EP4558347A1 - Procédé de fonctionnement d'un système électrique embarqué haute tension d'un véhicule - Google Patents

Procédé de fonctionnement d'un système électrique embarqué haute tension d'un véhicule

Info

Publication number
EP4558347A1
EP4558347A1 EP23742293.6A EP23742293A EP4558347A1 EP 4558347 A1 EP4558347 A1 EP 4558347A1 EP 23742293 A EP23742293 A EP 23742293A EP 4558347 A1 EP4558347 A1 EP 4558347A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
converter
potential
reference potential
charging station
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23742293.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Urs Boehme
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mercedes Benz Group AG filed Critical Mercedes Benz Group AG
Publication of EP4558347A1 publication Critical patent/EP4558347A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/12—Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to undesired approach to, or touching of, live parts by living beings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/021—Details concerning the disconnection itself, e.g. at a particular instant, particularly at zero value of current, disconnection in a predetermined order
    • H02H3/023—Details concerning the disconnection itself, e.g. at a particular instant, particularly at zero value of current, disconnection in a predetermined order by short-circuiting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a high-voltage electrical system of a vehicle according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • a protective device for an electrical direct current network, an on-board electrical system for a vehicle, a vehicle and a direct current charging station are known.
  • the protective device comprises a first voltage measuring device between a plus potential line and a reference potential line and a second voltage measuring device between a minus potential line and the reference potential line, or a fault current measuring device in the reference potential line.
  • the protective device further comprises a protective circuit with two protective circuit parts, wherein the first protective circuit part comprises a series connection of a first discharge resistor and a first protective switch between the positive potential line and the reference potential line and the second protective circuit part comprises a series connection of a second discharge resistor and a second protective switch between the negative potential line and the reference potential line includes.
  • the first and second circuit breakers can be controlled to close when the voltage falls below and/or exceeds a predetermined voltage value determined by means of the first and/or second voltage measuring device, or the first and/or second circuit breakers can be activated to close when a residual current is measured by means of the residual current measuring device .
  • the DE 102017 009 355 A1 discloses a method for operating a first vehicle electrical system to which a first electrical direct voltage is applied and a second electrical system to which a second electrical direct voltage is applied, wherein the first and the second vehicle electrical system are electrically coupled by means of an energy coupler having a first clocked energy converter.
  • the first and the second electrical DC voltage is electrically isolated from an electrical reference potential by means of an electrical insulation device and is monitored by the electrical insulation device.
  • the first and second on-board electrical systems are galvanically coupled by means of the energy coupler, whereby in the event of a fault in the insulation device in an area of one of the two on-board electrical systems, the energy coupler controls electrical potentials of the other of the two on-board electrical systems in such a way that respective potential differences from these electrical potentials to the reference potential are smaller than are a predetermined comparison value.
  • a protective device for an electrical direct current network and a method for its operation as well as an on-board electrical system for a vehicle, a vehicle and a direct current charging station are known from internally known prior art.
  • the protective device comprises a voltage measuring device between a respective potential line and a reference potential line and a protective circuit with a series connection of a protective capacitor, a protective resistor and a respective protective switch between the respective potential line and the reference potential line, or with two protective circuit parts with a series connection of a protective capacitor, a protective resistor and a Circuit breaker between the respective potential line and the reference potential line.
  • a discharge resistor is connected in parallel with the protective capacitor and protective resistor and a series connection consisting of a rapid discharge resistor and a rapid discharge switch is connected in parallel with the protective capacitor or with the protective capacitor and protective resistor.
  • the first and/or second circuit breakers can be controlled to close upon the occurrence of at least one triggering criterion determined by means of the first and/or second voltage measuring device.
  • the protective device comprises a respective voltage measuring device between a respective potential line and a reference potential line and a protective circuit with a protective switch between the respective potential line and the reference potential line and at least one resistor, which is designed as a resistor with a fixed resistance value of a maximum of 800 Q or as a voltage-dependent resistor , wherein the respective circuit breaker can be controlled to close when at least one trigger criterion occurs, determined by the respective voltage measuring device.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method for operating a high-voltage electrical system of a vehicle that is improved compared to the prior art.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by a method for operating a high-voltage electrical system of a vehicle with the features of claim 1.
  • the protective device each has a voltage measuring device and a protective circuit with a protective switch between the respective high-voltage potential and the reference potential, it is provided that a galvanically coupled DC-DC converter is arranged in one of the high-voltage potentials of the high-voltage on-board electrical system of the vehicle between the protective device and a DC charging connection of the vehicle and the DC charging station provides a charging voltage , which is lower than a nominal voltage of the high-voltage battery.
  • position P2 It is determined whether physical contact with the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter is arranged occurs between the DC-DC converter and the DC charging station, hereinafter also referred to as position P2 or second position.
  • This is used as a triggering criterion for controlling the protective circuit, in particular at least one protective switch of the protective circuit, and / or for controlling a further protective circuit, in particular at least one protective switch of this further protective circuit, which is between the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter is arranged and the reference potential is arranged at a position between the DC-DC converter and the DC charging port.
  • a slope of the measured voltage between the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter is arranged and the reference potential is used to determine whether physical contact between the DC-DC converter and the DC charging station, ie at position P2, he follows.
  • the circuit breakers are not closed.
  • the physical contact with the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter is arranged is between the DC-DC converter and the DC charging station, i.e. H. at position P2
  • the voltage of the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter is arranged to the reference potential between the DC-DC converter and the DC charging station immediately before physical contact exceeds the predetermined limit value
  • at least the circuit breaker between the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter is arranged is closed and then opened again.
  • This circuit breaker is closed until a current voltage of the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter is arranged is zero relative to the reference potential between the DC-DC converter and the DC charging station, and then opened again, and / or it is closed until a current voltage of the High-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter is arranged to the reference potential between the DC-DC converter and the high-voltage battery is as large as a difference between a voltage of the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter is arranged to the reference potential between the DC-DC converter and the high-voltage battery immediately before the body contact and the Voltage of the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter is arranged to the reference potential between the DC-DC converter and the DC charging station immediately before physical contact, and then opened again.
  • the at least one protective switch of the further protective circuit which is arranged between the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter is arranged and the reference potential at the position between the DC-DC converter and the DC charging connection, is closed.
  • the slope is compared in particular with a predetermined threshold value, in particular determining whether the threshold value is undershot or exceeded, and thereby determining whether physical contact occurs between the DC-DC converter and the DC charging station.
  • the protective circuit of the protective device and/or the further protective circuit has at least this resistance.
  • the protective circuit of the protective device and/or the further protective circuit can also have further components.
  • the protective circuit is designed as described in DE 102019 008 833 A1, in DE 10 2021 003 834 and/or in DE 10 2021 003 835.
  • the solution described ensures that the protective device and its protective circuit function correctly even if the high-voltage electrical system has the galvanically coupled DC-DC converter and physical contact with the high-voltage potential in which this DC-DC converter is arranged occurs at position P2, i.e. H. between the DC-DC converter and the DC charging station. This ensures that Y capacitors are discharged quickly in this case too, thus avoiding an electric shock with a level that is dangerous to people.
  • the voltage measurement of the high-voltage potentials is considered in particular in relation to the reference potential.
  • a Differentiation (formation of the derivative) of the voltage can be used to determine the original output voltage based on the slope of the voltage curve. Based on the output voltage, it can then be concluded by comparing with threshold values whether the body contact and thus the body discharge takes place on the primary side or on the secondary side of the DC-DC converter.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic of a vehicle coupled to a DC charging station.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a vehicle 2 coupled to a DC charging station 5.
  • the vehicle 2 has a high-voltage electrical system 3 with high-voltage potentials HV+, HV-, i.e. H. with a plus potential HV+ and a minus potential HV-, and with a reference potential M, in particular ground or earth potential.
  • the high-voltage electrical system 3 has a protective device 8 for protecting a human body MK in the event of physical contact with one of the high-voltage potentials HV+, HV- and the reference potential M while charging a high-voltage battery 6 by the DC charging station 5.
  • the high-voltage network 3 forms a common DC network 1 with the latter.
  • the high-voltage battery 6 of the vehicle 2, which is electrically charged at the DC charging station 5, serves in particular to provide electrical energy for at least one electric drive unit of the vehicle 2 for driving of the vehicle 2.
  • EMC electromagnetic compatibility
  • Y capacitors CyF+, CyF-, CyL+, CyL- are usually cheaper and more compact EMC filter measures compared to inductive interference suppression filters, for example common or differential mode chokes. From an EMC perspective, it would therefore be advantageous to use Y capacitors CyF+, CyF-, CyL+, CyL- with large capacitance values.
  • an energy content of the Y capacitors CyF+, CyF-, CyL+, CyL- can be felt by a vehicle user when he can touch a high-voltage potential HV+, HV- and at the same time in connection with the earth potential. He then receives an electric shock. Depending on the size of this electric shock, this can be dangerous to your health. For example, it can lead to ventricular fibrillation or death. Such an electric shock represents a so-called “simple error” and should be avoided. Therefore, this energy content of the Y capacitors CyF+, CyF-, CyL+, CyL- is normatively limited in order to exclude any risk to the vehicle user.
  • the energy content of the Y capacitors CyF+, CyF-, CyL+, CyL- is not mentioned as a health-endangering quantity that must not be exceeded, but rather it is a quantity of charge as a damaging mechanism that must not exceed a specified value.
  • a graph of a relation between a duration of a body current and a value of the body current is given.
  • An alternative route, such as increased isolation, is not accepted here.
  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit structure of an embodiment of the high-voltage electrical system 3 during a DC charging process of the vehicle 2.
  • the high-voltage electrical system 3 of the vehicle 2 is coupled to the DC charging station 5 by means of a charging cable 4.
  • the charging cable 4 is already connected to connection contacts AK+, AK- of a DC charging connection of the vehicle 2 and charging contactors LS+, LS- of the vehicle 2 in High-voltage potential lines HV+L, HV-L are still open. They are closed for loading.
  • the charging cable 4 is shown to the right.
  • the high-voltage battery 6 is shown as an electrical battery energy source 7, comprising, for example, a plurality of individual cells electrically connected in series and/or parallel, with an internal battery resistance R Ba tt.
  • the human body MK is shown in this circuit diagram with a body resistance RK and a switch symbol for an insulation fault IF, for example in the case of a defective charging cable 4, here for example a fault at the plus potential HV+.
  • the insulation fault IF can also occur on
  • Minus potential HV- occurs. This is not shown here. If the insulation fault IF occurs, the switch symbol is closed. It occurs when there is such an insulation fault IF and the human body MK comes into contact with one of the
  • High-voltage potentials HV+, HV- and a reference potential M cause a discharge through the human body MK.
  • the protective device 8 is equipped with a protective circuit 9 to reduce the electric shock caused by the Y capacitors CyF+, CyF-, CyL+, CyL - intended.
  • the protective device 8 includes a first voltage measuring device SV1 between the plus potential line HV+L and the reference potential line ML for measuring a voltage between the plus potential line HV+L and the reference potential line ML, ie between the plus potential HV+ and the reference potential M, in particular ground potential, in particular the vehicle body mass, and a second voltage measuring device SV2 between the negative potential line HV-L and the Reference potential line ML for measuring a voltage between the negative potential line HV-L and the reference potential line ML, ie between the negative potential HV- and the reference potential M, in particular ground potential, in particular the vehicle body mass.
  • the voltage measurements control an associated circuit breaker SS1, SS2 when at least one predetermined triggering criterion occurs.
  • the protective switches SS1, SS2 are each designed, for example, as a semiconductor switch, for example MOSFET.
  • a discharge network is connected between the plus potential HV+ and the reference potential M, in particular of the bodyshell, or a discharge network between the negative potential HV- and the reference potential M, in particular of the bodyshell.
  • these discharge networks are protective circuit parts 9.1, 9.2 of the protective circuit 9.
  • the respective unloading network i.e. H. the respective protective circuit part 9.1, 9.2 includes at least one electrical resistor, via which the Y capacitors CyF+, CyF-, CyL+, CyL- are discharged.
  • the respective discharge network preferably consists of an uncharged capacitor, hereinafter referred to as protective capacitor Cs1, Cs2, and a resistor connected electrically in parallel, hereinafter referred to as
  • a protective resistor Rs1, Rs2 is provided, which is electrically connected in series with the protective capacitor Cs1, Cs2.
  • the discharge resistor Re1, Re2 could be provided.
  • the high-voltage electrical system 3 including the protective device 8 corresponds to that from DE 10 2019 008 833 A1.
  • DE 10 2019 008 833 A1 For further information on its structure and functionality, reference is therefore made to this DE 10 2019 008 833 A1, in particular to its figures and description of the figures. Further examples of such high-voltage electrical systems 3 with protective devices 8 are described in DE 10 2021 003 834 and in DE 10 2021 003 835. They essentially differ in the structure of the protective device, particularly in the components of the discharge network.
  • the protective devices 8 described in DE 102019 008 833 A1, in DE 10 2021 003 834 and in DE 102021 003 835 and their respective mode of operation for the high-voltage electrical system 3 of the vehicle 2 can be used, ie the ones in The protective device 8 shown in FIG. 1 can also be in the form of another one in DE 102019 008 833 A1, in which DE 10 2021 003 834 and in DE 102021 003 835 embodiments described can be designed and function as described there.
  • the main difference between the high-voltage electrical system 3 shown here and the high-voltage electrical system 3 shown and described in DE 10 2019 008 833 A1, in DE 10 2021 003 834 and in DE 102021 003 835 is that in the high-voltage electrical system 3 shown and described here Vehicle 2 in one of the high-voltage potentials HV+, HV-, in the example shown here in the plus potential HV+, between the protective device 8 and the DC charging connection of the vehicle 2, a galvanically coupled DC-DC converter GW is arranged. This makes it possible to charge the high-voltage battery 6 at a DC charging station 5, which provides a charging voltage that is lower than a nominal voltage of the high-voltage battery 6.
  • the DC charging station 5 shown is such a DC charging station 5.
  • This DC-DC converter GW has an impact on the effect of the protective device 8 when the insulation fault IF and the physical contact described above between one of the high-voltage potentials HV+, HV- and the reference potential M with the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged, between the DC-DC converter GW and the DC charging station 5 takes place.
  • this high-voltage potential is the plus potential HV+.
  • the DC-DC converter GW can also be arranged in the negative potential HV-, so that this
  • Negative potential HV- would be affected.
  • This position of body contact with the high-voltage potential, in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged, which is critical for the effect of the protective device 8, between the DC-DC converter GW and the DC charging station 5 is referred to below as position P2.
  • the other possible positions in which physical contact could occur between one of the high-voltage potentials HV+, HV- and the reference potential M are the other high-voltage potential, in the example shown the negative potential HV-, hereinafter referred to as position P1, and the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged between the DC-DC converter GW and the high-voltage battery 6, hereinafter referred to as position P3.
  • position P1 and P3 the body contact is also when using the galvanically coupled DC-DC converter GW in the high-voltage electrical system 3 of the vehicle 2 for the protective device 8, in particular for its Functionality and effectiveness, uncritical.
  • the protective device 8 continues to work as in DE 10 2019 008 833 A1, in DE 10 2021 003 834 or in DE 10 2021 003 835, in particular in their figures and description of figures, and achieves the same effect as described there.
  • the voltage between the high-voltage potential contacted by the body MK and the reference potential M at position P3 is reduced to 0V by means of the protective device 8.
  • the voltage between this high-voltage potential and the reference potential M at position P2 is reduced by the same amount of voltage as at position P3. Since the output voltage between this high-voltage potential and the reference potential M at position P2 is reduced by the voltage value of the DC-DC converter GW, the final value is also a significantly lower or even negative voltage.
  • the tension is quickly reduced.
  • the functionality of the protective device as described in DE 10 2019 008 833 A1, in DE 10 2021 003 834 or in DE 102021 003 835, is therefore advantageous for physical contact at position P3 and is therefore also described here Maintain physical contact solution at position P3.
  • the voltage between the high-voltage potential contacted by the body MK and the reference potential M at position P3 is reduced only by a small value, namely by the voltage between this high-voltage potential and the reference potential M at position P2.
  • the voltage between this high-voltage potential and the reference potential M reduces to the value 0V at position P2 on a capacitor discharge curve.
  • the functionality of the protective device as described in DE 10 2019 008 833 A1, in DE 10 2021 003 834 or in DE 102021 003 835, is therefore advantageous for physical contact at position P3 and is therefore also described here Maintain physical contact solution at position P3.
  • the slope of the measured voltage between the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged and the reference potential M is therefore used to determine whether physical contact occurs between the DC-DC converter GW and the DC charging station 5.
  • the voltage is measured by means of the voltage measuring device provided for measuring the voltage between this high-voltage potential and the reference potential M, in the example shown here by means of the first voltage measuring device SV1.
  • DC-DC converter GW is arranged, here for the plus potential HV+:
  • a body discharge at position P3 has the following course in relation to position P3: and for its slope (derivative) applies:
  • a body discharge at position P2 has the following course in relation to position P3: and for its slope (derivative) applies:
  • U 0P3 and U 0P2 correspond to the voltages of the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged, in this example therefore the
  • R is the body resistance RK and C is the total capacity of the Y capacitors to be discharged CyF+, CyF-, CyL+, CyL-,
  • the two derivatives there is a difference in the slope depending on the position of body contact.
  • the formula of the derivative (formula (3)) contains the factor U 0P3
  • the derivative (formula (5)) contains the factor U 0P2 .
  • the location of the body contact can therefore be recognized without delay based on the slope and the correct behavior can therefore immediately take place for the protective device 8, in particular its protective circuit 9.
  • the determined slope is compared in particular with at least one predetermined threshold value. In particular, it is determined whether this threshold value is undershot or exceeded. This comparison determines whether physical contact occurs at position P2 or not.
  • the slope can be determined, for example, using a capacitor circuit, an operational amplifier (differentiator) or by multiple sampling, i.e. H. Measurement of the voltage using the relevant, here the first, voltage measuring device SV1, and calculation takes place.
  • the following describes possible reactions of the protective device 8 for the determined physical contact at the respective position P1, P2, P3, or in particular if it was determined that the physical contact takes place at position P2, because if the Body contact occurs at positions P1 and P3, that is, if it is not determined that body contact occurs at position P2, then the affected high-voltage potential is short-circuited/rapidly discharged by means of the protective device 8 and its protective circuit 9 in DE 10 2019 008 833 A1 and /or in the
  • the main difference to DE 102019 008 833 A1, DE 102021 003 834 and DE 10 2021 003 835 is therefore the determination of whether physical contact occurs at position P2, and if this is the case, then a different procedure.
  • This trigger criterion i.e. H.
  • the opening takes place, for example, as soon as a voltage of U 0P3 - U 0P2 is present at position P3 between the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged and the reference potential M, ie until this voltage is equal to the difference in the voltage U 0P2 of the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged, to the reference potential M between the DC-DC converter GW and the DC charging station 5, ie at position P2, to the voltage U 0P3 of the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged, to the reference potential M between the DC-DC converter GW and the high-voltage battery 6 , ie at position P3, immediately before body contact.
  • the opening takes place, for example, when at position P2, ie in the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged, between the
  • the protective switch SS1 is thus between the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged and the reference potential M until the current voltage of the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged to the reference potential M between the DC-DC converter GW and the DC charging station 5 is zero, and then again opened, and/or until a current voltage of the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged relative to the reference potential M between the DC-DC converter GW and the high-voltage battery 6 is as large as a difference between the voltage of the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter
  • Voltage measuring device SV1 measured voltage U 0P3 of the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged, to the reference potential M between the DC-DC converter GW and the high-voltage battery 6, ie at position P3, can be determined immediately before physical contact or by means of a further voltage measuring device directly at an input of the DC-DC converter GW can be measured.
  • a further discharge circuit in particular a further discharge network, in particular a further protective circuit 9, is required between the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged and the reference potential at position P2, i.e. H. between the
  • the high-voltage electrical system 3 has such a further discharge circuit, in particular a further protective circuit 9, at this position P2.
  • a further discharge circuit in particular a further protective circuit 9, at this position P2.
  • this further protective circuit when the voltage U 0P2 of the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged, the reference potential M between the DC-DC converter GW and the DC charging station 5, ie at position P2, immediately before physical contact exceeds the predetermined limit value , at least one protective switch between the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged and the reference potential M in the area of position P2, ie between the DC-DC converter GW and the DC charging connection, arranged further protective circuit 9 closed.
  • the current value of the voltage measurement of the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged in the example shown here the plus potential HV+, to the reference potential M, here determined by means of the first voltage measuring device SV1, or its averaging over a predetermined period of time.
  • a predefined limit value for this current value of the voltage measurement or an average value can be specified.
  • the protective switch SS1 of the protective circuit 9 closes when this limit value is undershot, at the same time the calculated slope of the measured voltage between the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged and the reference potential M, for example, has a value of less than -1e5 and the protective switch another protective circuit 9 is open.
  • This protective switch of the further protective circuit 9 is closed, for example, when the above-mentioned limit value of the voltage measurement is undershot and at the same time the calculated slope of the measured voltage between the high-voltage potential in which the DC-DC converter GW is arranged and the reference potential M, for example, has a value between -1e4 and -1e5.
  • the first protective switch SS1 of the protective circuit 9 must not be closed.
  • the solution described is particularly suitable for vehicles 2 with a galvanically coupled DC-DC converter GW and/or with at least one inverter operated as a DC-DC converter.
  • the galvanically coupled DC-DC converter GW can also be used, for example, to supply auxiliary units.
  • the solution can also be used for DC charging stations 5, consisting of a galvanically insulating DC-DC converter and/or a battery and a galvanically coupled converter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé de fonctionnement d'un système électrique embarqué haute tension (3) d'un véhicule (2), comprenant un dispositif de protection (8) en cas de contact physique avec l'un des potentiels haute tension (HV+, HV-) et un potentiel de référence (M) tout en chargeant une batterie haute tension (6) au moyen d'une station de charge CC (5), le dispositif de protection (8) présentant un dispositif de mesure de tension (SV1, SV2) et un circuit de protection (9). Selon l'invention, un convertisseur CC-CC (GW) couplé galvaniquement est agencé dans l'un des potentiels haute tension (HV+, HV-) entre le dispositif de protection (8) et une connexion de charge CC, et la station de charge CC (5) fournit une tension de charge qui est inférieure à une tension nominale de la batterie haute tension (6). Il est déterminé si oui ou non le contact physique avec le potentiel haute tension (HV+, HV-) dans lequel est agencé le convertisseur CC-CC (GW) est mis en œuvre entre le convertisseur CC-CC (GW) et la station de charge CC (5) et ceci est utilisé comme critère de déclenchement pour actionner le circuit de protection (9) et/ou un circuit de protection supplémentaire (9) agencé entre le potentiel haute tension (HV+, HV-) dans lequel le convertisseur CC-CC (GW) est agencé et le potentiel de référence (M) au niveau d'une position entre le convertisseur CC-CC (GW) et la connexion de charge CC.
EP23742293.6A 2022-07-18 2023-07-13 Procédé de fonctionnement d'un système électrique embarqué haute tension d'un véhicule Pending EP4558347A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022002627.9A DE102022002627B3 (de) 2022-07-18 2022-07-18 Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hochvoltbordnetzes eines Fahrzeugs
PCT/EP2023/069591 WO2024017774A1 (fr) 2022-07-18 2023-07-13 Procédé de fonctionnement d'un système électrique embarqué haute tension d'un véhicule

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4558347A1 true EP4558347A1 (fr) 2025-05-28

Family

ID=87377914

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23742293.6A Pending EP4558347A1 (fr) 2022-07-18 2023-07-13 Procédé de fonctionnement d'un système électrique embarqué haute tension d'un véhicule

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20260027906A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4558347A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN119585133A (fr)
DE (1) DE102022002627B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024017774A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017009355A1 (de) 2017-10-09 2018-04-19 Daimler Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben von elektrischen Bordnetzen
DE102018217116B3 (de) * 2018-10-08 2020-03-12 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Hochvoltsystem und Verfahren zur Überwachung von Isolationsfehlern in einem Hochvoltsystem
DE102019008833A1 (de) 2019-12-18 2021-06-24 Daimler Ag Schutzvorrichtung für ein elektrisches Gleichstromnetz, Bordnetz für ein Fahrzeug, Fahrzeug und Gleichstromladestation
DE102020007868A1 (de) * 2020-12-21 2022-01-27 Daimler Ag Verfahren zum Laden eines elektrischen Energiespeichers eines elektrisch angetriebenen Fahrzeugs unter Berücksichtigung einer elektrischen Isolation einer Ladestation, sowie Ladevorrichtung und Fahrzeug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102022002627B3 (de) 2023-12-21
US20260027906A1 (en) 2026-01-29
CN119585133A (zh) 2025-03-07
WO2024017774A1 (fr) 2024-01-25

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