Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
  • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
  • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
  • B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4

Definitions

• the technical context of the present invention is that of electrified motor vehicles and their electric charging devices. More particularly, the invention relates to an electric charging assembly for such electrified motor vehicles.
• the electric traction batteries of electrified motor vehicles need to be regularly recharged in order to have sufficient electrical energy to power an electric machine generating a motor torque on a wheel shaft of such motor vehicles .
• electric traction batteries some of which are rechargeable via a direct voltage of 400 V and others which are rechargeable via a direct voltage of 800 V.
• Such Electric traction batteries are also rechargeable through an alternative, single-phase or multi-phase electrical network.
• the context of the present invention addresses more particularly the problem of rapid recharging of the electric traction battery, using the direct voltage supplied by the charging station.
• the rapid charging of an electrified motor vehicle having an 800V electric traction battery is done via an 800V fast charging station: a direct voltage of 800V is then applied directly to the terminals of the 800V electric traction battery of said motor vehicle.
• the rapid charging of an electrified motor vehicle with a 400V electric traction battery is done via a 400V fast charging station: a direct voltage of 400V is then applied directly to the terminals of the 400V electric traction battery of said motor vehicle.
• the object of the present invention is to propose a new assembly for recharging a motor vehicle in order to respond at least largely to the preceding problems and to also lead to other advantages.
• Another aim of the invention is to offer extended capabilities for recharging electric traction batteries.
• Another aim of the invention is to make it possible to use a 400V or 800V charging station indifferently with an electrified motor vehicle equipped with a 400V electric traction battery to carry out rapid charging via high voltage direct current. provided by the charging station.
• Another aim of the invention is to make it possible to recharge, via a single-phase or multi-phase alternating electrical network provided by the charging station, the 400V or 800V type electric traction batteries of n any electrified motor vehicle.
• At least one of the aforementioned objectives is achieved with an assembly for recharging an electric traction battery of a motor vehicle by a recharging station providing an electrical network direct current and a multi-phase alternating electrical network, the charging assembly comprising:
• an on-board charger connected on the one hand to the alternating electrical network of the charging station in order to transform an alternating voltage supplied by said alternating electrical network into a high direct voltage, and on the other hand to the electric traction battery in order to supply it with the high direct voltage thus transformed, the on-board charger comprising an isolated converter comprising a transformer controlled by a primary power bridge, and;
• [14] - a switching device configured to connect the electric traction battery to the alternating electrical network provided by the charging station or to connect said electric traction battery to the continuous electrical network provided by said charging station and via a positive high voltage line and a continuous reference line provided by said continuous electrical network of the charging station;
• [15] - a configuration member configured to control the primary power bridge: (i) in half bridge if the operating voltage of the electric traction battery is less than or equal to an electric potential difference between the high voltage line positive and the continuous reference line, (ii) in full bridge if the operating voltage of the electric traction battery is greater than or equal to the difference in electrical potential between the positive high voltage line and the continuous reference line.
• an electrified motor vehicle is of the type of an electric or hybrid motor vehicle.
• the traction chain of such an electrified motor vehicle is rotated by the electric machine, electrically powered by the electric traction battery, in order to generate a motor torque used to set the motor vehicle in motion.
• the electrical machine is configured to recover mechanical energy from the traction chain and convert it into electrical energy thereby producing a braking torque on said traction chain.
• the electric traction battery is configured to supply electrical energy to an electric machine generating a motor torque on the traction chain of the motor vehicle.
• the electric traction battery is of the type of a high voltage electric battery making it possible to generate a direct voltage of 400V or 800V.
• the on-board charger includes in particular an alternating voltage converter into direct voltage.
• the on-board charger is configured in particular to rectify an alternating electrical voltage supplied by the charging station in order to recharge the electric traction battery.
• the on-board charger thus makes it possible to convert an alternating current that can be supplied by the charging station into a direct current which ultimately allows the electric traction battery to be recharged.
• the converter isolated from the on-board charger is of the type of a DC voltage to DC voltage converter.
• the on-board charger is configured to amplify a direct electrical voltage supplied by the charging station in order to recharge the electric traction battery. The on-board charger thus makes it possible to convert a direct current that can be supplied by the charging station into a direct current which ultimately allows the electric traction battery to be recharged.
• [21] - a first coupling path in which the electric traction battery is electrically coupled to the charging station via the on-board charger and via the continuous electrical network in order to achieve rapid charging;
• the positive high voltage line is configured to transport a direct current and a direct voltage, preferably a high direct current - typically several amps - and a high direct voltage - typically 400 V or 800V for example.
• the continuous reference line is an electric line with a reference electric potential, for example equal to 0 V.
• the charging station is preferably of the type of a 400 V or 800 V charging station.
• the charging assembly conforms to the first aspect of the invention makes it possible to couple electrically and indifferently a 400 V or 800 V charging station to the electric traction battery in order to recharge it at said charging station.
• the configuration member of the primary power bridge makes it possible to control the power bridge in order to adapt the charging assembly, and in particular the on-board charger, to the type of charging station at which the electric battery of traction is connected for charging, and depending on the type of electric traction battery. So :
• the configuration unit controls the power bridge of the transformer of the converter isolated as a complete bridge, in order to be able to transform the voltage 400 V into a voltage 800 V at the terminals of the secondary of the transformer, when said transformer has a transformation ratio of 2.
• the transformation ratio of the transformer of the isolated converter is adapted to 1 so as to be able to adjust the voltage transformation to the electric traction battery;
• the configuration unit controls the power bridge of the transformer of the converter isolated as a half-bridge, in order to always obtain a voltage of 400V across the primary of the transformer, and to transform it into a voltage of 400V across the secondary of the transformer, when said transformer has a transformation ratio of 1.
• the electric charging assembly in accordance with the first aspect of the invention makes it possible to recharge an electric traction battery using a charging station and by making it possible to define several voltage amplification paths, in order, for example, to recharge the electric traction battery via a direct voltage or an alternating voltage delivered by the charging station.
• the invention in accordance with its first aspect cleverly makes it possible to increase the power of the isolated converter by increasing the working frequency of said isolated converter, without having to modify the transformer used.
• This advantageous configuration thus makes it possible to take advantage of part of the components used in the on-board charger and to use them optimally.
• the recharging assembly conforming to the first aspect of the invention advantageously comprises at least one of the improvements below, the technical characteristics forming these improvements being able to be taken alone or in combination:
• the isolated converter is of the type of a bidirectional direct current-direct current converter with a double active bridge, the double active bridge comprising the primary power bridge connected to a primary winding of the transformer, and a secondary power bridge connected to a secondary winding of said transformer;
• the switching device comprises (i) a first switch configured to establish an electrical connection or electrical insulation between the positive high voltage line supplied and a positive terminal of the electric traction battery, (ii) a second switch configured to establish an electrical connection or electrical insulation between the continuous reference line and a negative terminal of the electric traction battery, (iii) a third switch and a fourth switch making it possible to establish an electrical connection or electrical isolation between the DC power network and the primary power bridge of the isolated converter transformer;
• the on-board charger comprises a low-pass output filter located in an intermediate position between the isolated converter and the electric traction battery, the low-pass output filter comprising (i) a first inductor connecting a secondary of the transformer of the isolated converter and the positive terminal of the electric traction battery, (ii) a second inductor connecting a secondary of the transformer of the isolated converter and the negative terminal of the electric traction battery, (iii) a third inductor connecting the high line positive voltage and the third switch, and a first terminal of the third switch is connected to the third inductor of the output low-pass filter, and a second terminal of said third switch is connected to a first amplification line of the on-board charger.
• the output low-pass filter is located between an output of the on-board charger and the electric traction battery. In particular, the output low-pass filter is placed in parallel with the secondary power bridge of the isolated converter;
• the second terminal of the third switch is connected to the first amplification line between the primary winding of the transformer of the isolated converter and a power factor correction circuit of the on-board charger.
• the correction circuit is configured to be able to modify a phase and/or a shape of the alternating voltage supplied by the alternating electrical network via the charging station in order to optimize the operation of the set of charging according to the first aspect of the invention and its electrical coupling to said charging station.
• the correction circuit includes an alternating voltage converter into a direct voltage, thus making it possible to convert the alternating voltage supplied by the alternating electrical network via the charging station into a high direct voltage necessary for recharging the electric battery traction.
• the correction circuit is located in an intermediate position between the charging station and the isolated converter. In particular, the correction circuit is connected in parallel with the primary power bridge of the isolated converter;
• the third switch is housed in a capacitive filter located upstream of the converter isolated relative to the electric traction battery;
• the fourth switch is placed in bypass of the transformer of the isolated converter, on a second amplification line of the on-board charger.
• a first terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the primary power bridge of the isolated converter, and a second terminal of said fourth switch is connected to the secondary power bridge of the isolated converter.
• the fourth switch is housed in the isolated converter.
• the output low-pass filter comprises a fourth inductor connecting the continuous reference line and the fourth switch, a first terminal of the fourth switch being connected to the fourth inductor of the low-pass filter of output, and a second terminal of said fourth switch being connected to a second amplification line of the on-board charger;
• the second terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the second amplification line between the primary winding of the transformer of the isolated converter and the correction circuit of the on-board charger;
• the fourth switch is housed in the on-board charger.
• the fourth switch is located outside the isolated converter.
• the first switch and/or the second switch and/or the third switch and/or the fourth switch are of the type of a transistor, and preferably of the type of a bipolar transistor with an insulated gate or a metal-oxide gate field effect transistor.
• the first switch and/or the second switch and/or the third switch and/or the fourth switch are of the type of a mechanical relay.
• all configurations are possible: all the switches can be of the type of a transistor, or all the switches can be of the type that can be of a mechanical relay, or a first part of the switches can be of the type of a transistor and a second part of switches which can be of the type of a mechanical relay.
• a method for controlling a recharging assembly conforming to the first aspect of the invention or according to any of its improvements, the transformer of the isolated converter having a transformation ratio equal to 0.5, the control method comprising (i) a step of supplying DC voltage to the on-board charger, the DC voltage being supplied by the charging station and by via the positive high voltage line and the continuous reference line, (ii) a step of comparison between an operating voltage of the electric traction battery and an electric potential difference between the positive high voltage line and the reference line continues, (iii) a step of configuring the primary power bridge as a function of the operating voltage of the electric traction battery and the electric potential difference:
• the configuration device drives the primary power bridge so that it operates as a half bridge.
• the voltage of 400V at the output of the primary power bridge is then transformed in such a way that, at the level of the secondary power bridge of the isolated converter, a voltage of 800V is found at the terminals of the electric traction battery.
• the electric traction battery is an 800 V electric battery and the charging station is configured to deliver, in rapid charging, a direct voltage of 400 V between the positive high voltage line and the direct reference line
• the configurator controls the primary power bridge so that it operates as a complete bridge.
• the voltage of 800V supplying the primary power bridge is divided by 2 by said primary power bridge so that, at the output of said primary power bridge, a voltage of 400V can then be transformed in such a way that , at the level of the secondary power bridge of the isolated converter, a voltage of 800V is found at the terminals of the electric traction battery.
• the primary power bridge comprises a first power transistor and a second power transistor, a source terminal of the first power transistor being connected to a drain terminal of the second power transistor and to a terminal of a primary winding of the transformer, the step of configuring the power bridge comprising:
• [49] - a step of controlling the first power transistor so that it is configured in a non-conducting state when the operating voltage of the electric traction battery is lower than the electric potential difference.
• [50] - a step of controlling the first power transistor so that it is configured in an on state when the operating voltage of the electric traction battery is greater than the electric potential difference.
• a working frequency of the on-board charger is greater than 200 kHz, and preferably between 200 kHz and 500 kHz.
• the working frequency is that of the isolated converter, and even more particularly, that of the primary power bridge.
• a motor vehicle comprising a charging assembly conforming to the first aspect of the invention or according to any of its improvements.
• Varied embodiments of the invention are planned, integrating according to all of their possible combinations the different optional characteristics exposed here.
• FIG.1 illustrates a first embodiment of the charging assembly conforming to the first aspect of the invention
• FIG.2 illustrates a second embodiment of the charging assembly conforming to the first aspect of the invention
• FIG.3 illustrates a synoptic diagram of the control method according to the second aspect of the invention.
• the charging assembly 20 makes it possible to establish an electrical connection with a charging station 19 external to the electric vehicle with which the charging assembly 20 is associated.
• the established electrical connection is defined through the charging assembly 20 among several coupling paths. Among these coupling paths, we distinguish in particular:
• such a recharging assembly 20 comprises: [66] - the electric traction battery 4;
• [68] - a switching device comprising one or more switches 5, 6, 11, 15 configured to establish an electrical connection or electrically isolate certain parts of the on-board charger 3 and/or of the charging assembly 20, so as to be able to establish one of the electrical coupling paths between the charging station 19 and the electric traction battery 4.
• the DC voltage is supplied by the DC electrical network 2, allowing the charging station 19 to deliver to the charging assembly 20 a DC voltage, for example equal to or substantially equal to 400 V or 800 V.
• the continuous electrical network 2 comprises a positive high voltage line DC+ and a continuous reference line DC-.
• the charging station 19 is electrically connected to an electrical connection device making it possible to connect the electrical charging assembly 20 to the charging station 19, either through the alternative electrical network 1, or through of the continuous electricity network 2.
• the switches 5, 6, 11, 15 of the switching device are chosen from those of the type of a mechanical relay or a transistor. In particular, when one of the switches is of the type of a transistor, then it is preferably of the type of a bipolar transistor with an insulated gate or a field effect transistor with a metal-oxide gate.
• the primary power bridge 13P of the isolated converter 12 includes:
• [88] - a first branch formed of two transistors connected together by their drain terminal and their source terminal and further connected, at these terminals B+, B- connected together, to one of the terminals B+, B- of the secondary winding of transformer 13;
• the output low-pass filter 14 includes: [92] - a first inductor LS1 connecting the isolated converter 12 to the first high voltage line HV+ supplying the positive terminal B+ of the electric traction battery 4;
• the third switch 15 is advantageously onboard and housed in the capacitive filter 9.
• a first terminal of the third switch 15 is connected to the third inductor LS3 of the low-pass output filter 14, and a second terminal of said third switch 15 is connected to the first amplification line A1 of the on-board charger 3, taken at the level of the capacitive filter 9.
• the electric traction battery 4 is an 800 V electric battery and the charging station 19 is configured to deliver, in rapid charging, a direct voltage of 400 V between the positive high voltage line DC+ and the reference line continues DC-, then the primary power bridge 13P is driven so that it operates as a half-bridge.
• the voltage of 800V supplying the primary power bridge 13P is divided by 2 by said primary power bridge 13P so that, at the output of said power bridge primary power 13P, a voltage of 400V can then be transformed by the transformer 13, and through its winding ratio of 0.5, such that, at the level of the secondary power bridge 13S of the isolated converter 12, we finds a voltage of 800V at the terminals B+, B- of the electric traction battery 4.
• the primary power bridge 13P comprises a first power transistor 131 and a second power transistor 132, a source terminal of the first power transistor 131 being connected to a drain terminal of the second power transistor 132 and to a terminal of a primary winding of the transformer 13, the configuration step 33 of the power bridge comprising:

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=84820369

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 2022
  • 2022-08-26 FR FR2208547A patent/FR3139054B1/fr active Active
• 2023
  • 2023-06-28 EP EP23755452.2A patent/EP4577427A1/de active Pending
  • 2023-06-28 WO PCT/FR2023/050988 patent/WO2024042277A1/fr not_active Ceased

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