EP4505251A1 - Axe de pivotement amagnetique - Google Patents
Axe de pivotement amagnetiqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP4505251A1 EP4505251A1 EP23717179.8A EP23717179A EP4505251A1 EP 4505251 A1 EP4505251 A1 EP 4505251A1 EP 23717179 A EP23717179 A EP 23717179A EP 4505251 A1 EP4505251 A1 EP 4505251A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tungsten
- nip
- magnetic
- pivot axis
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B13/00—Gearwork
- G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/32—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B43/00—Protecting clockworks by shields or other means against external influences, e.g. magnetic fields
- G04B43/007—Antimagnetic alloys
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a part for a watch movement and in particular to a non-magnetic pivot axis for a mechanical watch movement and more particularly to a balance axis, an anchor rod and a pinion. non-magnetic exhaust.
- the manufacture of a watch pivot axis consists, from a hardenable steel bar, of carrying out bar turning operations to define different active surfaces (span, shoulder, pivots etc.) then subjecting the axis turning to heat treatment operations comprising at least one quenching to improve the hardness of the axis and one or more tempers to improve its toughness.
- the heat treatment operations are followed by a rolling operation of the axle pivots, an operation consisting of polishing the pivots to bring them to the required dimensions. During the rolling operation, the hardness and roughness of the pivots are further improved.
- the pivot axes for example the balance axes, conventionally used in mechanical watch movements are made in grades of free-cutting steels which are generally martensitic carbon steels including lead and manganese sulphides to improve their machinability.
- a steel of this type designated 20AP is typically used for these applications.
- This type of material has the advantage of being easily machinable, in particular of being suitable for bar turning and presents, after quenching and tempering treatments, high mechanical properties which are very interesting for the production of axes of watchmaking pivoting.
- These steels have in particular high hardness after heat treatment, making it possible to obtain very good resistance to shocks.
- the hardness of the pivots of an axle made of 20 AP steel can reach a value exceeding 700 HV after heat treatment and rolling.
- this type of material has the disadvantage of being magnetic and of being able to disrupt the operation of a watch after being subjected to a magnetic field, and this in particular when this material is used for the production of a balance axis cooperating with a spiral balance made of ferromagnetic material. This phenomenon is well known to those skilled in the art. It should also be noted that these martensitic steels are also sensitive to corrosion.
- the object of the invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a pivot axis making it possible to limit the sensitivity to magnetic fields and to obtain mechanical properties enabling it to meet shock resistance requirements in the watchmaking field.
- the invention relates to a pivot axis for a watch movement made at least partly in tungsten or in a tungsten alloy.
- the tungsten alloys are alloys comprising either lanthanum oxide, copper, or nickel with the addition of one or more elements chosen from Fe, Cu, Co and Mo.
- the oxide Lanthanum acts as a chipbreaker, which improves the machinability of the tungsten alloy.
- Tungsten and its alloys combine high hardness with values greater than or equal to 500 HV0.5, very good corrosion resistance and very low magnetic susceptibility.
- Figure 1 represents a pivot axis according to the invention.
- Figure 2 represents in partial section a pivot of a pivot axis according to the invention comprising a coating on its external surface.
- Figure 3 represents the paramagnetic behavior of tungsten exhibiting magnetic susceptibility of 6.8x10 -5 . detailed description of the invention
- the term “amagnetic” material means a paramagnetic or diamagnetic or antiferromagnetic material, the magnetic permeability of which is between 0.99 and 1.01.
- An alloy of an element is an alloy containing at least 50% by weight of said element.
- the invention relates to a part for a watch movement and in particular to a non-magnetic pivot axis for a mechanical watch movement.
- the invention will be described below in the context of an application to a non-magnetic balance shaft 1.
- other types of watch pivot axes are possible, such as for example watch mobile axes, typically escapement pinions, or even anchor rods.
- Parts of this type have diameters at the body level preferably less than 2 mm, and pivots with a diameter less than 0.2 mm, with a precision of a few microns.
- a balance shaft 1 which comprises a plurality of sections 2 of different diameters, preferably formed by bar turning or any other machining technique by removal of chips , and conventionally defining bearing surfaces 2a and shoulders 2b arranged between two end portions defining two pivots 3. These pivots are each intended to pivot in a bearing, typically in an orifice of a stone or a ruby.
- At least part of the balance axis 1, namely the pivot 3, is made of a non-magnetic metallic material in order to limit advantageously its sensitivity to magnetic fields.
- said material is pure tungsten or a tungsten alloy.
- Pure tungsten means a material comprising tungsten in a percentage by weight greater than or equal to 99.5%, preferably greater than or equal to 99.7%. It may contain possible impurities such as Mo, C, Fe and O, cited as an example.
- Tungsten alloys are alloys comprising either lanthanum oxide, copper, or nickel with the addition of one or more elements chosen from Fe, Cu, Co and Mo.
- the alloy of tungsten with lanthanum oxide comprises the latter in a percentage by weight of between 0.2 and 5%, preferably between 0.3 and 3%, more preferably between 0.5 and 2%.
- the alloy consists of tungsten, lanthanum oxide in a percentage by weight of between 0.2 and 5%, preferably between 0.3 and 3%, more preferably between 0.5 and 2%, and possible impurities with a total content for the latter less than or equal to 1.5% by weight.
- the alloy of tungsten with copper comprises the latter in a percentage by weight of between 2 and 49%, preferably between 3 and 45%, more preferably between 5 and 40%.
- the alloy consists of tungsten, copper in a percentage by weight of 2 and 49%, preferably between 3 and 45%, more preferably between 5 and 40% and possible impurities with a total content for the latter. less than or equal to 1.5% by weight.
- the alloy of tungsten with nickel comprises the latter with a weight content of between 0.5 and 20%, preferably between 1 and 15%, more preferably between 1.5 and 10%, and comprises one or more elements chosen from Fe, Cu, Co and Mo with a total content for said element(s) of between 0.2 and 10%, preferably between 0.5 and 5%.
- the alloy consists of tungsten, nickel in a percentage by weight of between 0.5 and 20%, preferably between 1 and 15%, more preferably between 1.5 and 10% and possible impurities with a total content for the latter less than or equal to 1.5% by weight .
- Tungsten and tungsten alloys according to the invention have a hardness greater than or equal to 500 HV0.5. They have a low magnetic susceptibility with typically values lower than 8x10 -5 , preferably 7x10' 5 .
- the balance axis 1, namely the pivot 3 is made of the aforementioned non-magnetic material 4 which is covered at least on part of its external surface with a layer 5 ensuring resistance to wear of the pivot.
- the layer is made of Ni or NiP.
- the phosphorus level can preferably be between 0% (we then have pure Ni) and 15% by weight.
- the phosphorus level in the NiP can be an average level of between 6% and 9%, or a high level of between 9% and 12%. It is obvious, however, that NiP can contain a low level of phosphorus.
- the layer when the layer is NiP with a medium or high phosphorus content, it can be hardened by heat treatment.
- the heat treatment is carried out between 200°C and 400°C for a time of between 20 minutes and 24 hours.
- the layer of Ni or NiP has a hardness preferably greater than 400 HV0.5, more preferably greater than 500 HV0.5.
- the unhardened Ni or NiP layer has a hardness preferably greater than 500 HV0.5, but less than 600 HV0.5, that is to say preferably between 500 HV0.5 and 550 HV0.5.
- the NiP layer can have a hardness between 900 HV0.5 and 1000 HV0.5.
- the layer of Ni or NiP can have a thickness of between 0.5 pm and 10 pm, preferably between 1 pm and 5 pm, and more preferably between 1 pm and 2 pm.
- the layer is a layer of NiP, and more particularly a layer of chemical NiP, that is to say deposited chemically.
- the pivot may comprise at least one adhesion sub-layer deposited between the non-magnetic material and the Ni or NiP layer.
- adhesion sub-layer deposited between the non-magnetic material and the Ni or NiP layer.
- a gold underlayer and/or a galvanic nickel underlayer may be provided under the Ni or NiP layer.
- the layer of Ni or NiP is deposited according to a process chosen from the group comprising PVD, CVD, ALD, galvanic and chemical, and preferably chemical, deposits.
- the hysteresis curve M(H) was characterized at room temperature by varying the field applied to the samples with a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) of the MicroSense EZ9 type.
- Figure 3 shows the curve for pure tungsten.
- the magnetic susceptibility (/m) is equal to 6.8x10 -5 . Similar values were obtained for the tungsten alloys according to the invention.
- HV0.5 hardnesses The hardnesses measured are HV0.5 hardnesses. A value of 540 HV0.5 is obtained for the tungsten alloy with 1% by weight of carbon dioxide. lanthanum. Values in the range 500-600 HV0.5 were obtained for other tungsten alloys and pure tungsten.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22167305.6A EP4258064A1 (fr) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Axe de pivotement amagnetique |
| PCT/EP2023/059119 WO2023194522A1 (fr) | 2022-04-08 | 2023-04-06 | Axe de pivotement amagnetique |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4505251A1 true EP4505251A1 (fr) | 2025-02-12 |
Family
ID=81307034
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22167305.6A Withdrawn EP4258064A1 (fr) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Axe de pivotement amagnetique |
| EP23717179.8A Pending EP4505251A1 (fr) | 2022-04-08 | 2023-04-06 | Axe de pivotement amagnetique |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22167305.6A Withdrawn EP4258064A1 (fr) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Axe de pivotement amagnetique |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP4258064A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023194522A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH702774A4 (fr) * | 1974-05-22 | 1975-10-31 | ||
| CH707503A2 (fr) * | 2013-01-17 | 2014-07-31 | Omega Sa | Axe de pivotement pour mouvement horloger. |
| JP6915602B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-24 | 2021-08-04 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 時計部品および時計 |
| CH717663A1 (fr) * | 2020-07-16 | 2022-01-31 | Richemont Int Sa | Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce horlogère, comportant une implantation ionique d'au moins deux types d'atomes. |
| CN111996430B (zh) * | 2020-07-28 | 2021-09-28 | 深圳市飞亚达精密科技有限公司 | 一种不受磁场影响的钨铜合金及其制造方法和用途 |
-
2022
- 2022-04-08 EP EP22167305.6A patent/EP4258064A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2023
- 2023-04-06 EP EP23717179.8A patent/EP4505251A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-04-06 WO PCT/EP2023/059119 patent/WO2023194522A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023194522A1 (fr) | 2023-10-12 |
| EP4258064A1 (fr) | 2023-10-11 |
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Legal Events
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