EP4499367A1 - Verfahren und anordnung zur energie-rückgewinnung beim extrudieren - Google Patents
Verfahren und anordnung zur energie-rückgewinnung beim extrudierenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4499367A1 EP4499367A1 EP23715459.6A EP23715459A EP4499367A1 EP 4499367 A1 EP4499367 A1 EP 4499367A1 EP 23715459 A EP23715459 A EP 23715459A EP 4499367 A1 EP4499367 A1 EP 4499367A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- extruder
- transfer medium
- coolant
- heat transfer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/82—Heating or cooling
- B29B7/826—Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
- B29B7/885—Adding charges, i.e. additives with means for treating, e.g. milling, the charges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
- B29B7/90—Fillers or reinforcements, e.g. fibres
- B29B7/905—Fillers or reinforcements, e.g. fibres with means for pretreatment of the charges or fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
- B29B9/065—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion under-water, e.g. underwater pelletizers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0022—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the extruded material strand is granulated in a granulator downstream of the extruder, for example in the form of strand granulation, water granulation or underwater granulation.
- the plastic material is also cooled in the area of the granulator, typically using a liquid coolant, although in practice water is usually used as the coolant.
- a model system for producing plastic granules has the following key data: an extruder produces 1 t of plastic material per hour. This material leaves the extruder at a temperature of around 200 °C. It is cooled down to around 40 °C using a cooling liquid in order to reach its packaging temperature, at which the material can be packed in big bags or octabins, for example, and at which it is impossible the individual granules can stick together due to the residual heat inherent in them.
- water is used as a cooling liquid and is circulated, for example a quantity of water of approximately 500 to 2,000 liters. In order to cool the water, which is heated by the extruded plastic material, to a sufficiently low temperature, which is the desired one To enable cooling of the extruded material, a cooling capacity of around 100 to 140 kW must be installed in this model system.
- the raw material to be extruded is usually freed from adhering water before it enters the extruder in order to prevent the formation of steam bubbles in the extruder as much as possible.
- the delivered raw material can have a residual moisture of around 10%. Drying is often carried out using a thermal dryer. Each liter of water to be removed requires an installed drying capacity of approximately 1 kW.
- plastic granulate essentially consists of the two process steps of extrusion and subsequent granulation.
- process energy required for these core processes in practice the production of plastic granulate requires considerable additional energy expenditure for secondary processes, namely for drying the raw material and cooling the extruded and granulated material.
- the invention is based on the object of improving a generic method in such a way that the production of plastic granules can be carried out with the highest possible efficiency in terms of the installed power required for this and with the lowest possible environmental impact. Furthermore, the invention is based on the object of: Specify a suitable facility for carrying out this procedure.
- the invention proposes supplying the coolant that has been heated in the granulator to a heat pump.
- the coolant can be supplied directly to the heat pump so that it can transfer its heat content directly to the heat pump.
- two heat transfer circuits can be used, so that the coolant flowing through the granulator and guided in a first circuit can transfer its heat content indirectly to the heat pump, for example by connecting the heat pump to a heat exchanger which is in the first circuit is integrated.
- the second circuit namely the heat transfer medium flowing through the heat pump, can be kept free of loads that may burden the first circuit, namely, for example, dirt loads or particles resulting from the granulation process.
- a comparatively high temperature level of a heat transfer medium heated in the heat pump can be achieved with a comparatively low energy expenditure, which would otherwise require a higher use of separate energy sources, for example through the combustion of finite raw materials such as gas or oil.
- the significantly higher temperature level of the heat transfer medium allows the heat to be used as process or heating heat.
- the process heat can, for example, be used in the proposed method itself, e.g. B. for drying the raw material used.
- the heat can be used in the form of convection and/or radiant heat, for example by heating the housing walls, rotor axis, paddle arms and/or paddles of the dryer, or by blowing hot air into the dryer.
- the heat of the warm heat transfer medium can be used to directly heat components of the dryer by, for example, directing the liquid heat transfer medium into the housing walls, the rotor axis, the paddle arms and / or the paddles of the dryer.
- the heat of the warm heat transfer medium can be used to indirectly heat components of the dryer by transferring the heat contained in the liquid heat transfer medium to a gas, e.g. B. by means of an air/water heat exchanger, and this gas is passed into the respective components of the dryer in order to heat them up.
- the granules produced have a lower economic value than granules produced from virgin plastic material .
- the manufacturing costs can be reduced because the process heat that is already generated in the core processes can be used for secondary processes such as drying or cooling.
- the proposed manufacturing process offers two advantages: the impact on the environment is reduced in that the waste heat from the extruded material is not simply released into the environment, for example by passing the coolant through a cooler through which ambient air flows and the coolant is cooled by releasing its heat into the ambient air. Rather, the heat absorbed by the coolant is made usable by the proposed heat pump, as will be explained in more detail below.
- a second economic advantage can arise from the fact that by using the heat contained in the coolant, the use of separately generated process heat elsewhere can be eliminated or reduced.
- the heat that arises in the zones of corresponding temperature in particular, for example, in the hot zones of the extruder, the melt filter or similar components of the system and that is given off in the form of radiant heat.
- the radiant heat can also be used to heat up a heat transfer medium, for example to generate warm air, which can also be used, for example, for drying moist primary material.
- the coolant e.g. water
- leaves the granulator at a temperature of 40 °C for example, because the water circulated serves to cool the plastic granules produced in the granulator to the packaging temperature of 40 °C, so that the coolant flow is adjusted accordingly, not to exceed this temperature.
- the water is accordingly introduced into the heat pump at a temperature of 40 °C in order to generate a temperature level of 60 °C or more, advantageously 80 to 90 °C, using the heat pump.
- the heat pump can be designed in multiple stages, i.e. include two or more heat pump stages connected in series.
- the medium used in granulation for example water
- This separation of the heat transfer media in two separate circuits ensures that the unit that cools down the second cooling circuit is not contaminated with fine particles that come from granulation and are generated during the granulation process.
- a filter can be installed upstream of the heat exchanger in the granulation water. This ensures better heat transfer efficiency even for longer periods of time.
- the heat can be used to preheat the supplied raw material before it enters the extruder, so that the amount of energy required to plasticize the material in the extruder can be reduced,
- the heat can be used to olfactorily clean the plastic material by denaturing organic deposits. This can be done, for example, at the beginning of the process by treating the raw material provided by means of a hot wash using caustic soda and/or other suitable means before the raw material enters the extruder.
- the heat at the end of the process can be used to heat the granules produced and for a certain period of time, e.g. B. to be kept at or above a certain minimum temperature for several hours (e.g. 8 - 30 h) so that volatile contaminants and odors can diffuse out, so that the granules undergo a final olfactory cleaning,
- the heat can be used to heat a building, for example the building in which the system is located, so that the need for external energy sources such as gas or oil for building heating can be reduced,
- the heat can be used to heat buildings in close proximity, for example production halls or administrative buildings that are located on the same property as the building in which the system is located, so that heat losses from the heat transfer medium can be kept as low as possible by using appropriately short pipe routes ,
- the diagram illustrates a process and a system 1 for the production of plastic granules.
- Recycling material which contains plastic components but also components made of plant fibers, is placed into a dryer 3 as raw material 2 - indicated by an arrow - in order to reduce the moisture of the raw material 2.
- the dryer 3 has a double-walled housing 17 and in its interior a rotatable shaft 18, which is also referred to as a rotor axis and is equipped with several paddles 19 in order to loosen the recycling material in the dryer 3, circulate it and ventilate it on all sides if possible.
- the dried raw material 2 is fed from the dryer 3 into an extruder 4, plasticized and extruded into a material strand, which is granulated in a granulator 5 downstream of the extruder 4, i.e. is divided into a large number of small particles.
- the plastic granulate 6 produced in this way also indicated by an arrow - is packed in large containers and can be used as a raw material and further processed in the plastics processing industry, similar to virgin plastic granulate.
- a liquid coolant, water in the exemplary embodiment shown, is circulated through the extruder 4 and the granulator 5.
- the cold coolant is marked 7, which is fed to the extruder 4 and the granulator 5 at its low temperature.
- a drive motor, a gear, a vacuum degassing or the like can be cooled.
- the cold coolant 7 After the cold coolant 7 has warmed up and cooled the plastic material and possibly system components, it emerges from the extruder 4 and the granulator 5 and is marked as warm coolant with 8 in the diagram.
- a heat pump 9 in which a liquid heat transfer medium is heated, is connected to the first heat exchanger 20 by connecting lines 21.
- water serves as a heat transfer medium that flows through the heat pump 9.
- the connecting lines 21 effect heat transfer from the first heat exchanger 20 to the heat pump 9, and on the other hand they create two separate heat transfer circuits, one of which flows through the first heat exchanger 20 and the other through the heat pump 9.
- a filter can be arranged in order to remove the mentioned residual particles from the granulation process from the first circuit. The remaining particles can be added to the raw material 2, for example.
- the heat transfer medium is heated in the heat pump 9, with the warm heat transfer medium being marked 10 in the diagram.
- the warm heat transfer medium 10 is guided into a second heat exchanger 11, which is designed as an air/water heat exchanger.
- Cold air 12 flows in the second heat exchanger 11, is heated there, and the hot air 14 thus generated is blown into the interior of the dryer 3 by means of a blower 15 in order to thermally dry the raw material 2 located in the dryer 3.
- part of the moisture-laden and now cooled hot air 14 can be blown outdoors, but air drying can also be provided, for example in the form of a condensate dryer or the like.
- the cold air 12 can be sucked in as fresh air from outside into the second heat exchanger 11.
- the diagram shows that the cold air 12 is sucked in from the dryer 3, so that an intensive air flow through the raw material 2 in the dryer 3 is caused, which improves the drying performance.
- the energy balance is also improved because the hot air 14 is circulated and contains residual heat when, now cooled, it is sucked in as cold air 12 from the dryer 3.
- the cold air 12 is passed through a condensate separator, not shown in the drawing, before it reaches the second heat exchanger 11.
- a mixed operating mode is possible in such a way that the cold air 12 is partly fresh air and partly circulated air sucked in from the dryer 3.
- the warm heat transfer medium 10 is led from the heat pump 9 into the double-walled housing 17 of the dryer 3.
- the shaft 18 and the paddles 19 can also be designed to allow flow through them, so that they can be heated by the warm heat transfer medium 10 and support the drying process of the raw material 2 through the heat radiation emitted.
- Heat is removed from the warm heat transfer medium 10 in the second heat exchanger 11 as well as in the double-walled housing 17 and possibly in the shaft 18 and the paddles 19, so that the heat carrier flows back to the heat pump 9 as a cold heat transfer medium 16 in order to be heated up again there.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022107129.4A DE102022107129A1 (de) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Verfahren und Anordnung zur Energie-Rückgewinnung beim Extrudieren |
| PCT/EP2023/057576 WO2023180498A1 (de) | 2022-03-25 | 2023-03-23 | Verfahren und anordnung zur energie-rückgewinnung beim extrudieren |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4499367A1 true EP4499367A1 (de) | 2025-02-05 |
Family
ID=85937272
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23715459.6A Pending EP4499367A1 (de) | 2022-03-25 | 2023-03-23 | Verfahren und anordnung zur energie-rückgewinnung beim extrudieren |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4499367A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022107129A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023180498A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023128364A1 (de) * | 2023-10-17 | 2025-04-17 | Brückner Maschinenbau GmbH | System zur Herstellung von Kunstofffolie sowie Verfahren |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3137998A1 (de) | 1981-09-24 | 1983-03-31 | Karl-Heinz 5000 Köln Seifer | Verfahren zur rationellen energieverwertung |
| DE4337205C2 (de) | 1993-10-30 | 1996-02-08 | R & T Umwelt Gmbh | Verfahren zur Wärmerückgewinnung aus Extrusions- und Granuliervorrichtungen von Kunststoffrecyclinganlagen und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
| DE102008023046A1 (de) | 2008-05-09 | 2009-11-12 | Coperion Gmbh | Kunststoffgranulieranlage sowie Kunststoffgranulierverfahren |
| DE102008062480A1 (de) * | 2008-12-16 | 2010-06-17 | Automatik Plastics Machinery Gmbh | Verfahren zum Granulieren von Kunststoff mit hoher Erweichungstemperatur |
| DE102010040984A1 (de) | 2010-09-16 | 2012-03-22 | Greiner Tool.Tec Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung einer Extrudatoberfläche |
| DE102011004429A1 (de) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-23 | Coperion Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Granulaten aus polymeren Werkstoffen |
| DE202011104968U1 (de) * | 2011-08-25 | 2012-11-26 | Gala Industries, Inc. | Schmelzeverarbeitungsanlage |
| JP5805024B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-11 | 2015-11-04 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 混練造粒製造装置における熱の再利用方法及び混練造粒製造装置 |
| DE202013001692U1 (de) * | 2013-02-21 | 2014-05-22 | Gala Industries, Inc. | Schmelzeverarbeitungsanlage |
| CN104924480A (zh) | 2015-02-10 | 2015-09-23 | 南昌大学 | 一种立式废旧塑料造粒机 |
-
2022
- 2022-03-25 DE DE102022107129.4A patent/DE102022107129A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-03-23 WO PCT/EP2023/057576 patent/WO2023180498A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-03-23 EP EP23715459.6A patent/EP4499367A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023180498A1 (de) | 2023-09-28 |
| DE102022107129A1 (de) | 2023-09-28 |
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