EP4481077A1 - Alliage de laiton sans plomb - Google Patents

Alliage de laiton sans plomb Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4481077A1
EP4481077A1 EP24183420.9A EP24183420A EP4481077A1 EP 4481077 A1 EP4481077 A1 EP 4481077A1 EP 24183420 A EP24183420 A EP 24183420A EP 4481077 A1 EP4481077 A1 EP 4481077A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lead
brass alloy
free brass
free
alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP24183420.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Kathrin Lefor
Andreas Heide
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sundwiger Messingwerk GmbH
Original Assignee
Sundwiger Messingwerk GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sundwiger Messingwerk GmbH filed Critical Sundwiger Messingwerk GmbH
Publication of EP4481077A1 publication Critical patent/EP4481077A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lead-free brass alloy for use in the production of components for use in the lock and key industry and in the sanitary sector, a component made of such a lead-free brass alloy and a process for producing a lead-free brass alloy.
  • Brass alloys based on a combination of the elements Cu and Zn are used in a wide range of industries due to their excellent combination of corrosion resistance, good thermal and electrical conductivity, castability, formability and coatability.
  • the high toughness of such copper alloys is particularly advantageous for the semi-finished production of rods, wires and strips.
  • machinability of a material can be assessed in particular with regard to the criteria of cutting force, chip shape, component quality and tool wear.
  • copper alloys according to the DKI ( German Copper Institute: "Recommended machining parameters for copper and copper alloys", DKI Monograph i.18, 2010 .) the evaluation of machinability according to a machinability index is known.
  • the copper alloy CuZn39Pb3 is used for reference purposes, which is considered to be optimally machinable and therefore has a defined machinability index of 100. Decreasing machinability is usually represented by a reduction in the machinability index in steps of 10.
  • Pure copper has the lowest listed index with a machinability index of 20, the lead-free brass alloy CuZn37 achieves an average machinability index of 40, the two-phase brass CuZn42 an average machinability index of 55.
  • Absolute values with regard to a machinability index or a machinability index stated in this application preferably refer to a measurement carried out in accordance with or based on the final report of the research project carried out by the WZL with a precise explanation of the measurement of the machinability index: "Development of a high-performance machining process for difficult-to-machine lead-free copper wrought and cast alloys: Final report of the Research Centre(s) No.
  • lead is subject to continuously increasing legal restrictions due to its toxicity.
  • lead has been classified as a substance of very high concern (SVHC) as soon as an article contains more than 0.1% lead.
  • SVHC very high concern
  • lead or its compounds may not be used or placed on the market as soon as the article contains more than 0.05% lead.
  • EU Drinking Water Regulation (EU Drinking Water Directive 2020/2184), which lowers the limit for lead in drinking water from 10 ⁇ g/l (0.01 mg/l) to 5 ⁇ g/l (0.005 mg/l).
  • EP 2 625 300 B1 A lead-free alloy is also known which contains an addition of 0.1 - 0.8% sulphur and 0.1 - 0.2% manganese as a chip breaker.
  • the proposed ratio between manganese and sulphur has proven to be disadvantageous, in particular it has been recognized that the proposed ratio between manganese and sulphur leads to disadvantageous cold formability.
  • the proposed ratio between manganese and sulphur would lead to the formation of eutectic zinc sulphides when zinc is used, which would have a negative effect on the impact and shock resistance of the material in addition to disadvantageous cold formability.
  • the object of the present invention is to at least partially eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages of known brass alloy systems.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an alloy system that is harmless to health and has excellent processability, in particular improved machinability with a given cold formability.
  • a lead-free brass alloy is intended for use in the manufacture of components for use in the lock and key industry and in the sanitary sector.
  • the lead-free brass alloy according to the invention contains 1 - 45% zinc, 0.01 - 1% sulphur, 0.05 - 5% manganese, optionally a total of 0.001 - 5% of one or more other elements and copper as the remaining part to make up 100%.
  • a lead-free brass alloy can preferably be understood as an alloy which has the elements copper and zinc as main components and is lead-free ( ⁇ 0.1% Pb) except for traces of unavoidable impurities.
  • copper can preferably be the largest component in terms of quantity.
  • traces of unavoidable impurities can also be contained in the lead-free brass alloy according to the invention, which can preferably be contained in the alloy in a proportion of ⁇ 0.5% (in total) and ⁇ 0.2% (for one element), in particular in a proportion of ⁇ 0.2% (in total) and ⁇ 0.1% (for one element).
  • a component for use in the lock and key industry can advantageously be understood to mean components such as locking cylinders, keys, locking fittings, locks or closures.
  • a component for use in the sanitary sector can preferably be understood to mean pipes, pipe connections or fittings or the like. The percentages given can also advantageously be understood as mass fractions.
  • copper represents the main alloy component, wherein copper is preferably present in a proportion of > 55%, particularly preferably in a proportion between 55 and 80%, in particular in a proportion between 63 and 80% in the lead-free brass alloy.
  • the lead-free brass alloy can be processed and produced in a continuous casting process and can be cold-formed.
  • cold-formability can preferably be understood as deforming a shaped body at room temperature up to a degree of deformation of > 40% without the material cracking or being damaged in any other way.
  • the alloy according to the invention can be particularly suitable for being machinable via other production routes, such as direct part casting or semi-finished product production using semi-finished product forms such as rods, tubes or wires.
  • the alloy is also silicon-free and/or bismuth-free and/or nickel-free. Avoiding silicon and bismuth also serves to prevent material embrittlement and the formation of hard phases, which has a negative effect on the cold formability of materials and tool wear. Brass alloys containing silicon are also more difficult to produce by continuous casting. Avoiding nickel can preferably improve the processability, in particular the formability, of the alloy according to the invention.
  • the alloy according to the invention is antimony-free and/or lanthanum-free (contains no antimony and/or lanthanum, or only traces of ⁇ 0.1%).
  • the one or more further elements optionally contained in the lead-free brass alloy in a total of 0.001 - 5% are selected from the group of aluminum, chromium, phosphorus, tellurium, tungsten, magnesium, calcium, iron and cerium.
  • Aluminum can preferably be contained in the lead-free brass alloy in a proportion of ⁇ 0.9% in order to prevent embrittlement of the material and to ensure that the alloy is easy to cast.
  • the lead-free brass alloy has a machinability index of > 50 at least with regard to one of the criteria process force, chip formation, component quality or tool wear, based on the measurement procedure mentioned at the beginning according to the final report of the research project carried out by the WZL.
  • the alloy has monosulfides, the monosulfides preferably being formed largely in the form of manganese sulfide, in particular more than 80% in the form of manganese sulfide.
  • the addition of sulfur according to the invention in combination with the defined manganese content leads to the suppression of the disadvantageous zinc-based or copper-based sulfides of the type M 2 N and causes the formation of spherical manganese sulfides, which improve the machinability and at the same time do not hinder the cold formability of the material.
  • the monosulfides have a spherical morphology. This can advantageously reduce the formation of eutectic Zn-Mn sulfides, which have an embrittling effect and counteract cold formability.
  • the manganese content in the alloy is more than three times the sulphur content, preferably more than four times.
  • the zinc content may be 5 to 38% and/or the copper content 55 to 95%, preferably 63 to 95%.
  • the brass alloy according to the invention can have improved machinability (at least with regard to the criterion of process force, i.e. a lower process force to be applied) compared to a single-phase brass alloy.
  • sulfur is contained in the lead-free brass alloy at a level of 0.05 to 0.5%.
  • Manganese can also advantageously be contained in the nickel silver alloy according to the invention in a proportion of 0.2 to 2%.
  • the brass alloy according to the invention is designed in the form of a fused alloy.
  • a fused alloy can be understood here in particular as an alloy that is produced using a fused alloy process.
  • the invention also relates to a component made of a lead-free brass alloy as described above for use in the lock and key industry or in the sanitary sector.
  • the component according to the invention thus offers the same advantages as have already been described in detail with regard to the lead-free brass alloy according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a lead-free brass alloy, preferably a lead-free brass alloy as described above.
  • the method according to the invention comprises the steps of mixing the following alloy components in accordance with the specified proportions to produce a component mixture: 1 - 45% zinc, 0.01 - 1% sulfur, 0.05 - 5% manganese, optionally a total of 0.001 - 5% one or more other elements and copper as the remaining part missing to a total of 100%, heating the component mixture to melt the components and cooling the melted lead-free brass alloy.
  • the method according to the invention thus brings with it the same advantages as have already been described in detail with regard to the lead-free brass alloy according to the invention or the component described above.
  • the alloy is produced using a melt flow process or a sintering process.
  • a melt flow process can be understood in particular as primary forming from a melt.
  • a melt flow process can be particularly suitable in view of high homogeneity, high density (low porosity) and high strength and toughness of an alloy material.
  • impurities can usually be removed very efficiently in a melt flow process.
  • the alloy is further processed after production by means of an extrusion process and/or by means of a cold forming process.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the individual steps of a method according to the invention for producing a lead-free brass alloy.
  • the method according to the invention comprises the steps of mixing 100 of the following alloy components according to the indicated proportions to produce a component mixture: 1 - 45 % zinc, 0.01 -1% sulphur, 0.05 - 5% manganese, optionally a total of 0.001 - 5% one or more other elements and copper as the remaining part to make up 100%, heating 200 of the component mixture to fuse the components and cooling 300 of the fused lead-free brass alloy.
  • the alloy can be produced, for example, using a melt flow process or a sintering process.
  • the alloy can be further processed after production by means of an extrusion process and/or by means of a cold forming process.
  • Table 1 lists some exemplary compositions for a lead-free brass alloy according to the invention. The ratios given are to be understood as parts by weight. The "R” in the column for copper stands for the remainder or the remaining proportion. ⁇ i>Table 1 ⁇ /i> No.
  • lead-free brass alloy listed above it is possible in particular to provide a material that is harmless to health for the production of components for use in the lock and key industry as well as in the sanitary sector, which is easy to process and in particular has excellent cold formability and machinability.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
EP24183420.9A 2023-06-20 2024-06-20 Alliage de laiton sans plomb Pending EP4481077A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102023116139.3A DE102023116139A1 (de) 2023-06-20 2023-06-20 Bleifreie Messinglegierung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4481077A1 true EP4481077A1 (fr) 2024-12-25

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EP24183420.9A Pending EP4481077A1 (fr) 2023-06-20 2024-06-20 Alliage de laiton sans plomb

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EP (1) EP4481077A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102023116139A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN119464830B (zh) * 2025-01-16 2025-04-04 国工恒昌新材料(义乌)有限公司 一种耐磨锰黄铜合金材料及其加工方法
DE102025106250A1 (de) 2025-02-19 2026-02-26 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Kupfer-Zink-Legierung zur Herstellung eines Wälzlagerkäfigs, Wälzlagerkäfig und Wälzlager

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE889984C (de) 1944-02-11 1953-09-14 Wieland Werke Ag Verwendung von Kupfer-Zink-Legierungen fuer spanabhebend zu bearbeitende Werkstuecke
GB2211206A (en) 1987-10-16 1989-06-28 Imi Yorkshire Fittings Casting alloy
US20120237393A1 (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-09-20 Sloan Valve Company Low Lead Alloy
US20160130685A1 (en) * 2013-09-04 2016-05-12 Hunan Terry New Materials Company Ltd. Lead-free, high-sulphur and easy-cutting copper-manganese alloy and preparation method thereof
EP2625300B1 (fr) 2010-10-08 2016-12-21 KME Germany GmbH & Co. KG Alliage de cuivre
CZ306429B6 (cs) * 2015-10-07 2017-01-18 Comtes Fht A.S. Obrobitelná mosaz se sníženým obsahem olova vhodná pro tváření válcováním za studena
CN109457140A (zh) * 2018-10-09 2019-03-12 天门市华中钢带锯业有限责任公司 一种复合型冷轧铜材料

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120121455A1 (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-05-17 Sloan Valve Company Low lead ingot
EP2960350B1 (fr) * 2014-06-27 2017-11-29 Gebr. Kemper GmbH + Co. KG Metallwerke Alliage de fonte au cuivre
CN115305381A (zh) * 2021-05-13 2022-11-08 湖南特力新材料有限公司 一种无铅易切削黄铜合金及其制造工艺
CN115305382A (zh) * 2021-05-13 2022-11-08 湖南特力新材料有限公司 一种无铅易切削黄铜及其制备方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE889984C (de) 1944-02-11 1953-09-14 Wieland Werke Ag Verwendung von Kupfer-Zink-Legierungen fuer spanabhebend zu bearbeitende Werkstuecke
GB2211206A (en) 1987-10-16 1989-06-28 Imi Yorkshire Fittings Casting alloy
EP2625300B1 (fr) 2010-10-08 2016-12-21 KME Germany GmbH & Co. KG Alliage de cuivre
US20120237393A1 (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-09-20 Sloan Valve Company Low Lead Alloy
US20160130685A1 (en) * 2013-09-04 2016-05-12 Hunan Terry New Materials Company Ltd. Lead-free, high-sulphur and easy-cutting copper-manganese alloy and preparation method thereof
CZ306429B6 (cs) * 2015-10-07 2017-01-18 Comtes Fht A.S. Obrobitelná mosaz se sníženým obsahem olova vhodná pro tváření válcováním za studena
CN109457140A (zh) * 2018-10-09 2019-03-12 天门市华中钢带锯业有限责任公司 一种复合型冷轧铜材料

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