EP4533868A1 - Attribution d'énergie de transmission entre différentes radios - Google Patents

Attribution d'énergie de transmission entre différentes radios

Info

Publication number
EP4533868A1
EP4533868A1 EP23736929.3A EP23736929A EP4533868A1 EP 4533868 A1 EP4533868 A1 EP 4533868A1 EP 23736929 A EP23736929 A EP 23736929A EP 4533868 A1 EP4533868 A1 EP 4533868A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radios
reserve
radio
active state
antenna group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23736929.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Huang Lou
Arnaud Meylan
Farhad Meshkati
Reza Shahidi
Lin Lu
Jagadish Nadakuduti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Qualcomm Inc
Original Assignee
Qualcomm Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US18/325,773 external-priority patent/US20230397123A1/en
Application filed by Qualcomm Inc filed Critical Qualcomm Inc
Publication of EP4533868A1 publication Critical patent/EP4533868A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
    • H04W52/04—Transmission power control [TPC]
    • H04W52/30—Transmission power control [TPC] using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/36—Transmission power control [TPC] using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
    • H04W52/367—Power values between minimum and maximum limits, e.g. dynamic range
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/3827—Portable transceivers
    • H04B1/3833—Hand-held transceivers
    • H04B1/3838—Arrangements for reducing RF exposure to the user, e.g. by changing the shape of the transceiver while in use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
    • H04W52/04—Transmission power control [TPC]
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/242—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account path loss
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
    • H04W52/04—Transmission power control [TPC]
    • H04W52/30—Transmission power control [TPC] using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/34—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading
    • H04W52/346—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading distributing total power among users or channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
    • H04W52/04—Transmission power control [TPC]
    • H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals

Definitions

  • aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communications, and more particularly, to radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the apparatus generally includes a memory and a processor coupled to the memory.
  • the processor is configured to obtain reserve information associated with an antenna group associated with a plurality of radios including a first radio and one or more second radios, wherein the first radio communicates via a first type of radio access technology, and wherein the one or more second radios communicate via a second type of radio access technology, which is different from the first type of radio access technology; determine a reserve for each of the plurality of radios based at least in part on the reserve information and an active state associated with each of the plurality of radios; and transmit one or more signals using at least one of the radios at a transmit power determined based at least in part on a radio frequency (RF) exposure limit associated with each of the radios and the reserve for each of the radios.
  • RF radio frequency
  • FIGs. 4A, 4B, and 4C are graphs illustrating examples of transmit powers over time in compliance with a time-averaged RF exposure limit, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a communications device (e.g., a UE) that may include various components configured to perform operations for the techniques disclosed herein, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
  • a communications device e.g., a UE
  • various components configured to perform operations for the techniques disclosed herein, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
  • a wireless communications device may evaluate radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance for two radios of a specific RAT (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE) or Fifth Generation New Radio (5G NR)) or a class of RATs, such as wireless wide area network (WWAN) access technologies (e.g., LTE and 5G NR).
  • RF radio frequency
  • the wireless device may be configured with a minimum reserve associated with two radios used for WWAN communications and a ratio used to split the minimum reserve among the radios when both radios are actively transmitting at the same time. When both of the radios are transmitting at the same time, the wireless device may divide the minimum reserve among the radios based on the configured ratio.
  • a radio may refer to a physical or logical transmission path associated with one or more active frequency bands, transceivers, and/or radio access technologies (RATs) (e.g., code division multiple access (CDMA), LTE, NR, IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, etc.) used for wireless communications.
  • RATs radio access technologies
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • NR Long Term Evolution
  • IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth etc.
  • multi-band transmissions for IEEE 802.11 communications may be treated as separate radios for each band (e.g., 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz).
  • a “minimum reserve” or merely “reserve” may refer to a minimum level of transmit power allocated to one or more radios for a certain duration (e.g., a transmission occasion, a time window associated with a (time-averaged) RF exposure limit, or a portion thereof).
  • any number of wireless networks may be deployed in a given geographic area.
  • Each wireless network may support a particular radio access technology (RAT) and may operate on one or more frequencies.
  • a RAT may also be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, etc.
  • a frequency may also be referred to as a carrier, a subcarrier, a frequency channel, a tone, a subband, etc.
  • Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area in order to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs, or may support multiple RATs.
  • the techniques described herein may be used for various wireless networks and radio technologies.
  • aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with 3G, 4G, and/or new radio (e.g., 5GNR) wireless technologies, aspects of the present disclosure can be applied in other generation-based communication systems and/or to wireless technologies such as 802.11, 802.15, etc.
  • 3G, 4G, and/or new radio e.g., 5GNR
  • NR access may support various wireless communication services, such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) targeting wide bandwidth (e.g., 80 MHz or beyond), millimeter wave (mmWave) targeting high carrier frequency (e.g., 24 GHz to 53 GHz or beyond), massive machine type communications MTC (mMTC) targeting non-backward compatible MTC techniques, and/or mission critical targeting ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC).
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • mmWave millimeter wave
  • mMTC massive machine type communications MTC
  • URLLC ultra-reliable low-latency communications
  • These services may include latency and reliability specifications.
  • These services may also have different transmission time intervals (TTIs) to meet respective quality of service (QoS) specifications.
  • TTIs transmission time intervals
  • QoS quality of service
  • these services may co-exist in the same subframe.
  • NR supports beamforming, and beam direction may be dynamically configured.
  • the wireless communication network 100 may include a number of BSs HOa-z (each also individually referred to herein as BS 110 or collectively as BSs 110) and other network entities.
  • a BS 110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area, sometimes referred to as a “cell,” which may be stationary or may move according to the location of a mobile BS.
  • the BSs 110 may be interconnected to one another and/or to one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in wireless communication network 100 through various types of backhaul interfaces (e.g., a direct physical connection, a wireless connection, a virtual network, or the like) using any suitable transport network.
  • backhaul interfaces e.g., a direct physical connection, a wireless connection, a virtual network, or the like
  • a network controller 130 may be in communication with a set of BSs 110 and provide coordination and control for these BSs 110 (e.g., via a backhaul).
  • the network controller 130 may include a centralized unit (CU) and/or a distributed unit (DU), for example, in a 5G NR system.
  • the network controller 130 may be in communication with a core network 132 (e.g., a 5G Core Network (5GC)), which provides various network functions such as Access and Mobility Management, Session Management, User Plane Function, Policy Control Function, Authentication Server Function, Unified Data Management, Application Function, Network Exposure Function, Network Repository Function, Network Slice Selection Function, etc.
  • 5GC 5G Core Network
  • FIG. 2 illustrates example components of BS 110a and UE 120a (e.g., the wireless communication network 100 of FIG. 1), which may be used to implement aspects of the present disclosure.
  • a transmit processor 220 may receive data from a data source 212 and control information from a controller/processor 240.
  • the control information may be for the physical broadcast channel (PBCH), physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel (PHICH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), group common PDCCH (GC PDCCH), etc.
  • the data may be for the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), etc.
  • a medium access control (MAC)-control element is a MAC layer communication structure that may be used for control command exchange between wireless nodes.
  • the MAC-CE may be carried in a shared channel such as a PDSCH, a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), or a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).
  • a shared channel such as a PDSCH, a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), or a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).
  • Each modulator in transceivers 232a- 232t may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream.
  • Each of the transceivers 232a-232t may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal.
  • Downlink signals from the transceivers 232a-232t may be transmitted via the antennas 234a-234t, respectively.
  • a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data (e.g., for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)) from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)) from the controller/processor 280.
  • the transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal (e.g., for the sounding reference signal (SRS)).
  • the symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 if applicable, further processed by the modulators (MODs) in transceivers 254a-254r (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc.), and transmitted to the BS 110a.
  • MODs modulators
  • NR may utilize orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) on the uplink and downlink.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • NR may support half-duplex operation using time division duplexing (TDD).
  • OFDM and single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) partition the system bandwidth into multiple orthogonal subcarriers, which are also commonly referred to as tones, bins, etc. Each subcarrier may be modulated with data. Modulation symbols may be sent in the frequency domain with OFDM and in the time domain with SC-FDM.
  • the spacing between adjacent subcarriers may be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers may be dependent on the system bandwidth.
  • the system bandwidth may also be partitioned into subbands. For example, a subband may cover multiple resource blocks (RBs).
  • RBs resource blocks
  • the UE 120a is described with respect to FIGs. 1 and 2 as communicating with a BS and/or within a network, the UE 120a may be configured to communicate directly with/transmit directly to another UE 120, or with/to another wireless device without relaying communications through a network.
  • the BS 110a illustrated in FIG. 2 and described above is an example of another UE 120.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an example RF transceiver circuit 300, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the RF transceiver circuit 300 includes at least one transmit (TX) path 302 (also known as a transmit chain) for transmitting signals via one or more antennas 306 and at least one receive (RX) path 304 (also known as a receive chain) for receiving signals via the antennas 306.
  • TX transmit
  • RX path 304 also known as a receive chain
  • the paths may be connected with the antenna via an interface 308, which may include any of various suitable RF devices, such as a switch, a duplexer, a diplexer, a multiplexer, and the like.
  • the BBF 312 filters the baseband signals received from the DAC 310, and the mixer 314 mixes the filtered baseband signals with a transmit local oscillator (LO) signal to convert the baseband signal of interest to a different frequency (e.g., upconvert from baseband to a radio frequency).
  • LO local oscillator
  • This frequency conversion process produces the sum and difference frequencies between the LO frequency and the frequencies of the baseband signal of interest.
  • the sum and difference frequencies are referred to as the beat frequencies.
  • the beat frequencies are typically in the RF range, such that the signals output by the mixer 314 are typically RF signals, which may be amplified by the DA 316 and/or by the PA 318 before transmission by the antenna 306. While one mixer 314 is illustrated, several mixers may be used to upconvert the filtered baseband signals to one or more intermediate frequencies and to thereafter upconvert the intermediate frequency signals to a frequency for transmission.
  • Certain transceivers may employ frequency synthesizers with a voltage- controlled oscillator (VCO) to generate a stable, tunable LO with a particular tuning range.
  • VCO voltage- controlled oscillator
  • the transmit LO may be produced by a TX frequency synthesizer 320, which may be buffered or amplified by amplifier 322 before being mixed with the baseband signals in the mixer 314.
  • the receive LO may be produced by an RX frequency synthesizer 332, which may be buffered or amplified by amplifier 334 before being mixed with the RF signals in the mixer 326.
  • a controller 336 may direct the operation of the RF transceiver circuit 300, such as transmitting signals via the TX path 302 and/or receiving signals via the RX path 304.
  • the controller 336 may be a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof.
  • the memory 338 may store data and program codes for operating the RF transceiver circuit 300.
  • the controller 336 and/or memory 338 may include control logic.
  • a wireless device may simultaneously transmit signals using multiple wireless communication technologies.
  • the wireless device may simultaneously transmit signals using a first wireless communication technology operating at or below 6 GHz (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, etc.) and a second wireless communication technology operating above 6 GHz (e.g., mmWave 5G in 24 to 60 GHz bands, IEEE 802.1 lad or 802. Hay).
  • 6 GHz e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, etc.
  • a second wireless communication technology operating above 6 GHz e.g., mmWave 5G in 24 to 60 GHz bands, IEEE 802.1 lad or 802. Hay
  • the area between Pmax and Preserve for the time duration of Pmax may be equal to the area between Piimit and Preserve for the time window T, such that the area of transmit power (P(t)) in FIG. 4C is equal to the area of Piimit for the time window T.
  • Such an area may be considered using 100% of the energy (transmit power or exposure) to remain compliant with the time- averaged RF exposure limit.
  • the transmitter may transmit at Pmax for a portion of the time window with the transmitter turned off for the remainder of the time window to ensure compliance with the time-averaged RF exposure limit.
  • Preserve is set at a fixed power used to serve for a purpose (e.g., reserving power for certain communications).
  • each transmit burst may vary (either within the burst and/or in comparison to other bursts), and that at least a portion of the burst may be transmitted at a power above the maximum average power level (e.g., Piimit).
  • the maximum average power level e.g., Piimit
  • the antenna groups 504, 506, 508 may each include one or more antennas that are configured to transmit in a certain frequency band (e.g., very high (e.g., mmWave bands), high (e.g., 6 - 7 GHz bands), medium (e.g., 3 - 6 GHz bands), or low (e.g., 400 MHz - 3 GHz bands)), or the antenna groups may each include one or more antennas that are configured to transmit in multiple frequency bands.
  • a certain frequency band e.g., very high (e.g., mmWave bands), high (e.g., 6 - 7 GHz bands), medium (e.g., 3 - 6 GHz bands), or low (e.g., 400 MHz - 3 GHz bands)
  • a certain frequency band e.g., very high (e.g., mmWave bands), high (e.g., 6 - 7 GHz bands), medium (e.g., 3 - 6 GHz bands),
  • the antenna groupings described herein may be assigned into various antenna groupings (such as a mmWave grouping, a sub-6 GHz grouping, a low band grouping (e.g., 400 MHz - 3 GHz bands), a mixed-mode grouping (e.g., mmWave and sub-6 GHz grouping), a multi-RAT grouping (e.g., WWAN and WLAN), groupings for different exposure scenarios and/or device positions relative to the user’s body, etc.), for example, for differing transmit scenarios.
  • various antenna groupings such as a mmWave grouping, a sub-6 GHz grouping, a low band grouping (e.g., 400 MHz - 3 GHz bands), a mixed-mode grouping (e.g., mmWave and sub-6 GHz grouping), a multi-RAT grouping (e.g., WWAN and WLAN), groupings for different exposure scenarios and/or device positions relative to the user’s body, etc.
  • each mmWave module (e.g., the first antenna 502a, the third antenna 502c, and the fifth antenna 502e) may be treated as a separate antenna group, where each mmWave module may have multiple antenna elements (e.g., 64 dual polarization antenna elements) arranged in one or more arrays.
  • the mmWave module may be capable of transmitting various beams via predefined antenna configurations, where the beams may form a codebook.
  • sub-6 GHz antennas may be grouped into separate groups.
  • the second and fourth antennas 502b, 502d may be assigned to a group, and the sixth and seventh antennas 502f, 502g may be assigned to another group.
  • the antennas 502a-502g may be assigned to a mixed-mode grouping, such as the three antenna groups 504, 506, 508. Each antenna may be included in a separate antenna group, as illustrated, or one or more antennas may be included in multiple antenna groups.
  • the secondary radio may be allocated a portion of the minimum reserve for a particular antenna group as provided by the following expression:
  • the two radios may be allocated at least the respective minimum reserve (e.g., NEtotaiMmRsv,AGk) for the corresponding antenna group.
  • Multi-mode/multi-band UEs have multiple transmit antennas, which can simultaneously transmit in sub-6 GHz bands and bands greater than 6 GHz bands, such as mmWave bands.
  • the RF exposure of sub-6 GHz bands may be evaluated in terms of SAR, and the RF exposure of bands greater than 6 GHz may be evaluated in terms of PD. Due to the regulations on simultaneous exposure, the wireless device may limit maximum transmit power for both sub-6 GHz bands and bands greater than 6 GHz.
  • a wireless device may allocate a minimum reserve among radios in an antenna group.
  • the radios in the antenna group may communicate via WWAN (e.g., LTE and 5G NR) and WLAN access technologies (e.g., IEEE 802.11).
  • the wireless device may allocate the minimum reserve among the radios that will be actively transmitting at the same time.
  • the wireless device may be configured with a reserve dedicated to a particular RAT, such as Bluetooth, where other radios in the antenna group may share a minimum reserve, as further described herein.
  • the apparatus and methods for allocating transmit energy among radios described herein may facilitate improved wireless communication performance (e.g., improved signal quality at the receiver, lower latencies, higher throughput, etc.). For example, a wireless device may allocate a portion of a minimum reserve to the radios that are actively transmitting, such that the other radio(s), which are not transmitting, may not be allocated any of the reserve. Such an allocation may allow the radios actively transmitting to obtain a reserve that facilitates improved wireless communication performance.
  • the energy allocation described herein may allow for efficient allocation of a reserve among radios using different RATs.
  • the wireless device may be configured with specific reserve information per antenna group, such as the antenna groups described herein with respect to FIG. 5.
  • At least one of the antenna groups may be associated with three or more radios.
  • the radios may communicate via two or more different RATs in some examples, where the different RATs may include, for example, a combination of WWAN and WLAN, a combination of WWAN and Bluetooth, or a combination of WWAN, WLAN, and Bluetooth.
  • the reserve information may include a minimum reserve, NEtotaiMinRsv ⁇ Gk, shared among two or more of the radios and radio-specific split ratio(s).
  • Each of the radios associated with the shared minimum reserve may be configured with a split ratio used to determine the portion of the shared minimum allocated to the respective radio.
  • Such a configuration for an antenna group may allow the wireless device to efficiently allocate the reserve across radios communicating via different RATs.
  • the minimum reserve may be shared among radios that are transmitting simultaneously with each other or in the same time interval. As an example, if two of the radios in the antenna group are transmitting at the same time, the wireless device may divide the minimum reserve between those radios, as further described herein.
  • the wireless device may be configured with a split ratio per radio associated with a shared minimum reserve.
  • a radio in an active state e.g., radio(z)
  • the portion of the minimum reserve for a particular antenna group (NE totaiMinRsv AGk ) may be determined according to the following expression: where radi o(/)_ split rati o is the split ratio for the radio(z), £ radio active') .
  • split_ratio is the sum of split ratio(s) for radio(s) in an active state (e.g., actively transmitting in the same transmission occasion or time interval of a time window associated with a time- averaged RF exposure limit), and i is the index for each radio in the active state.
  • a radio in an active state may refer to a radio that could be or will be transmitting in a particular transmission occasion or (future) time interval of a time window associated with a time- averaged RF exposure limit.
  • a radio in an active state may correspond to when the radio is (or could be or will be) actively transmitting in a transmission occasion or time interval of the time window.
  • the portion of the reserve allocated to the radio(s) that are not in the active state may be set to the remaining portion of the minimum reserve, such as zero.
  • FIG. 6 is a table 600 illustrating example reserves for a plurality of radios (Radio 1, Radio 2, and Radio 3) of an antenna group (e.g., the antenna group 504, where in this example the antennas in antenna group 504 are coupled to a total of three radios) for different transmit scenarios.
  • the antenna group may be associated with Radio 1 (e.g., a sub-6 GHz radio for NR), Radio 2 (e.g., a 2.4 GHz radio for IEEE 802.11), and Radio 3 (e.g., a 5 GHz radio for IEEE 802.11), where the split ratio for each of Radio 1, Radio 2, and Radio 3 is set to 1/3 or 33%.
  • the minimum reserve configured for the antenna group is set to 0.6 in terms of normalized exposure.
  • the split ratio values being the same among all the radios is merely an example, and the split ratio value may vary among the radios.
  • the split ratio values may be adjusted based on various criteria, such as a priority and/or service associated with a particular radio.
  • the service may include, for example, voice traffic, video traffic, gaming traffic, augmented or virtual reality traffic, video conferencing traffic, an internet-type service, WLAN peer-to-peer (P2P) traffic, cellular vehicle-to-everything (CV2X) traffic, hotspot WLAN traffic, etc.
  • P2P WLAN peer-to-peer
  • CV2X cellular vehicle-to-everything
  • the reserve level that a radio (or each radio) is assigned may depend on which services are mapped to that radio and/or the reserve level for such service(s).
  • certain services may be assigned reserves, such as a reserve level per one or more services, and such service-based reserves may be determined as described herein with respect to the radio-based reserves.
  • a first reserve may be assigned to a first service
  • a second reserve may be assigned to a second service.
  • the services may be distributed among multiple radios (e.g., a first radio may transmit traffic associated with a first service, a second radio may transmit traffic associated with a second service, etc.) or on a single radio (e.g., a first radio may transmit traffic associated with a first service and a second service).
  • radio(/).split_ratio equals the sum of split ratios for radios in the active state, such that Radio 1 is allocated at least the minimum reserve, ⁇ totaiMinRsv,AGk-
  • Radio 1 is allocated at least the minimum reserve
  • Radio 1 is allocated at least the minimum reserve
  • One or more of the radios may be allocated a reserve that is higher than the minimum reserve, for example if additional margin is available and/or depending on one or more other criteria, such as characteristics of a transmission (e.g., possible high variability and/or bursty pattern) and/or priority of a radio.
  • the wireless device may divide the minimum reserve among Radio 1 and Radio 2.
  • each of the split ratios for Radio 1 and Radio 2 is equal to half of the sum of the split ratios for radios in the active state, such that the minimum reserve is equally split among Radio 1 and Radio 2.
  • the wireless device may be configured with specific reserve information for a particular radio in an antenna group.
  • certain reserve information may be assigned to a Bluetooth radio in the antenna group.
  • the reserve information may include a different reserve level (e.g., radio. reserve_levelAGk or BT.reserve_levelAGk) for when a radio in the antenna group is transmitting by itself (e.g., standalone) in the antenna group, when two radios in the antenna group are in the active state, and/or when three or more radios in the antenna group are in active state.
  • the reserve information may guarantee a certain amount of reserve for the radio regardless of whether the radio is transmitting.
  • Such a configuration may allow the wireless device to transmit with the radio via at least the guaranteed reserve level and to prevent the guaranteed reserve level being used by another radio.
  • the wireless device may use a particular reserve (e.g., 0.9 or 90%) for the radio associated with such a transmit scenario.
  • the wireless device may use a different reserve for the radio.
  • the reserves for the radios may satisfy the following expression:
  • the first radio may communicate via a first type of RAT (e.g., WWAN), and the second radio(s) may communicate via a second type of RAT (e.g., WLAN), which is different from the first type of RAT.
  • the wireless device may store the reserve information in a memory device (e.g., the memory 282) and obtain the reserve information from the memory when determining the reserve for the radios.
  • the reserve information may include various parameters associated with determining the reserve for a particular radio, for example, as described herein with respect to Expressions (3) and (4).
  • the wireless device may be configured with reserve information per antenna group.
  • the wireless device may be configured with specific reserve information for each of a first antenna group (e.g., the first antenna group 504), a second antenna group (e.g., the second antenna group 508), and a third antenna group (e.g., the third antenna group 508).
  • the reserve information may include a reserve dedicated to a particular radio, for example, as described herein with respect to Expression (4).
  • the reserve information may include a first reserve (e.g., BT.reserve levelAGk) associated with the first radio and a second reserve (e.g., NEtotaiMinRsv ⁇ Gk) associated with the second radio(s).
  • the first and second reserves may have one or more values associated with a specific transmit scenario.
  • the first reserve may have a value (e.g., between zero and one) regardless of whether the first radio is in the active state.
  • the reserve may be preserved continuously for the entire duration of a transmission, e.g., indefinitely. It may be assumed that the transmission can continue indefinitely and provide reserve indefinitely, which may be accomplished by allocating the reserve for the entire duration of the active radio’s time window associated with the RF exposure limit.
  • the wireless device may determine the reserve information periodically or in response to one or more events. For example, the reserve information may be determined periodically every time window associated with the time-averaged RF exposure limit. In some cases, the reserve information may be determined in response to detecting the occurrence of a specific event, such as when the wireless device is powered on, when the wireless device detects a change in radio conditions, when the wireless device detects a change in the number of radios in the active state, etc. In some cases, the reserve information may be preconfigured.
  • a data buffer with a large amount of data may represent a long transmission time, and the wireless device may increase the total reserve in response to the transmission time based on the size of the data in the buffer.
  • the wireless device may dynamically adjust the total reserve periodically and/or in response to certain event(s), such as a change associated with the one or more criteria. It will be appreciated that alternative or additional criteria may be used to determine the total reserve allocated among the radios. Each criterion may be associated with an individual radio or assessed individually for several radios, and/or may be assessed cumulatively for multiple radios.
  • the wireless device may allocate a greater reserve to a radio with a stronger link quality or lower path loss than the other radio(s).
  • the wireless device may allocate a greater reserve to a radio with a longer expected transmission duration than the other radio(s), where the size of a data buffer may be representative of the expected transmission duration for a particular radio.
  • the reserves may be allocated based on a service or priority associated with each of the radios. In some such examples, allocation of reserve is dynamic and may change over time based on services in use by the wireless device (e.g., as negotiated with or assigned by a network). Allocation of the reserves among the radios may be performed periodically and/or in response to certain event(s), such as a change associated with the one or more criteria. As another example, a radio associated with a high priority may be allocated more reserve than another radio associated with a low priority. It will be appreciated that additional or alternative criteria may be used to determine the reserves allocated among the radios.
  • Allocation of the reserves may be performed by adjusting the split ratios associated with the radios.
  • the split ratio can favor a radio with a more efficient link (e.g., a link with lower energy per byte, a lower path loss, a higher Piimit, etc.) to achieve desirable wireless performance (e.g., a higher throughput or data rate).
  • the split ratio can favor a radio with a less efficient link (e.g., a higher path loss) to equalize the performance across the radios.
  • the operations 700 may be performed per antenna group.
  • the wireless device may be configured with reserve information per antenna group and apply the corresponding reserve information to a particular antenna group when the antenna group is actively transmitting.
  • the antenna groups may be configured to be mutually exclusive of each other in terms of RF exposure, the operations 700 may be performed independently for each of the antenna groups. For example, the operations 700 may be performed simultaneously for another antenna group.
  • the wireless device may be configured with multiple sets of antenna groups, and the wireless device may have different reserve information configured per antenna group among the multiple sets of antenna groups.
  • the wireless device may have an antenna group (or a set of antenna groups) configured for a particular exposure scenario (e.g., head exposure), and another antenna group (or another set of antenna groups) configured for a different exposure scenario (e.g., hand and body exposure).
  • the wireless device may select the antenna group for the corresponding exposure scenario, and the wireless device may select the reserve information associated with the respective antenna group.
  • FIGs. 1-7 While the examples depicted in FIGs. 1-7 are described herein with respect to a UE performing the various methods for providing RF exposure compliance to facilitate understanding, aspects of the present disclosure may also be applied to other wireless devices, such as a wireless station, an access point, a base station and/or a customer premises equipment (CPE), performing the RF exposure compliance described herein. Further, while the examples are described with respect to communications between the UE (or other wireless device) and a network entity, the UE or other wireless device may be communicating with a device other than a network entity, for example another UE or with another device in a user’s home that is not a network entity, for example.
  • CPE customer premises equipment
  • the processing system 802 includes a processor 804 coupled to a computer- readable medium/memory 812 via a bus 806.
  • the computer-readable medium/memory 812 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that when executed by the processor 804, cause the communications device 800 to perform the operations 700 illustrated in FIG. 7, or other operations for performing the various techniques discussed herein for providing RF exposure compliance.
  • computer-readable medium/memory 812 stores code for obtaining 814, code for determining 816, code for transmitting (or outputting) 818, or any combination thereof.
  • the processing system 802 has circuitry 820 configured to implement the code stored in the computer-readable medium/memory 812.
  • the circuitry 820 is coupled to the processor 804 and/or the computer-readable medium/memory 812 via the bus 806.
  • the circuitry 820 includes circuitry for obtaining 822, circuitry for determining 824, circuitry for transmitting (or outputting) 826, or any combination thereof.
  • means for transmitting or sending may include the transceivers 254 and/or antenna(s) 252 of the UE 120 illustrated in FIG. 2 and/or transceiver 808 and antenna 810 of the communications device 800 in FIG. 8.
  • a device may have an interface to output signals and/or data for transmission (a means for outputting).
  • a processor may output signals and/or data, via a bus interface, to a radio frequency (RF) front end for transmission.
  • RF radio frequency
  • a device may have an interface to obtain the signals and/or data received from another device (a means for obtaining).
  • a processor may obtain (or receive) the signals and/or data, via a bus interface, from an RF front end for reception.
  • an RF front end may include various components, including transmit and receive processors, transmit and receive MEMO processors, modulators, demodulators, and the like, such as depicted in the examples in
  • a method of wireless communication by a wireless device comprising: obtaining reserve information associated with an antenna group associated with a plurality of radios including a first radio and one or more second radios, wherein the first radio communicates via a first type of radio access technology, and wherein the one or more second radios communicate via a second type of radio access technology, which is different from the first type of radio access technology; determining a reserve for each of the plurality of radios based at least in part on the reserve information and an active state associated with each of the plurality of radios; and transmitting one or more signals using at least one of the plurality of radios at a transmit power determined based at least in part on a radio frequency (RF) exposure limit associated with each of the plurality of radios and the reserve for each of the plurality of radios.
  • RF radio frequency
  • Clause 2 The method of Clause 1, wherein the reserve information includes a total reserve associated with all of the plurality of radios in the antenna group.
  • Clause 3 The method of Clause 1 or 2, wherein the reserve information includes a first reserve associated with the first radio and a second reserve associated with the one or more second radios.
  • Clause 4 The method of Clause 3, wherein each of the first reserve and the second reserve includes: a first value for when only one of the plurality of radios is in the active state, a second value for when only two of the plurality of radios are in the active state, and a third value for when three or more of the plurality of radios are in the active state.
  • Clause 6 The method of Clause 5, wherein determining the reserve for each of the plurality of radios comprises: determining a sum of split ratios for each of the radios in the active state; and determining the reserve for each of the radios in the active state as a product of the total reserve and a ratio of the split ratio for the respective radio to the sum of the split ratios.
  • Clause 9 The method of any of the preceding Clauses, wherein the reserve for each of the plurality of radios is a minimum level of transmit power allocated to the respective radio for a time window associated with the RF exposure limit.
  • Clause 11 The method of any of the preceding Clauses, wherein determining the reserve for each of the plurality of radios comprises determining the reserve for each of the plurality of radios further based at least in part on one or more criteria.
  • Clause 15 The apparatus of Clause 14, wherein the reserve information includes a total reserve associated with all of the plurality of radios in the antenna group.
  • Clause 16 The apparatus of Clause 14 or 15, wherein the reserve information includes a first reserve associated with the first radio and a second reserve associated with the one or more second radios.
  • a non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon for: obtaining reserve information associated with an antenna group associated with a plurality of radios including a first radio and one or more second radios, wherein the first radio communicates via a first type of radio access technology, and wherein the one or more second radios communicate via a second type of radio access technology, which is different from the first type of radio access technology; determining a reserve for each of the plurality of radios based at least in part on the reserve information and an active state associated with each of the plurality of radios; and transmitting one or more signals using at least one of the plurality of radios at a transmit power determined based at least in part on a radio frequency (RF) exposure limit associated with each of the plurality of radios and the reserve for each of the plurality of radios.
  • RF radio frequency
  • Clause 28 The non-transitory computer-readable medium of Clause 27, wherein the reserve information includes a total reserve associated with all of the plurality of radios in the antenna group.
  • Clause 29 The non-transitory computer-readable medium of Clause 27 or 28, wherein the reserve information includes a first reserve associated with the first radio and a second reserve associated with the one or more second radios.
  • Clause 35 A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising executable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform a method in accordance with any of Clauses 1-13.
  • UTRA, E- UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A and GSM are described in documents from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project” (3GPP).
  • cdma2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project 2” (3GPP2).
  • NR is an emerging wireless communications technology under development.
  • the network adapter may be used to implement the signal processing functions of the physical (PHY) layer.
  • a user interface e.g., keypad, display, mouse, joystick, etc.
  • the bus may also link various other circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, and the like, which are well known in the art, and therefore, will not be described any further.
  • the processor may be implemented with one or more general-purpose and/or special-purpose processors. Examples include microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSP processors, and other circuitry that can execute software. Those skilled in the art will recognize how best to implement the described functionality for the processing system depending on the particular application and the overall design constraints imposed on the overall system.
  • the machine-readable media may include a transmission line, a carrier wave modulated by data, and/or a computer-readable storage medium with instructions stored thereon separate from the wireless node, all of which may be accessed by the processor through the bus interface.
  • the machine- readable media, or any portion thereof, may be integrated into the processor, such as the case may be with cache and/or general register files.
  • a software module may comprise a single instruction, or many instructions, and may be distributed over several different code segments, among different programs, and across multiple storage media.
  • the computer-readable media may comprise a number of software modules.
  • the software modules include instructions that, when executed by an apparatus such as a processor, cause the processing system to perform various functions.
  • the software modules may include a transmission module and a receiving module.
  • Each software module may reside in a single storage device or be distributed across multiple storage devices.
  • a software module may be loaded into RAM from a hard drive when a triggering event occurs.
  • the processor may load some of the instructions into cache to increase access speed.
  • One or more cache lines may then be loaded into a general register file for execution by the processor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Certains aspects de la présente divulgation concernent des techniques pour une attribution d'énergie de transmission. Un procédé qui peut être exécuté par un dispositif sans fil consiste à obtenir des informations de réserve associées à un groupe d'antennes associé à une pluralité de radios comprenant une première radio et des secondes radios, la première radio communiquant par l'intermédiaire d'un premier type de technologie d'accès radio et les secondes radios communiquant par l'intermédiaire d'un second type de technologie d'accès radio, différent du premier type de technologie d'accès radio ; à déterminer une réserve pour chacune des radios sur la base, au moins en partie, des informations de réserve et d'un état actif associé à chacune des radios ; et à transmettre un ou plusieurs signaux à l'aide d'au moins l'une des radios à une puissance de transmission déterminée sur la base, au moins en partie, d'une limite d'exposition radiofréquence associée à chacune des radios et de la réserve pour chacune des radios.
EP23736929.3A 2022-06-01 2023-05-31 Attribution d'énergie de transmission entre différentes radios Pending EP4533868A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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US202263365697P 2022-06-01 2022-06-01
US202263369329P 2022-07-25 2022-07-25
US18/325,773 US20230397123A1 (en) 2022-06-01 2023-05-30 Transmit energy allocation among different radios
PCT/US2023/067671 WO2023235736A1 (fr) 2022-06-01 2023-05-31 Attribution d'énergie de transmission entre différentes radios

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WO2025155823A1 (fr) * 2024-01-17 2025-07-24 Qualcomm Incorporated Procédé et appareil aux fins d'une conformité d'exposition radiofréquence parmi des radios

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US10652833B2 (en) * 2018-07-05 2020-05-12 Qualcomm Incorporated Evaluating radio frequency (RF) exposure in real time
US12177797B2 (en) * 2020-08-26 2024-12-24 Qualcomm Incorporated Time-averaged radio frequency (RF) exposure per antenna group
US12323961B2 (en) * 2020-10-08 2025-06-03 Qualcomm Incorporated Allocation of transmit power in compliance with RF exposure requirements

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