EP4517794A1 - Kontaktringeinheit für einen stufenschalter und stufenschalter - Google Patents

Kontaktringeinheit für einen stufenschalter und stufenschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4517794A1
EP4517794A1 EP23194510.6A EP23194510A EP4517794A1 EP 4517794 A1 EP4517794 A1 EP 4517794A1 EP 23194510 A EP23194510 A EP 23194510A EP 4517794 A1 EP4517794 A1 EP 4517794A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
unit
support structure
fixed contacts
ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23194510.6A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Todor KOKEV
Veselin NIKOLOV
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Energy Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Energy Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Energy Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Energy Ltd
Priority to EP23194510.6A priority Critical patent/EP4517794A1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2024/070160 priority patent/WO2025045437A1/en
Priority to CN202480055460.6A priority patent/CN121816634A/zh
Publication of EP4517794A1 publication Critical patent/EP4517794A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0016—Contact arrangements for tap changers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/42—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using cam or eccentric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0016—Contact arrangements for tap changers
    • H01H2009/0022—Mounting of the fixed contacts or taps on cylindrical wall of oil vessel containing the tap changer; Details of screening

Definitions

  • the present disclosure is related to a contact ring unit for a tap changer and a corresponding tap changer.
  • Tap changers realize a mechanism in transformers which allows for variable turn ratios to be selected in distinct steps, for example.
  • a contact ring unit for a tap changer comprises a ring support structure and a plurality of fixed electrical contacts that are coupled to the ring support structure.
  • the ring support structure can form an insulation carrier for the fixed contacts.
  • the contact ring unit further comprises a shaft element that is configured to provide a rotational drive around a rotation axis.
  • the contact ring unit further comprises one or more movable electrical contact units that is coupled to the shaft element and that is configured to make electrical contact to a respective fixed contact for electrical switching between two fixed contacts in interaction with the shaft element.
  • the ring support structure defines a structure which holds the fixed contacts in a respective predetermined position such that the fixed electrical contacts are arranged along a circumferential line that differs from a complete circular overall shape.
  • the fixed electrical contacts are arranged following a closed formed or virtual path that comprises a non-circular overall shape.
  • the ring support structure may realize a stationary contact system with two or more fixed contacts which are configured to interact with corresponding movable contact units to provide current transfer in a selector of a power diverter switch for the on-load tap changer.
  • a size reduction of the contact ring due to the non-circular overall shape or position specification of the fixed contacts a size reduction of the contact ring, the corresponding tap changer and a corresponding transformer are feasible.
  • the contact ring unit is also suitable to other types of tap changers such as an off-load tap changers.
  • a corresponding tap changer can comprise a plurality of contact levels each comprising a respective contact ring unit with a non-circular overall shape.
  • the contact ring unit or the ring support structure can comprise an arbitrary shape on each contact level that not follow a complete circular shape.
  • the ring support structure may be described to comprise a non-circular shape but it can comprise an arbitrary shape such that a position specification of the associated fixed contacts runs along a self-contained line or path that has a non-circular shape.
  • the described set up of the contact ring unit further enables to decrease of overall tap changer dimensions and as consequence contributes to decrease of an overall transformer volume which includes one or more tap changers. Due to the non-circular shape of the ring support structure it is further possible to improve dielectric distances between adjacent phases of the tap changer.
  • Each phase can comprise one or more contact ring units that can be arranged one above the other each connected to insulations bars, respectively. Such isolation bars provide support to the ring support structures and the fixed contacts are fixed to a respective ring support structure and not to an insulation bar.
  • the described contact ring unit can be assembled in selectors, pre-selectors such as an on-load tap changer diverter switch type and selector switches or de-energized tap changers providing the aforementioned improvements, respectively.
  • the ring support structure comprises at least one section with a shape that does not follow a circle segment.
  • the ring support structure can comprise one or more sections that follow a circle segment with respect to a top or bottom view along the rotation axis, for example. Between such circle segments there can be a linear, an elliptical or any other shape that differs from a circle segment such that the ring support structure comprises a non-circular overall shape.
  • the ring support structure can comprises an overall elliptical shape.
  • the ring support structure comprises a first maximum extension along a first direction and a second maximum extension along a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction with respect to a plane of extension along the non-circular overall shape, and wherein the second maximum extension is larger than the first maximum extension.
  • the described contact ring unit in particular takes into account the requirements for dielectric distance between adjacent fixed contacts such that a distance between a first and a last terminal from a regulating winding of a transformer can be set bigger compared to dielectric distance between other adjacent pairs or fixed contacts.
  • the fixed contacts and the movable contact units are arranged radially with respect to the rotation axis facing towards each other.
  • the ring support structure realizes an outer non-circular component such that the electrical contacts fixed thereon protrude inwards in direction of a center region.
  • the movable electrical contact units protrude outwards in direction towards the ring support structure.
  • the shaft element may be arranged in the center and may realize a central shaft driving and rotating the movable contact units.
  • a distance between two adjacent fixed contacts along the ring support structure is different than a distance between two other adjacent fixed contacts along the ring support structure.
  • the non-circular ring support structure allows to arrange the fixed contacts non-equidistantly but with the same angle of rotation between adjacent fixed contacts.
  • the adjacent fixed contacts which include the highest voltage difference should be arranged further apart from each other than the contacts with lower voltage difference.
  • the contact ring unit comprises a driving cam that is coupled to the movable contact unit and that is configured to guide a rotational movement of the contact unit around the rotation axis, wherein the driving cam comprises a shape that matches the shape of the ring support structure.
  • a driving cam can realize a stable guide rail to enable a secure and reliable rotation and/or proper positioning of the associated movable contact units.
  • the respective contact units each comprise drive and guiding means and one or more radially movable contact elements with respect to the rotation axis configured to make electrical contact to a respective contact surface of the associated fixed contact.
  • the contact units each can comprise a spring element, a roller element, a bushing element and/or a slider element such that the radially movable contact elements are telescopically extendable and retractable.
  • a tap changer comprises an embodiment of the described contact ring unit.
  • the tap changer can comprise two different or same embodiments of the described contact ring unit that are coupled to one or more insulation bars such that a given height distance is set between the contact ring units along the direction of the rotational axis.
  • the rotation axis can also be referred to as a longitudinal or vertical axis of the tap changer.
  • a movable contact unit is coupling with a relevant fixed contact, e.g. following a given cam profile, which profile radially control placement of the movable contact units.
  • the movable contact units preferably has the ability to radially move back-and-forth to enable radial or telescopic translation due to guiding elements, e.g. rollers.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a side view of a tap changer 1 for a transformer which allows for variable turn ratios to be selected in distinct steps, e.g. without a supply interruption during a tap change.
  • the illustrated embodiments can belong to an on-load or off-load tap changer 1 that comprises one or more contact ring units 2 associated to one or more respective phases N...N+1 configured to enable tap change and power transfer.
  • the contact ring units 2 are connected to insulation bars 16 arranged above each other with respect to a longitudinal axis L of the tap changer 1.
  • the longitudinal axis L also forms a rotation axis of one or more rotatable or movable contact units 10 of the associated contact ring unit 2.
  • the tap changer 1 comprises four contact ring units 2a-2d.
  • the tap changer 1 can comprise more or less contact ring units 2, e.g. two, three, or more contact ring units 2. This can apply for an off-load tap changer, for example.
  • the numbers per phase can comprise one, two, three or four contact ring units 2, for example.
  • Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the tap changer 1 from an oblique bottom view.
  • Figure 3 shows a top view of an embodiment of a respective contact ring unit 2.
  • Figure 4 shows a corresponding bottom view.
  • the contact ring unit 2 comprises a ring support structure 3 and a plurality of electrical fixed contacts 4a-4 (n+1) that are coupled to the ring support structure 3.
  • the contact ring unit 2 comprises six fixed electrical contacts 4.
  • the contact ring unit 2 can comprise more or less than six fixed contacts 4, e.g. two, three, four, five, seven, eight or more fixed contacts 4.
  • the contact ring unit 2 further comprises at least one movable contact unit 10 that are coupled to a centrally arranged shaft element 15 which is configured to provide a rotational drive for the movable contact unit 10 around the rotation axis L.
  • the movable contact unit 10 is configured to make electrical contact to a respective fixed contact 4 for electrical switching in interaction with the shaft element 15.
  • the movable contact unit 10 follow a given guide rail which is formed by a driving cam 6.
  • the contact ring unit 2 comprises one movable contact unit 10.
  • the ring support structure 3 comprises a non-circular overall shape, in particular an elliptical shape.
  • the ring support structure 3 forms an outer surrounding components and substantially defines the shape of the respective contact ring unit 2.
  • the driving cam 6 is arranges between the ring support structure 3 and the central shaft element 15 and can also comprise a non-circular overall shape, e.g. an elliptical shape. Due to the non-circular shape of the ring support structure 3 and angularly spaced fixed contacts 4, an improved dielectric distance between chosen adjacent fixed contacts 4 can be achieved.
  • the contact ring unit 2 comprises a first extension D1 which is smaller than a second extension D2 along a direction that is substantially perpendicular to a direction of the first extension D1 (see Fig. 3 ). Accordingly, compared to a conventional contact system with circular shape which may comprise a diameter equal to second extension D2 the described contact ring unit 2 can be formed slimmer or narrower in one direction at least and thus enables size reduction in addition to the aforementioned beneficial effect of improved dielectric distance between chosen adjacent fixed contacts 4.
  • the ring support structure 3 forms an insulation carrier with the fixed contacts 4a-4(n+1) mounted thereon.
  • the central shaft element 15 is configured to initiate rotational switching of the movable contact unit 10.
  • Each movable contact unit 10 comprises guide and driving means and further components such as a roller element 11, a carrier element 12, a current collector terminal 13 and telescopic finger elements 14 (see Fig. 2 ).
  • the enabled rotational and radial movements of the contact unit 10 are indicated by respective arrows in Fig. 4 .
  • the movable contact unit 10 follow the non-circular profile of the driving cam 6 and make a switch from fixed contact 4, e.g. from the contact 4b to the contact 4c (see Figs. 3 and 4 ). Switching even with different distances between the movable contact unit 10 and a respective fixed contact 4 is possible because of the drive and guiding means of the movable contact unit 10 which allow radial translation due to the telescopic guided carrier elements 12 and the finger elements 14.
  • the current collector terminal 13 and the fingers set 14 are assembled to the carrier element 12 and are moving together with it. There can be flexible connections or sliding type connections attached to the current collector terminal which takes away the current to a neutral or a next not moving point.
  • the movable contact unit 10 is moved for every switching process the same angle.
  • an angle between the fixed contact 4b and the fixed contact 4c can be set the same as between the fixed contact 4a and the fixed contact 4b, but the finger elements 14 travel different distances.
  • the non-circular shape enables to improve the dielectric distance between the fixed contact 4b and 4c compared to the dielectric distance between the fixed contacts 4a and 4b (see Figs. 3 and 4 ).
  • the fixed contacts 4a-4(n+1) are mounted to the insulation ring support structure 3 and not on the insulation bars 16 allows for better dielectric capabilities between the adjacent phases N and N+1 in view of the height distance H which can be measured through transformer oil the tap changer components are immersed in and not measured through insulation surfaces.

Landscapes

  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
EP23194510.6A 2023-08-31 2023-08-31 Kontaktringeinheit für einen stufenschalter und stufenschalter Pending EP4517794A1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23194510.6A EP4517794A1 (de) 2023-08-31 2023-08-31 Kontaktringeinheit für einen stufenschalter und stufenschalter
PCT/EP2024/070160 WO2025045437A1 (en) 2023-08-31 2024-07-16 Contact ring unit for a tap changer and tap changer
CN202480055460.6A CN121816634A (zh) 2023-08-31 2024-07-16 用于分接开关的接触环单元和分接开关

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23194510.6A EP4517794A1 (de) 2023-08-31 2023-08-31 Kontaktringeinheit für einen stufenschalter und stufenschalter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4517794A1 true EP4517794A1 (de) 2025-03-05

Family

ID=87889349

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23194510.6A Pending EP4517794A1 (de) 2023-08-31 2023-08-31 Kontaktringeinheit für einen stufenschalter und stufenschalter

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4517794A1 (de)
CN (1) CN121816634A (de)
WO (1) WO2025045437A1 (de)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3590175A (en) * 1968-09-14 1971-06-29 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Composite selector switch and reversing switch for tap-changing regulating transformers
DE3832919A1 (de) * 1988-09-28 1990-03-29 Siemens Ag Lastwaehler zur veraenderung des uebersetzungsverhaeltnisses von drehstromtransformatoren mit im dreieck geschalteten wicklungen

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201185148Y (zh) * 2008-04-08 2009-01-21 浙江省三门腾龙电器有限公司 无励磁分接开关的分接接触装置
EP4044206B1 (de) * 2021-02-16 2025-04-23 Hitachi Energy Ltd Kontakteinheit und kontaktsystem für einen laststufenschalter und laststufenschalter

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3590175A (en) * 1968-09-14 1971-06-29 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Composite selector switch and reversing switch for tap-changing regulating transformers
DE3832919A1 (de) * 1988-09-28 1990-03-29 Siemens Ag Lastwaehler zur veraenderung des uebersetzungsverhaeltnisses von drehstromtransformatoren mit im dreieck geschalteten wicklungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN121816634A (zh) 2026-04-07
WO2025045437A1 (en) 2025-03-06

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