EP4511326A1 - Système et procédé de production d'ammoniac - Google Patents

Système et procédé de production d'ammoniac

Info

Publication number
EP4511326A1
EP4511326A1 EP23734607.7A EP23734607A EP4511326A1 EP 4511326 A1 EP4511326 A1 EP 4511326A1 EP 23734607 A EP23734607 A EP 23734607A EP 4511326 A1 EP4511326 A1 EP 4511326A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ammonia
hydrogen
gas
synthesis gas
plant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23734607.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Suhel Ahmad
Peter Adam
Lukas BIYIKLI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP4511326A1 publication Critical patent/EP4511326A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
    • C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis
    • C01C1/0405—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
    • C01C1/0488—Processes integrated with preparations of other compounds, e.g. methanol, urea or with processes for power generation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
    • C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis
    • C01C1/0405—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C25B15/081—Supplying products to non-electrochemical reactors that are combined with the electrochemical cell, e.g. Sabatier reactor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

Definitions

  • Green ammonia is seen as a rapidly growing energy source for hydrogen. In addition, it is used in many industrial processes, especially fertilizers. It is estimated that approx. 50% of the green hydrogen produced in the next few years will be processed directly into liquid ammonia for long-distance hydrogen transport, as liquefying pure hydrogen is very energy intensive.
  • synthesis gas compression which compresses the nitrogen-hydrogen mixture to the pressure of 150-200 bar required for the synthesis process
  • cold box which contains the cold energy for the liquefaction and cooling of the ammonia to approx. -33°C at atmospheric pressure.
  • a preheating unit is required to heat the synthesis gas to the reaction temperature.
  • the nitrogen and hydrogen required for ammonia production are usually compressed to the required synthesis pressure in a synthesis gas compressor.
  • the suction pressure for this compressor is usually determined by the hydrogen pressure, which in green ammonia applications where electrolysis is operated on site is limited to the maximum outlet pressure of an electrolysis system (max. 30-40 bar).
  • Ammonia is produced in large quantities worldwide as an agricultural fertilizer, but natural gas or other fossil fuels are used to provide both the hydrogen feedstock and the energy for the synthesis process. As a result, ammonia production using these methods accounts for almost 1.5% of global C0 2 emissions.
  • synthesis gas compression which compresses the nitrogen-hydrogen mixture to the pressure of 150-200 bar required for the synthesis process
  • cold box which reduces the cold energy for liquefying and cooling the ammonia to approx. -33 °C at atmospheric pressure.
  • the hydrogen gas (H 2 ) is obtained from methane steam reforming (SMR), the most widely used method for producing hydrogen, and the nitrogen gas (N 2 ) is obtained either from air or from an air separation plant.
  • SMR methane steam reforming
  • N 2 nitrogen gas
  • N 2 and H 2 are mixed stoichiometrically (1:3) and compressed with a syngas compressor and fed into an ammonia synthesis reactor at a pressure of 150 to 220 bar.
  • the ammonia synthesis gas reactor works at an operating temperature of approx. 500°C. The process is exothermic, the large amount of heat of 46 kJ/mol ammonia is released and used to generate steam. After the reaction, approx. 25% ammonia is obtained as a product, the rest is returned via a compressor circuit. The ammonia produced is then liquefied through cryogenic distillation.
  • the invention has set itself the task of providing an improved system and an improved process for the production of ammonia, particularly with regard to the use of the energy required for the production of the ammonia. This task is solved by a system according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 11.
  • the invention proposes an innovative concept for an environmentally friendly ammonia plant by integrating an electrolizer with renewable energy.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a system
  • the pressurized O2 is heated with the exhaust gas from a gas turbine in a waste heat boiler and then expanded in a hot gas expander to generate mechanical or electrical energy.
  • This energy can be used in some utility or auxiliary facilities.
  • the ammonia process requires N 2 and H 2 as starting materials, which are mixed stoichiometrically in a ratio of 1:3.
  • the N 2 is supplied from an air separation plant or from the air, while the H 2 comes mainly from methane steam reforming.
  • the N 2 is separated from the exhaust gas of a hydrogen-operated gas turbine (using an absorber/PSA unit), so that no air separation plant is required.
  • the water vapor from the gas turbine exhaust is condensed and is used as water feedstock for the electroli- ze system available (up to 15% of the required water use).
  • the separated N 2 from the GT exhaust gas is mixed stoichiometrically with H 2 from the electrolysis system to produce the required ammonia synthesis-synthesis gas mixture.
  • the synthesis gas mixture (molecular weight 8 g/mol) is then compressed to pipeline pressure and transported to the location of the ammonia plant with the ammonia reactor 2.
  • This syngas transport requires less energy than pure H2 transport and enables safe pipeline operation compared to lean H2 transport.
  • a hydrogen and oxygen buffer is integrated to provide reduced hydrogen for the ammonia plant and GT fuel, as well as oxygen for the expander for times when renewable energy is not available.
  • the capacity of the buffer depends on the length of time without sustainable power supply and the minimum capacity of ammonia synthesis.
  • a synthesis gas is fed into the ammonia reactor 2.
  • the synthesis gas includes hydrogen (H 2 ) and nitrogen (N 2 ).
  • the hydrogen (H 2 ) and nitrogen (N 2 ) react in the ammonia reactor 2 according to the chemical reaction
  • This chemical reaction is a strongly exothermic reaction, ie the ammonia NH 3 formed in the ammonia reactor has a comparatively high temperature, and this high temperature is used according to the invention to preheat the nitrogen N 2 .
  • the system 1 includes an electrolizer 3, which is fed with water 4 and uses renewable energies 5 to separate water into hydrogen and oxygen.
  • the oxygen is supplied to a first buffer storage 6.
  • the hydrogen is partly made available as fuel for a gas turbine 7.
  • the line of hydrogen as fuel for the gas turbine 7 is symbolically identified by the reference number 8.
  • air 9 is also required, with ambient air generally being used.
  • the hot exhaust gas 10 from the gas turbine 7 is fed to a heat exchanger 11.
  • the oxygen located in the buffer storage 6 is supplied, the temperature of the oxygen being heated by the hot exhaust gas 10 from the gas turbine 7.
  • the heated oxygen is fed to an expander 13 via a line 12.
  • the thermal energy of the oxygen is converted into mechanical energy.
  • the mechanical energy is used to drive an electrical generator 14.
  • the exhaust gas from the expander 13 is then fed to further components: second expander 15, heat exchanger 16.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système et un procédé de production d'ammoniac, comprenant un réacteur à ammoniac (2) qui est conçu pour produire de l'ammoniac (NH3) à partir d'un gaz de synthèse, le gaz de synthèse contenant de l'hydrogène (H2) et de l'azote (N2), comprenant également un électrolyseur (3) qui est conçu pour générer de l'hydrogène et de l'oxygène à partir d'eau, l'électrolyseur (3) fonctionnant avec des énergies renouvelables, et comprenant également une turbine à gaz (7) fonctionnant avec de l'hydrogène, le gaz d'échappement contenant de l'azote (N2) de la turbine à gaz (7) étant utilisé pour générer le gaz de synthèse.
EP23734607.7A 2022-07-01 2023-06-21 Système et procédé de production d'ammoniac Pending EP4511326A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022206740 2022-07-01
PCT/EP2023/066869 WO2024002837A1 (fr) 2022-07-01 2023-06-21 Système et procédé de production d'ammoniac

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4511326A1 true EP4511326A1 (fr) 2025-02-26

Family

ID=87059774

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23734607.7A Pending EP4511326A1 (fr) 2022-07-01 2023-06-21 Système et procédé de production d'ammoniac

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20250368520A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4511326A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2025520839A (fr)
CN (1) CN119497701A (fr)
AU (1) AU2023296468A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024002837A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025181688A1 (fr) * 2024-02-26 2025-09-04 Gurjot Singh Systèmes et procédés de synthèse d'ammoniac vert et d'autres engrais azotés

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4107277A (en) * 1976-07-13 1978-08-15 Da Rosa Aldo Vieira Process for production of ammonia
US4238925A (en) * 1978-09-11 1980-12-16 Purification Sciences Inc. Gas turbine system with oxygen vapor-fuel system
CN106185984B (zh) * 2016-07-23 2021-06-29 陈志强 基于水蒸汽电解法联合生产氨与硝酸的系统
CN113389699A (zh) * 2020-03-11 2021-09-14 张建城 太阳能风能与氨氧燃气互补循环热发电装置
AU2020327348B1 (en) * 2020-05-01 2021-09-09 Jgc Corporation Ammonia manufacturing apparatus and ammonia manufacturing method
TW202235372A (zh) * 2020-12-17 2022-09-16 丹麥商托普索公司 回收綠色氨製造中所產生之餘熱之方法
CN113860329A (zh) * 2021-10-29 2021-12-31 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种基于合成氨的化学储能系统及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2025520839A (ja) 2025-07-03
WO2024002837A1 (fr) 2024-01-04
US20250368520A1 (en) 2025-12-04
CN119497701A (zh) 2025-02-21
AU2023296468A1 (en) 2025-01-30

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