EP4558372A1 - Fahrzeugsteuersystem für ein fahrzeug - Google Patents
Fahrzeugsteuersystem für ein fahrzeugInfo
- Publication number
- EP4558372A1 EP4558372A1 EP23731178.2A EP23731178A EP4558372A1 EP 4558372 A1 EP4558372 A1 EP 4558372A1 EP 23731178 A EP23731178 A EP 23731178A EP 4558372 A1 EP4558372 A1 EP 4558372A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- control unit
- control system
- network
- dynamics limit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/02—Control of vehicle driving stability
- B60W30/04—Control of vehicle driving stability related to roll-over prevention
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W60/00—Drive control systems specially adapted for autonomous road vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/14—Adaptive cruise control
- B60W30/143—Speed control
- B60W30/146—Speed limiting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
- B60W30/18145—Cornering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
- B60W50/085—Changing the parameters of the control units, e.g. changing limit values, working points by control input
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
- B60W50/14—Means for informing the driver, warning the driver or prompting a driver intervention
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W2050/0062—Adapting control system settings
- B60W2050/0075—Automatic parameter input, automatic initialising or calibrating means
- B60W2050/0083—Setting, resetting, calibration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W2050/0062—Adapting control system settings
- B60W2050/0075—Automatic parameter input, automatic initialising or calibrating means
- B60W2050/0083—Setting, resetting, calibration
- B60W2050/0088—Adaptive recalibration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
- B60W2300/13—Independent Multi-axle long vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
- B60W2300/14—Tractor-trailers, i.e. combinations of a towing vehicle and one or more towed vehicles, e.g. caravans; Road trains
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
- B60W2300/14—Tractor-trailers, i.e. combinations of a towing vehicle and one or more towed vehicles, e.g. caravans; Road trains
- B60W2300/147—Road trains
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2530/00—Input parameters relating to vehicle conditions or values, not covered by groups B60W2510/00 or B60W2520/00
- B60W2530/10—Weight
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2530/00—Input parameters relating to vehicle conditions or values, not covered by groups B60W2510/00 or B60W2520/00
- B60W2530/201—Dimensions of vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
- B60Y2200/14—Trucks; Load vehicles, Busses
- B60Y2200/142—Heavy duty trucks
- B60Y2200/1422—Multi-axle trucks
Definitions
- the invention relates to a vehicle control system for a vehicle, wherein the vehicle has a vehicle network and at least one private network, the vehicle control system having a first control unit which is designed to determine at least one manipulated variable of a vehicle actuator of the vehicle and to output it to an actuator interface.
- the invention further relates to a vehicle and a vehicle control method.
- An experienced professional driver can assess the expected driving stability of a vehicle before starting the journey so that the vehicle can be driven safely in traffic.
- the driving style chosen by an experienced driver is adapted to the given conditions and enables the vehicle to be controlled safely. If this is necessary, an experienced driver will adapt the selected driving style in such a way that instability of the vehicle is avoided and the vehicle is guided in a lane with the required accuracy.
- US 2013/0085639 A1 discloses a method for stability control of a vehicle, with the steps: monitoring vehicle information with an electronic control unit; Detecting an approaching unstable driving condition from the vehicle information with an electronic control unit before the unstable driving condition occurs; and sending at least one output signal of a first signal series from the electronic control unit to at least one vehicle system to apply at least one proactive vehicle stability measure before the unstable driving condition occurs.
- the electronic control unit receives information about weather conditions and road conditions as well as road map data.
- the disadvantage of the method described above according to US 2013/0085639A1 is that vehicle-specific characteristics are not taken into account and impending instabilities of the commercial vehicle are not or only inadequately recognized.
- the stability control method is carried out by a single electronic control unit, which poses a significant safety risk in the event of an error.
- the invention is based on the object of improving safety and precision when controlling vehicles.
- the object is achieved by a vehicle control system for a vehicle, wherein the vehicle has a vehicle network and at least one private network, the vehicle control system having a first control unit which is designed to determine and to at least one manipulated variable of a vehicle actuator of the vehicle an actuator interface, a second control unit adapted to receive signals comprising two or more geometric characteristics and two or more load characteristics of a current vehicle configuration of the vehicle, with the Vehicle network and the private network is connectable, and a control system network that connects the first control unit and the second control unit, wherein the second control unit is designed to assign a vehicle dynamics limit value of the current vehicle configuration using the two or more geometric characteristics and the two or more load characteristics define and provide the vehicle dynamics limit value on the control system network, wherein the first control unit is designed to determine the manipulated variable using the vehicle dynamics limit value.
- the first control unit determines a manipulated variable of the vehicle actuator and outputs this manipulated variable at the actuator interface in order to control the vehicle.
- the manipulated variable is determined to control the vehicle in a driving situation or to complete a driving task.
- the first control unit is preferably designed to implement a (partially) autonomous driving function.
- the autonomous driving function can be trajectory planning and/or position control of a fully autonomous vehicle.
- the first control unit can also be designed to implement a driver assistance function.
- the driver assistance function is or preferably includes an adaptive cruise control, an emergency braking assistant, a lane keeping assistant and/or a driving stability control.
- the first control unit can determine a steering control variable for a steering system of the vehicle in order to steer the vehicle through a curve.
- the first control unit can also determine several manipulated variables for one or more vehicle actuators and provide them at the actuator interface.
- the vehicle actuators influence the state of motion of the vehicle.
- the vehicle actuator is or includes a steering system, a brake, a braking system and/or an engine of the vehicle.
- the vehicle actuators are controlled using the manipulated variables and take a control that corresponds to the manipulated variable Driving dynamics intervention on the vehicle.
- a required brake pressure on a brake modulator of a brake system can be specified as a manipulated variable in order to control a corresponding braking force on a service brake connected to the brake modulator.
- the first control unit determines the manipulated variables of the vehicle actuators, which in turn are used to influence the motion state of the vehicle.
- the first control unit can only carry out a partial task in controlling the vehicle actuators.
- the manipulated variable determined by the first control unit and output at the actuator interface can also only be an intermediate variable of a vehicle actuator.
- the first control unit can output a target deceleration as a manipulated variable at the actuator interface, which is then converted into a brake pressure corresponding to the target deceleration in a brake modulator. This brake pressure is then controlled by the brake modulator to a brake cylinder of a service brake in order to achieve the target deceleration.
- the second control unit is connectable to the vehicle network and the vehicle's private network to receive signals comprising two or more geometric characteristics and two or more load characteristics of the vehicle.
- the vehicle network and the private network are networks of the vehicle.
- the vehicle network is preferably a vehicle bus system, particularly preferably a vehicle CAN.
- the private network is preferably a private network of a vehicle subsystem.
- the private network is particularly preferably a steering system network of a steering system of the vehicle.
- the geometric characteristics and load characteristics represent, at least in part, a current vehicle configuration of the vehicle, which relates to both vehicle-specific aspects and load-specific aspects.
- the geometric characteristics represent the geometry of the vehicle.
- the Geometric characteristics preferably also contain quantitative information (for example a number of axles of the vehicle).
- Geometric characteristics are or include, in particular, geometric variables that define the driving dynamics of the vehicle, such as a wheelbase of the vehicle, center distances between axles of the vehicle, a track width of the vehicle, a distance between a rear axle of the vehicle and a coupling point of a trailer or a design form of a trailer vehicle (for example a drawbar trailer or central axle trailer).
- the load characteristics represent loads acting on the vehicle, which can result from the vehicle's own weight and from a load on the vehicle.
- a load characteristic can preferably be or include a wheel load, an axle load, a total vehicle mass, a mass of a vehicle part and/or a center of gravity of the vehicle or a vehicle part.
- the second control unit takes into account the determined geometric characteristics and load characteristics when defining a vehicle dynamics limit value.
- the driving dynamics limit is at least partially tailored to the current vehicle configuration and thus enables particularly safe control of the vehicle.
- the first control unit determines the manipulated variable for the vehicle actuator using the vehicle dynamics limit value. This ensures that the driving dynamics limit is adhered to when controlling the vehicle.
- the control system network connects the first control unit and the second control unit and serves at least for an exchange of the driving dynamics limit value.
- the control system network allows a separate and particularly safe exchange of the driving dynamics limit value.
- the control system network is a bus system, particularly preferably a CAN bus.
- the architecture according to the invention with a first control unit, a second control unit and a control system network ensures high reliability and is economical.
- the division of tasks between the control units allows the use of less computing power per control unit and quick control.
- the determination of the manipulated variable of the vehicle actuator, which can be carried out by the first control unit is particularly safety-critical, so that the provision of a second control unit prevents intervention in the first control unit.
- the second control unit can be connected to the vehicle network and the at least one private network.
- the second control unit forms an input side and protects the first control unit from erroneous signals. Furthermore, the second control unit preprocesses the signals, so that the task complexity of the first control unit is reduced.
- the vehicle is particularly preferably a commercial vehicle.
- a commercial vehicle also known as a commercial vehicle (commercial vehicle) is a motor vehicle that, due to its design and equipment, is intended for transporting people or goods or for towing trailers, but is not a passenger car or motorcycle, but, for example, a bus Trucks, a tractor or a crane truck.
- the commercial vehicle can be a simple commercial vehicle, which is often also referred to as a rigid vehicle, or a vehicle train consisting of a towing vehicle and one or more trailer vehicles.
- One finding underlying the invention is that in modern vehicles, in particular commercial vehicles, a large number of geometric characteristics and load characteristics are already known. Various geometric characteristics and load characteristics are processed in common vehicle systems, such as an electronic braking system. These characteristics are therefore already from signals transmitted on a vehicle network or a private network of the Vehicle provided includes.
- the invention takes advantage of this knowledge, since the second control unit can be connected to the vehicle network and the private network and can thus access the characteristics.
- the vehicle control system can therefore be particularly easily integrated into a vehicle. Furthermore, the vehicle control system can be used economically, especially since separate sensors can be largely or completely dispensed with.
- the second control unit is preferably a different control unit from the first control unit. It can also be provided that the second control unit and the first control unit are functionally distinguishable subunits of a control unit.
- the second control unit is designed to predict dynamic properties of the current vehicle configuration using the two or more geometric characteristics and the two or more load characteristics and to define the at least one driving dynamics limit based on the predicted dynamic properties. This makes the behavior of the vehicle predictable. Dynamic properties are preferably yaw behavior of the towing vehicle, articulation behavior of the trailer vehicle or vehicles, natural circular frequencies of the vehicle and/or damping dimensions of the vehicle or of the dynamic system formed by the vehicle. Predicting the dynamic properties of the current vehicle configuration is preferably model-based.
- the second control unit can preferably be designed to individualize a basic vehicle model using the geometric characteristics and the load characteristics, and to determine the dynamic behavior of the vehicle using the individualized vehicle model.
- the driving dynamics limit is a maximum permissible vehicle speed, a maximum permissible lateral acceleration maximum permissible vehicle acceleration, a maximum permissible vehicle deceleration, a maximum permissible steering angle gradient or a minimum permissible curve radius of the vehicle.
- the vehicle control system according to the invention can also be designed to define a plurality of driving dynamics limit values for the vehicle, so that, for example, a maximum permissible vehicle speed is defined as a first driving dynamics limit value and a maximum permissible lateral acceleration is defined as a second driving dynamics limit value.
- the maximum permissible vehicle speed is not necessarily a speed that, if exceeded by the vehicle, immediately causes the vehicle to become unstable.
- the maximum permissible vehicle speed can be selected so that stable travel of the vehicle is still guaranteed at this vehicle speed even in the event of sudden evasive maneuvers and/or when cornering.
- the second control unit is preferably designed to monitor the signals for a change in a characteristic underlying the definition of the at least one driving dynamics limit value and to adapt the driving dynamics limit value to the change.
- Adjusting the vehicle dynamics limit can also be a redefinition of the vehicle dynamics limit or another vehicle dynamics limit.
- Adjusting the at least one driving dynamics limit ensures that the driving dynamics limit is always adapted to the current vehicle configuration.
- the dynamic behavior of the vehicle may change significantly when the vehicle is loaded or unloaded.
- at least one load characteristic which is the basis for the definition of the driving dynamics limit value, also changes, so that the driving dynamics limit value is adapted to the changed circumstances or redefined. In this way, the increase in safety that can be achieved using the vehicle control system is further increased.
- the characteristic underlying the driving dynamics limit value preferably takes place during operation of the vehicle.
- the adaptation is preferably carried out by re-predicting the stability behavior and re-defining the driving dynamics limit value.
- Monitoring the signals for a change in a characteristic underlying the definition of at least one driving dynamics limit value can also take place when the vehicle is at a standstill.
- the second control unit is preferably designed to store the driving dynamics limit value in a non-volatile memory.
- the driving dynamics limit value can thus preferably be provided by the second control unit as a starting value when the vehicle is restarted.
- the first control unit is a virtual driver for autonomously controlling a vehicle, which is designed to plan a trajectory for completing a driving task of the vehicle.
- the virtual driver is a unit that undertakes at least partial tasks of autonomous control of the vehicle.
- the at least one sub-task of the autonomous control of the vehicle includes trajectory planning.
- the virtual driver performs trajectory planning and obtains a trajectory intended for completing a driving task, such as an autonomous journey from point A to point B.
- the trajectory includes at least one planned travel path (target travel path) that is to be traveled by the vehicle in order to fulfill the driving task.
- the trajectory includes at least one driving dynamics specification. This driving dynamics specification is or preferably includes a speed predetermined for driving along the travel path or a speed profile predetermined for driving along the travel path.
- the first control unit is designed to provide the trajectory on the control system network, with the second control unit being designed to determine whether the trajectory violates the vehicle dynamics limit.
- the trajectory includes at least one driving dynamic specification, such as a vehicle speed for a driving task.
- the second control unit is preferably designed to check the trajectory and to determine whether the dynamic specification included in the trajectory violates the vehicle dynamics limit. Depending on the type of driving dynamics limit, the violation can occur by exceeding or falling below the driving dynamics limit. If the driving dynamics limit is, for example, a maximum permissible vehicle speed, then this driving dynamics limit is violated if a target vehicle speed included in the trajectory exceeds the maximum permissible vehicle speed.
- the driving dynamics limit is a minimum permissible curve radius for the vehicle, then this driving dynamics limit is violated if the trajectory includes a travel path with a smaller curve radius. In the preferred development, redundancy is created, which further increases the increase in safety achieved by the vehicle control system.
- the first control unit uses the driving dynamics limit when planning the trajectory. However, if, in the event of an error, the first control unit does not use the vehicle dynamics limit value or uses it incorrectly when planning the trajectory, then an impending instability of the vehicle can be recognized by the second control unit in that it determines a violation of the vehicle dynamics limit value by the trajectory. Furthermore, an update of the driving dynamics limit values may be necessary based on environmental information.
- the second control unit can be designed to determine whether the trajectory violates a driving dynamics limit value based on environmental information, which is preferably provided on the vehicle network and/or a private network.
- the geometric characteristics include at least a number of axles of the vehicle and a center distance between axles of the vehicle.
- the geometric characteristics particularly preferably include all center distances between the axles of the vehicle. Wheels on the axles of the vehicle form the contact point of the vehicle with the road. The wheelbase, which reflects a distance between these contact points, therefore significantly influences the dynamic behavior of the vehicle and subsequently forms a geometric characteristic that is particularly suitable for representing the current vehicle configuration. If at least a number of the vehicle's axles and a center distance are included in the determined geometric characteristics, then the dynamic behavior of the vehicle can be predicted with high accuracy and comparatively little computational effort.
- Further or alternatively preferred geometric characteristics are, for example, a position of a coupling point of a towing vehicle, a position of a center point of an axle group formed by several axles, a track width of the vehicle and / or a wheelbase of the vehicle or a partial vehicle of the vehicle.
- the procedure can also be carried out if only some or no center distances are known. If the vehicle length is known, the axle distance of the vehicle can preferably also be approximated.
- the second control unit is designed to receive signals that represent a real driving state of the vehicle and to determine whether the at least one driving dynamics limit value is violated in the real driving state.
- the real driving condition can also be referred to as the actual driving condition.
- the signals that represent the real driving state of the vehicle are preferably provided on the vehicle network and/or private network.
- the second control unit is designed to receive signals from the vehicle network and/or private network that represent the real driving state of the vehicle.
- the second control unit is further designed to provide a warning signal if the driving dynamics limit is violated.
- the Warning signal can alert a driver of the vehicle to impending instability.
- the warning signal can be designed as a simple notice.
- the warning signal can preferably also include information about the vehicle dynamics limit value being violated.
- the vehicle control system is designed to output a brake actuation signal at the actuator interface as a warning signal if the vehicle dynamics limit value is violated.
- the brake control signal is particularly preferably a time-limited brake control signal that is provided for a period of 5 s or less, preferably 2 s or less, particularly preferably 1 s or less.
- the warning signal designed as a brake control signal enables the vehicle to be braked briefly, thereby reliably warning the driver of the vehicle. In this way, a haptic warning to a driver of the vehicle can be achieved.
- the brief braking to generate a haptic warning takes place using deceleration values of a driver assistance system of the vehicle, in particular an emergency braking system of the vehicle.
- the vehicle control system preferably has a human-machine interface for outputting the warning signal provided.
- the human-machine interface is or preferably includes a warning light, a loudspeaker, a head-up display, a vibration motor and/or a screen.
- a human-machine interface for outputting the warning signal allows a human driver to easily perceive the warning signal so that he can take the driving dynamics limit or its violation into account when controlling the vehicle. For example, a maximum permissible vehicle speed can be displayed as a warning signal on a speedometer of the vehicle.
- the second control unit is designed to provide the warning signal on the control system network.
- the warning signal can also be determined by or provided to the first control unit.
- the first control unit is designed to control the trajectory Cope with the driving task of the vehicle to reschedule when the warning signal is provided on the control system network.
- the private network is a braking system network of the vehicle.
- the brake system network is preferably a brake bus system.
- the private network is particularly preferably a brake CAN.
- signals are provided on the brake bus system that represent a motion state of one or more wheels of the vehicle.
- speed signals that represent a speed of a wheel of the vehicle can be provided on the brake bus system.
- These signals can advantageously be used by the second control unit to define the driving dynamics limit value and/or to determine whether the at least one driving dynamics limit value is violated in the real driving state.
- sensor signals of a stability control system of the vehicle can be provided on the brake system network (and/or preferably the vehicle network). These sensor signals preferably represent a yaw rate, a steering wheel angle and/or a lateral acceleration of the vehicle.
- signals provided on the brake bus system often include geometric characteristics (wheelbases, number/position of axles, steering ratio) of the vehicle, which are used by the braking system, for example in a stability control system, in particular an anti-lock braking system (ABS).
- a stability control system is a system that is designed to at least partially regulate driving stability of the vehicle.
- a stability control system can preferably also be or include a traction control system (ASR) and/or an electronic stability control (ESC).
- ASR traction control system
- ESC electronic stability control
- the second control unit can be connected to the brake bus system so that the vehicle control system can determine the signals provided thereon. This makes it easier to determine the geometric characteristics and/or the load characteristics.
- the second control unit is designed to recognize interventions of a stability control system during operation of the vehicle and to define the driving dynamics limit using dynamic restrictions of the vehicle that can be derived from the interventions of the stability control system.
- a stability control system is preferably an anti-lock braking system (ABS), a traction control system (ASR) and/or an electronic stability control (ESC).
- ABS anti-lock braking system
- ASR traction control system
- ESC electronic stability control
- the stability control system can also be an electronic brake force distributor or include an electronic brake force distributor.
- the second control unit is preferably designed to recognize interventions by several stability control systems and to take them into account when defining the driving dynamics limit value.
- the second control unit can take into account both the intervention of an anti-lock braking system and that of an ESC.
- a traction control system prevents or minimizes this tire slip by targeted braking of the spinning wheel and an adapted intervention in the engine torque of a vehicle drive. Due to lower wheel loads, the aforementioned traction slip occurs particularly in unloaded or light vehicles. If the ASR has already intervened (a historical control intervention), this can also be advantageously taken into account when defining the driving dynamics limit value. From the intervention of the ASR, it can be determined which maximum drive torque does not yet lead to tire slip that violates a predefined tire slip limit.
- This maximum drive torque can then be derived from the intervention as a dynamic restriction and used by the second control unit when defining the driving dynamics limit value. For example, a maximum acceleration of the vehicle can be achieved oriented towards the maximum achievable drive torque, can be defined as a driving dynamics limit.
- the second control unit is designed to determine a center of gravity height of the vehicle, taking into account signals that represent the rolling behavior of the vehicle, and to define the driving dynamics limit value using the determined center of gravity height.
- Rolling is a rotational movement of the vehicle around its longitudinal axis.
- Signals that represent the rolling behavior of the vehicle are preferably signals that are provided by an electronically controllable air suspension system of the vehicle.
- the signals preferably represent axle loads on axles and/or wheel loads on wheels of the vehicle. From changes in the loads acting on the wheels of the vehicle, the height of the center of gravity of the vehicle can be deduced if the lateral acceleration is known.
- the load on the outer wheel of a curve increases more than for a vehicle with a low center of gravity with the same lateral acceleration.
- the signals that represent the rolling behavior of the vehicle are signals that represent an actual lateral acceleration of the vehicle and an actual yaw rate of the vehicle.
- the second control unit is preferably designed to determine a target lateral acceleration from the actual yaw rate of the vehicle and to determine a roll angle of the vehicle from the target lateral acceleration and the actual lateral acceleration. In this way, the proportion (the target lateral acceleration) that results from stable cornering can be calculated from the measured actual lateral acceleration.
- the second control unit is designed to take a road inclination into account when determining the height of the center of gravity.
- the height of the center of gravity influences the vehicle's tendency to tip over.
- the center of gravity height can preferably be used to define a maximum permissible lateral acceleration of the vehicle as a driving dynamics limit.
- the vehicle is a vehicle train with a towing vehicle and at least one trailer vehicle
- the second control unit can be connected to a trailer network of the vehicle for receiving trailer signals that include a geometric characteristic and/or a load characteristic of the current vehicle configuration of the vehicle.
- the at least two or more geometric characteristics and two or more load characteristics can be provided to the second control unit via the vehicle network, the private network and additionally also via a trailer network if the vehicle is a vehicle train.
- the trailer network connects the towing vehicle to the trailer vehicle.
- the trailer network is preferably a trailer bus system, particularly preferably a trailer CAN. The trailer vehicle and the towing vehicle exchange trailer signals on the trailer network.
- Such signals are, for example, trailer signals of a trailer brake system of the vehicle, which include manipulated variables for brake actuators of the trailer vehicle.
- the trailer signals include geometric characteristics and/or load characteristics that can be advantageously used by the vehicle control system in defining the vehicle dynamics limit. It should be understood that even if the vehicle is a train of vehicles, two geometric characteristics and two load characteristics may be sufficient. These can then be included in signals on the trailer network, the vehicle network and/or the private network.
- the second control unit is a control unit that is different from the first control unit. It can also be provided that the second control unit and the first control unit are functionally distinguishable subunits of a control unit.
- the invention solves the problem mentioned at the outset with a vehicle having one or more vehicle actuators, a vehicle network, a private network and a vehicle control system according to one of the above-described embodiments of the first aspect of the invention.
- the vehicle is particularly preferably a commercial vehicle.
- the aforementioned task is solved with a vehicle control method for controlling a vehicle, comprising the steps: providing signals that include two or more geometric characteristics and two or more load characteristics of a current vehicle configuration of the vehicle on a vehicle network and/or private Network; Defining at least one driving dynamics limit for the vehicle using the two or more geometric characteristics and the two or more load characteristics by a second control unit; Providing the at least one vehicle dynamics limit value on a control system network that connects the second control unit to a first control unit; Determining the vehicle dynamics limit value provided on the control system network by the first control unit; and determining a manipulated variable of a vehicle actuator of the vehicle by the first control unit using the vehicle dynamics limit value.
- the vehicle control method is particularly preferably intended for controlling a commercial vehicle.
- defining the at least one vehicle dynamics limit value for the vehicle using the two or more geometric characteristics and the two or more load characteristics by the second control unit includes: Predicting dynamic properties of the current vehicle configuration using the two or more geometric characteristics and the two or more load characteristics by the second control unit; and defining the at least one driving dynamics limit based on the predicted dynamic characteristics by the second Control unit.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a vehicle control system
- FIG 3 shows a side view of the commercial vehicle according to the exemplary embodiment
- Fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a vehicle control method.
- the vehicle 200 which is a commercial vehicle 200 designed as a vehicle train 202.
- the vehicle train 202 includes a towing vehicle 204 to which a trailer vehicle 206 is attached.
- the towing vehicle 204 and the trailer vehicle 206 are connected via a drawbar 208 of the trailer vehicle 206, which is attached to a coupling point 210 of the towing vehicle 204.
- the commercial vehicle 200 includes a plurality of vehicle subsystems 212.
- a braking system 214 of the commercial vehicle 200 forms a first vehicle subsystem 212.
- the braking system 214 includes a towing vehicle braking system 216 for braking the towing vehicle 204 and a trailer vehicle braking system 218 for braking the trailer vehicle 206.
- the braking system 214 includes a brake control unit 220 , a brake modulator 222 and brake cylinder 224.
- the brake cylinders 224 are assigned to front wheels 226 of a front axle 228 of the towing vehicle 204, rear wheels 229 of a rear axle 230 and a lifting axle 232 of the towing vehicle 204 and trailer wheels 234 of trailer axles 235 of the trailer vehicle 206.
- the brake control unit 220 and the brake modulator 222 are connected by a brake system network 221.
- the brake modulator 222 is pneumatically connected to the brake cylinders 224 of the towing vehicle 204 and provides a brake pressure PB to them. It should be understood that brake pressures PB associated with the wheels 226, 229, 234 may be both the same and different.
- a brake pressure ps can be controlled, which is different from a brake pressure PB on the rear wheels 229.
- the braking pressures PB can also be different within an axle 228, 230, 235 or between wheels 226, 229, 234 of an axle 228, 230, 235.
- an anti-slip control intervention for example when braking a spinning wheel 229 while reducing the drive torque, different braking pressures PB can be present on the wheels 229 of the rear axle 230.
- a trailer brake modulator 231 is connected to a trailer brake control unit 233 of the trailer vehicle brake system 218 through a trailer brake system network 237.
- the trailer brake modulator 231 provides a trailer brake pressure PBT to the brake cylinders 224 of the trailer vehicle 206.
- the trailer brake pressure PBT can also be the same or different for all brake cylinders 224 of the trailer vehicle 206.
- a steering system 236 of the commercial vehicle 200 forms a further vehicle subsystem 212.
- the steering system 236 here is an electronically controllable steering system 238, which includes a steering control unit 240 and a servomotor 242 for specifying a steering angle ö on the front wheels 226 of the commercial vehicle 200.
- a steering system network 241 connects the steering control unit 240 to the servomotor 242.
- the steering control unit 240 receives a manipulated variable 11 and controls the servomotor 242 in such a way that it controls a steering angle ö corresponding to the manipulated variable 11 on the front wheels 226 of the commercial vehicle 200.
- the commercial vehicle 200 includes an electronically controllable air spring system 244 as a further vehicle subsystem 212.
- the electronically controllable air spring system 244 has an air spring control unit 246 and air springs 248 assigned to the wheels 226, 228, 234 of the axles 228, 230, 235.
- Fig. 1 is only one of the air springs 248 is shown as an example, it being understood that air springs 248 are provided on all axles 228, 230, 235.
- the air springs 248 are provided with pressure sensors 250 in order to detect an air spring pressure PAS acting in the air springs.
- the air spring pressure PAS corresponds to a load acting on the air spring 248, so that an axle load on the axles 228, 230, 235 can be determined based on the air spring pressure PAS.
- the pressure sensors 250 provide spring pressure signals SAS corresponding to the prevailing air spring pressure PAS on a spring system network 252, which connects the pressure sensors 250 and the air springs 248 to the air spring control unit 246.
- the braking system 214, the steering system 238 and the electronically controllable air suspension system 244 represent vehicle actuators 254 of the commercial vehicle 200.
- the vehicle actuators 254 receive manipulated variables 11 and carry out driving dynamics interventions on the commercial vehicle 200 corresponding to the manipulated variables 11.
- a brake cylinder 224 of the brake system 214 can be caused to control a braking force FB on a front wheel 226 of the commercial vehicle 200 based on a manipulated variable 11.
- the braking system network 221, the steering system network 241 and the spring system network 252 are private networks 256 of the commercial vehicle 200.
- the commercial vehicle 200 also has a vehicle network 258 and a trailer network 260.
- the vehicle network 258 connects the brake control unit 220, the steering control unit 240 and the air suspension control unit 246 both to each other and to a main control unit 262 of the commercial vehicle 200.
- the trailer network 260 connects various units or subsystems of the trailer vehicle 206 to units or subsystems of the towing vehicle 204.
- the trailer network connects 260, the trailer brake control unit 233 with the main control unit 262 and the vehicle network 258.
- Other vehicle subsystems 212 of the trailer vehicle 206 can also be connected to the towing vehicle 204 or its trailer network 260 Vehicle subsystems 212 may be connected, although this has been omitted from FIG.
- the vehicle subsystems 212 provide signals S on the networks 256, 258, 260. So trailer signals ST are provided on the trailer network 260, vehicle signals Sv on the vehicle network 258, steering signals Ss on the steering system network 241, the brake signals SB on the brake system network 221 and the spring pressure signals SAS on the spring system network 252.
- the vehicle subsystems 212 can also be designed to provide the signals Ss, SB, SAS of the private networks 256 on the vehicle network 258. There the signals Ss, SB, SAS then possibly also form vehicle signals Sv. However, the vehicle signals Sv can also be signals S provided by further vehicle subsystems 212 or by the main control unit 262 on the vehicle network 258.
- the commercial vehicle 200 also has a vehicle control system 1 with a first control unit 3 and a second control unit 5.
- the first control unit 3 and the second control unit 5 are connected by a control system network 7.
- the first control unit 3 here is a virtual driver 9, which is designed to plan a trajectory T (see FIG. 3) for the commercial vehicle 200.
- the virtual driver determines 9 manipulated variables 11 for the vehicle actuators 254 and makes them available at an actuator interface 13.
- the actuator interface 13 is preferably designed as a CAN interface.
- the virtual driver controls the vehicle actuators 254 in such a way that the commercial vehicle 200 follows the trajectory T determined by the virtual driver 9.
- the virtual driver 9 therefore both plans the trajectory T and determines the manipulated variables 11 that are to be specified for driving along the trajectory T.
- the virtual driver 9 receives the trajectory T and merely determines one or more manipulated variables 11. In such a case, the virtual driver 9 would then be designed primarily as a position controller.
- the actuator interface 13 of the vehicle control system 1 is connected to the braking system 214, the steering system 238 and the electronically controllable air suspension system 244 via the vehicle network 258.
- the first control unit 3 can be connected to the vehicle actuators 254 individually or via separate networks.
- the first control unit 3 provides the manipulated variables 11 via the actuator interface 13 and the vehicle network 258 to the vehicle actuators 254, which in turn carry out driving dynamics interventions on the commercial vehicle 200 based on the manipulated variables 11.
- the driving dynamics interventions cause the commercial vehicle 200 to follow the trajectory T.
- the second control unit 5 is connected to the vehicle network 258, a private network 256 and the trailer network 260. These connections are shown in Figure 2 as dotted arrows.
- a first private network 256 connected to the second control unit 5 is the brake system network 221.
- the brake system network 221 is designed here as a CAN bus system and provides the brake signals SB, so that these brake signals SB can be read out by the second control unit 5.
- the brake signals SB include data that represent an axle distance Lu between the front axle 228 and the rear axle 230 of the towing vehicle 204, a lifting axle distance L12 between the rear axle 230 and the lifting axle 232 of the towing vehicle 204 and a coupling distance L13 between the rear axle 230 and the coupling point 210 ( see Fig. 3).
- the conventional brake control here is, for example, an anti-lock braking system (ABS) of the commercial vehicle 200.
- the second control unit 5 receives the brake signals SB and determines them from them Distances Lu, L12, L13. These distances form geometric characteristics 15 of a current vehicle configuration 17 of the commercial vehicle, which are determined by the second control unit 5 using the brake signals SB.
- the second control unit 5 is connected to the vehicle network 258 and receives vehicle signals Sv provided on the vehicle network 258.
- the vehicle signals Sv here include a lift status 19 of the lift axle 232.
- the lift axle 232 is raised (see FIG. 3), so that the lift status 19 represents a raised lift axle 232.
- the second control unit 5 determines the lift status 232 as a further geometric characteristic 15.
- the second control unit 5 is designed to further process the geometric characteristics 15.
- the second control unit 5 is designed to determine a wheelbase of the towing vehicle 204 as a further geometric characteristic 15 based on the lift status 232 and the axle distance Lu.
- the wheelbase of the towing vehicle 204 corresponds to the axle distance Lu if the lift axle 232 is raised (as shown in FIG. 2) or a distance between the front axle 228 and the lift axle 232 if the lift axle 232 is lowered. With the lift axle 232 lowered, the wheelbase of the towing vehicle 204 corresponds to the sum of the axle distance Lu and half the lift axle distance L13.
- the second control unit 5 determines further geometric characteristics 15 based on the trailer signals ST that are provided on the trailer network 260.
- geometric characteristics 15 of the trailer vehicle 206 are a drawbar length L21 between the coupling point 210 and the front axle 235 of the trailer vehicle 206 and a trailer wheelbase L22, which is enclosed by the axles 235 of the trailer vehicle 206.
- the drawbar length L21 and the trailer wheelbase L22 are presently pre-stored in the trailer brake control unit 233 and are provided by it in the form of corresponding trailer signals ST on the trailer network 260.
- axles 228, 230, 232 of the towing vehicle 204 and/or further axle characteristics of the axles 228, 230, 232 are pre-stored in the brake control unit 220 of the brake system 214 and are used by the Brake control unit 220 is provided on the brake system network 221 so that the second control unit 5 can determine this.
- the trailer brake control unit 233 provides pre-stored data by means of the trailer network 260, in particular by means of an ISO11992 CAN bus, which includes a type of trailer vehicle 206, a number of trailer axles 235, wheelbases of the trailer vehicle 206 and/or a distance between the coupling point 210 and the Represent the center of an axis group, not shown. This data can then be determined by the second control unit 5.
- the second control unit 5 is further connected to a second private network 256, namely to the spring system network 252. Based on the spring pressure signals SAS, which are provided on the spring system network 252, the second control unit 5 can act on the axles 228, 230, 235 axle loads 23 determine. In the present case, the second control unit 5 calculates an air spring force provided by the air springs 248 from the spring pressures PAS represented by the spring pressure signals SAS and a corresponding pressure surface of the air springs 248. This air spring force counteracts the weight of the vehicle 200 and the load and therefore essentially corresponds to an axle load on the axle 228, 230, 235 to which the air spring 248 is assigned.
- the axle loads 23 represent load characteristics 21 of the current vehicle configuration 17 of the commercial vehicle 200.
- the axle loads 23 can also be determined directly by the electronically controllable air suspension system 244 and provided on the spring system network 252 in the form of axle load signals SL representing the axle loads 23. Furthermore, axle loads 23 on the trailer axle 235 can also be provided on the trailer network 260.
- the load characteristics 21 characterize the current vehicle configuration 17 with respect to loads acting on the commercial vehicle 200. These loads result on the one hand from the dead weight of the commercial vehicle 200, which is preferably known and is provided on the vehicle network 258 as a load characteristic 21, and from a first load 264 on a first loading area 266 of the towing vehicle 204 and a second load 268 on a second loading area 270 of the trailer vehicle 206.
- FIG. 3 shows that the commercial vehicle 200 in the current vehicle configuration 17 is unevenly loaded.
- the second load 268 on the second loading area 270 of the trailer vehicle 206 is significantly heavier than the first load 264 on the first loading area 266 of the towing vehicle 204.
- the commercial vehicle 200 tends to be unstable when steering because the heavily loaded trailer vehicle 206 can rock as a result of a high-frequency steering stimulus.
- a high-frequency steering stimulus occurs, for example, when the commercial vehicle 200 has to perform an evasive maneuver to avoid a collision.
- the second control unit 5 is designed to determine a driving dynamics limit value 25 for the current vehicle configuration 17 using the determined geometric characteristics 15 and the load characteristics 21.
- 4 illustrates, in the form of a schematic flowchart, a vehicle control method 300 that is carried out by the vehicle control system 1 in order to define the vehicle dynamics limit value 25.
- the flowchart shows a provision 302 of signals S that include two or more geometric characteristics 15 and two or more load characteristics 21, as well as the determination 304 of the geometric characteristics 15 of the current vehicle configuration 17 and the determination 306 of the load characteristics 21 of the current vehicle configuration 17 by the second control unit 5 is illustrated as the first steps of the vehicle control method 300.
- the second control unit 5 here first approximates a mass distribution 27 of the current vehicle configuration 21 in a vehicle longitudinal direction R1 using the geometric characteristics 15 and the load characteristics 21 (approximation 308 in FIG. 4). It should be understood that approximating the mass distribution 27 may be subject to some approximation error.
- the mass distribution 27 includes the position of a first center of gravity 29 of the towing vehicle 204 in the vehicle's longitudinal direction R1 and the position of a second center of gravity 31 of the trailer vehicle 206 in the vehicle's longitudinal direction R1 (see FIG. 3).
- the mass distribution 27 in the present exemplary embodiment also includes the position of the centers of gravity 29, 31 in a vehicle height direction R2, the center of gravity positions in the vehicle height direction R2 being determined from a rolling behavior 38 of the commercial vehicle 200.
- the mass distribution 27 therefore includes a center of gravity height Hi of the first center of gravity 29.
- the mass distribution 27 includes a first mass rm of the towing vehicle 204 acting in the first center of gravity 29 and a second mass m2 of the trailer vehicle 206 acting in the second center of gravity 31.
- the second control unit 5 then generates an individualized vehicle model 33 by individualizing a basic vehicle model using the previously determined geometric characteristics 15 and the mass distribution 27 (generating 310 in FIG. 4). The second control unit 5 then makes a prediction 312 of dynamic properties of the current vehicle configuration 17 of the commercial vehicle 200 using this individualized vehicle model 33.
- the second control unit 5 uses, in addition to the geometric characteristics 15 and the mass distribution 27, also a current friction coefficient 34 between the commercial vehicle 200 and a roadway 271 traveled by the commercial vehicle 200.
- the second control unit 5 is designed to to approximate the current friction coefficient 34 (approximate 313 in Fig. 4).
- the quality of the prediction 312 of the dynamic properties of the current vehicle configuration 17 is further improved. In reality, fluctuations in the current friction coefficient 34 often occur.
- the friction coefficient 34 between commercial vehicle 200 and roadway 271 can be reduced in wet or icy conditions compared to dry conditions. This results in a significant influence on the dynamic properties of the commercial vehicle 200.
- the second control unit 5 determines current weather conditions from weather signals Sw provided on the vehicle network 258. The second control unit 5 then selects a predefined friction coefficient 34 from a database, which corresponds to the determined weather conditions and the mass distribution 27.
- the dynamic properties determined as part of the prediction 312 are natural angular frequencies and damping measures for eigenvalues of the individualized vehicle model.
- the second control unit 5 then defines at least one driving dynamics limit value 25 for the current vehicle configuration 17 of the commercial vehicle 200 (define 314 in FIG. 4).
- the defined driving dynamics limit value 25 is then provided by the second control unit 5 on the control system network 7 (providing 316 in FIG. 4).
- the commercial vehicle 200 drives straight ahead in a stationary manner and is stable.
- the commercial vehicle 200 is vulnerable in the event of a sudden evasive maneuver, which is characterized by a high steering angle frequency Instabilities.
- the trailer vehicle 206 may not be sufficiently damped compared to an excitation of the commercial vehicle 200 caused by the evasive maneuver and may break away.
- the second control unit 5 is designed to determine, based on the determined dynamic properties, at what current vehicle speed V the commercial vehicle 200 becomes unstable for a typical steering stimulus of an evasive maneuver.
- the second control unit 5 defines this speed as a driving dynamics limit value 25 in the form of a maximum permissible vehicle speed Vmax.
- the second control unit 5 defines a maximum permissible steering angle gradient 8, a maximum permissible steering angle frequency 35, a minimum permissible curve radius Rmin, a maximum permissible vehicle acceleration 37 and a maximum permissible vehicle deceleration 39.
- the second control unit 5 Based on a determined roll behavior 38 of the commercial vehicle, which is from the dynamic properties is included, and based on the position of the centers of gravity 29, 31 in the vehicle height direction R2, the second control unit 5 also determines, as a further driving dynamics limit value 25, a maximum permissible lateral acceleration 41 of the commercial vehicle 200, which must be maintained in order to prevent the commercial vehicle 200 from tipping over to prevent.
- the first control unit 3 is connected to the control system network 7 and is designed to determine the vehicle dynamics limit values 25 provided by the second control unit 5 (determine 318 in FIG. 4).
- the first control unit 3 is, as already explained above, a virtual driver 9 who plans the trajectory T for the commercial vehicle 200 and determines manipulated variables 11.
- the commercial vehicle 200 has an environmental sensor 272, which here is a radar sensor 274.
- the radar sensor 274 detects the environment in front of the vehicle and provides corresponding environmental signals SE for the virtual driver 9. Based on the environmental signals SE, the virtual driver 9 carries out trajectory planning 320 (see FIG. 4) to obtain the trajectory T.
- the virtual driver determines 9 during trajectory planning 320 initially the travel path to be traveled by the commercial vehicle 200.
- the virtual driver determines 9 manipulated variables 11 for the vehicle actuators 254 (determine 322 in FIG. 4), which correspond to the travel path.
- the first control unit 3 therefore determines manipulated variables 11 that must be provided to the vehicle actuators 254 so that the commercial vehicle 200 travels along the travel path encompassed by the trajectory T.
- the first control unit 3 thus determines as a manipulated variable 11 a steering angle ⁇ required for driving on a curve.
- the virtual driver 9 uses the driving dynamics limit values 25 when determining 222 the manipulated variables 11.
- the manipulated variables 11 are selected so that neither the manipulated variables 11 nor a vehicle behavior of the commercial vehicle 200 resulting from the manipulated variables 11 violates one of the driving dynamics limit values 25.
- a speed control variable 43 determined for driving along the path for a motor control of a motor is determined by the first control unit 3 in such a way that the maximum permissible vehicle speed Vmax is not exceeded when driving along the trajectory T.
- the first control unit 3 provides the manipulated variables 11 at the actuator interface 13 (providing 324 in FIG. 4).
- the actuator interface 13 is connected to the vehicle network 258, so that the manipulated variables 11 are provided on the vehicle network 258.
- the vehicle actuators 254 determine the manipulated variables 11 from the vehicle network 258 and control the commercial vehicle 200 according to the manipulated variables 11 (control 326 in FIG. 4).
- the steering control unit 240 thus determines the steering angle ö or a manipulated variable signal representing the steering angle ö from the vehicle network 258 as the manipulated variable 11.
- the steering control unit 240 processes the manipulated variable 11 and controls a corresponding actuating current to the servomotor 242, which then causes the front wheels 226 to turn by the steering angle ö causes.
- the trajectory T in this exemplary embodiment includes both the driving path and driving dynamics variables and/or manipulated variables 11 that characterize the driving dynamics variables. If, on the other hand, the vehicle control system 1 provides a driver assistance function, no trajectory planning 320 needs to take place.
- the manipulated variable 11 can thus preferably be determined without planning a travel path if the vehicle control system 1 is an adaptive cruise control system that only regulates the vehicle speed V of the commercial vehicle 200.
- the first control unit 3 can provide a manipulated variable 11 for the brake system 214, for example at the actuator interface 13, when a prescribed minimum distance to a vehicle in front is not reached.
- the second control unit 5 is designed to monitor the signals S on the vehicle network 258, the trailer network 260 and the private networks 256.
- a change 330 in a characteristic 15, 21 on which the definition of the driving dynamics limit values 25 is based is detected by the second control unit 5 during this monitoring 328 of the signals S.
- the monitoring 328 takes place continuously in the vehicle control method 300 according to FIG. 4, but can alternatively also be repeated cyclically by the second control unit 5.
- the second control unit 5 adapts the driving dynamics limit values 25 by generating the individualized vehicle model 33 again.
- the second control unit 5 then repeats the prediction 312 in order to determine dynamic properties of the now changed current vehicle configuration 17.
- the second control unit 5 adapts the driving dynamics limit values 25 and makes them available again on the control system network 7 so that the virtual driver 9 can take the adjusted driving dynamics limit values 25 into account in the trajectory planning 320.
- monitoring 328 ensures that the virtual driver 9 is always provided with current driving dynamics limit values 25.
- the virtual driver 9 provides the trajectory T determined as part of the trajectory planning 320 on the control system network 7 (providing 332 in FIG. 4).
- the second control unit 5 receives the trajectory T from the control system network 7 and determines whether the trajectory T violates one of the vehicle dynamics limit values 25 defined by the second control unit 5 (determine 334 in FIG. 4).
- the virtual driver 9 plans a trajectory T that includes a vehicle speed V that is greater than the maximum permissible vehicle speed Vmax defined by the second control unit 5 as the driving dynamics limit 25, then this is determined by the second control unit 5.
- the trajectory T violates the driving dynamics limit 25, which creates a risk of instability of the commercial vehicle 200.
- the second control unit 5 detects the violation of the driving dynamics limit value 25 by the trajectory T, suitable countermeasures can be taken.
- the second control unit 5 is designed to cause the virtual driver 9 to carry out the trajectory planning 320 again using the driving dynamics limit values 25.
- the second control unit 5 takes on an additional safety function here in that it determines violations of the driving dynamics limit value 25 resulting from an incorrect trajectory T before they occur.
- the second control unit 5 is further designed to detect a violation of one of the driving dynamics limit values 25 that occurs during operation of the commercial vehicle 200.
- the second control unit 5 receives signals S which at least partially represent a real driving state 45 of the commercial vehicle 200 (receive 336 in FIG. 4).
- the brake signals SB provided on the brake system network 221 include wheel speed signals SRPM, which represent a speed of the front wheels 226 of the towing vehicle 204.
- the second control unit 5 receives the wheel speed signals SRPM from the brake system network 221 and determines the current one from them Vehicle speed V.
- the signals S representing the real driving state 45 of the commercial vehicle 200 are the wheel speed signals SRPM.
- the vehicle speed V can also be provided directly on one of the networks 256, 258, 260 connected to the second control unit 5.
- the second control unit 5 determines whether the current vehicle speed V violates the maximum permissible vehicle speed Vmax defined as the driving dynamics limit 25.
- this step of the vehicle control method 300 is illustrated as determining 338 whether the at least one driving dynamics limit value 25 is violated in the real driving state 45.
- the signals S representing the real driving state 45 of the commercial vehicle 200 here also include stability control signals Ssc of the stability control system 276, which represent, for example, a yaw rate, a steering angle and/or a lateral acceleration of the commercial vehicle 200.
- the second control unit 5 determines based on the stability control signals Ssc whether a further driving dynamics limit value 25 is violated in the real driving state 45. This is the case, for example, if the steering angle ⁇ of the commercial vehicle 200 violates a maximum permissible steering angle of the commercial vehicle 200 defined as a driving dynamics limit 25 or would lead to a lateral acceleration of the commercial vehicle 200 that violates a driving dynamics limit 25.
- the second control unit 5 If one or more driving dynamics limit values 25 are violated in the real driving state 45, the second control unit 5 outputs a warning signal 47 (output 336 in FIG. 4).
- the warning signal 47 is output here by the second control unit 5 both on the control system network 7 and on a human-machine interface 49 of the vehicle control system 1. So the virtual driver 9 can receive the warning signal 47 from the Control system network 7 receive and carry out the trajectory planning 320 again or at least adapt a manipulated variable 11 corresponding to the violated driving dynamics limit value 25.
- the warning signal 47 provided at the human-machine interface 49 of the vehicle control system 1 can be perceived by a human driver or a passenger of the commercial vehicle 200.
- the human-machine interface 49 is preferably a warning light 51 that lights up if a driving dynamics limit value 25 is violated in the real driving state 45. This enables a human driver or passenger, if necessary, to take over control of the commercial vehicle 200 from the virtual driver 9 if a driving dynamics limit value 25 is exceeded in the real driving state 45 and the virtual driver 9 does not adjust the trajectory T or the manipulated variables 11.
- the commercial vehicle 200 also has the stability control system 276.
- the stability control system 276 is a conventional Electronic Stability Control 278 (ESC for short), which is also known in German as electronic stability control. In other embodiments, the stability control system 276 can also be, for example, an anti-lock braking system or a traction control system.
- the ESC 278 monitors the real driving status 45 of the commercial vehicle 200 and intervenes to stabilize it in extreme situations.
- the intervention thresholds of the ESC 278 are selected to be high, so that the ESC 278 only intervenes reactively when severe instabilities in the commercial vehicle 200 occur.
- the ESC 278 provides ESC signals SESC on the vehicle network 258, which are then used by the vehicle actuators 254 to stabilize the commercial vehicle 200.
- the second control unit 5 is designed to detect the ESC signals SESC ZU and to recognize an intervention of the ESC 278 using the ESC signals SESC. In Fig. 4 this is illustrated as detection 342 of an intervention of a stability control system 276, which can be carried out independently of the remaining steps of the vehicle control method 1. Based on the detected intervention of the ESC 278 or the ESC signals SESC, the second control unit 5 can derive dynamic restrictions of the commercial vehicle 200 that prevent the intervention of the ESC 278. For example, the second control unit 5 can determine a steering stimulus (or an associated steering angle frequency) and/or a braking intervention on the rear axle 230 of the commercial vehicle 200, which has led to the commercial vehicle 200 being oversteered. The result of the derivation 344 is used by the second control unit 5 when defining 314 the driving dynamics limit value 25. The maximum permissible steering angle frequency 35 is defined here by the second control unit 5 at least smaller than the steering angle frequency causing the oversteer.
- Vehicle actuator private network Vehicle network
- Main control unit first load first loading area second load second loading area
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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| DE102022117875.7A DE102022117875A1 (de) | 2022-07-18 | 2022-07-18 | Fahrzeugsteuersystem für ein Fahrzeug |
| PCT/EP2023/064956 WO2024017533A1 (de) | 2022-07-18 | 2023-06-05 | Fahrzeugsteuersystem für ein fahrzeug |
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| US12668257B2 (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2026-06-30 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method to adjust adaptive cruise control with detection of aftermarket trailer brake controller |
| DE102024204680A1 (de) * | 2024-05-21 | 2025-11-27 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Bremssteuereinrichtung und Verfahren zum Ansteuern einer Bremse |
| DE102024115918A1 (de) * | 2024-06-07 | 2025-12-11 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Fahrerunterstützungssystem |
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| KR100537981B1 (ko) * | 2003-10-15 | 2005-12-21 | 자동차부품연구원 | 차량 전복 경고 시스템 및 방법 |
| US8880294B2 (en) | 2011-10-04 | 2014-11-04 | Continental Automotive Systems, Inc. | Proactive electronic stability control system |
| SE539254C2 (sv) * | 2014-05-21 | 2017-05-30 | Scania Cv Ab | Förfarande och system för anpassning av ett fordons hastighet vid kurvkörning |
| US11364885B2 (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2022-06-21 | Vieletech Inc. | Smart trailer controller |
| WO2019152054A1 (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2019-08-08 | Cummins Inc. | System and method for tractor trailer dynamic load adjustment |
| US20200001920A1 (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2020-01-02 | Ohio State Innovation Foundation | Systems and methods for preventing a jackknife condition in a tractor-trailer system |
| EP3951332A4 (de) * | 2019-04-03 | 2022-12-28 | IHI Corporation | Gewichtsschätzsystem |
| DE102020121733A1 (de) * | 2020-08-19 | 2022-02-24 | Zf Cv Systems Global Gmbh | Verfahren zum automatisierten Führen eines Fahrzeuges, Fahrt- Steuereinheit und Fahrzeug |
| EP3988428B1 (de) * | 2020-10-23 | 2023-10-18 | Volvo Truck Corporation | Verfahren zur verminderung oder verhinderung von seitlichen schwingungen von verbundenen fahrzeugeinheiten, steuerungssystem, lenksystem, vorderwageneinheit und fahrzeugkombination |
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2022
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2023
- 2023-06-05 WO PCT/EP2023/064956 patent/WO2024017533A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-06-05 EP EP23731178.2A patent/EP4558372A1/de active Pending
- 2023-06-05 CN CN202380053029.3A patent/CN119486920A/zh active Pending
-
2025
- 2025-01-13 US US19/019,086 patent/US20250145149A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024017533A1 (de) | 2024-01-25 |
| DE102022117875A1 (de) | 2024-01-18 |
| US20250145149A1 (en) | 2025-05-08 |
| CN119486920A (zh) | 2025-02-18 |
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