EP4523306A1 - Dispositif de circuit - Google Patents

Dispositif de circuit

Info

Publication number
EP4523306A1
EP4523306A1 EP23726114.4A EP23726114A EP4523306A1 EP 4523306 A1 EP4523306 A1 EP 4523306A1 EP 23726114 A EP23726114 A EP 23726114A EP 4523306 A1 EP4523306 A1 EP 4523306A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit device
line
connection
modules
output
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23726114.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
David Gögelein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fothermo System Ag
Original Assignee
Fothermo System Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fothermo System Ag filed Critical Fothermo System Ag
Publication of EP4523306A1 publication Critical patent/EP4523306A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for DC mains or DC distribution networks
    • H02J1/08—Three-wire DC power distribution systems; Systems having more than three wires
    • H02J1/084—Three-wire DC power distribution systems; Systems having more than three wires for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/007—Arrangements for selectively connecting one or more loads to one or more power sources or power lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/22—Solar energy
    • H02J2101/24—Photovoltaics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit device.
  • DE 10 2020 102 532 A1 describes a circuit device for supplying a hot water generator from a regenerative energy source, in particular a solar cell or a wind turbine, in which output connections of the energy source are connected to an adaptation circuit, the output circuit of which is led through a heating resistor of the hot water generator, wherein the adaptation circuit is controlled via a control circuit in such a way that the current flow through the heating resistor corresponds to a predetermined power output to the heating resistor and that alternatively or additionally the hot water generator can be operated via a mains supply.
  • the circuit device can be used for energy management or surplus management in that energy from a renewable energy source, in particular from a photovoltaic system, can be used to supply, for example, a hot water generator as the first electrical load, with energy not used by the hot water generator being supplied to another consumer, for example in the form of an accumulator can be supplied as a second electrical load or to the power grid via an inverter as a third electrical load.
  • a renewable energy source in particular from a photovoltaic system
  • energy not used by the hot water generator being supplied to another consumer, for example in the form of an accumulator can be supplied as a second electrical load or to the power grid via an inverter as a third electrical load.
  • the PV modules can be switched to the system outputs in a variable configuration. This enables PV modules to be connected in parallel during operation as well as a separate, simultaneous supply of several consumers.
  • Switch up to four 60 or 72 cell PV modules as energy sources (indicated closed, which supply up to three electrical loads as consumers, preferably in the form of a hot water generator, an accumulator or an inverter for feeding into the power grid, at the outputs.
  • the targeted opening and closing of switches is based on a prioritization of the outputs and depending on the incoming power of the PV modules, whereby if more power is generated than an electrical load can absorb, one PV module moves onto the next -priority output is switched.
  • a connection of a first photovoltaic module as an energy source is connected to a first output via a first line
  • a connection of a second photovoltaic module as an energy source is connected to a second output via a second line
  • a connection of a third photovoltaic module as an energy source is connected via a third Line connected to a third output
  • a connection of a four- th photovoltaic module as an energy source via a fourth line to a first switch, the other connection of which is connected to the second line, and to a fourth switch, the other connection of which is connected to the first line
  • the third line being connected to the second line a second switch and the second line is connected to the first line via a third switch.
  • the other connections of the photovoltaic modules are connected to ground directly or via reverse polarity protection.
  • the further connections of the outputs are each connected to ground via further switches for connection to the electrical loads.
  • the positive supply voltages of the PV modules are interconnected via two N-channel power MOSFETs.
  • a control circuit is provided for the gate connections of the power MOSFETs, which increases an incoming PV voltage via a charge pump with a PWM signal.
  • the increased voltage is limited by means of a Zener diode in order to prevent an overvoltage between the gate and source connection and a resulting breakdown.
  • the gate of the power MOSFETs is controlled via a push-pull output stage, the push-pull output stage being switched via a logic MOSFET.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first schematic view of a circuit device according to the invention or part thereof
  • Figure 2 shows a second schematic view of a circuit device according to the invention or part thereof
  • FIG. 3 shows a third schematic view of a circuit device according to the invention or part thereof
  • Figure 4 shows a fourth schematic view of a circuit device according to the invention or part thereof.
  • FIG. 5 shows a fifth schematic view of a circuit device according to the invention or part thereof
  • Figure 6 shows a sixth schematic view of a circuit device according to the invention or part thereof.
  • Figure 7 is a view of a diagram from a simulation program.
  • identical or functionally identical components are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the circuit device according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to FIG.
  • the circuit device 2 is used for energy management or surplus management of electrical energy and is described below in connection with a photovoltaic system.
  • the circuit device according to the invention can also be used in conjunction with other renewable energy sources, such as a wind turbine.
  • Up to four 60- or 72-cell PV modules PV1 to PV4 can be connected on the input side via the switching device 2. Up to three electrical loads L1 to L3 are connected on the output side as energy consumers. This can be a hot water tank L1, an accumulator circuit device L2 or an inverter L3.
  • the PV modules PV1 to PV4 can be switched to the system outputs in a variable configuration. This enables a parallel connection of the PV modules PV1 to PV4 during operation as well as a separate, simultaneous supply of several consumers or electrical loads L1 to L3. If more power is generated by the PV modules PV1 to PV4 than, for example, the electrical load L1 can absorb, a PV module is switched to the next load L2. The switching behavior can be based on the prioritization of the outputs of the electrical loads L1 to L3. According to the invention, the PV modules PV1 to PV4 can be in a variable configuration switched so that separate, simultaneous supply of several consumers is possible during operation.
  • a connection of the first photovoltaic module PV1 is connected to a first output 01 via a line 6. Furthermore, a connection of the second photovoltaic module PV2 is connected to a second output 02 via a line 8 and a connection of the third photovoltaic module PV3 is connected to a third output 03 via a line 10.
  • a connection of the fourth photovoltaic module PV4 is connected via a line 12 to a switch SWI1, the other connection of which is connected to the line 10, and to a switch SWI4, the other connection of which is connected to the line 6. Furthermore, line 10 is connected to line 8 via switch SWI2 and line 8 is connected to line 6 via switch SWI3.
  • the other connections of the photovoltaic modules PV1 to PV4 can be connected to ground directly or, as shown in Figure 2, via reverse polarity protection 4.
  • the outputs 01 to 03 can be connected to the electrical loads L1 to L3, as shown above with reference to Figure 1.
  • the other connections of outputs 01 to 03 are each connected to ground via switches SW01, SW02 and SW03.
  • FIG. 3A to 3F an exemplary configuration of the selection of the switch positions is shown, which are implemented in operation with two photovoltaic modules and two consumers can.
  • outputs 02 and 03 are each supplied with a PV module, which can be connected in different ways.
  • the assignment of the reference numbers of the switches used follows the illustration in FIG. 2, but was not shown in FIGS. 3A to 3F for reasons of clarity.
  • the module PV2 is assigned to the output 02.
  • the PV1 module is assigned to output 03 via the closed switches SWI4 and SWI1.
  • the switches SWI2 and SWI3 are open.
  • the other switches SW02 and SW03 are also closed, so that a closed circuit can be created.
  • the other switch SW01 is open because there are no consumers at the associated output 01.
  • the module PV3 is assigned to the output 03.
  • the PV1 module is assigned to output 02 via the closed switch SWI3.
  • the switches SWI1, SWI2 and SWI4 are open.
  • the switches SW02 and SW03 are closed, the switch SW01 is open.
  • the module PV1 is assigned to output 02 via the closed switch SWI3.
  • the PV4 module is assigned to output 03 via the closed switch SWI1.
  • the switches SWI2 and SWI4 are open. Switches SW02 and SW03 are closed, switch SW01 is open.
  • the module PV3 is assigned to the output 03.
  • the PV3 module is assigned to output 03.
  • the PV2 module is assigned to output 02.
  • the switches SWI1, SWI2, SWI3 and SWI4 are open.
  • the switches SW02 and SW03 are closed, the switch SW01 is open.
  • the module PV2 is assigned to the output 02.
  • the PV4 module is assigned to output 03 via the closed switch SWI1.
  • the switches SWI2, SWI3 and SWI4 are open. Switches SW02 and SW03 are closed, switch SW01 is open.
  • the module PV3 is assigned to the output 03.
  • the PV1 module is assigned to output 02 via the closed switches SWI4 and SWI3.
  • the switches SWI1 and SWI2 are open. Switches SW02 and SW03 are closed, switch SW01 is open.
  • the switches can also be used for variable parallel connection of PV modules.
  • the PV modules on the input side are connected in parallel using the structure shown in Figure 4.
  • the positive supply voltages of the PV modules are interconnected via N-channel MOSFETs. Taking the body diode into account, two N-channel MOSFETs are connected in series. This is necessary to prevent interference current via the body diode when the switch is closed, for example if one of the neighboring PV modules is not connected or has a lower voltage.
  • FIG. 14 An embodiment of the control circuit 14 for generating the control voltage of the gate is shown in FIG.
  • the capacitor C1 is cyclically charged to the PV voltage V+, with the next step being the voltage voltage at C1 is raised to twice the PV voltage by closing switch M11 with a PWM signal.
  • the diode D2 charges the capacitor C2 to this double PV module voltage, whereby this charging process requires a certain charging time.
  • the increased voltage is applied to the gate GATE of the PV input to be switched, with a Zener diode D3 limiting the control voltage (here to 12 volts) and thus preventing a gate-source breakdown.
  • the gate voltage of the power MOSFETs can be pulled to ground potential, which opens them and cancels the parallel connection of the PV modules.
  • FIG. 14 A further embodiment of the control circuit 14 for generating the control voltage of the gate is shown in FIG.
  • the positive supply voltages of the PV modules are interconnected with charge pumps via anti-serial N-channel MOSFETs via discrete gate drivers.
  • the capacitor C15 is charged to the supply voltage V+ via the diode D4 with the switch Q12 closed.
  • the switch Q12 is then opened, so that the supply voltage V+ is now present at the negative potential of the capacitor C15. Since the capacitor was previously charged to the supply voltage, twice the operating voltage is now present at its positive potential. This is used to charge a second capacitor C19 via diode D8.
  • the diodes ensure that the capacitors are charged on one side and prevent reverse current.
  • capacitor C19 When capacitor C19 is charged, capacitor C15 is discharged, which is why it must be periodically recharged.
  • a PWM signal is used to control the switch Q12 to the capacitor C15 to be charged cyclically and to generate twice the operating voltage on capacitor C19.
  • the doubled operating voltage is used to supply the gate G1 to G4 (see Figure 4) of the power MOSFETs, which are controlled via the push-pull output stage consisting of the N-channel MOSFET Q19 and P-channel MOSFET Q20.
  • the push-pull output stage is switched via the logic MOSFET Q16. If this is in the open switching state, the increased operating voltage is present at the gate of the push-pull output stage, which is limited to 15 V above the value of the supply voltage V+ using a Zener diode Z. If there is a positive voltage at the gate of the push-pull output stage, the associated N-channel MOSFET Q19 switches, whereby the increased operating voltage reduced by the specific threshold voltage of the logic MOSFET is present at the gate of the power MOSFETs and the power MOSFETs switch.
  • the incoming PV voltage V+ is doubled via a bootstrapping circuit with a PWM signal.
  • the increased voltage is limited using a Zener diode to prevent an overvoltage between the gate and source terminals and a resulting breakdown.
  • a discrete driver circuit with a push-pull stage consisting of an N-channel and P-channel MOSFET is used for faster switching of the MOSFET power switches.
  • the driver stage is controlled via an N-channel MOSFET.
  • the current flow is via a Series resistor limited, with optional diode configuration allowing faster charging or discharging.
  • PWM signal marked here with the reference number 16 to be raised to a voltage higher, for example 12 or 15 volts, in order to control the gate of the MOSFETs, shown here with the reference number 20.
  • a voltage higher for example 12 or 15 volts

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de circuit (2) dans lequel jusqu'à quatre sources d'énergie régénératives, en particulier des modules PV (PV1,.... PV4), sont connectées du côté de l'entrée et jusqu'à trois charges électriques (L1, L2, L3) sont connectées du côté de la sortie en tant que consommateurs. Par l'ouverture et la fermeture de commutateurs de manière contrôlée, les sources d'énergie peuvent être commutées vers les sorties (O1, O2, O3) dans une configuration variable afin de réaliser un circuit parallèle des sources d'énergie (PV1,..., PV4) pendant le fonctionnement ou afin de réaliser une alimentation séparée et simultanée de plusieurs charges (L1, L2, L3).
EP23726114.4A 2022-05-11 2023-05-11 Dispositif de circuit Pending EP4523306A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022111862 2022-05-11
PCT/EP2023/062683 WO2023218003A1 (fr) 2022-05-11 2023-05-11 Dispositif de circuit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4523306A1 true EP4523306A1 (fr) 2025-03-19

Family

ID=86558858

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23726114.4A Pending EP4523306A1 (fr) 2022-05-11 2023-05-11 Dispositif de circuit

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4523306A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102023112528A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023218003A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080024007A1 (en) * 2006-07-10 2008-01-31 Honeywell International Inc. Multiple load hybrid power supply
FR2961035B1 (fr) * 2010-06-04 2013-09-20 Aeg Power Solutions Bv Dispositif de connexion matricielle pour panneaux photovoltaiques et/ou eoliennes
US9240685B2 (en) * 2013-01-21 2016-01-19 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Reconfigurable matrix-based power distribution architecture
CN105409080B (zh) * 2013-07-29 2019-06-11 京瓷株式会社 电力转换装置、控制电力转换装置的方法以及电力转换系统
US9965016B2 (en) * 2016-03-09 2018-05-08 International Power Supply AD Power asset command and control architecture
DE102020102532B4 (de) 2020-01-31 2022-02-24 fothermo System AG Anpassungsschaltung zur Regelung einer Leistungsabgabe an eine resistive Last und Schaltungsvorrichtung zur Versorgung eines Warmwassererzeugers aus einer regenerativen Energiequelle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102023112528A1 (de) 2023-11-16
WO2023218003A1 (fr) 2023-11-16

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