Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
  • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
  • F25J1/0027—Oxides of carbon, e.g. CO2
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
  • B01D53/265—Drying gases or vapours by refrigeration (condensation)
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
  • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
  • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
  • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
  • C10L3/106—Removal of contaminants of water
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
  • F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
  • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
  • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
  • F25J1/0254—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation controlling particular process parameter, e.g. pressure, temperature
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
  • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
  • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
  • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
  • F25J1/0254—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation controlling particular process parameter, e.g. pressure, temperature
  • F25J1/0255—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation controlling particular process parameter, e.g. pressure, temperature controlling the composition of the feed or liquefied gas, e.g. to achieve a particular heating value of natural gas
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
  • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
  • B01D2253/102—Carbon
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
  • B01D2257/304—Hydrogen sulfide
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
  • B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/80—Water
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
  • B01D2258/05—Biogas
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
  • F25J2210/04—Mixing or blending of fluids with the feed stream
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
  • F25J2210/66—Landfill or fermentation off-gas, e.g. "Bio-gas"
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
  • F25J2210/80—Carbon dioxide
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
  • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
  • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
  • F25J2220/66—Separating acid gases, e.g. CO2, SO2, H2S or RSH
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
  • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
  • F25J2220/68—Separating water or hydrates
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
  • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
  • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
  • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for conditioning biogas in compact form and a device for conditioning biogas in compact form. It applies, in particular, to the field of treatment and conditioning of biogas with a view to the valorization of said biogas.
• a difficulty In the field of biogas (or biomethane), a difficulty consists of collecting biogas produced on a small scale and in places far from the gas transport network.
• the problem is that due to the high carbon dioxide content of the biogas (typically greater than 35% of the molar mass), the carbon dioxide can condense during compression and therefore this requires a specific expensive compressor capable of evacuating the carbon dioxide which condenses during treatment,
• the problem is that - taking into account once again the high carbon dioxide content of the biogas - the risk is that part of the carbon dioxide crystallizes well before the mixture enriched with methane is liquid and therefore this blocks the process by progressive blocking of the exchangers,
• - modify the composition of the biogas by adding a third component making it possible to block the crystallization of carbon dioxide and therefore condense the biogas in liquid form - the third component, typically a C3 to C7 type hydrocarbon, always requires liquefaction at temperatures low (at least -50°C and more often below -80°C) if we want to limit the quantity of third component so as not to burden the logistics chain too much, in addition to difficulties linked to the regeneration of this third component which often requires specific separation with a distillation column.
• a third component typically a C3 to C7 type hydrocarbon
• the present invention aims to remedy all or part of these drawbacks.
• the present invention aims at a process for packaging biogas in compact form, which comprises:
• the cooling step comprises a heat exchange step with at least partially liquid carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide leaving the heat exchange step being used during the injection step.
• the liquid carbon dioxide used during the heat exchange step has a pressure greater than or equal to 6 bara.
• the cold of the vaporized liquid carbon dioxide makes it possible to complete the condensation of the mixture of biogas and carbon dioxide, making it possible to implement only one cooling cycle down to 0°C.
• the process which is the subject of the present invention comprises a step of separating water contained in the biogas flow resulting from the input step and/or in the mixture resulting from the injection step.
• the process which is the subject of the present invention comprises a step of drying the biogas upstream of a step of the process using a temperature below 0°C.
• the process which is the subject of the present invention comprises an additional step of purifying the biogas with water upstream of a step of the process using a temperature below 0°C.
• the process which is the subject of the present invention comprises a step of separating hydrogen sulphide contained in the biogas stream resulting from the input step and/or in the mixture resulting from the step of injection.
• the process which is the subject of the present invention comprises a step of separating volatile organic compounds contained in the flow resulting from the input step and/or in the mixture resulting from the injection step.
• the process which is the subject of the present invention comprises, downstream of the compression step, a step of pre-cooling the mixture to a temperature less than or equal to 2°C.
• the mixture compression step is configured to compress the mixture to a pressure between 80 bara and 120 bara.
• the present invention aims at a biogas conditioning device in compact form, which comprises:
• Figure 1 represents, schematically and in the form of a flowchart, a first particular succession of steps of the process which is the subject of the present invention
• Figure 2 represents, schematically, a first particular embodiment of the device which is the subject of the present invention
• Figure 3 represents, schematically and in the form of a flowchart, a second particular succession of steps of the process which is the subject of the present invention
• Figure 4 represents, schematically, a second particular embodiment of the device which is the subject of the present invention.
• Figure 5 represents, schematically, a third particular embodiment of the device which is the subject of the present invention.
• Figure 6 represents, schematically and in the form of a flowchart, a second particular embodiment of the device which is the subject of the present invention.
• Figure 7 represents, schematically and in the form of a flowchart, a third particular embodiment of the device which is the subject of the present invention.
• Figure 8 represents, schematically, a fourth particular embodiment of the device which is the subject of the present invention.
• a reference to "A and/or B", when used in conjunction with open language such as “comprising” may refer, in one embodiment, to A only ( possibly including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to B only (possibly including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, to A and B (possibly including other elements); etc.
• the expression "at least one”, with reference to a list of one or more elements, must be understood as meaning at least one element chosen from one or more multiple items in the item list, but not necessarily including at least one of each item specifically listed in the item list and not excluding any combination of items in the item list.
• This definition also allows the optional presence of elements other than the elements specifically identified in the list of elements to which the expression “at least one” refers, whether or not they relate to these specifically identified elements.
• At least one of A and B may refer, in one embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A, without B present (and optionally including elements other than B); in another embodiment, at least one, optionally comprising more than one, B, without A present (and optionally comprising elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, at least one, optionally comprising more than one, A, and at least one, optionally comprising more than one, B (and optionally comprising other elements); etc.
• biogas flow comprising at least methane means a flow which may comprise in addition to methane at least one of the following elements:
• This process 100 for packaging biogas in compact form includes:
• the entry step 105 is carried out, for example, by an entry means 205 as shown in Figure 2.
• an entry means 205 is, for example, a pipe configured to transport a flow of biogas comprising at less methane.
• This line can be connected to a tank (not shown) or directly or indirectly connected to a port compatible with the line.
• a port is, for example, configured to be connected to a mobile tank, of the tank truck type for example.
• the exact nature of the input means 205 depends on the case of use of the process method 100 which is the subject of the present invention and its exact implementation is of no importance provided that the biogas comprising at least methane can be conveyed to an injection means 215 of carbon dioxide.
• the measurement step 110 is carried out, for example, by the implementation of a means 210 for measuring the flow rate of the biogas flow as shown in Figure 2.
• a measurement means 210 is, for example, a flow meter or any other sensor suitable for measuring fluid flow in a pipe.
• the measurement step 110 is not present in the method 100, the device 200 carrying out the method 100 being adapted for a nominal and stable flow rate of biogas flow, the injection of gaseous carbon dioxide being adapted at this predetermined nominal flow rate to reach a determined proportion in the mixture resulting from the injection.
• the injection step 115 is carried out, for example, by an injection means 215 as shown in Figure 2.
• an injection means 215 is, for example, a pipe for injecting carbon dioxide into the biogas flow.
• the injection means 215 is a mixer with two inlets, one for the biogas flow and the other for the carbon dioxide, and with an outlet for the mixture thus formed.
• the mixing flow has the following characteristics:
• the carbon dioxide injected into the biogas stream is injected in liquid form.
• the carbon dioxide injected into the biogas stream has a temperature lower than the temperature of the biogas.
• the device 200 carrying out the method 100 which is the subject of the present invention comprises a biogas temperature sensor (not shown), the flow rate of carbon dioxide injected into the biogas being controlled by the measured temperature.
• the carbon dioxide used during the injection step 115 is initially stored in a tank (not shown), in liquid and/or gaseous form.
• the process 100 which is the subject of the present invention comprises a step (not shown) of expanding the carbon dioxide upstream of the injection step 215.
• This expansion step is carried out, for example, by an expansion means 214 as shown in Figure 2.
• This expansion means 214 is, for example, an expansion valve.
• the carbon dioxide flow has the following characteristics:
• the carbon dioxide flow has the following characteristics:
• the compression step 120 is carried out, for example, by a compression means 220 as shown in Figure 2.
• a compression means 220 is, for example, example, a turbine compressor or any other type of compressor adapted to the particular operating conditions of the mixture of biogas and carbon dioxide.
• the compression step 120 is carried out at a value between 80 bara and 120 bara.
• the cooling step 125 is carried out, for example, by a cooling means 225 as shown in Figure 2.
• a cooling means 225 is, for example, a heat exchanger of any type adapted to the particular operating conditions of the mixture of biogas and carbon dioxide.
• the heat exchanger is a tubular or finned heat exchanger.
• the cooling step 125 comprises a heat exchange step 305 with at least partially liquid carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide leaving the step 305 heat exchange being implemented during the injection step 115.
• This heat exchange step 305 is carried out, for example, by the heat exchange means 225 implemented during the heat exchange step 125, in which the carbon dioxide acts as a cold fluid.
• the process 300 which is the subject of the present invention comprises a step (not shown) of expanding the carbon dioxide upstream of the heat exchange step 305.
• This expansion step is carried out, for example, by an expansion means 224 as shown in Figure 2.
• This expansion means 224 is, for example, an expansion valve.
• the carbon dioxide flow has the following characteristics:
• the carbon dioxide flow has the following characteristics:
• the carbon dioxide used during heat exchange step 305 has a pressure greater than or equal to 6 bara.
• the output step 130 is carried out, for example, by an output means 230 as shown in Figure 2.
• Such an output means 230 is, for example, a pipe allowing the transfer of the cooled mixture during the step 225 cooling.
• the mixing flow has the following characteristics:
• the gas mixture cooled during the cooling step 225 is stored in a tank (not shown), in liquid and/or gaseous form.
• the process 300 comprises a step 315 of separating water contained in the biogas flow resulting from the input step 105 and /or in the mixture resulting from injection step 115.
• the separation step 315 can be carried out, for example, by a separation means 207, as shown in Figure 2.
• a separation means 207 is, for example, a water separator by condensation.
• the separation step 315 can also be carried out, for example, by a separation means 209, as shown in Figure 2.
• a separation means 209 is, for example, a water separator by condensation.
• This separation means 209 is also called “drying and polishing means” of the mixture.
• this drying and polishing means is configured to lower the dew point to 2°C / 88 bara.
• the process 300 comprises a step 320 of separating hydrogen sulphide contained in the biogas flow resulting from step 105 of input and/or in the mixture resulting from the injection step 115.
• the step 320 of separating the hydrogen sulfide can be carried out, for example, by a separation means 208, as shown in Figure 2.
• a separation means 208 separation is, for example, an activated carbon filter positioned downstream of the mixer 215.
• the step 320 of separating the hydrogen sulfide can be carried out, for example, by a separation means 208, as shown in Figure 4.
• a separation means 208 is, for example, an activated carbon filter positioned in upstream of the mixer 215.
• the process 300 comprises a step 320 of separating volatile organic compounds contained in the flow coming from the input step 105 and/or or in the mixture resulting from the injection step 115.
• This separation step 320 of separation of volatile organic compounds can be carried out jointly with the step 320 of separation of hydrogen sulfide.
• the hydrogen sulfide purification step 320 is carried out, for example, by a separation means 209, as shown in Figure 2.
• a separation means 209 is, for example, an activated carbon filter.
• the process 600 comprises a step of drying 605 of the biogas upstream of a step of the process implementing a temperature below 0° vs.
• This step implementing a temperature below 0°C corresponds, for example, to a heat exchange step 305 or to a pre-cooling step 330 according to the implementation specifications of the process which is the subject of the present invention.
• the drying step 605 is carried out, for example, by a drying means 405, as shown in Figure 4.
• a drying means 405 is, for example, a heat exchanger combined with a phase separator container.
• the process 600 comprises an additional water purification step 610 of the biogas upstream of a step of the process implementing a temperature below 0°C.
• This additional purification can for example be carried out using an adsorption system to lower the dew point temperature of the biogas to a value below -50°C.
• the additional water purification step 610 is carried out, for example, by a water purification means 410, as shown in Figure 4.
• a water purification means 410 is, for example, molecular sieves.
• the process 700 comprises a step 705 of desaturation of the biogas resulting from the input step 105.
• the desaturation step 705 is carried out, for example, by a desaturation means 505, as shown in Figure 5.
• a desaturation means 505 is, for example, a heat exchanger combined with a phase separator container.
• the process 700 comprises a step 710 of purifying the biogas from the biogas with hydrogen sulphide and/or volatile organic compounds.
• step 705 of desaturation is a step 710 of purifying the biogas from the biogas with hydrogen sulphide and/or volatile organic compounds.
• the step 710 of purifying the biogas is carried out, for example, by a means 510 of purifying the biogas, as shown in Figure 5.
• a means 510 of purifying the biogas is, for example, a carbon filter assets.
• the biogas flow has the following characteristics:
• the process 300 which is the subject of the present invention comprises a step 330 of pre-cooling the mixture to a temperature less than or equal to 2°C.
• This pre-cooling step 330 is carried out, for example, by a pre-cooling means 222, as shown in Figure 2.
• a pre-cooling means 222 is, for example, a heat exchanger.
• the pre-cooling step 330 is carried out in two pre-cooling sub-steps.
• Such a variant is shown in Figure 2 and comprises an initial pre-cooling means 221 followed by a pre-cooling means 222.
• the mixture flow has the following characteristics:
• the mixture flow has the following characteristics:
• This process 300 for packaging biogas in compact form comprises, in addition to the steps described with reference to Figure 1, at least one of the steps mentioned below.
• FIG 2 schematically, an embodiment of the device 200 which is the subject of the present invention.
• This device 200 for packaging biogas in compact form includes:
• FIG 8 schematically, a particular embodiment of the device 800 for conditioning biogas in compact form, which comprises:
• This particular embodiment of the device 800 notably implements, in addition:
• cooling cycle 810 at a temperature between -50°C and 5°C, configured to act as a cold fluid in the cooling means 225.
• the cooling of the mixture and the supply of carbon dioxide are separate.
• the method and the device which are the subject of the present invention allow the condensation of biogas, that is to say on the one hand with a final mixing density greater than 380 kg/m 3 and a specific density of methane (most valuable compound) in the mixture greater than 90 kg/m 3 , at temperatures greater than or equal to -50°C (therefore a level which is not cryogenic) and even preferably greater than or equal to -20°C and at pressures less than or equal to 120 bara and preferably less than or equal to 100 bara.

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• 2022
  • 2022-03-28 FR FR2202774A patent/FR3133906B1/fr active Active
• 2023
  • 2023-03-23 CA CA3244219A patent/CA3244219A1/fr active Pending
  • 2023-03-23 US US18/839,427 patent/US20250180284A1/en active Pending
  • 2023-03-23 EP EP23713378.0A patent/EP4500100A1/de active Pending
  • 2023-03-23 WO PCT/EP2023/057527 patent/WO2023186707A1/fr not_active Ceased

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