electric motor especially if a boat shall be propelled in a low-speed range, for example in a no-wake zone.
  • no-wake zones might be in place to protect a marina by minimizing the wake created by passing boats, or because the waterway is congested.
  • the function of a no wake zone is like that of a speed limit on a city street. If the waterway is narrow, and perhaps especially congested, having every boat slow down simply makes for safer navigation.
  • the combustion engine of the hybrid drive unit provides sufficient power for normal and high-speed cruising.
  • a marine hybrid drive unit with a transmission comprising a transmission input shaft for accepting power into the transmission and a transmission output shaft for outputting power to a propeller.
  • a first prime mover in form of a combustion engine is selectively coupled to the transmission input shaft, whereas a second prime mover in form of an electric motor is permanently coupled to the transmission input shaft.
  • a modulatable transmission clutch assembly is operably coupled to the transmission input and output shafts such that the power and speed from the input shaft can be variably transferred to the output shaft.
  • Such a modulatable transmission clutch assembly is configured to modulate or vary the amount of power transmitted therethrough. In a troll or trolling mode the modulatable transmission clutch is operated with a slip, i.e. with different input and output speeds. At very low speeds it is not possible to achieve a reliable and constant propeller speed with this method.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an improved marine hybrid drive unit with a pressure actuated transmission clutch, which allows energy optimized cruising conditions especially in a low-speed range.
  • the present invention provides a marine hybrid drive unit with an electric motor and a transmission.
  • the transmission comprising an input shaft, an output shaft and a pressure actuated transmission clutch to selectively connect the input shaft to the output shaft.
  • the transmission may comprise a transmission housing to, at least partially, enclose the input shaft, the pressure actuated transmission clutch and the output shaft.
  • the input shaft can selectively be driven solely by a combustion engine, solely by the electric motor or by the combustion engine and the electric motor simultaneously.
  • the selection of a corresponding driving mode can be controlled by a control unit of the boat, depending on the demanded speed and/or other operating conditions like charging status of batteries.
  • the transmission further comprises a main oil pump, which is driven by the input shaft to provide oil pressure for actuating the pressure actuated transmission clutch.
  • a main oil pump which is driven by the input shaft to provide oil pressure for actuating the pressure actuated transmission clutch.
  • Such main oil pumps which are driven by an input shaft or another transmission shaft are well-known as integral parts of transmissions in conventional marine propulsion systems.
  • the present invention now proposes an auxiliary oil pump for supplying oil to the pressure actuated transmission clutch during operation in a low-speed range.
  • the auxiliary oil pump shall be installed additional to the main oil pump.
  • the auxiliary oil pump can provide hydraulic pressure in the low-speed range, when the main pump driven by the input shaft does not supply sufficient oil pressure or volume, because the rotational speed of the driving input shaft is too slow.
  • the low-speed range can be defined to boat speeds below 5 knots (approx. 9,26 km/h).
  • a control unit of the marine hybrid drive unit or the boat can be configured to actuate the auxiliary oil pump when a speed control signal is below 5 knots, so that the auxiliary oil pump can provide hydraulic pressure when boat is driven with a speed between 0 and 5 knots.
  • the low-speed range can be defined to operation with rotation speeds of the input shaft below a preset threshold in a range between 500 and 700 rpm (revolutions per minute).
  • the boat In the low-speed range the boat can be driven solely by the electric motor, which is able to drive the input shaft in the low-speed range with the required torque.
  • the auxiliary oil pump can be actuated as soon as the rotational speed of the input shaft is below a certain threshold.
  • a control unit can be configured to actuate the auxiliary oil pump when the input shaft is driven in the low-speed range and/or when the input shaft is driven solely by the electric motor. Additionally the auxiliary oil pump may be actuated, depending on current operating conditions or modes, for example when the oil pressure which is generated by the main oil pump falls under a preset threshold value.
  • the invention benefits from the fact, that conventional hybrid boat drive units have a relatively high energy demand in the low-speed range.
  • Conventional hybrid drive boat units use a modulatable transmission clutch with a pressure actuated piston, which operates on clutch disks which are disposed between a rotatable driving disk-carrier and a rotatable driven disk-carrier to effect clutch modulation.
  • a modulatable clutch In the low-speed range such a modulatable clutch is operated with slip between the driving and driven disks to achieve the requested low-speed rotation of the propeller shaft.
  • Such low-speed operation is also called trolling mode.
  • the slipping operation of the modulatable transmission clutch is demanding a significant amount of energy which does not contribute to the propulsion of the boat.
  • a hybrid drive unit according to the present invention can be operated in the low-speed range without any slip in the transmission clutch.
  • the transmission clutch can be fully engaged during operation in the low-speed range.
  • the electric motor directly drives the input shaft in the low-speed range without a minimum speed limit.
  • the invention enables an energy efficient operation in the low-speed range without any clutch trolling in the transmission.
  • the hybrid boat drive unit according to the invention allows for operations with very low rotation speed at the output shaft corresponding to a propeller speed near to 0 rpm. A controlled and constant operation with such a low propeller speed is not possible in the conventional trolling mode with a slipping clutch.
  • the pressure actuated transmission clutch of the present marine hybrid drive unit does not need to be a modulatable clutch.
  • the transmission clutch can be a modulatable clutch or another switchable clutch like a dog clutch.
  • significant benefits can be achieved, when a conventional marine hybrid drive unit with a modulatable clutch is modified to the proposed marine hybrid drive unit and driven according to the method proposed further below.
  • the hybrid boat drive unit may further include a pressure actuated input clutch, which is provided to connect and disconnect the combustion engine to/from the input shaft.
  • the oil pressure for the actuation of the pressure actuated input clutch may also be provided by the main oil pump when the input shaft rotates with sufficient speed. Especially in the low-speed range, the oil pressure for the actuation of the input clutch can be provided by the auxiliary oil pump.
  • the transmission may comprise an oil lubrication system.
  • the main oil pump and the auxiliary oil pump can be connected to the oil lubrication system to supply oil to the oil lubrication system. This way a correct lubrication in terms of oil flow rate and lubrication oil pressure can be ensured in all speed ranges.
  • the control unit may control oil pressure and oil flow in the oil lubrication system for the lubrication of elements in the transmission and in the hybrid module.
  • the auxiliary oil pump can be an electric pump. It can be positioned outside of the transmission housing.
  • the auxiliary oil pump may be fixed to the transmission housing and connected by oil tubes and ducts to an oil supply system of the transmission and/or marine hybrid drive unit.
  • the auxiliary oil pump shall be configured in size and power, to provide sufficient oil volume and pressure to allow the functionality of the transmission clutch, the input clutch, and the oil lubrication system at least in the low-speed range.
  • Another aspect of the invention is a method for driving a marine hybrid drive unit as described above in a low-speed range solely by the electric motor, while the pressure for the pressure operated clutch is being provided by the auxiliary oil pump.
  • the proposed method allows to operate a boat in the low-speed range with significant energy savings.
  • the marine hybrid drive unit 100 as shown in Fig. 1 can be mounted inside the hull of a boat.
  • the marine hybrid drive unit 100 comprises a combustion engine 1 and an electric motor 2 for propelling the boat in different operation modes.
  • the marine hybrid drive unit 100 further comprises a transmission 3 with an input shaft 4 and an output shaft 5.
  • the input shaft 4 can selectively be driven solely by the combustion engine 1, solely by the electric motor 2 or by the combustion engine 1 and the electric motor 2 simultaneously.
  • the output shaft 5 in this embodiment being arranged with a downward angle with regard to the input shaft 4.
  • the output shaft 5 being connected to a propeller shaft of the boat either directly or via further transmitting elements.
  • the combustion engine 1 includes a crankshaft 20 which is connected to a drive shaft 14 of a hybrid module 10.
  • the connection between the crankshaft 20 and the drive shaft 14 may comprise a flywheel and/or a torsional damper which are not shown in the scheme of Fig. 1 .
  • the gear steps 16 are part of the hybrid module 10 and arranged inside the module housing 11.
  • the gear steps 16 comprise a first spur gear 17 which is fastened to the motor shaft 21.
  • the first spur gear 17 meshes with a second spur gear 18 which is supported in the module housing 11.
  • the second spur gear 18 further meshes with a toothing 19 which is an integral part of the output element 13 of the input clutch 15.
  • the pressure actuated input clutch 15 is also a part of the hybrid module 10.
  • the transmission 3 further includes a pressure actuated transmission clutch 6 to selectively connect the input shaft 4 to the output shaft 5.
  • the pressure actuated transmission clutch 6 is arranged inside a transmission housing 9.
  • the pressure actuated transmission clutch 6 is a hydraulically actuated multi-disk clutch.
  • the input shaft 4 is fastened to an outer disk carrier of the transmission clutch 6, whereas an inner disk carrier of the transmission clutch 6 is rigidly fastened to a pinion 23.
  • Pinion 23 is permanently meshing with an output gear 24 which is fastened to the output shaft 5.
  • the pressure actuated transmission clutch 6 can be fully engaged, fully disengaged or it can be operated in slipping operation.
  • the slipping operation of the transmission clutch 6 can be used to adjust the speed of the output shaft 5 continuously in a range between 100% and 25% with regard to the speed of the input shaft 4.
  • the present invention provides an arrangement and a method to avoid the energy consuming slipping operation of the transmission clutch 6 in the low-speed range, by using only the electric motor 2 for generating the required drive torque and speed, while the transmission clutch 6 is fully engaged.
  • the transmission 3 comprises a main oil pump 7 and an auxiliary oil pump 8.
  • the main oil pump 8 is driven by the input shaft 4 to provide oil to the oil lubrication system, for actuating the pressure actuated input clutch 15 and for actuating the pressure actuated transmission clutch 6.
  • An auxiliary oil pump 8 is positioned outside of the transmission housing 9 and shall be actuated during operation in the low-speed range.
  • the auxiliary oil pump 8 is an electric pump and comprises an electric pump motor.
  • a control unit 101 of the marine hybrid drive unit 100 is arranged to control the propulsion in different operating modes. Especially for operations in the low-speed range, the control unit 101 is configured to actuate the auxiliary oil pump 8 and to generate signals for driving the input shaft 4 solely by the electric motor 2.
  • the control unit 101 contains electronic components and hydraulic components like valves for the control of oil flow and oil pressure in the oil supply system.
  • the control unit 101 further includes interfaces to be connected to a control unit of the combustion engine 1 and/or to other control units of the boat. In other embodiments the control unit 101 may be located at another position in the boat and the control unit 101 may comprise several separate control boxes or devices.
  • the auxiliary oil pump 8 can be actuated by a control unit 101, which is configured to actuate the auxiliary oil pump 8 when a speed control signal is below 5 knots (approx. 9,26 km/h).
  • the speed control signal can be generated by a human machine interface like a control or command lever at the helmstand of the boat.
  • the control unit 101 will receive the speed control signal and generate corresponding command signals to the combustion engine 1, the electric motor 2 and to the auxiliary oil pump 8, depending on the position of the control or command lever.
  • the low speed range can be defined to rotation speeds below a preset threshold in a range between 500 and 700 rpm at the input shaft 4, so that the control unit 101 can actuate the auxiliary oil pump 8 when a sensor signal from an input shaft speed sensor signals a speed of the input shaft 4 below 700 rpm.
  • the oil supply system includes the main oil pump 7, the auxiliary oil pump 8, as well as all required connecting ducts and/or pipes, valves and further hydraulic components to provide and to control an appropriate oil pressure for the actuation of the transmission and the input clutches 6, 15 and for the oil lubrication system.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Unité d'entraînement hybride marine (100) pourvue d'un moteur électrique (2) et d'une transmission (3),
    la transmission (3) comprenant un arbre d'entrée (4), un arbre de sortie (5) et un embrayage de transmission (6) actionné par pression pour connecter sélectivement l'arbre d'entrée (4) à l'arbre de sortie (5), l'arbre d'entrée (4) pouvant être entraîné sélectivement uniquement par un moteur thermique (1), uniquement par le moteur électrique (2) ou simultanément par le moteur thermique (1) et par le moteur électrique (2),
    la transmission (3) comprenant en outre une pompe à huile principale (7), caractérisée par le fait que la pompe à huile principale (7) est entraînée par l'arbre d'entrée (4) pour fournir la pression d'huile nécessaire à l'actionnement de l'embrayage de transmission (6) actionné par pression, et par une pompe à huile auxiliaire (8) permettant de fournir la pression d'huile à l'embrayage de transmission (6) actionné par pression lors du fonctionnement en plage basse vitesse.
  2. Unité d'entraînement hybride marine (100) selon la revendication 1, comprenant une unité de commande (101) configurée pour actionner la pompe à huile auxiliaire (8) lorsqu'un signal de commande de vitesse est inférieur à 5 nœuds.
  3. Unité d'entraînement hybride marine (100) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle l'unité de commande (101) est configurée pour actionner la pompe à huile auxiliaire (8) lorsque la vitesse de rotation de l'arbre d'entrée (4) est inférieure à un seuil prédéfini dans une plage allant de 500 à 700 tr/min.
  4. Unité d'entraînement hybride marine (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'unité de commande (101) est configurée pour actionner la pompe à huile auxiliaire (8) lorsque l'arbre d'entrée (4) est entraîné uniquement par le moteur électrique (2).
  5. Unité d'entraînement hybride marine (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle un embrayage d'entrée (15) actionné par pression est prévu pour connecter et déconnecter le moteur thermique (1) de l'arbre d'entrée (4), et dans laquelle la pompe à huile principale (7) et la pompe à huile auxiliaire (8) sont agencées de manière à fournir l'huile nécessaire à l'actionnement de l'embrayage d'entrée (15) actionné par pression.
  6. Unité d'entraînement hybride marine (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la transmission (3) comprend un système de lubrification à l'huile, et dans laquelle la pompe à huile principale (7) et la pompe à huile auxiliaire (8) sont connectées au système de lubrification à l'huile pour alimenter en huile le système de lubrification à l'huile.
  7. Unité d'entraînement hybride marine (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la pompe à huile auxiliaire (8) est positionnée à l'extérieur d'un carter de transmission (9) de la transmission (3).
  8. Procédé d'entraînement d'une unité d'entraînement hybride marine (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'arbre d'entrée (4) est entraîné en plage basse vitesse uniquement par le moteur électrique (2), tandis que la pression pour l'embrayage de transmission (6) actionné par pression est fournie par une pompe à huile auxiliaire (8).
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, dans lequel la plage basse vitesse est définie par des vitesses de bateau comprises entre 0 et 5 nœuds.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 8, dans lequel la plage basse vitesse est définie par des vitesses de rotation de l'arbre d'entrée (4) inférieures à un seuil prédéfini dans une plage allant de 500 à 700 tr/min.
EP23180308.1A 2023-06-20 2023-06-20 Unité d'entraînement hybride marine et procédé d'entraînement d'une telle unité d'entraînement hybride marine Active EP4480807B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23180308.1A EP4480807B1 (fr) 2023-06-20 2023-06-20 Unité d'entraînement hybride marine et procédé d'entraînement d'une telle unité d'entraînement hybride marine
US18/746,715 US20240425165A1 (en) 2023-06-20 2024-06-18 Marine hybrid drive unit and method to drive such a marine hybrid drive unit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23180308.1A EP4480807B1 (fr) 2023-06-20 2023-06-20 Unité d'entraînement hybride marine et procédé d'entraînement d'une telle unité d'entraînement hybride marine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4480807A1 EP4480807A1 (fr) 2024-12-25
EP4480807B1 true EP4480807B1 (fr) 2025-11-26

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23180308.1A Active EP4480807B1 (fr) 2023-06-20 2023-06-20 Unité d'entraînement hybride marine et procédé d'entraînement d'une telle unité d'entraînement hybride marine

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20240425165A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4480807B1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10005538B4 (de) * 2000-02-08 2009-03-05 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Bootsantrieb
EP2082955A1 (fr) * 2008-01-24 2009-07-29 Jegel, Franz Peter, Ing. Module hybride pour bateaux
US8393926B2 (en) 2009-02-12 2013-03-12 Twin Disc, Inc. Hybrid marine power train system
CN103277505B (zh) * 2013-05-30 2015-10-28 长城汽车股份有限公司 汽车、自动变速器及混合动力液压控制系统
CN109455176B (zh) * 2018-09-17 2020-05-12 一汽解放汽车有限公司 一种基于p2构型的混合动力汽车辅助油泵控制方法
WO2022263076A1 (fr) * 2021-06-15 2022-12-22 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Unité d'entraînement marin dotée d'un circuit d'huile de refroidissement
US12552511B2 (en) * 2022-10-27 2026-02-17 Karel Fortl Planetary gearset and a transmission with the planetary gearset

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4480807A1 (fr) 2024-12-25
US20240425165A1 (en) 2024-12-26

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