Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
  • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
  • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
  • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
  • H01H9/443—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using permanent magnets
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H1/00—Contacts
  • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
  • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
  • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
  • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
  • H01H73/02—Details
  • H01H73/04—Contacts
  • H01H73/045—Bridging contacts
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
  • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet

Definitions

• the technical field of the invention is that of contactor chambers.
• the invention relates to a double-pole double-break bidirectional contactor, which is suitable for mounting on busbars.
• a contactor is obtained which is compact and which can be used in electrical power distribution, in particular in an aircraft.
• a contactor is a remote-controlled electrical switch used to establish or interrupt the flow of an electric current.
• the contactor can be single-pole, two-pole, three-pole or four-pole, depending on whether it has one, two, three or four power contacts (poles).
• bipolar or double pole bidirectional contactor with double cutoff (translation contactor).
• double-pole double-cut bidirectional contactor makes it possible, for example, to simultaneously cut off the positive terminal and the negative terminal of an HVDC battery.
• a movable bridge 2 between a closed state and an open state, comprising a first movable contact 20 and a second movable contact 21;
• said cutting chamber comprising:
• each arc guide directing from a movable contact of the movable bridge 2 towards its respective fin block 4.
• Arc blowing in the contactor is magnetic blowing by permanent magnet. This is a proven technique, which is found in HVDC high voltage direct current contactors and circuit breakers. It generates a magnetic field which, by interacting with the arc, allows it to move according to the Laplace force.
• the arc guides direct the arcs to their respective fin blocks, with the fin blocks serving as an arc quenching device.
• Each block allows you to split and extinguish an arc directed towards the block.
• Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the double electrical contacts of a bidirectional double-break contactor
• the contactor comprises, on the one hand, first and second fixed contacts 30, 31 and, on the other hand, first and second movable contacts 20, 21 on a movable bridge 2.
• the first movable contact 20 faces the first fixed contact 30 and the second movable contact 21 faces each other of the second fixed contact 31.
• Figure 2 represents the movable bridge 2 in the open state. When the movable bridge 2 is in the closed state, a current i can move from the first fixed contact 30 to the second fixed contact 31 by crossing the movable bridge 2.
• the contactor is said to be bidirectional, because the electrical circulation of the current can be reversed in such a way that the current moves from the second fixed contact 31 towards the first fixed contact 30 crossing the mobile bridge 2, the direction of the physical current being reversed at the level of the contacts 30, 20, 31, 21.
• a double-pole double-break contactor 12 has two breaking chambers la, lb.
• busbar is an English term commonly used in the field of electrical distribution, which can be translated as “busbar” or "interconnection bar”, and which is an element allowing both a mechanical link and an electrical link
• the two chambers are arranged parallel and adjacent (adjoined one to the 'other), in order to minimize the bulk and facilitate the exit of fixing lugs 8 for the installation of the contactor 12 in a distribution box 13.
• Figure 3 shows the installation of a bidirectional contactor 12 double pole with double cutoff in a distribution box 13 with a power busbar 15 and the directions of flow of currents i. One pole of the connector can thus be connected, to the output of the distribution box, by wiring
• Figure 4 details a side view of a double-pole double-break bidirectional contactor of the prior art which can be mounted on busbars, the magnetic field B being in the same direction in the two cut-off chambers la, lb; we also see the arcs when the power contacts open.
• the walls behind the fins create a blockage of airflow, which can prevent the arc from entering the fins.
• this is not a problem because we can create orifices in the walls or completely eliminate them, but we cannot remove the wall 11 separating the two chambers due to the risk of short- circuit.
• the inventors have sought to design a double-pole double-break bidirectional contactor which is compact, in order to be able to be mounted on busbars, and in which the risks of short-circuiting between the arcs are minimized and the circulation of air flows is facilitated.
• a double-pole double-break bidirectional contactor configured to be mounted on busbars (in fact, two parallel busbars), comprising, for each pole, a cut-off chamber, in which are arranged:
• a movable bridge between a closed state and an open state comprising a first movable contact and a second movable contact; - a first fixed contact, facing the first movable contact, and a second fixed contact, facing the second movable contact, the first and the second movable contact being, in the closed state, in contact with respectively the first and second fixed contact, and the first and second movable contact being spaced apart, in the open state, with respectively the first and second fixed contact;
• a pair of magnets capable of generating a magnetic field of constant direction, so as to generate a magnetic force to move an arc appearing between the fixed contacts and the movable contacts of the movable bridge passing from a closed state to an open state ;
• each arc guide directing from a movable contact of the bridge towards one of the four fin blocks, each block having its own fin block; the two breaking chambers being configured to simultaneously extinguish arcs having a first current direction, for one pole, and arcs having a second current direction, for the other pole, the first and the second current direction being opposite.
• the contactor is characterized in that the first and second switching chambers are arranged parallel and adjacent to each other, defining a joining zone, the first and second switching chambers being in fluid communication at least in part in the abutment zone; and in that there are four magnets and the pairs of magnets of the two poles are arranged so that the magnetic fields generated within the two poles are of parallel direction, but of opposite directions.
• the abutment zone is parallel to a direction of movement between the closed state and the open state of each of the two movable bridges.
• the first and the second cutting chamber are separated by an internal wall common to the two chambers, said internal wall being equipped with several through holes.
• the through holes allow the passage of internal air flow between the two chambers.
• the first and the second cutting chamber are separated only in part by an internal wall, possibly provided with several through holes.
• no internal wall separates the first and the second cutting chamber.
• FIG. 1 shows, in a side view and in section, a switching chamber of a single-pole double-break bidirectional contactor of the prior art
• FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the double electrical contact of the bidirectional double-break contactor of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of a double-pole bidirectional contactor with double break in a distribution box with power busbars;
• FIG. 4 represents, in a side view and in section, a double pole bidirectional contactor with double cutoff according to the prior art
• FIG. 5 is a top view of the double-pole double-cut bidirectional contactor of the prior art in a section at plane AA of Figure 4;
• FIG. 6 is a top view of an embodiment of the double pole bidirectional contactor with double cutoff according to the invention.
• - Figure 7 is a side view in section of an embodiment of the double-pole double-break bidirectional contactor of the invention
• - Figure 8 is a side view in section of another embodiment of the double-pole double-break bidirectional contactor of the invention (partial internal wall);
• FIG. 9 is a side view and in section of another embodiment of the double pole bidirectional contactor with double cutoff of the invention (removal of the internal wall).
• the circles provided with a point or a cross respectively represent a direction going towards, or away from, the observer.
• the invention consists of configuring the contactor so that the two magnetic fields produced in the two interrupting chambers are parallel, but in opposite directions. This makes it possible to push in the same direction the electric arcs created when the power contacts of the two poles open.
• the internal arcs 9 are not sent towards each other between the two breaking chambers la, lb and it is then possible to reduce, or even remove the internal wall separating the two cutting chambers. This has the effect of not blocking internal airflow, and therefore not preventing the internal arcs from entering their respective fin blocks.
• the two cutting chambers are arranged parallel and are joined to each other, thus defining a joining zone 10.
• the internal wall common to the two cutting chambers can be replaced by a wall internal lightened, or completely remove the internal wall.
• the two cutting chambers are thus in fluid communication in this joining zone.
• the two cutting chambers can thus be separated from each other by a partially open internal wall 110 (FIG. 8), such as for example a partition crossed by several holes or a filter allowing air to pass through.
• the internal wall is made of an electrically insulating material. It may be a wall pierced with several holes which may be made of a plastic material. But we can also completely remove the internal wall (figure 9). We thus obtain optimization of gas exchanges within the contactor, which promotes the quality of electrical arc breaking.
• the internal arcs produced when using the interrupting chambers in series, do not face each other. This makes it possible to at least partially remove the internal wall which usually separates the two chambers, blocks air flows and degrades the performance of the contactors. This allows for less complicated insulation between the two chambers and a reduction in the risk of short circuits between the two internal arcs. This also allows you to use the useful volume of the second chamber to send the internal arcs produced in the first chamber and vice-versa.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=82196706

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 2022
  • 2022-03-29 FR FR2202798A patent/FR3134224B1/fr active Active
• 2023
  • 2023-03-29 WO PCT/FR2023/050448 patent/WO2023187295A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2023-03-29 CN CN202380028602.5A patent/CN118946945A/zh active Pending
  • 2023-03-29 EP EP23720647.9A patent/EP4500565B1/de active Active
  • 2023-03-29 US US18/845,757 patent/US20250201497A1/en active Pending

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