EP4522847A1 - Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape d'échappement équilibrée permettant une désactivation de cylindre - Google Patents
Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape d'échappement équilibrée permettant une désactivation de cylindreInfo
- Publication number
- EP4522847A1 EP4522847A1 EP23728267.8A EP23728267A EP4522847A1 EP 4522847 A1 EP4522847 A1 EP 4522847A1 EP 23728267 A EP23728267 A EP 23728267A EP 4522847 A1 EP4522847 A1 EP 4522847A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- piston
- valve
- exhaust
- engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B17/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by use of uniflow principle
- F01B17/02—Engines
Definitions
- TITLE Compressed air engine with active chamber included and active distribution with balanced exhaust valve allowing cylinder deactivation
- the invention relates to a motor operating in particular with compressed air, or any other gas, and using a chamber called an “active chamber”.
- the invention relates to the exhaust distribution of such an engine and more particularly for an engine comprising an included active chamber, and in particular for a multimodal self-expanding engine with an included active chamber.
- the expansion chamber consists of a variable volume equipped with means allowing work to be produced, it is paired and in contact by a permanent passage with the space included above the main engine piston which is equipped with a device for stopping the piston at its top dead center;
- the expansion chamber being maintained substantially at its maximum volume, the compressed air contained therein then expands in the engine cylinder, thus pushing the engine piston back in its downward stroke, in turn providing work; - during the rise of the engine piston during the exhaust time, the variable volume of the expansion chamber is reduced to its smallest volume to restart a complete work cycle.
- the expansion chamber of the engine according to this invention actively participates in the work.
- the engine is thus called an “active chamber” engine.
- Document W0-A1 -2008/028881 which presents a variant of the teachings of document W0-A1 -2005/049968, teaches the same cycle thermodynamic, but using a known and conventional movement transformation device of the connecting rod-crank type, the expansion chamber of the engine according to the invention actively participating in the work.
- the motors according to the teachings of documents W0-A1 -2005/049968 and W0-A1 -2008/028881 are called “active chamber motors”.
- an engine with an active chamber included comprising at least one piston mounted sliding in a cylinder and driving a crankshaft by means of a traditional connecting rod-crank device and operating according to a four-phase thermodynamic cycle comprising:
- the active chamber is included/incorporated into the engine cylinder
- the engine cylinder comprises at least one piston mounted sliding in at least one cylinder whose volume swept by the piston is divided into two distinct parts including a first part constituting the active chamber CA and a second part constituting the expansion chamber CD;
- the cylinder is closed at its upper part by a cylinder head comprising at least one conduit and an inlet orifice, and at least one conduit and an exhaust orifice and which is arranged in such a way that, when the piston is at its top dead center, the residual volume between the piston and the cylinder head is, by construction, if not non-existent, reduced to only the minimum clearances allowing operation without contact between the piston and the cylinder head;
- the exhaust port is then opened to ensure the exhaust phase during the rise of the piston over its entire stroke.
- the volume of the included active chamber CA and the volume of the expansion chamber CD are sized such that at the nominal operating pressure of the motor, the pressure at the end of expansion at bottom dead center is close to ambient pressure, particularly atmospheric.
- the volume of the active chamber is determined by the closure of the inlet.
- the included active chamber engine described above comprises several successive cylinders of increasing displacements.
- the motor is powered, like the teachings of documents W0-A1-2005/049968 and W0-A1-2008/028881, by compressed air, or by any other compressed gas, contained in a tank storage tank at high pressure, previously expanded, at a nominal working pressure, in a buffer capacity - called working capacity.
- the filling of the active chamber included CA is carried out at a constant inlet pressure at each engine revolution, this inlet pressure being decreasing as the pressure in the storage tank gradually decreases. measurement of the progressive emptying of this tank;
- the volume of the active chamber included CA is variable and is gradually increased as the pressure in the storage tank which determines said inlet pressure decreases;
- the means for opening and closing the compressed air intake into the active chamber included CA not only make it possible to open the orifice and the intake duct substantially at the top dead center of the stroke of the piston, but they also make it possible to modify the duration and/or the angular sector of the admission, as well as the passage section of the opening;
- the volume of the active chamber included CA is dimensioned for the maximum storage pressure, then it is gradually increased so that, as a function of the inlet pressure, the volume ratio between the active chamber included CA and the chamber expansion CD, the pressure at the end of expansion before opening the exhaust is close to atmospheric pressure.
- the motor according to WO-A1-2012/045694 also functions as an expansion valve, the invention thus making it possible to propose a so-called “self-expanding” motor which, for powering the active AC chamber, does not require any expansion valve independent of any kind.
- the multimodal self-expanding motor with active chamber included according to the teachings of document WO-A1-2012/045694 implements in particular, during its operation in single energy compressed air mode, a three-phase thermodynamic cycle comprising:
- the volume, variable depending on the pressure of the high pressure storage tank, of the included active chamber determines the quantity of compressed air injected.
- the difficulty lies in producing the means for opening and closing the compressed air intake into the included active chamber which not only allow the orifice and the intake duct to be opened substantially at the top dead center of the stroke of the piston, but which also make it possible to modify the duration and/or the angular sector of the admission, as well as the passage section of the opening.
- a valve closes the intake and/or exhaust conduit and it comprises a valve head held by one or more springs resting on a circular valve seat formed around an orifice connecting the conduit the intake and/or exhaust with the combustion and/or expansion chamber contained in the cylinder.
- the valve head opens the circuit by penetrating the chamber to be supplied driven by mechanical cam and pusher systems acting on the tail or stem of the valve which extends the valve head.
- patent application W0-A2-2015/177076 concerning a compressed air motor with an active chamber included and with active distribution at admission.
- the active intake distribution device uses the compressed air contained in the high pressure storage tank and/or in the intake circuit to move the intake valve in order to open then close the intake duct making it possible to supply the active chamber of the engine, the compressed air having been used for these actions then being reused in the engine to produce additional work.
- this engine comprising:
- At least one cylinder powered by a pressurized gas, preferably by compressed air, contained in a high pressure storage tank,
- a cylinder head which closes at its upper part the volume of the cylinder, which is swept by the piston, and which comprises at least one intake conduit in which flows a flow of gas under filling pressure of the cylinder, an orifice d admission of gas under pressure above the piston, and at least one exhaust port and an exhaust duct, the cylinder head being arranged such that, when the piston is at its top dead center, the residual volume included between the piston and the cylinder head is, by construction, reduced to only the minimum clearances allowing operation without contact between the piston and the cylinder head,
- the volume of the cylinder swept by the piston is divided into two distinct parts including a first part constituting an active chamber which is included in the cylinder and a second part constituting an expansion chamber,
- the torque and engine speed are controlled by the opening and closing of the intake valve by allowing the intake valve to be opened, substantially at the top dead center of the piston stroke, and by allowing, by closing the valve, to modify the duration and/or the angular sector of the admission, as well as the passage section of the admission opening in order, depending on the pressure of the compressed gas contained in the tank of storage and pressure at the end of the expansion phase, to determine the quantity of gas under pressure admitted as well as the volume of the active chamber, in which:
- the inlet valve is mounted movable in axial movement between a low closing position in which it is in tight support on its valve seat, and a high opening position
- the inlet valve moves axially, in the direction opposite to that of the flow of the gas flow under filling pressure of the cylinder
- the inlet valve in its closed position, the inlet valve is kept closed in an autoclaved manner on its valve seat by the pressure prevailing in the inlet conduit and applying to the inlet valve,
- the engine includes means for controlling the opening of the intake valve, substantially at the top dead center of the stroke of the piston, to cause the intake valve to separate from its seat to allow the establishment of the intake pressure in the active chamber, the valve then traveling its full opening stroke under the action of the pressure differential forces exerted by the gas under pressure on the corresponding parts of the inlet valve,
- the engine comprises a pneumatic cylinder for closing the intake valve which comprises a cylinder of cylinder and a closing piston which is linked in axial movement with the intake valve, and which is slidably mounted in the cylinder of cylinder inside which it sealingly delimits a cylinder control chamber, called the closing chamber,
- the engine comprises at least one control channel for opening the intake valve which connects said closing chamber to a source of pressurized gas which is either the upper part of the active chamber of the cylinder, or the conduit intake, i.e. the pressurized gas tank,
- the engine comprises an active distribution channel which connects said closing chamber to the upper part of the active chamber and a valve for blocking the circulation of gas in the active distribution channel, called active distribution valve, of which the opening is controlled to put the closing chamber in communication with the upper part of the active chamber, close the inlet valve and produce work which is added to the work of the gas charge under pressure previously admitted, via the intake conduit, in the active chamber.
- active distribution valve a valve for blocking the circulation of gas in the active distribution channel, called active distribution valve, of which the opening is controlled to put the closing chamber in communication with the upper part of the active chamber, close the inlet valve and produce work which is added to the work of the gas charge under pressure previously admitted, via the intake conduit, in the active chamber.
- the invention aims to propose a new design of such an active chamber compressed air motor aimed in particular at increasing its performance and efficiency, in particular by using a distribution system for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust valve using a source of compressed gas - in particular compressed air - whose pressure value (called low pressure) is lower than that of the pressure available in the high pressure storage tank.
- the “pneumatic” energy required to open and close the exhaust valve is for example supplied in the form of gas coming from the high pressure storage tank or the intake circuit which is expanded at low pressure. After being used to control the opening of the exhaust valve, this energy can then be reused by producing additional work.
- the volumes of the closing and/or opening chambers are of reduced value, for example non-limiting to less than 10% of the engine displacement. The same goes for the conduits connecting the admission and the active chamber, the admission and the closing chamber, the closing chamber and the expansion chamber are calculated to allow sufficient flow to establish the pressures in the different active motor chambers distributor closure distributor expansion.
- the invention proposes an active chamber engine operating according to a three-phase thermodynamic cycle comprising:
- this engine comprising;
- At least one cylinder powered by a pressurized gas, preferably by compressed air, contained in a high pressure storage tank,
- a cylinder head which closes at its upper part the volume of the cylinder which is swept by the piston, and which comprises at least one intake conduit in which flows a flow of gas under filling pressure of the cylinder, an orifice inlet of the gas under pressure above the piston, and at least one exhaust port and an exhaust duct which is connected to the atmosphere in which a flow of gas under pressure drains the cylinder, the cylinder head being arranged in such a way that, when the piston is at its top dead center, the residual volume between the piston and the cylinder head is, by construction, reduced to only the minimum clearances allowing operation without contact between the piston and the cylinder head,
- the volume of the cylinder swept by the piston is divided into two distinct parts including a first part constituting an active chamber which is included in the cylinder and a second part constituting an expansion chamber, -- under the continuous thrust of the pressurized gas admitted into the cylinder, at constant working pressure, the volume of the active chamber increases by producing work corresponding to the isobaric and isothermal transfer phase of the thermodynamic cycle of functioning,
- the exhaust port is then opened to carry out the exhaust phase of the thermodynamic operating cycle during the rise of the piston over its entire stroke to its dead center high,
- the torque and the engine speed are controlled by the opening and closing of the intake valve, allowing the intake valve to be opened, substantially at the top dead center of the stroke of the engine. piston, and by allowing, by closing the valve, to modify the duration and/or the angular sector of the admission, as well as the passage section of the admission opening in order, depending on the pressure of the compressed gas contained in the storage tank and the pressure at the end of the expansion phase, to determine the quantity of gas under pressure admitted as well as the volume of the active chamber, characterized in that EU:
- the exhaust valve is mounted movable in axial movement between a low closing position in which it is in tight support on its exhaust valve seat, and a high opening position
- the exhaust valve moves axially, in the direction corresponding to that of the flow of the pressurized gas flow out of the cylinder
- the engine includes a pneumatic cylinder for controlling the opening of the exhaust valve, substantially at the bottom dead center of the piston stroke, to cause the exhaust valve to separate from its seat to carry out the exhaust phase of the thermodynamic cycle of operation during the rise of the piston over its entire stroke to its top dead center, the valve then traveling its complete opening stroke against the force exerted by the return spring,
- the pneumatic cylinder comprises a cylinder cylinder and a piston which is connected to the exhaust valve and which delimits a control chamber which is connected to a source of low pressure gas,
- the engine includes a channel which connects the source of low pressure gas to the control chamber, and a valve, a controlled valve for admitting low pressure gas into the control chamber,
- the engine includes a control channel for closing the exhaust valve which connects the control chamber to the open air or to an energy recovery system, and a controlled valve for emptying the control chamber , and in that, to deactivate said at least one cylinder during one revolution of rotation of the crankshaft, from a passage of the piston at top dead center to the next passage of the piston at top dead center:
- the inlet valve is kept closed to block the admission of the pressurized gas into the cylinder during said rotation;
- said at least one cylinder is deactivated during several successive revolutions of rotation of the crankshaft;
- the engine comprises at least two cylinders, each piston of which drives the same crankshaft by means of a traditional connecting rod-crank device, and of which each cylinder is produced according to the invention and in which, during said at least one revolution of one of said at least two cylinders during which it is deactivated, another of said at least two cylinders is an active cylinder operating according to said three-phase thermodynamic cycle;
- the engine comprises at least three cylinders, each piston of which drives the same crankshaft by means of a traditional connecting rod-crank device, and of which each cylinder is made according to the invention, and, during said at least one revolution of one of said at least three cylinders during which it is deactivated, the at least two other cylinders are active cylinders operating according to said three-phase thermodynamic cycle;
- the engine an energy recovery system, a channel which connects the energy recovery system in the upper part of the cylinder located above the piston, and a valve a controlled active drain valve of the energy recovery system in the upper part of the cylinder;
- the pneumatic cylinder for controlling the opening of the exhaust valve is integrated into the cylinder head and its piston is integral with the exhaust valve stem;
- the pneumatic cylinder for controlling the opening of the exhaust valve is arranged outside the cylinder head, and the output member of the cylinder is connected, directly or indirectly, to the stem of the exhaust valve by a movement transmission member;
- the pneumatic cylinder for controlling the opening of the exhaust valve is a pneumatic muscle
- said movement transmission member is a rocker which is pivotally mounted around an axis which is orthogonal to the sliding axis of the exhaust valve, one of whose ends is connected, directly or indirectly, to the stem of the exhaust valve, and the other opposite end is connected to the output member of the pneumatic control cylinder;
- the stem of the exhaust valve is crossed axially by a pressure balancing channel which opens into a compensation chamber and into the upper part of the cylinder;
- the low pressure gas source is a regulator whose inlet is connected to the high pressure storage tank or the inlet conduit, and the outlet of which is connected to the control chamber;
- the regulator is a regulator with variable outlet pressure controlled to vary the value of the lift of the exhaust valve from its seat.
- FIG.lA - Figure 1A schematically represents a first embodiment of an engine according to the invention, with an active chamber included in the cylinder, which is illustrated in axial section at its bottom dead center, and its device for compressed air supply;
- FIG.1 B - Figure 1B is a view similar to that of Figure 1A in which the engine is illustrated, at its top dead center, the exhaust valve having been opened from bottom dead center;
- FIG.2 - Figure 2 is a view similar to that of Figure 1A which illustrates a second embodiment of a motor according to the invention
- FIG.3 the figure is a view similar to that of Figure 1A which illustrates a third embodiment of a motor according to the invention
- FIG.4 - Figure 4 is a view similar to that of Figure 3 which illustrates an alternative embodiment of the third embodiment
- FIG.5 - Figure 4 is a view similar to that of Figure 3 which illustrates another alternative embodiment of the third embodiment
- FIG.6 is an axial sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a modular cartridge integrating a valve capable of being integrated into an engine of the type illustrated schematically in Figures 3 and 4;
- FIG.7 schematically represents the deactivation of a cylinder according to the invention
- FIG.8 - Figure 8 schematically represents the deactivation according to the invention of one of the cylinders of an engine according to the invention with three cylinders.
- the engine comprises one or more cylinders, of which only one 1 is shown which is supplied by a pressurized gas, preferably by compressed air, contained in a high pressure storage tank 12.
- the engine comprises a piston 2 which is mounted sliding along its axis in the cylinder 1, and a crankshaft 5 which is driven by the piston 2 by means of a conventional device with connecting rod 3 and crank 4.
- the engine has a cylinder head 6 which closes at its upper part the internal volume of the cylinder 1 which is swept by the piston 2.
- the internal volume of cylinder 1 which is swept by piston 2 is divided along an imaginary line DD' (corresponding to a division plane orthogonal to the axis of cylinder 1) into two parts or chambers comprising:
- the cylinder head 6 comprises at least one exhaust conduit 8 which is connected to the atmosphere and into which the flow of exhaust gas from the cylinder 1 flows.
- the exhaust conduit 8 ends at its lower end with an orifice exhaust 7 arranged above piston 2.
- the cylinder head 6 and the piston 2 are arranged in such a way that, when the piston 2 is at its top dead center, the residual volume between the piston 2 and the cylinder head 6 is, by construction, reduced to only the minimum clearances allowing operation without contact between the piston 2 and the cylinder head 6, that is to say without contact between the upper face 30 of the piston 2 and the portion opposite the lower face 32 of the cylinder head 6 which closes the cylinder 1 at its upper part.
- the cylinder head 6 comprises an exhaust valve 9, which is in particular capable of cooperating in a sealed manner with an exhaust valve seat 20 formed in the cylinder head 6 and which delimits the exhaust port 7.
- the cylinder head 6 also includes at least one intake valve, at least one intake port and at least one exhaust duct (not shown) and whose design and operation are similar to the exhaust system described here in detail. .
- the torque supplied by the engine is controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the intake valve by opening it at the top dead center TDC of the stroke of piston 2 and closing it to modify the duration and/or or the angular sector of the inlet, as well as the passage section of the inlet opening, in particular as a function of the value of the pressure of the gas contained in the storage tank 12.
- the inlet conduit (not shown) is connected directly to the high pressure gas tank 12 which thus directly supplies the active chamber CA, the latter thus being at the same pressure as that of the gas contained in the tank 12, by example of the order of 100 bars and it is greater than that prevailing in the active chamber CA and the expansion chamber CD, for example equal to 1.5 bar at the time of the cycle corresponding to the bottom dead center PMB of the piston, at the end expansion, just before the exhaust valve opens.
- the exhaust valve 9 is guided sliding in a valve guide 206 and it is mounted movable in axial movement - along its main axis - between:
- the engine comprises a pneumatic cylinder, or gas cylinder, V for controlling the opening of the exhaust valve 9 which, by way of non-limiting example and according to the design illustrated in Figures 1A to 1C, is arranged in the cylinder head 6.
- the jack V comprises a jack cylinder and a closing piston P which is linked in axial movement with the upper rod 26 of the exhaust valve 9, and which is slidably mounted in the cylinder of the jack V inside which it sealingly delimits a lower chamber 100, called the opening chamber of the exhaust valve 9, or control chamber.
- the jack cylinder comprises an upper chamber 99 in which is housed a spring 13 for elastic return of the exhaust valve 9 which is for example a helical spring which is mounted compressed in the upper chamber 99 and which exerts an elastic force oriented downwards on the upper face 27 of the piston P.
- a spring 13 for elastic return of the exhaust valve 9 which is for example a helical spring which is mounted compressed in the upper chamber 99 and which exerts an elastic force oriented downwards on the upper face 27 of the piston P.
- the jack cylinder is extended by an upper section 98 of smaller diameter in which the upper part of the rod 26 of the exhaust valve 9 - which extends above the piston P - is received in axial sliding.
- the upper free end face 22 of the rod 26 of the exhaust valve 9 delimits in the section 98 an upper chamber 101 called the compensation chamber.
- the compensation chamber 101 also called the pressure balancing chamber, is permanently connected to the upper part of the cylinder 1 located above the piston 2 by a central channel 102 opening at its two opposite ends which extends axially to through the exhaust valve 9 over its entire height.
- a channel X1 connects the exhaust conduit 8 to the lower compensation chamber 100 of the cylinder V.
- the engine includes a controlled so-called intake valve A which is arranged in channel X1, and the opening of which can be controlled to put the reservoir 12 in communication with the compensation chamber 100.
- a regulator 10 is interposed in the channel 8 bars - to supply the compensation chamber 100.
- the regulator 10 can be with constant outlet pressure or alternatively with adjustable outlet pressure. When the outlet pressure of the regulator is adjustable, controlling its value makes it possible to vary the value of the valve lift.
- the lower compensation chamber 100 is here connected to the upper part of the cylinder 1 located above the piston 2 by two consecutive channels X2 and X3 with the interposition of an energy recovery system 11.
- the motor includes a controlled valve B called a shutter drain valve B arranged in channel X2, the opening of which can be controlled to put the compensation chamber 100 in communication with the potential energy recovery system 11.
- the engine includes a controlled valve C, called an active drain valve, which connects the upper part of the cylinder 1 to the potential energy recovery system 11 and whose opening can be controlled to activate the potential energy recovery system 11 with cylinder 1.
- a controlled valve C called an active drain valve
- the exhaust valve 9 is permanently returned to its closed position.
- the exhaust valve 9 is elastically returned and is held closed on its valve seat 20 by a return spring 13.
- the exhaust valve 9 is balanced against the pressure forces prevailing in the cylinder 1 which apply on the lower face 21 of the head 25 of the valve.
- the engine includes a so-called low pressure distribution system which is connected to the exhaust conduit 8 by the regulator 10, the value of the outlet pressure of which is lower than the pressure of the high pressure gas contained in the tank 12.
- the maximum value of the pressure prevailing in the distribution system, downstream of the regulator 10, is constant throughout the progressive emptying of the tank 12. This maximum value of the pressure prevailing in the distribution system corresponds to the minimum of obtaining a complete lifting stroke of the inlet valve, but it can vary below this maximum value in order to reduce the stroke of the inlet valve.
- the control pressure then applies to the lower surface 23 of the piston P secured to the rod or tail of the exhaust valve 9.
- the force thus applied to the exhaust valve 9 is greater than the return force downwards exerted by the spring 13 on the upper face 27 of the piston P, and it causes a separation or lifting of the valve 9 from the seat 20.
- the exhaust valve 9 then travels the entirety of its opening stroke and it places the exhaust conduit 8 in communication with the atmosphere.
- Controlling the opening of the drain valve B puts the control chamber 100 in communication with the potential energy recovery system 11.
- the closing of the drain valve B is controlled, and the opening of the drain valve active drain C is in turn controlled to - via channel X3 - put the potential energy recovery system 11 in communication with the cylinder 1.
- the design of the potential energy recovery system 11 can take several forms, depending on the type of energy that we want to recover, and for example:
- a combination of one or more of these energy recovery systems can be considered.
- valve C is an active distribution valve.
- the intake valve and the intake conduit are not shown in Figures 1A to 6, but the assembly is of the same design and operates according to the same principle as that which governs the exhaust.
- the exhaust valve control system can be connected to the same regulator 10 to the same potential energy recovery system 11 as those belonging to the exhaust valve control system 9.
- the opening cycle of the valve d The exhaust is close to opening at the bottom dead center of the stroke of piston 2 and close to closing at the top dead center of the stroke of piston 2.
- Valve E is a two-position, three-way type. In its state or position illustrated in the figure, the control chamber 100 is connected to the channel X2 upstream of the potential energy recovery system 11.
- a change in position of the distributor slide causes the output of the regulator 10 to be put into communication with the control chamber 100 and the communication between the control chamber 100 and channel X2 to be interrupted.
- the cylinder V is offset or offset laterally and it can in particular be arranged outside the cylinder head 6 in the form of an independent discrete component.
- This design makes it easier to size the V cylinder and the control chamber.
- a V cylinder for controlling the opening of the valve can be of the so-called "pneumatic muscle” type, the force/stroke behavior of which is quasi-linear and the stroke of which is directly adjustable by adjusting the value of its supply pressure.
- a cylinder can be used with a low supply pressure equal to or less, for example, 8 bars.
- This type of pneumatic muscle (Fluidic Muscle DMSP) is for example marketed under the registered trademark “FESTO”.
- the rocker 14 is pivotally mounted around an axis 15 which is orthogonal to the sliding axis of the exhaust valve 9. One of its ends is connected directly or indirectly to the rod 26 of the valve, and its other opposite end is connected to the output member 17 of the offset cylinder V.
- the two valves A and B of Figure 3 can be replaced by a valve or slide distributor E.
- a cartridge 200 comprising a housing in two parts lower 202 and upper 204 which house an external valve guide 206 which guides in sliding the rod 26 of a valve 9 whose lower head 25 is illustrated in screw -vis a valve seat 20 integrated into the lower part 202 of the cartridge housing 200.
- the inlet orifice 7 is formed in the lower part 202 of the cartridge housing and it is here cylindrical with a circular section
- the upper section of the rod 25 is shaped like a hollow piston P in which an internal valve guide 207 is received in a sealed manner.
- the compensation chamber 101 is thus arranged at the interface between the upper face 22 of the rod 25 - into which the balancing channel 102 opens - and the lower face portion facing screw 209 of internal guide 207.
- the external guide 206 and the lower part 202 of the housing are crossed by passages 210 for venting to the open air.
- valve 9 is illustrated in its maximum high position corresponding to the control of its complete opening.
- This position is determined by a mechanical stop surface 212 carried by the upper part 204 of the housing against which the upper face 27 bears axially upwards.
- the hollow piston P secured to the rod 25 is able to be driven in axial sliding in both directions - between its high position illustrated in Figure 6 and its low position in which the head 25 is in axial downward support against the seat 20 (See Figure 7) - by a rocker 14 which is pivotally mounted around a fixed axis 15 carried by the upper part 204 of the cartridge housing 200.
- the free end 214 of the rocker 14 is able to be connected in an articulated manner to the output rod of an actuator or control cylinder which is for example a pneumatic muscle as illustrated in Figure 7.
- This deactivation is obtained by keeping the intake valve closed during the entirety of this “off” turn and by keeping the exhaust valve open also during the entirety of this same “off” turn.
- the inlet valve is kept closed to block the admission of the gas under pressure into the cylinder (1) during this revolution of rotation and, simultaneously during this same revolution of rotation, the exhaust valve is kept open in a so-called cylinder deactivation state.
- the principle of implementing the deactivation of a cylinder according to the invention can be implemented in the context of an engine with at least two cylinders whose pistons drive the same crankshaft .
- This operation allows you to use only certain cylinders (of your choice) and to make others “neutral” or “transparent”. This makes it possible to adjust the overall load of the engine while operating at full load (i.e. at best efficiency) on one or more non-deactivated cylinders. For example, on a three-cylinder engine, single-cylinder operation is one-third of maximum load, with only one "active" cylinder operating at full load.
- Figure 8 illustrates an example of an engine according to the invention with three identical in-line cylinders.
- Each intake valve is connected to the same reservoir 12 of pressurized air.
- the first cylinder (on the right) is an active cylinder, while the second and the third cylinder are each in a “deactivated” operating state according to the principle described above with reference to the figure 7.
- the deactivation of a cylinder can be carried out according to a number of consecutive revolutions of rotation of the crankshaft, for example for 1000 revolutions, then change to a “deactivated” cylinder.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2204427A FR3135486A1 (fr) | 2022-05-10 | 2022-05-10 | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape d’échappement équilibrée permettant une désactivation de cylindre |
| PCT/EP2023/025219 WO2023217413A1 (fr) | 2022-05-10 | 2023-05-09 | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape d'échappement équilibrée permettant une désactivation de cylindre |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4522847A1 true EP4522847A1 (fr) | 2025-03-19 |
| EP4522847B1 EP4522847B1 (fr) | 2026-04-15 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23728267.8A Active EP4522847B1 (fr) | 2022-05-10 | 2023-05-09 | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape d'échappement équilibrée permettant une désactivation de cylindre |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4522847B1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3135486A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023217413A1 (fr) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3097254A3 (fr) * | 2019-06-17 | 2020-12-18 | Motor Development International | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape équilibrée |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2831598A1 (fr) | 2001-10-25 | 2003-05-02 | Mdi Motor Dev Internat | Groupe motocompresseur-motoalternateur a injection d'air comprime additionnel fonctionnant en mono et pluri energies |
| FR2838769B1 (fr) | 2002-04-22 | 2005-04-22 | Mdi Motor Dev Internat | Detendeur a debit variable et distribution par soupape a commande progressive pour moteur a injection d'air comprime fonctionnant en mono et pluri energie et autres moteurs ou compresseurs |
| FR2862349B1 (fr) | 2003-11-17 | 2006-02-17 | Mdi Motor Dev Internat Sa | Moteur a chambre active mono et/ou bi energie a air comprime et/ou energie additionnelle et son cycle thermodynamique |
| FR2905404B1 (fr) | 2006-09-05 | 2012-11-23 | Mdi Motor Dev Internat Sa | Moteur a chambre active mono et/ou bi energie a air comprime et/ou energie additionnelle. |
| FR2965581B1 (fr) | 2010-10-04 | 2014-05-16 | Motor Development Int Sa | Moteur a chambre active incluse mono et/ou bi energie a air comprime et/ou a energie additionnelle |
| FR2965582B1 (fr) | 2010-10-05 | 2016-01-01 | Motor Development Int Sa | Moteur autodetendeur plurimodal a air comprime a chambre active incluse |
| FR3021347B1 (fr) | 2014-05-22 | 2016-05-20 | Motor Dev Int S A | Moteur a air comprime a chambre active incluse et a distribution active a l'admission |
-
2022
- 2022-05-10 FR FR2204427A patent/FR3135486A1/fr active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-05-09 WO PCT/EP2023/025219 patent/WO2023217413A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-05-09 EP EP23728267.8A patent/EP4522847B1/fr active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3097254A3 (fr) * | 2019-06-17 | 2020-12-18 | Motor Development International | Moteur à air comprimé à chambre active incluse et à distribution active à soupape équilibrée |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023217413A1 (fr) | 2023-11-16 |
| FR3135486A1 (fr) | 2023-11-17 |
| EP4522847B1 (fr) | 2026-04-15 |
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