EP4562696A2 - Pile à combustible - Google Patents

Pile à combustible

Info

Publication number
EP4562696A2
EP4562696A2 EP23741653.2A EP23741653A EP4562696A2 EP 4562696 A2 EP4562696 A2 EP 4562696A2 EP 23741653 A EP23741653 A EP 23741653A EP 4562696 A2 EP4562696 A2 EP 4562696A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connecting means
area
opening
fuel cell
bipolar plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23741653.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dennis DUTENHÖFNER
Johannes SCHWALM
Claudia PÖGGELER RIBAS
Alexander HOCHGESAND
Stefan Wallmeier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kamax Holding GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Kamax Holding GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102022119087.0A external-priority patent/DE102022119087A1/de
Priority claimed from DE102022131561.4A external-priority patent/DE102022131561A1/de
Priority claimed from DE102022131562.2A external-priority patent/DE102022131562A1/de
Application filed by Kamax Holding GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Kamax Holding GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP4562696A2 publication Critical patent/EP4562696A2/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0297—Arrangements for joining electrodes, reservoir layers, heat exchange units or bipolar separators to each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
    • F16B35/04—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws with specially-shaped head or shaft in order to fix the bolt on or in an object
    • F16B35/041—Specially-shaped shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
    • F16B35/04—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws with specially-shaped head or shaft in order to fix the bolt on or in an object
    • F16B35/041—Specially-shaped shafts
    • F16B35/044—Specially-shaped ends
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H01M8/0263—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • H01M8/0276—Sealing means characterised by their form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • H01M8/0286—Processes for forming seals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
    • H01M8/248—Means for compression of the fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel cell.
  • Fuel cells are already known from the prior art. These serve to release electrons, in particular through the use of a reaction, in order to generate a current flow or to be able to provide energy.
  • Different fluids can be used as fuel, e.g. hydrogen.
  • the problem with the known systems is that the fuel cells consist of several cells, each of which is separated from one another by bipolar plates. These cells are usually arranged in stacks and covered at the ends by an end plate in order to achieve a compact design. The cells are usually fixed to each other and the end plate using an external connecting device. However, this means that the bipolar plates and the end plate are exposed to large bending stresses and/or a large amount of space is required.
  • the fuel cell in particular comprises a bipolar plate, in particular a plurality of bipolar plates, and/or in particular comprises a connecting means, in particular a multiplicity of connecting means, the bipolar plate extending in a longitudinal direction and in an i Width direction extends, wherein the longitudinal direction and the width direction are in particular perpendicular to one another, the bipolar plate having a plurality of openings, the openings having an outer contour, the outer contour of the openings being formed in particular by a mounting opening and at least one flow opening, wherein the mounting opening advantageously forms a circular segment-shaped part of the outer contour of the opening, and wherein the mounting opening or the opening or one of the openings is designed to accommodate the or a connecting means.
  • the fuel cell is used to convert energy from one form, usually chemically bound, into another form, in particular electrical energy.
  • the fuel cell has bipolar plates and/or connecting means.
  • the connecting means will be explained further below. It is important, however, that advantageously at least one connecting means, preferably a plurality of connecting means, and most preferably all connecting means, extend through the bipolar plates or through the openings of some or all of the bipolar plates.
  • the bipolar plate or some of the bipolar plates surround or enclose the connecting means. This allows a particularly compact arrangement to be created.
  • the bipolar plate serves to form or be able to form part of a fuel cell.
  • the bipolar plate extends in a longitudinal direction and in a width direction, the longitudinal direction and the width direction being in particular perpendicular to one another, the bipolar plate having a plurality of openings, the openings having an outer contour, the outer contour of the openings each passing through a mounting opening and at least one flow opening are formed, wherein the mounting opening forms a circular segment-shaped part of the outer contour of the opening, and wherein the mounting opening is designed to accommodate a connecting means.
  • the bipolar plate is a part and/or can be arranged or used in a fuel cell.
  • an MEA is arranged between two bipolar plates.
  • An MEA is to be understood as meaning a membrane-electrode unit in the sense of the invention.
  • the bipolar plates therefore serve to transport fuel, in particular hydrogen, and/or oxygen and/or combustion products, in particular fluids, e.g. b.
  • fluids e.g. b.
  • the bipolar plates can be used in particular to conduct electrons.
  • the bipolar plates are in particular, at least partially, made of a conductive material and/or made of plastic and/or at least partially made of an insulating material.
  • the bipolar plates can therefore in particular form part of a stack or a “sack” of a fuel cell.
  • the bipolar plates extend in particular in a longitudinal direction and in a width direction.
  • the longitudinal direction is in particular the direction in which the bipolar plate has its largest main dimension.
  • the width direction can in particular be the direction in which the width of the bipolar plate is measured.
  • Standing perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and/or the width direction can be a height direction.
  • the height direction can in particular be the direction in which the material thickness of the bipolar plate is measured. It is particularly useful for the longitudinal direction and the width direction to be perpendicular to one another.
  • the longitudinal direction, the width direction and the height direction can each be perpendicular to one another. In other words, the longitudinal direction, the width direction and the height direction can form a rectangular coordinate system with each other.
  • the bipolar plate includes a variety of openings.
  • openings penetrate the bipolar plate in particular completely, the main direction of extension of the openings being in particular the height direction.
  • the openings can penetrate the bipolar plate in the height direction.
  • the connecting means are therefore tensioning means, therefore means that provide or can provide tensioning of the bipolar plates relative to one another.
  • the connecting means can also be fastening means or can be referred to as such.
  • the flow openings of the openings are particularly intended for the fluid line.
  • the openings themselves are formed by a component, which is the flow opening, and at least also by another component, which is referred to as the assembly opening.
  • the assembly opening serves to accommodate a connecting means, which can also be a tensioning means, in order to enable tensioning of the bipolar plate and/or the “stacks” or the stacks of the fuel cell.
  • the breakthrough can therefore be formed by a combination of a mounting breakthrough and at least one flow breakthrough.
  • the bipolar plate expediently has a large number of openings, each of which has at least one flow opening and one mounting opening.
  • the openings are arranged or designed in such a way that they form an outer contour on the bipolar plate.
  • the outer contour is in particular the outer edge of the opening on a surface bordering the bipolar plate, in particular in the height direction.
  • This outer contour of the opening or openings is formed at least in sections by the flow opening and at least in sections by the mounting opening.
  • the edge of the breakthrough is at least partially formed by the assembly breakthrough and at least partially also by the flow breakthrough.
  • the assembly opening in particular forms a circular segment-shaped part of the outer contour of the opening.
  • at least part of the outer opening is formed by a circular section, which at the same time also delimits the mounting opening.
  • the breakthrough can thus have a part-circle segment-shaped section, which is just formed by the mounting breakthrough.
  • a screw in the sense of the invention can in particular be a connecting means which has an actuating head and/or an actuating section and also has an external thread and/or an internal thread, which is introduced in particular into a shaft section.
  • the bipolar plate has a flow region, wherein the flow region, in particular later, serves to delimit a fluid volume, wherein the fluid volume is or can be in fluid communication with at least two openings.
  • the flow area is in particular that area of the bipolar plate, or the external surface or surfaces of the bipolar plate bordering in the height direction, which is or can later be brought into fluid contact with the MEA.
  • the flow area can therefore form or be or include a surface on the bipolar plate.
  • the bipolar plate expediently has both a flow region, which is formed by a surface bordering in the positive height direction, and a flow region, which is formed by a surface bordering in the negative height direction.
  • the flow area serves in particular later to limit the fluid volume that is in communication with the MEA and/or to at least partially provide the volume in which the MEA is arranged.
  • the flow region therefore in particular borders a fluid volume which is or can be in fluid communication with at least two openings in the bipolar plate.
  • a sealing element is later arranged and/or is arranged on the bipolar plate, which precisely allows a fluid flow to take place from the breakthrough to the flow area and from the flow area to another breakthrough.
  • the openings in particular the flow intrusions of the openings, which are in fluid communication with the flow area or the fluid volume, can be used to achieve an inflow and outflow of fluids into the fluid volume.
  • the flow opening is designed in such a way that it is in the plane spanned by the longitudinal and width directions is, extends from the mounting opening to the flow area.
  • a particularly favorable design of the flow breakthrough can be achieved in terms of flow technology.
  • the circular segment-shaped part of the mounting opening expediently forms at least 51%, preferably at least 65%, and particularly preferably at least 75%, of a circle.
  • the part in the shape of a segment of a circle can form at least 51% of a complete circle, preferably at least 65% of a complete circle, and particularly preferably at least 75% of a complete circle.
  • such a configuration can ensure, or at least provide, in an emergency, a form-fitting position securing of a connecting means within the mounting opening, so that in particular slipping of the bipolar plate in relation to the connecting means in a longitudinal and width direction plane is or can be prevented in a form-fitting manner .
  • the part in the shape of a segment of a circle should form at least 65%, preferably at least 75%, of a complete circle.
  • the positive locking between the bipolar plate and a connecting means can be further improved in order to achieve better accuracy in securing the position.
  • This type of positive securing of the bipolar plate relative to the connecting means allows particularly simple assembly to be achieved. This makes it possible later, in particular, to thread the individual bipolar plates via the connecting means, so that assembly can be simplified.
  • the circular segment-shaped part of the mounting opening preferably forms a maximum of 98%, preferably a maximum of 90%, and particularly preferably a maximum of 80%, of a circle.
  • the parts that are missing to form the complete circle belong in particular to the flow breakthrough. In other words, such a design can ensure that There is sufficient space for the flow breakthrough in the breakthrough, so that a sufficient flow area or flow possibility is provided.
  • the bipolar plate preferably has flow grooves, in particular in one or the flow region of the bipolar plate, with the flow grooves ending and/or starting in particular in a breakthrough.
  • the bipolar plate can have grooves, in particular in a surface that delimits the bipolar plate in the height direction, which can promote and/or achieve a fluid flow. These grooves are particularly called flow grooves.
  • These flow grooves expediently run on the bipolar plate or are arranged on the bipolar plate in such a way that they end and/or start in a breakthrough, in particular in a flow breakthrough. In other words, the grooves extend into the flow breakthrough or breakthrough. In this way, a connection of the flow grooves that is particularly favorable in terms of flow technology can be achieved.
  • By providing the flow grooves in particular clogging and also a uniform supply of fluids into the MEA can be achieved.
  • the flow grooves are formed by straight and/or rectangular sections and/or the flow grooves run in a meandering shape.
  • the flow groove has a particularly large extent. This allows a particularly effective and homogeneous supply of fluids and/or a removal of fluids into and/or from the MEA into the flow grooves. Due to the meandering design of the flow groove, a particularly long flow length of the grooves can also be achieved and thus a particularly homogeneous supply or removal of fluids from and/or into the MEA.
  • the part of the outer contour of the breakthrough formed by the flow breakthrough is further from the center of gravity of the breakthrough or spaced from the center of the circular segment-shaped part as the part of the outer contour of the opening that is formed by the mounting opening.
  • the flow opening can extend away from the otherwise circular mounting opening like an extension.
  • the assembly opening forms all parts of the opening in the shape of a segment of a circle and/or is formed exclusively by parts in the shape of a segment of a circle, which in particular all have the same center.
  • the bipolar plate preferably has a width to length ratio of in particular less than or equal to 1 to 3, with the bipolar plate having an opening, in particular a plurality of openings, in its central region in the longitudinal direction.
  • the dimension of the bipolar plate in the width direction can be in a ratio of less than or equal to 1 to 3 to the dimension of the bipolar plate in the longitudinal direction. If such a relationship exists, an opening, in particular a large number of openings, can be provided in the longitudinal direction, in particular in a central region.
  • the central region in the longitudinal direction is in particular that region of the bipolar plate in the longitudinal direction which extends in the longitudinal direction from the ideal center point +/-25%, preferably +/-15%, and particularly preferably +/- 10%, and particularly preferably +/- 5% of the maximum length of the bipolar plate extends in the longitudinal direction.
  • the center of the bipolar plate is in particular the center of gravity or the center of gravity of the bipolar plate.
  • the fuel cell advantageously comprises a sealing element, in particular a sealing ring.
  • the sealing element expediently rests on the bipolar plate, with the sealing element following or being able to follow the circular segment-shaped part of the outer contour of an opening at least in sections.
  • the fuel cell therefore includes in particular at least one sealing element, which can be designed as a sealing ring.
  • a seal is a sealing element that is closed in itself. In other words, the sealing ring is therefore an endless sealing element.
  • the sealing element rests in particular on the bipolar plate; this can happen in particular through direct contact of the sealing element with the bipolar plate. This contact or this contact area of the sealing element expediently forms a self-contained contour with the bipolar plate.
  • the sealing element can therefore always be in contact with the bipolar plate along its extension.
  • the sealing element expediently follows at least in sections the or a segment-shaped part of the outer contour of an opening.
  • the following is to be understood in particular as meaning that the projection of the sealing element and the projection of the outer contour onto a plane that is spanned by the longitudinal direction and the width direction overlap and/or that the course of the sealing element and the outer contour at least is the same in the following area and / or the sealing element rests at least in sections on the circular segment-shaped part of the outer contour.
  • the sealing element follows at least 40%, preferably at least 60%, and particularly preferably at least 80%, and particularly preferably at least 90%, and most particularly preferably at least 97%, of the circular segment-shaped part of the outer contour of an opening.
  • the sealing element follows at least 40%, preferably at least 60%, and particularly preferably at least 80%, and particularly preferably at least 90%, and most particularly preferably at least 97%, of the outer contour of a breakthrough.
  • the sealing element projects into one or more openings and/or projects into at least two openings.
  • the openings which have a mounting opening and a flow opening and/or through which a connecting means is guided are relevant is and/or which serve or are designed to accommodate a connecting means.
  • the seal can be arranged between the connecting means and the edge of an opening, so that contact between the connecting means and the opening is prevented.
  • the sealing element can therefore be used to bring about electronic insulation between the connecting means and the bipolar plate.
  • the sealing element is expediently formed in particular from an insulating material.
  • the fuel cell advantageously has a plurality of sealing elements, with the sealing elements at least partially following the course of the outer contour of at least one opening, and/or with each opening being surrounded by an outer contour of a sealing element.
  • the sealing elements are at least partially following the course of the outer contour of at least one opening, and/or with each opening being surrounded by an outer contour of a sealing element.
  • Decisive for this are in particular those openings which have a mounting opening and a flow opening and/or which are designed to accommodate a connecting means.
  • an outer contour of a sealing element Surrounding the opening by an outer contour of a sealing element is to be understood in particular as meaning that when projected onto the plane formed by the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the surrounding sealing element and the opening, the outer contour of the projection of the sealing element or the outer edge of this contour encloses and/or contains the outer contour of the opening.
  • the sealing element is fixed, in particular cohesively and/or irreversibly, to the bipolar plate, and/or the sealing element is produced by a screen printing process.
  • the advantage of using a screen printing process lies in particular in the cost-effective production of the sealing element.
  • fixing the sealing element on the bipolar plate in particular simple assembly of the fuel cell can be achieved.
  • it is in particular designed to be cohesive, for example by gluing and/or by a screen printing process.
  • the sealing element is expediently fixed irreversibly to the bipolar plate, so that the connection between the sealing element and the bipolar plate can only be achieved by destroying the connection. This allows a particularly high sealing effect to be achieved.
  • the sealing element is arranged on the bipolar plate in such a way that the sealing element forms a self-contained contour on the bipolar plate, with at least two flow openings, in particular of different openings, and/or the flow region of the bipolar plate advantageously being arranged within the closed contour .
  • a particularly high sealing effect can be achieved.
  • the flow area of the bipolar plate and/or at least the outlet or the contour of flow openings, in particular of different openings are also arranged within this sealed area or within the closed contour. In this way, a particularly homogeneous or targeted supply and removal of fluids into the flow area of the bipolar plate can be achieved.
  • the fuel cell comprises a connecting means, wherein the connecting means is guided through the opening, in particular through the assembly opening of the opening, wherein the connecting means in particular contacts the sealing element.
  • insulation can be achieved between the connecting means and the bipolar plate.
  • the connecting means expediently has an actuation area, in particular a head, and a mounting area, the mounting area forming a thread.
  • the mounting area is expediently formed in and/or around a shaft area of the connecting means.
  • the connecting means extends in particular in the height direction.
  • the main extension direction of the connecting means is therefore advantageously designed parallel to the height direction.
  • a connecting means is guided through each opening in the bipolar plate, which has a mounting opening and a flow opening. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly homogeneous tensioning option for the bipolar plate.
  • the connecting means has a flow passage extending along a height direction or the height direction, the flow passage being in fluid communication with the flow opening, which also forms the opening through which the connecting means is guided.
  • the flow passage can be a central recess or the central recess can be a flow passage.
  • the connecting means can be a banjo, wherein a flow passage can be formed within the banjo.
  • the flow passage can also preferably be introduced externally into the connecting means, for example through an external groove.
  • the flow passage extends in particular in the height direction. In other words, the flow passage can therefore provide fluid conveying capability in the height direction.
  • This flow passage of the connecting means is in particular in fluid communication with the flow opening, so that a fluid can flow from the flow passage into the flow opening. This makes it possible to provide a particularly effective flow option.
  • the flow passage can in particular be realized by means of a/the central recess of the connecting means.
  • the fuel cell comprises a plurality of connecting means, the plurality of connecting means binding means are each guided through a breakthrough, this breakthrough having in particular a mounting breakthrough and / or a flow breakthrough.
  • this breakthrough having in particular a mounting breakthrough and / or a flow breakthrough.
  • the fuel cell advantageously comprises an end plate, the end plate extending in one or the longitudinal direction and one or the width direction, the end plate having two bracing regions, in particular spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction, the bending rigidity of the end plate, in particular between the bracing regions, is variable, advantageously decreasing towards the bracing areas.
  • the end plate extends in particular in a longitudinal direction and a width direction, wherein the longitudinal direction of the end plate can correspond to the longitudinal direction as described above and below and / or the width direction can correspond to the width direction as described above and below.
  • the longitudinal direction of the end plate is in particular the direction in which the end plate has its largest main dimension and/or in which the length of the end plate is determined.
  • the width direction is in particular the direction in which the width of the end plate is determined and/or in which the end plate has its second largest main dimension.
  • the longitudinal direction and the width direction can in particular be perpendicular to a height direction, in particular this height direction is aligned parallel and/or congruent with the height direction already set out previously and/or below.
  • the end plate serves in particular to be arranged in a fuel cell and to form a distal end of the fuel cell, in particular in the height direction. In order to achieve assembly of the end plate, it has in particular two clamping areas that are spaced apart from one another.
  • the bracing areas are in particular areas which serve to provide force transmission to the end plate.
  • An area is expediently provided between these two clamping areas in which the end plate has a variable Has bending stiffness.
  • this area with variable bending stiffness is spread out in such a way that it encompasses and/or forms a central area in the longitudinal direction of the end plate.
  • the middle area of the end plate is determined in the same way as the middle area of the bipolar plate.
  • the flexural rigidity of the area lying between the bracing areas is expediently designed such that its flexural rigidity decreases in the direction of the bracing areas. Therefore, the bending stiffness in particular is greatest in the area that is furthest away from the bracing areas in the longitudinal direction.
  • the end plate can also be referred to as a head plate in the sense of the invention.
  • the end plate has arcuate stiffening ribs, the arcuate stiffening ribs extending in particular parallel to the longitudinal direction.
  • These arcuate stiffening ribs expediently have a variable height in the longitudinal direction.
  • the arcuate stiffening ribs are in particular designed in such a way that they have a largest main dimension parallel to the longitudinal direction in order to provide particularly good bending stress absorption.
  • the end plate in particular the clamping areas of the end plate, expediently has fixing openings.
  • the connecting means particularly preferably extend through these fixing openings, whereby the connecting means can in particular also extend through the or some of the openings in the bipolar plates.
  • the connecting means is in particular a screw or a bolt.
  • the connecting means comprises an actuation region, in particular a head, an elasticity region and preferably a mounting region, wherein the connecting means extends in a longitudinal direction, a radial direction being in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, the elasticity region in the longitudinal direction between the actuation region and can lie in the assembly area, wherein the assembly area has a thread, in particular an internal thread, wherein advantageously or optionally the elasticity area and / or the assembly area are or can be hollow on the inside, and / or where the elasticity area has a lower elasticity than due to its geometry the assembly area and/or as the actuation area.
  • the connecting means serves in particular to connect various components to one another, in particular in a non-positive manner.
  • This non-positive connection relates in particular to transverse forces, advantageously in the radial direction or parallel to this direction.
  • the connecting means is advantageously designed as a non-positive connecting means.
  • the connecting means in particular has an actuation area.
  • the actuation area advantageously serves to be able to apply an assembly torque to the connecting means, in particular in a form-fitting manner.
  • the actuation area can have actuation surfaces, in particular in the form of an external, internal hexagon, external or internal hexalobular, a multi-tooth and/or a multi-round, each advantageously as an internal and/or external actuation.
  • the normals of the actuation surfaces expediently point in the radial direction.
  • These actuation surfaces can be part of a head, which in turn can form the actuation area.
  • the actuation area can be formed by or include a head.
  • the actuation area is expediently designed in such a way that it forms a distal end of the connecting means in the longitudinal direction.
  • the direction of progression is in particular the direction in which the connecting means has its largest main dimension.
  • the direction of progression can therefore or alternatively preferably be the direction in which the length of the connecting means is measured.
  • the direction of progression is oriented in particular parallel to the height direction.
  • the focus of the connecting means, the elasticity area and/or the assembly area can be on the direction of progression.
  • one or the radial direction extends perpendicular to the direction of progression.
  • the gradients form Direction, the radial direction and a circumferential direction form a cylindrical coordinate system with each other.
  • the direction of progression is in particular parallel and/or congruent with the height direction.
  • the radial direction can be parallel to the width direction and/or to the extension direction.
  • the connecting means also has an elasticity area and/or an assembly area.
  • the mounting area of the connecting means has a thread in order to form a connection with another thread, in particular a nut thread. This thread can advantageously be designed as an internal thread in order to achieve a particularly space-saving configuration. Alternatively or additionally preferably, the thread of the mounting area can also be an external thread.
  • the thread itself can be a metric or an inch thread.
  • the mounting area is preferably limited in the direction of extension by the distal ends of the thread in the direction of extension.
  • the mounting area forms a distal end of the connecting means in the longitudinal direction.
  • the mounting area which has the thread and/or which is formed by the thread, can limit the connecting means in the longitudinal direction.
  • the assembly area can be delimited in the radial direction outwards by a cylindrical surface and/or have such a surface. Viewed in the direction of progression, the elasticity range lies between the actuation area and the assembly area.
  • the length of the elasticity region in the longitudinal direction is greater than the length of the actuation region and/or the mounting region in the longitudinal direction.
  • the lengths of all areas are measured in the direction of progression.
  • the length of the elasticity region in the direction of extension is expediently greater than the sum of the lengths of the actuation region and the mounting region.
  • at least 30%, preferably at least 60% and particularly preferably at least 70% of the length of the connecting means in the direction of extension is formed by the elasticity region.
  • the elasticity area and/or the assembly area are in particular hollow on the inside in order to ensure simple assembly and/or gas passage and/or a reduction in elasticity. to be able to access or provide.
  • the elasticity region is designed such that it has a lower elasticity than the assembly region and/or, wherein the elasticity region has deformation structures and/or stiffness reduction structures, in particular in the form of deformation structures.
  • the geometry of the elasticity area in particular is such that this results in a lower elasticity in the assembly area than the elasticity in the assembly area and/or in the actuation area.
  • the elasticity itself is in particular the spring stiffness or the gradient of the force-path diagram.
  • the decisive factor for the elasticity is the direction in which it runs. In particular, this force-path diagram or the spring stiffness is not dedimensionalized by a geometric parameter.
  • the elasticity or spring stiffness is therefore not determined by the gradient of the stress-strain diagram but by the force actually applied to the elastic range in comparison to the resulting displacement path or the resulting deformation.
  • the force-path diagram is therefore the force that must be applied to separate the assembly area from the actuation area in the longitudinal direction, with the resulting displacement path of the actuation area in the longitudinal direction to the assembly area being recorded at the same time.
  • the elasticity area and the assembly area and/or the elasticity area and the actuation area are made of the same material and/or in one piece. This allows particularly good mechanical durability to be achieved.
  • the elasticity region advantageously has one or a plurality of deformation structures which are or are subjected to bending and/or torsion when the actuation region is displaced in the longitudinal direction in relation to the mounting region.
  • Deformation structures are in particular spirals or beam segments, which can be achieved, for example, by introducing depressions and/or openings or other stiffness reduction structures into the elasticity region, particularly in the radial direction. These deformation structures are therefore in particular not recesses, but rather material areas which are mechanically stressed due to the change in length in the direction of the elasticity area, in particular due to a displacement of the assembly area in the direction in relation to the actuation area. This mechanical stress on the deformation structures is in particular or includes in particular a bending load and/or a torsional load.
  • This type of loading is in particular the predominant type of loading, therefore in particular the type of loading that causes at least 30%, preferably at least 50% and particularly preferably at least 70%, of the comparison stress, in particular when applying the shape change hypothesis (von Mises) and / or the Principal normal stress hypothesis (Rankine).
  • the achievable reversible degrees of deformation of the deformation structures can be increased, so that ultimately the elasticity of the elasticity range can be reduced.
  • the spring stiffness of the elasticity area which can be a synonym for the elasticity, can be reduced by using deformation structures which are subjected to bending and/or torsion when the actuation area is displaced in the longitudinal direction in relation to the mounting area. In this way, a particularly advantageous design of the elasticity range can be achieved.
  • the elasticity region is advantageously designed in such a way that it has a degressive spring characteristic.
  • the elasticity or the spring stiffness of the elasticity area - with regard to a displacement of the actuation area in the direction in relation to the assembly area - rich - be designed in such a way that the elasticity is reduced or decreases as the distance between the actuation area increases in the direction in relation to the mounting area.
  • the spring characteristic is degressive in the elastic range.
  • a degressive spring characteristic is already achieved, especially "before" an irreversible deformation occurs. In this way, in particular, permanent relief and/or mechanical overstressing of the components to be connected and/or the connecting means can be minimized and/or reduced.
  • the elasticity region advantageously has one or a plurality of stiffness reduction structures, in particular depressions and/or openings, with the stiffness reduction structures forming or limiting the deformation structures.
  • depressions and/or other stiffness reduction structures can be formed in the elasticity region, in particular in the radial direction, which each border the deformation structures.
  • these depressions can be designed in such a way that fluid can pass through them from the environment via the recess or depression or breakthrough into the internal area or the overall internal elasticity area.
  • the breakthrough or breakthroughs can be designed in such a way that they extend from the outside into the hollow inside region of the elasticity region.
  • the or an internally hollow region of the connecting means can in particular be formed by a central recess, which extends from the mounting region into the elasticity region or even into the actuation region in the longitudinal direction.
  • a fluid flow can also be realized between the individual areas of the connecting means in the longitudinal direction.
  • the stiffness reduction structures in particular in the form of a depression or depressions, connect an outer wall of the elasticity region with an inner wall of the elasticity region.
  • the outer wall of the elasticity area borders it in particular outwards in the positive radial direction and the inner wall borders the elasticity area in particular inwards towards the direction of progression.
  • This inner wall can in particular border and/or partially form the central recess.
  • At least one stiffness reduction structure in particular in the form of a recess, is expediently designed in such a way that its projection in the longitudinal direction overlaps itself.
  • at least one depression can be designed in such a way that when this depression is projected onto a plane perpendicular to the direction of progression, the projection is closed in itself and can therefore in particular form a ring around the direction of progression.
  • the ends of the recess, which forms the projection, which overlaps or is closed on itself lie at different height positions in the direction of progression.
  • the depression which can in particular be a breakthrough, is only closed in itself in the projection and not when the depression is viewed taking into account the extent in the direction of progression. This can in particular prevent a drastic weakening of the connecting means.
  • the elasticity region has one or more helical depressions, in particular openings, and/or stiffness reduction structures, so that the elasticity region has one or more and/or multi-threaded deformation structures, which is and/or are a spiral.
  • spiral-shaped depressions and/or stiffness reduction structures which can in particular be openings, can be achieved in a particularly effective manner so that the deformation structures are subjected to torsion.
  • deformation structures that are subjected to torsion a particularly high degree of reversible deformation capability can be provided.
  • helical deformation structures a particularly good torsional load can be achieved.
  • several helices can also be provided, so that multiple-thread deformation structures can be present in a helical shape.
  • the helical multi-start deformation structures can be designed similar to a multi-start thread.
  • a deformation structure in particular the spiral, has a material thickness in the direction of the extension direction and a material thickness in the direction of the radial direction, which can also be referred to as radial thickness, the ratio of the material thickness to the radial thickness being in a range from 0.8 to 1.2, preferably in a range from 0.9 to 1.1, and particularly preferably in a range from 0.97 to 1.03.
  • the material thickness is therefore the average and/or the maximum or minimum material thickness of the deformation structure measured in the direction of progression.
  • the radial thickness of the deformation structure is in particular the material thickness or the material thickness in the radial direction.
  • the ratio of the material thickness to the radial thickness is in a range from 0.8 to 1.2.
  • the material thickness is in a range from 0.9 to 1.1, a particularly advantageous stress distribution can be achieved.
  • the ratio is in a range from 0.97 to 1.03, an approximately homogeneous stress distribution can be achieved on all edges.
  • At least one depression and/or stiffness reduction structure is elongated hole-shaped.
  • a recess/stiffness reduction structure is to be considered to be elongated hole-shaped in particular if it has a larger dimension in its main direction of extension than perpendicular to it.
  • an elongated hole-shaped depression or an elongated hole-shaped opening can therefore be present if the length in the circumferential direction of the opening is greater than the length of the opening in the longitudinal direction.
  • the length of the opening and/or the depression in the radial direction is particularly irrelevant. In other words, only the contour that the depression and/or the breakthrough leaves on an outer wall of the elasticity region can be decisive, particularly for the elongated hole shape.
  • the extent of the elongated hole-shaped opening or the elongated hole-shaped depression, in particular in the circumferential direction, is expediently larger than in the longitudinal direction.
  • the extent in the circumferential direction is at least 10%, preferably at least 20% and particularly preferably at least 30% larger in the longitudinal direction in order to be defined as elongated hole-shaped.
  • the distal end regions of the elongated hole-shaped opening or the elongated hole-shaped recess are formed by a curve. In this way, the material stress increase or the stress increase factor that occurs can be reduced.
  • the projections of the slot-shaped depressions or stiffness reduction structures preferably form a closed circle in the direction of progression, in particular in the direction of progression.
  • the projections of the elongated hole-shaped depression which could in particular be openings, can be designed in such a way that when viewed in the longitudinal direction, they overlap in such a way that a complete circle or a self-contained ring is formed, in particular the center of gravity of this ring lies on the direction of progression and/or the ring surrounds the direction of progression. In this way, a particularly advantageous reduction in elasticity of the elasticity range can be achieved.
  • At least one stiffness reduction structure and/or recess which is elongated hole-shaped, has a variable width in the longitudinal direction and/or in the longitudinal direction.
  • the width is in particular the complaint of the walls opposite one another in the direction of progression and/or in the longitudinal direction.
  • the elongated hole, or the elongated hole-shaped depression is oriented in such a way that it extends perpendicular to the direction of progression.
  • the main direction of extension in a projection in the radial direction is oriented perpendicular to the direction of progression and/or to the longitudinal direction.
  • a defined stress distribution can be achieved due to the variable width in the longitudinal direction and/or in the longitudinal direction.
  • the width of the opening or depression decreases towards the center of the depression or opening.
  • the width of the depression can initially decrease starting from a distal end of the opening or the depression towards the other distal end of the depression and can increase again after the middle between the distal ends of the depression has been exceeded.
  • a particularly advantageous anticipation of the mechanical tension that occurs can be achieved.
  • a particularly voltage-adapted course can be achieved in this way.
  • a deformation structure in particular a deformation structure arranged between two elongated hole-shaped openings, has a material thickness, in particular a maximum material thickness, in the direction of the extending direction and a, in particular maximum, material thickness in the direction of the radial direction, which - as already explained - can be referred to as radial thickness, on, the ratio of the material thickness to the radial thickness being in a range from 0.7 to 1.3, preferably in a range from 0.85 to 1.15, and particularly preferably in a range from 0.9 to 1.1 , lies.
  • the material thickness is - as already explained - in particular the average and / or the maximum or the minimum material thickness of the deformation structure measured in the direction of progression.
  • the radial strength of the deformation structure is - as already explained - in particular the material thickness or the material thickness in the radial direction.
  • the ratio of the material thickness to the radial thickness is in a range from 0.7 to 1.3. In this way, particularly cost-effective production can be achieved, especially if the deformation structure is at least partially limited in the direction of extension by slot-shaped openings. If, on the other hand, the material thickness is in a range from 0.85 to 1.15, a particularly low local stress concentration can be achieved, especially if the deformation structure is at least partially limited in the direction by slot-shaped openings. However, if the ratio is in a range from 0.9 to 1.1, a particularly good increase in elasticity can be achieved.
  • the ratio of the average height or the maximum height of the openings, in particular of the openings which are elongated hole-shaped, in the direction of progression to the diameter of the elasticity range is in a ratio of 0.045 to 0.125, preferably in a range of 0.055 to 0.0834, particularly preferred in a range of 0.06 to 0.75.
  • the average height or the maximum height of the openings in the direction of extension is the width of the opening in the direction of extension, in particular between two walls opposite one another in the direction of extension.
  • the average height is the average height of the breakthrough in the direction of progression between one distal end and the other distal end.
  • the diameter of the elasticity region is the diameter of the smallest possible circle, which lies in a plane perpendicular to the direction of progression and which can just surround the elasticity region. If the ratio is in a range from 0.045 to 0.125, a particularly effective reduction in elasticity can be achieved. However, if the ratio is in a range from 0.055 to 0.0834, particularly simple production can be achieved.
  • the connecting means is advantageously designed in one piece.
  • a one-piece design means in particular that the material of the connecting means is combined with one another in a single original molding process. was tied.
  • the connecting means may have been further processed after this original forming process, in particular by separating or separating processes, such as laser cutting and/or thread cutting and/or milling or turning, but no further elements were added to the connecting means, for example by welding.
  • the connecting means can also result from cohesive joining of further components to one another, in particular by cohesive joining of the actuation area with the elasticity area and the assembly area.
  • connection with this cohesive connection, further elements can also be mounted on the connecting means, so that ultimately a connecting means results whose actuation area, its elasticity area and its assembly area have been joined together by cohesive joining, although further elements are force-fitting and/or form-fitting and/or or can be attached to the connecting means in a materially bonded manner.
  • Cohesive joining is particularly advantageous in terms of production costs.
  • the one-piece design of the connecting means and/or the actuation area with the elasticity area and the assembly area results in a particularly mechanically advantageous design.
  • the actuation area is hollow, in particular hollow.
  • a fluid flow can take place in the hollow area of the actuation area through the elasticity area and/or through the assembly area.
  • the connecting means presented here can be used particularly advantageously in a fuel cell.
  • Hollow means in particular that the entire actuation area can be hollow in the longitudinal direction.
  • the actuation area advantageously has a gas connection. This makes it particularly easy to realize a gas flow from and/or into the actuation area.
  • the gas connection can in particular have or form a gas-tight thread and/or a hose connection.
  • a central recess which extends in the direction from the actuation area over the elasticity area and can extend to the assembly area.
  • This central recess advantageously extends from the distal end of the mounting area to a distal end of the actuation area.
  • a central recess can extend through the connecting means in the longitudinal direction, in order in particular to be able to realize a fluid flow through the connecting means.
  • This central recess advantageously has a constant diameter in the actuation area, in the elasticity area and/or in the assembly area. This makes it possible to achieve particularly simple and cost-effective production, which also has mechanically advantageous properties.
  • the actuation area expediently has actuation surfaces, the actuation surfaces in particular having a normal in the radial direction.
  • actuation surfaces in particular having a normal in the radial direction.
  • one or a plurality of depressions and/or openings are laser cut. This results in particularly cost-effective and precise production, so that local (unwanted) stress concentrations can be avoided and/or reduced.
  • a further aspect of the invention may relate to a use of a connecting means in/for a fuel cell as described above and/or below.
  • a further aspect of the invention may relate to a use of a bipolar plate and/or a bipolar plate system as described above or below in/for a fuel cell as described above and/or below.
  • An additional aspect of the invention may relate to use of an end plate as described above or below in/for a fuel cell as described above and/or below.
  • the fuel cell expediently comprises at least one bipolar plate, preferably a plurality of bipolar plates, in particular as described above and/or below.
  • the fuel cell can also involve one or a plurality of connecting means and/or sealing elements, in particular as described above and/or below.
  • the fuel cell can also have at least one end plate or two end plates, in particular as described above and/or below.
  • a cavity is formed between and/or in two bipolar plates, which is partially delimited by the flow area of one or both bipolar plates, with a fluid entering the cavity through one of the openings, in particular through a flow opening, of the bipolar plate or can reach and/or wherein a fluid passes or can pass from the cavity through one of the openings, in particular through a flow opening, of the bipolar plate.
  • the flow region of the bipolar plate can therefore be in fluid communication with a flow breakthrough of one breakthrough and a flow breakthrough of another breakthrough. This creates a particularly effective and simple way of bringing fluids into contact with the flow area via the flow openings.
  • an MEA is arranged in the cavity.
  • An MEA is understood to mean a membrane-electrode unit. In this way, a particularly compact design of the fuel cell can be achieved.
  • a further aspect of the invention may relate to a method for producing a connecting means, in particular as described above and below.
  • the procedure includes in particular the steps:
  • the stiffness reduction structures can be introduced in particular by means of a laser, therefore for example by laser cutting.
  • the connecting means provided by the manufacturing method can in particular have the features, configurations, embodiments and advantages set out above and below.
  • the shaping of the actuation area and/or the shaping of the elasticity area and/or the shaping of the assembly area is carried out by a forming process in order to achieve a particularly mechanically resilient and yet cost-effective design of a connecting means.
  • the connecting means can in particular be a screw and/or a bolt.
  • Figure 1 shows a bipolar plate
  • Figure 2 shows a fuel cell and/or a bipolar plate
  • Figure 3 is a view of an alternative embodiment of a bipolar plate
  • Figure 4 shows a fuel cell with a bipolar plate and a connecting means
  • Figure 5 shows a fuel cell with an end plate and a plurality of bipolar plates
  • Figure 6 is an isometric view of an end plate
  • Figure 7 shows a side view of a connecting means with stiffness reduction structures in the shape of an elongated hole
  • Figure 8 also shows a connecting means with stiffness reduction structures as a recess, the width of the stiffness reduction structures decreasing towards the center;
  • Figure 9 shows a partial view of a connecting means in a fuel cell
  • Figure 10 shows a plurality of connecting means in a fuel cell
  • Figure 11 shows a side and sectional view of a connecting means
  • Figure 12 shows a connecting means with a deformation structure, which is a spiral.
  • the bipolar plate 210 has a large number of openings 240, which extend in the height direction H.
  • the openings 240 each include a mounting opening 242 and a flow opening 244.
  • the mounting opening 242 each has a part in the shape of a segment of a circle and/or forms a part in the shape of a segment of a circle of the outer contour of the opening 240.
  • the mounting opening 242 is designed to accommodate a connecting means.
  • the bipolar plate has a width to length ratio of less than or equal to 1 to 3 on, with a plurality of openings 240 being arranged in the bipolar plate 210 in the central region in the longitudinal direction L. This allows a particularly homogeneous bracing force distribution to be formed on the bipolar plate 210.
  • FIG. 2 shows an isometric view of bipolar plates 210, which are arranged one above the other in the height direction H.
  • a sealing element 310 is arranged between the bipolar plates 210.
  • a bipolar plate system 300 can also be seen in FIG. 2, which can include a bipolar plate 210 and a sealing element 310.
  • the bipolar plate system is part of the invention and can be used in a bipolar plate according to the invention. This circumstance is independent of the embodiment.
  • a large number of sealing elements 310 are fixed on it.
  • These sealing elements 310 each surround a breakthrough 240.
  • Each of the breakthroughs 240 includes at least one mounting breakthrough 242 and a flow breakthrough 244.
  • the sealing element 310 follows at least 60% of the circular segment-shaped part of the outer contour of each breakthrough 240.
  • the circular segment-shaped part of the mounting breakthrough 242 forms at least 65% a circle of the respective breakthroughs 240.
  • the flow openings 244 are designed in such a way that they face the flow area 252.
  • the flow area 252 is also surrounded by a sealing element 310.
  • Each sealing element 310 protrudes at least partially into one opening 240 or two openings 240, namely at least partially into the mounting opening 242. This makes it possible to create a particularly good insulation option for a connecting means 9, which can be accommodated in the mounting opening 244, as shown, for example, in FIG.
  • FIG 3 shows a view of a bipolar plate 210, the bipolar plate 210 having six openings 240 which extend in the height direction H.
  • the width direction B and the longitudinal direction L are perpendicular to the height direction H.
  • the flow grooves extend from the opening 240 arranged at the bottom left to the opening 240 arranged at the top right 250, which lead through the flow area 252.
  • the flow grooves 250 are arranged in a meandering shape.
  • the flow area 252 is surrounded by the sealing element 310, which also surrounds two openings 240.
  • FIG. 4 shows a fuel cell 1 or a part of a fuel cell 1, in particular a bipolar plate system 300, comprising a plurality of sealing elements 310 and a plurality of bipolar plates 210 as well as a connecting means 9.
  • the connecting means 9 extends in the height direction H.
  • a large number of sealing elements 310 contact the bipolar plate 210 and the connecting means 9.
  • the connecting means 9 is designed such that it has a flow passage extending in the height direction H, wherein the flow passage is in fluid communication with the flow opening 244 of the respective openings 240. As a result, a particularly good and advantageous fluid supply and/or removal can take place through the connecting means 9.
  • FIG. 5 shows a fuel cell 1, the fuel cell 1 having a plurality of connecting means 9 and a plurality of bipolar plates 210 and/or bipolar plate systems 300.
  • the fuel cell 1 is limited in the height direction H at least in sections by an end plate 500.
  • FIG. 1 An end plate 500 is shown in FIG.
  • the end plate 500 extends in the longitudinal direction L and in the width direction B, the end plate 500 having clamping areas 502 spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction L, fixing openings 510 being arranged in the clamping areas 502.
  • the bracing areas 502 are arranged in such a way that they each have at least three fastening openings 510. Between the bracing areas 502, particularly seen in the longitudinal direction L, the bending stiffness of the end plate 500 is variable, with this decreasing in the direction of the bracing areas 502. This variable bending stiffness can be achieved by the stiffening ribs 520, which extend parallel to the longitudinal direction L. 7 shows a connecting means 9 which has an actuation area 10 in the form of a head.
  • the actuation area 10 has a connection thread for a gas connection.
  • the connecting means 9 also has a mounting region 50, wherein the fastening region 10 and the mounting region 50 form distally opposite end regions of the fastening means/connecting means 9 in the direction V.
  • the elasticity area 30 is located between the fastening area 10 and the mounting area 50. Due to its geometry, the elasticity area 30 has a lower elasticity than the mounting area 50 and than the actuation area 10 and the elasticity area 30 has a degressive spring characteristic. These stiffness characteristics of the elasticity region 30 are achieved by the slot-shaped stiffness reduction structures, which are designed as a breakthrough.
  • FIG 8 a similar fastening means/connecting means 9 is shown in comparison to Figure 7.
  • the actuation area 10 has an external hexagon with actuation surfaces 12.
  • the assembly area 50 which is hollow on the inside, there is an internal thread for assembly.
  • the radial direction R points radially from the direction V.
  • the deformation structures 32 present in the elasticity region 30 are designed in such a way that they have a variable width in the direction V, the width decreasing towards the center of the recess.
  • FIG. 10 A detailed view of a mounted connecting means 9 in a fuel point can be seen in FIG.
  • Both the actuation area 10, which has actuation surfaces 12 in its interior, and the elasticity area 30 are provided with a central recess 60, so that an internally hollow area results in both the elasticity area 30 and in the actuation area 10.
  • the stiffness reduction structures are designed in the shape of an elongated hole.
  • the stiffness reduction structures 34 form the deformation structures 32, the deformation structures 32 having a radial strength RS in the radial direction R.
  • 10 shows a fuel cell which has a large number of connecting means 9.
  • the connecting means 9 penetrate the fuel cell 9 completely in the direction V or in the height direction H. Basically, the connecting means 9 or the direction V should be parallel to the longitudinal direction L or to the height direction H.
  • the connecting means 9 extends in the direction V.
  • the elasticity region 32 plate spring-like deformation structures 32 connected in series are formed. Due to this geometric design, the elasticity area 30 has a degressive spring characteristic. The radial strength RS in the elasticity range can be seen.
  • Both the mounting area 50 and the elasticity area 30 are hollow on the inside and therefore each have a section of the central recess 60. In order to achieve assembly of the connecting means 9, the mounting area 50 has an internal thread.
  • a connecting means 9 is shown in Figure 12.
  • the connecting means 9 has a deformation structure 32, which is a spiral.
  • the elasticity region 30 has a helical depression which forms the deformation structure 32.
  • the deformation structure 32 has a material thickness MS in the direction V.
  • a plurality of helical depressions can also be provided, so that a multi-stage deformation structure or deformation structures in the form of a spiral result.
  • the mounting area 50 also has a metric internal thread.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Pile à combustible (1) comprenant une plaque bipolaire (210), en particulier une pluralité de plaques bipolaires (210), et/ou comprenant un moyen de connexion (9), en particulier une pluralité de moyens de connexion (9), la plaque bipolaire (210) s'étendant dans une direction longitudinale (L) et dans une direction de largeur (B), la direction longitudinale (L) et la direction de largeur (B) étant notamment perpendiculaires l'une à l'autre, la plaque bipolaire (210) présentant une pluralité d'ouvertures (240), les ouvertures (240) présentant un contour extérieur, le contour extérieur des ouvertures (240) étant formé en particulier respectivement par une ouverture de montage (242) et au moins une ouverture de circulation (244), le passage de montage (242) formant avantageusement une partie en arc de cercle du contour extérieur de l'ouverture (240), et l'ouverture de montage (242) ou l'ouverture (240) étant conçue pour recevoir le ou un moyen de connexion (9).
EP23741653.2A 2022-07-29 2023-07-11 Pile à combustible Pending EP4562696A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022119087.0A DE102022119087A1 (de) 2022-07-29 2022-07-29 Verbindungsmittel, Batterieanordnung, Brennstoffzelle und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Verbindungsmittels
DE102022131561.4A DE102022131561A1 (de) 2022-11-29 2022-11-29 Bipolarplatte, Bipolarplattensystem, Endplatte und Brennstoffzelle
DE102022131562.2A DE102022131562A1 (de) 2022-11-29 2022-11-29 Brennstoffzelle
PCT/EP2023/069181 WO2024022806A2 (fr) 2022-07-29 2023-07-11 Pile à combustible

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4562696A2 true EP4562696A2 (fr) 2025-06-04

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Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23741653.2A Pending EP4562696A2 (fr) 2022-07-29 2023-07-11 Pile à combustible
EP23741650.8A Pending EP4562313A1 (fr) 2022-07-29 2023-07-11 Moyens de liaison, et procédé de production de moyens de liaison
EP23741652.4A Withdrawn EP4562695A2 (fr) 2022-07-29 2023-07-11 Plaque bipolaire, système de plaque bipolaire, plaque d'extrémité et pile à combustible

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23741650.8A Pending EP4562313A1 (fr) 2022-07-29 2023-07-11 Moyens de liaison, et procédé de production de moyens de liaison
EP23741652.4A Withdrawn EP4562695A2 (fr) 2022-07-29 2023-07-11 Plaque bipolaire, système de plaque bipolaire, plaque d'extrémité et pile à combustible

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20260038851A1 (fr)
EP (3) EP4562696A2 (fr)
JP (3) JP2025525670A (fr)
KR (3) KR20250041007A (fr)
CN (3) CN119604996A (fr)
CA (1) CA3262595A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE202023104081U1 (fr)
MX (3) MX2025001147A (fr)
WO (3) WO2024022806A2 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3673155B2 (ja) * 2000-08-11 2005-07-20 本田技研工業株式会社 燃料電池スタック
DE10204721A1 (de) * 2002-02-05 2003-08-21 Fischer Georg Rohrleitung Federschraube
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WO2024022804A1 (fr) 2024-02-01
CN119604996A (zh) 2025-03-11
MX2025001147A (es) 2025-03-07
JP2025525669A (ja) 2025-08-05
KR20250041010A (ko) 2025-03-25
EP4562313A1 (fr) 2025-06-04
CN119630893A (zh) 2025-03-14
JP2025526441A (ja) 2025-08-13
JP2025525670A (ja) 2025-08-05
WO2024022805A3 (fr) 2024-05-23
MX2025001148A (es) 2025-03-07
WO2024022806A2 (fr) 2024-02-01
KR20250041012A (ko) 2025-03-25
KR20250041007A (ko) 2025-03-25
DE202023104081U1 (de) 2023-08-25
US20260038851A1 (en) 2026-02-05
WO2024022805A2 (fr) 2024-02-01
WO2024022806A3 (fr) 2024-05-23
CA3262595A1 (fr) 2025-06-12
MX2025001149A (es) 2025-03-07
CN119631200A (zh) 2025-03-14
EP4562695A2 (fr) 2025-06-04

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