EP4590891A1 - Procédé de traitement de déchets de tapis - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement de déchets de tapis

Info

Publication number
EP4590891A1
EP4590891A1 EP23750542.5A EP23750542A EP4590891A1 EP 4590891 A1 EP4590891 A1 EP 4590891A1 EP 23750542 A EP23750542 A EP 23750542A EP 4590891 A1 EP4590891 A1 EP 4590891A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
carpet
fraction
unravelling
carpet product
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23750542.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Luca Bertamini
Gianmarco GIACOMELLI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aquafil SpA
Original Assignee
Aquafil SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aquafil SpA filed Critical Aquafil SpA
Publication of EP4590891A1 publication Critical patent/EP4590891A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
    • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
    • D21B1/02—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/18—Drum screens
    • B07B1/20—Stationary drums with moving interior agitators
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
    • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
    • D21B1/02—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means
    • D21B1/026—Separating fibrous materials from waste
    • D21B1/028—Separating fibrous materials from waste by dry methods
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention in general pertains to methods for processing carpet product waste to enable recycling of its constituting materials, in particular at least its face yarns and backing material.
  • the invention pertains to the processing of post consumer carpet products, but it does not exclude the processing of newly produced but redundant (and thus unused) carpet products (also called postindustrial waste or pre consumer type).
  • Carpet products also denoted simply as “carpet”, such as broadloom carpet, carpet tiles, mats, rugs, runners etc, are typically used to cover floors, walls, interiors of cars, planes, boats etc. to provide a comfortable feel and pleasant look.
  • Machine- made carpet products typically comprise a fibrous (textile) sheet as a primary backing with polymer yarns (loosely) connected thereto as a basic constituent, the yarns constituting the face surface of the product.
  • most carpets are produced by stitching (which term includes weaving) the polymer yarns into the primary backing, to provide a pile of the polymer yarns protruding from a top surface of the backing.
  • the yarn is called face fiber and can be inserted with or without cutting it into shorter length.
  • the carpet has a loop appearance and the fiber is endless for all the carpet length.
  • the carpet has a velour appearance and the face fiber hase a limited length from some millimeters to some centimeters.
  • the side opposite to the face surface of the carpet is typically provided with a polymer adhesive or other embedding backing material such as a latex, a cross-linkable polymer or a hot melt adhesive or others, to durably bind the yarns to the primary (often textile) backing and at the same time to form a durable carpet backing.
  • the secondary backing also called “back coating” or “heavy layer”, such a backing is typically used to improve mechanical properties such as dimensional stability of the carpet.
  • the secondary backing can e.g.
  • bituminous layer a layer of a meltable polymer like PVC, Pll, PO, a plastic sheet, a polymer foam or a fibrous sheet comprising polymer yarns (such as a dense felted layer) or a layer of different rubber types, such as, but not limited to, SBR, NBR rubbers.
  • Carpet products are used everywhere: in homes, offices, cars, planes, schools etc. Used carpet therefore is the source of one of the biggest waste streams in the world. Adequate recycling of carpet products (carpet and parts of carpet) therefore is of the utmost importance to provide new carpet products in a sustainable way. In the art numerous methods for producing carpet aimed at the possibility of recycling thereof have been described.
  • EP747525 (BASF) describes a recyclable carpet product prepared from a backing comprising protruding tufts (preferably of the same material as the backing), with a carrier of a thermoplastic substrate bound to the backside of the primary backing with hot melt adhesive (HMA).
  • the backing and tufts are made from materials such as nylon, polyolefin and/or polyester and the thermoplastic carrier from materials such as polyolefins, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and/or polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • the HMA is applied to the back surface of the primary backing to lock the tufts in place and to act as a buffer between the backing and carrier, so is selected to be compatible with the polymers of the backing and of the carrier.
  • the carpet may be recycled by heating to a temperature sufficient to (re)soften the HMA but below the melting point of the polymers of the tufted backing and carrier substrate so the carpet separates into its two constituent layers.
  • US5538776 (Hoechst Celanese) describes a recyclable thermoplastic tufted carpet made of a primary backing with tufts and a secondary backing attached to the primary with a layer of a polyester hot melt adhesive.
  • the HMA takes the place of latex adhesive (see col. 2, lines 50 to 51) and the tufts, primary backing, the HMA and secondary backing are made from one type of thermoplastic polymer (preferably polyester). So the carpet can be recycled through known methods, such as processes to recycle polyesters by glycolysis or methanolysis, and/or extrusion, whereby the specific recycling process is determined by the type of polyester.
  • EP1598476 (Klieverik Heli) describes a method for manufacturing a backing as an intermediate for making a carpet, where the backing does not use a latex to anchor the fibres (yarns) in place.
  • the backing comprises a sheet with piles of thermoplastic fibres stitched through the thickness of the sheet and protruding from its upper surface.
  • the backing is fed (fibre upwards) along a heated roller surface and its underside is pressed against the roller so the fibres will melt.
  • This method provides the advantage that the intermediate backing can be easily recycled as the fibre and backing sheet can be made from the same polymer. There is no incompatible latex penetrated into the fibre piles (see paragraph [003]). However, this method still has some disadvantages.
  • the fibre is still insufficiently strongly anchored to the backing for use in many applications, for example where fibre is subjected to high mechanical loads (e.g. in the interior of cars, trains, planes, offices, shops etc.).
  • high mechanical loads e.g. in the interior of cars, trains, planes, offices, shops etc.
  • additional (incompatible) adhesive or latex to the underside of the backing and/or extensively impregnate HMA within the carpet piles and backing to provide sufficient adhesion with HMA alone.
  • HMA incompatible adhesive or latex
  • WO 2012/076348 (Niaga) describes a method for making carpet that improves the anchor strength of the yarn.
  • this method when the first yarn bearing sheet is pressed against the heated surface, the relative speed of the sheet and surface are adjusted to provide an additional mechanical force between them in the machine direction which spreads the material of the yarn whilst it is still molten resulting in a stronger bond between the first sheet and the yarn.
  • the use of a reactive adhesive is proposed.
  • reactive adhesive provides a strong bond and can be recycled (unlike the latex) its use leads to a textile product that does not have optimal mechanical properties.
  • a further disadvantage of using a chemically reactive adhesive is that both the components to be joined and the adhesive must carry co-reactive groups.
  • WO2014/198731 (DSM IP Assets BV) describes a method of making carpet that is based on the technology as known from WO 2012/076348 (Niaga) with the proviso that a hot melt adhesive is used at the back of the primary backing, typically for bonding the primary backing to a secondary backing to form a laminate.
  • the patent publication recognises (page 22, first two paragraphs) that this opens the route for using the same (chemical) type of polymer for the yarns as well as the adhesive.
  • the yarns of the fibrous sheet typically have to fulfil completely other demands (high durability, resiliency, stain resistance etc.) than the polymer as used in the adhesive (good glueing properties, and easy to apply at relatively low temperatures).
  • the polymer as used in the fibres typically has a high molecular weight (Mw over 50,000 g/mol, thus over 5x10 4 g/mol, or even over 75,000 g/mol) and a melting point in the range of 180-300°C (typically between 220 and 280°C).
  • the polymer that is used as an adhesive is a completely different type of polyester.
  • Such an adhesive is a low molecular weight material (Mw below 35,000 g/mol, typically between 15,000 and 30,000 g/mol), and has a melting point in the range of 50- 150°C.
  • the viscosity is typically very low at a temperature of about 100-160°C to enable applying the adhesive well below the melting temperature of the yarn material. In line with the teachings of WO2014/198731 , these materials cannot be recycled together and separation is necessary making the recycling process relatively complex.
  • WO2018/035565 provides a method for recycling carpet products involving the promoting of separation of polymer bonded to a substrate by contacting the polymer composite structure with a composition comprising organic solvent which is absorbed within one or both of the polymer and substrate, wherein the composition comprising organic solvent does not dissolve either the polymer or the substrate, and contacting the polymer composite structure with liquid having a temperature higher than the boiling point of the composition comprising organic solvent used in step, and which does not dissolve either the polymer or the substrate, the action of which promotes separation between the polymer and the substrate.
  • the involvement of organic solvents and high temperatures makes the process complex and not disadvantageous form an environmental point of view.
  • US2017/0305038 (Broadview Group International LLC) discloses a process for recovering various constituting materials from a waste carpet product, the process comprising applying mechanical force to the carpet product to break a bond between an adhesive and a face fiber material of the carpet. Thereafter separating the face fiber material from the adhesive using a centrifugal screening device and recovering, from the carpet product, a low ash fiber product.
  • the method has the disadvantage that the separation between the face yarns and the secondary backing is relatively incomplete and in that the process cannot be run continuously since the sieves need regular cleaning.
  • US 6,752,336 (Johnsonville Acquisition) discloses a method of recovering carpet materials by reducing the carpet product into size-reduced fibers, slurrying the size- reduced fibers in a liquid medium, and then selectively separating the size-reduced fibers in a centrifuge.
  • the method has only a very restricted applicability, viz. for recovering nylon or polyester face fibers from post-industrial and pre-consumer carpet waste.
  • US 5,535,945 discloses a process for reclaiming part of the polymeric fibers from post-consumer carpet products, which process includes shredding the post-consumer carpet into strips, dismantling the carpet strips to form a mixture of the fibers to be reclaimed and the backing material to be discarded, and then separating a substantial portion of the fibers from the backing material.
  • the carpet strips are dismantled by impacting the strips of carpeting against an anvil structure with hammer elements using a hammermill. The separation into the various constituting materials is relatively incomplete.
  • EP 3816345 (New Wave by Innovations BV) discloses a process for unravelling waste objects such as flooring material, using a chamber comprising an upright wall provided with sieve openings, and at least two upright shafts, provided with at least an arm extending transversely of the respective axis and into the chamber.
  • the arms rotate, cut a product introduced into the chamber and therewith aim to separate complex materials of which the product is made into pure waste streams.
  • the process is not very suitable to process carpet products.
  • the embedding of the lower (inner) part of the face yarns by the backing material restricts a substantial separation of these face yarns form the backing material by the simple “kitchen blender-like” technology of EP 3816345.
  • Another disadvantage of the known method is that the carpet is mostly fragmented but the different components are not significantly separated each one from the other, this being specifically a big problem in case of carpets backed with elastic layers like for dust control carpets or for loop pile carpet tiles where the yarns are substantially endless.
  • Another disadvantage when processing a carpet product is due to the presence of the sieves through which both short face yarns extracted from the carpets, the glue and small pieces of the backing are removed simultaneously from the chamber and becomes therefore mixed, whereas the sieves need regular cleaning, due to material accumulation.
  • Another disadvantage is that large carpet fragments and bundles of fiber for loop pile carpets are created and cannot be extracted from the sieves.
  • Another disadvantage is therefore that the process cannot be run continuously, but the machine has to be opened each time for the extraction of the resulting mix of materials, with significant impacts on the process costs.
  • a method for processing a carpet product comprising face yarns and a backing material embedding a lower portion of the face yarns, using an apparatus comprising a container for receiving at least a portion of said carpet product, said container comprising a bottom wall and a top wall connected by an upright wall and at least one rotary crank positioned in said container, wherein said upright wall comprises an unravelling arrangement positioned in the circumference of said rotary crank, the unravelling arrangement comprising protrusions provided on said upright wall extending into the inside of said container from said wall towards said at least one rotary crank, the method comprising feeding the at least portion of said carpet product into the container, and rotating the rotary crank to induce that the carpet product travels along the protrusions for unravelling said carpet product in a first fraction comprising at least part of the face yarns and a second fraction comprising at least part of the backing material.
  • a carpet product is a product comprising as basic constituents a primary backing, typically fibrous of nature, in which primary backing face yarns are stitched (i.e. tufted, woven or by any other means) to mechanically connect the face yarns to the primary backing, wherein the lower (inner) ends of the face yarns at the site where they are connected to the primary backing (thus opposite to the outer visible surface of the carpet) are embedded in a secondary backing (in the art typically referred to as “the backing”) to durably secure the face yarns to the carpet product.
  • the backing often consists of a heavy durable material such as a bituminous layer, a rubber layer, a thermoplastic polymer or a layer in the form of a foam, or a textile material impregnated with an adhesive.
  • a cut pile carpet product is a carpet product wherein the pile yarns are cut at the top surface, such that the yarns in fact form a loop at the backing, end two cut of ends at the upper surface of the carpet.
  • a protrusion is an extension beyond the normal surface, suggesting a thrusting or projection out of the surface so that the extension seems a deformity of the underlying surface as such.
  • a cutting edge is a sharp edge that is suitable for cutting a material by forcing the material to travel along the cutting edge in contact.
  • the sharp edge has an acute angle (thus 90" or below ), preferably below 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20" or less.
  • the BESS (Brubacher Edge Sharpness Scale) value is preferably below 2000 gram, preferably below 1000 or even below 500 gram.
  • a process that is performed semi-continuously means that the process is designed to be run in principle continuously, so no interruptions are needed to continuously run the process, but the process may be stopped or interrupted for e.g. maintenance, repair or voluntary interruption due to for example lack of input material or sufficient end material being produced.
  • the wall is impermeable for the first fraction at least adjacent the rotary crank.
  • sieves are applied at the height of the cranks, through which sieves a light fraction of a product to be processed is to be removed from the chamber.
  • a solution could be to use sieves with a smaller mesh size, but at the level where backing material no longer passes the sieves, the risk of the sieves clogging due to a build up of yarn material at the front of the sieves is high.
  • the process has to be regularly interrupted to clean the sieves. This can be prevented in the current embodiment.
  • the risk of parts of the backing travelling with the light fraction is low or even Nil, and thus, an arrangement can be used that is less prone to clogging (such as a sieve with a larger mesh size, or a simple vacuum tube, etc.).
  • the complete upright wall is impermeable for the first fraction, thus all sieves (in the wall) are dispensed with. This completely solves the issue with sieves clogging and/or parts of the backing contaminating the yarn fraction.
  • the protrusions extend into the container over a length of between 2 and 40 mm, preferably between 5 and 30 mm, such as for example between 10 and 20 mm.
  • longer protrusions may be used, for example up to a length ot 20 or even 30 cm, such as 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 10, 11 , 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 , 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, or 30 cm, a length of between 2 and 40 mm has been found ideally suitable for the processing of carpet products.
  • the first fraction is removed from the container by using a first suction unit having an entrance opening that is provided above the rotary crank, by sucking air comprising the first fraction through the entrance opening of the first suction unit, thereby removing the first fraction from the container.
  • a simply suction unit such as a suction tube above the rotary crank, the first fraction remains (almost entirely) clean of parts of the secondary backing which due to their typical weight remain at the bottom of the container, i.e. if the turbulence is kept to a low level by preventing that the cranks rotate at a very high speed.
  • the critical speed of the cranks depends on the type of carpet product (a heavier backing allows higher speeds to be used) and can be found easily by routine experimentation.
  • the entrance opening of the suction unit is at the end of a suction tube that extends from a wall of the chamber towards the centre thereof. This minimises the risk that part of the secondary backing contaminates the yarn fraction and minimises the need of controlling the speed of the cranks to adjust air turbulences.
  • the second fraction is removed from the container by using a second suction unit having an entrance opening below the rotary crank, by sucking air comprising the second fraction through the entrance opening of the second suction unit, thereby removing the second fraction from the container.
  • a second suction unit having an entrance opening below the rotary crank
  • sucking air comprising the second fraction through the entrance opening of the second suction unit, thereby removing the second fraction from the container.
  • the heavy fraction if not possible from the sieves, must be removed from the top of the container by a suction tube. This means that a very heavy turbulence is needed in the container, otherwise the heavy fraction will not travel to the top section of the chamber. Heavy turbulence however leads to a potential mixing of the different fractions which is disadvantageous for the ease of recycling.
  • the protrusions comprise a cutting arrangement, in particular a cutting edge, and the carpet product is unravelled by cutting the carpet product while travelling along the cutting arrangement.
  • the said protrusions are arranged in a row, perpendicular to the circumference direction of said container, in a row parallel to the circumference direction of said container, both perpendicular and parallel to the circumference, and/or inclined to the circumference, and optional, wherein said protrusions are arranged equidistant from each other.
  • the said unravelling arrangement is provided in said upright wall at a height of said upright wall, at least substantially, between 1/4 and 3/4 of the height of said upright wall, preferably, at least substantially, between 1/3 and 2/3 of the height of said upright wall.
  • the protrusions at a distance in the range of between 0.5 cm and 25 cm, for example between 1 cm and 20 cm or 1 and 10 cm, or between 2 cm and 5 cm. Above 25 cm the unravelling efficiency decreases to a level that disfavours economic use of the process. Below 0.5 cm, the carpet product needs to be shred to very tiny pieces before entering the chamber to prevent that the cranks block. Shredding to small pieces is energetically unfavourable and also, introduces the risk of overheating (and partly melting) the carpet product.
  • the rotary crank is in essence flat to minimise turbulence at the bottom of the container, to avoid mixing of the different parts of the unravelled carpet.
  • Flat in this sense means that the height (or thickness) is less than 15% of the highest length and width dimension (which length and width extend in a 2D plane), preferably less than 14, 13, 12, 11 , 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 or 1%.
  • two rotary cranks are positioned that are rotated in the same plane. It was found that by having two rotary cranks in the same plane, the cranks can be used to shred the carpet product into smaller pieces. This way a shredding action, if needed, can take place in whole or for a substantial part in the container itself, instead of at a remote processing station before the product is fed to the container.
  • the rotary cranks rotate in the same direction. The latter appeared to lead to an improved shredding action.
  • each protrusion in essence has the same distance to the rotary crank facing the said protrusion.
  • the process is performed semi-continuously, thus in essence continuously feeding a carpet product into the chamber (e.g. pieces of a broadloom carpet, or of mats, runners etc), and continuously removing the first and second fractions from the chamber, whereas the second fraction could be removed also in defined periods of time only.
  • a carpet product e.g. pieces of a broadloom carpet, or of mats, runners etc
  • the first and second fractions could be removed also in defined periods of time only.
  • the method may still be effective at high humidity percentages such as 50, 60, 70 w% or even higher percentages, it was found that it is advantageous that the carpet product is fed while having a humidity of at most 40 wt%, such as for example 35, 30, 25, 24, 23, 22, 21 , 20, 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11 , 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1wt% or less.
  • the carpet product is fed having a longest dimension of at most 50 cm, preferably at most 40, 30, 25, 20, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11 , 10 or less cm.
  • the carpet product is a cut pile carpet product. It was found that the present method is ideally suitable for processing a cut pile carpet, thus a carpet wherein the face yarns are cut, and not endless as is the case in woven carpets.
  • a method and arrangement for processing waste objects in general is known from EP 3816345.
  • the arrangement comprises a chamber comprising an upright wall, wherein the upright wall is provided with a plurality of sieve sections.
  • the sieve sections are distributed over the upright wall and disposed at an inclination angle with respect to the circumference direction of the chamber.
  • the arrangement furthermore comprises at least two rotary arms positioned in a lower part of the chamber.
  • a portion of waste objects, comprising a plurality of materials is ripped apart by subjecting the portion of waste objects in between the at least two rotary arms.
  • the ripped portion of waste objects are slung, by the at least two rotary arms, against the plurality of sieve sections, for separating a first stream from the ripped portion of waste objects, wherein the first stream comprises a first material of the plurality of materials.
  • the arrangement for processing waste objects may be further optimized by improving the separation of a first material from a plurality of materials, to further decrease a residual stream of first material which is not separated from the plurality of material, and which remains at the inside of the chamber, and needs to be abducted.
  • This leads to non-separable waste, that for example needs to be burned or gathered at waste deposits. Therefore, there is a need for an improved method and apparatus for processing waste objects, and more in particular, it is one of the objects of the present invention to provide for an improved method and apparatus for processing waste objects, for reducing the nonseparated waste in apparatus for processing waste objects.
  • an apparatus for processing waste objects comprising: a container, for receiving a portion of said waste objects, said container comprises an upright wall, wherein said upright wall comprises a sieve arrangement and an unravelling arrangement; at least two rotary cranks positioned in a lower part of said container, adjacent to each other and arranged for rotating in a mutual rotational plane, for ripping apart said portion of said waste objects into a ripped portion of waste objects, by subjecting said portion of said waste objects in between said at least two rotary cranks, wherein said unravelling arrangement is positioned in the circumference of said rotary cranks, for unravelling said ripped portion of waste objects into an unravelled ripped portion of waste objects, said unravelling arrangement comprising: protrusions arranged in a pattern on said upright wall and extending into the inside of said container, for unravelling said ripped portion of waste objects, wherein said sieve arrangement is positioned in the circumference of said rotary cranks, said sieve arrangement comprising: protrusions arranged in a pattern on said upright wall and extending into the inside of said
  • the waste objects processed by the apparatus according the present disclosure may comprise a plurality of materials.
  • the apparatus may thus be arranged for processing a chemical composition of the plurality of materials which can be identical or different, differ in density, differ in specific weight, and/or differ in surface/weight ratio, for example, two or more of the plurality of materials comprise mutually attached components.
  • the apparatus may be arranged or configured for the processing of multi-layer waste objects. An example of this are laminates.
  • a waste object is for example composed of one or more layers selected from plastic foil, rubber, foam, cellulose fibers and/or textile.
  • the first material of the plurality of materials comprise fibers, wherein the fibers are synthetic fibers, like polyethylene fibers, and/or natural fibers, like paper, cotton, hemp or jute.
  • the plurality of materials can comprise materials of low specific weight and a stream of components of high specific weight. Components of height specific weight, typically comprising hard plastics (PVC) and/or rubber. Components of low specific weight, typically comprising plastic foils such as polyethylene or polyethylene terephthalate foils.
  • the waste objects can comprise impurities, typically of high specific weight, such as stones and/or metal components.
  • the container comprises a bottom in the lower part of the container, for receiving a portion of the waste objects, an upright wall, and an upper part, which is either open or closable by a cover. From a top view, the container may be hexagonally shaped and/or made of steel.
  • the upright wall of the container may comprise a sieve arrangement, comprising a plurality of sieve sections, next to the unravelling arrangement that comprises a plurality of unravelling sections.
  • the upright wall comprises wall sections, wherein the wall sections are removably connected to the upright wall, each wall section comprising a sieve section and/or an unravelling section.
  • each wall section comprises a steel plate, on or into which the sieve section and/or an unravelling section is received.
  • the size of the wall section is typically, but not limited to, 200 x 200 mm.
  • the rotary cranks in particular one, two or three rotary cranks, are positioned in the lower part of the container.
  • the rotary cranks are positioned adjacent to each other and are arranged for rotating in a mutual rotational plane, at least substantially, parallel to the bottom of the container.
  • Each rotary crank is rotatably connected to an upright shaft, wherein each upright shaft extends into the container, at least substantially, parallel to the upright wall.
  • the rotary cranks extend transversely to the respective upright shaft and into the container.
  • a set of two (or more) rotary cranks is arranged for ripping apart the portion of the waste objects into a ripped portion of waste objects, by subjecting the portion of the waste objects in between the at least two rotary cranks.
  • a pair of two rotary cranks rip apart large components and friction created in between the rotary cranks rip apart various mutual attached components, such as a plurality of materials comprising fibers mutually attached to other materials, wherein the other materials comprise materials of low specific weight, such as plastic foil, and high specific weight, such as rubber.
  • each rotary cranks comprise a fixed crank element and disposable shredding tips or shredding knives.
  • the shredding tips are preferably configurable in position on the crank such that the mutual distance between the free ends of the tips of two neighboring rotary cranks can be set in the range between 1 cm and 10 cm, and preferably between 1 cm and 5 cm, whereas in the preferred configuration, the mutual distance is set at approximately 5 cm.
  • large components of mutually attached materials are ripped apart into smaller components. The longer the components of mutually attached materials are subjected in between the at least two rotary cranks, the smaller the size of the components, wherein during the ripping apart, the first material, such as fibers, is separated from the plurality of materials.
  • the unravelling arrangement is arranged for generating friction to the ripped portion of waste objects, for unravelling the ripped portion of waste objects, by slinging, by the at least two rotary cranks, the ripped portion of waste objects against the protrusions.
  • the protrusions extend into the inside of the container, such as, but no limited to, for example in the range between 5 mm and 30 mm.
  • the main function of the unravelling arrangement is to further unravel the components of mutually attached materials into smaller components of mutually attached materials, and/or to further unravel the components of mutually attached materials, for separating the first material from the plurality of materials, during the process of processing waste objects.
  • the insight created was that the process of processing waste objects is far more efficient by applying an unravelling arrangement, for additionally unravelling the ripped portion of waste objects, in addition to the rotary cranks, for ripping apart the portion of the waste objects.
  • An advantage of the apparatus according to the present invention is that the first material is separated more effectively and efficiently from the plurality of materials, in comparison to arrangements known from the state of the art, leading to less residual non-separable waste, that needs to be burned or gathered at waste deposits.
  • a further advantage of the apparatus is that energy transferred from the rotary cranks to the material is smaller than in arrangements known from the state of the art.
  • less power is required for driving the rotary cranks and less heat, generated by friction, is generated inside the container, in comparison to arrangements known from the state of the art. This results in a more energy efficient arrangement, less deterioration due the heat generated inside the container, and a more fireproof process of processing waste objects.
  • the sieve arrangement may be positioned in the circumference of the rotary cranks.
  • the sieve sections of the sieve arrangement are distributed over the upright wall and disposed at an inclination angle of preferably at most 5 degrees, with respect to the circumference direction of the container.
  • the first material such as fibers
  • the first material may be slung through the sieves of the sieve arrangement and collected outside the container, thereby separating a first stream of first material from the unravelled ripped portion of waste objects.
  • the remaining materials of the plurality of materials comprising materials of low specific weight and materials of high specific weight, remain in the inside of the container. Impurities in the waste objects, typically of high specific weight, also remain in the inside of the container.
  • the least two cranks are arranged for generating a thermal turbulence for separating further materials from said plurality of materials into a second stream of materials of low specific weight and a third stream of materials of high specific weight.
  • the third stream of materials of high specific weight can be collected at, and removed from, the bottom of the container.
  • said protrusions comprise a rod, extending into the inside of said container.
  • the rod preferably made of metal, is fixed or removably attached to the unravelling section, and extends, at least substantially, perpendicular to the upright wall into inside of the container in the range between for example 15 mm and 30 mm.
  • the rod is cylindrically shaped.
  • said protrusions comprise a welded protrusion, extending into the inside of said container. The welded protrusion is adapted for roughening the surface of the sieve section at the inside of the container, extends into the inside of the container in the range between for example 5 mm and 15 mm.
  • said protrusions comprise a cutting arrangement.
  • the protrusion is one of a knife with a cutting edge or blade, extending into the inside of the container and a rod extending into the inside of the container, wherein at least one longitudinal edge of the protrusion comprises a cutting edge or blade, wherein the cutting edge or blade is arranged for receiving the ripped portion of waste objects and wherein the cutting edge or blade is directed upstream the airflow direction, for unravelling the ripped portion of waste objects by cutting the ripped portion of waste objects into smaller components.
  • This is specifically beneficial for example for unravelling large components of high density comprised in the waste objects, for example shoes, in particular safety shoes with steel toe caps, into smaller components.
  • said protrusions are arranged in a row, perpendicular to the circumference direction of said container, in a row parallel to the circumference direction of said container, or both, and optional, wherein said protrusions are arranged equidistant from each other.
  • said unravelling arrangement comprising a plurality of unravelling sections, wherein said protrusions are removably connected to said plurality of unravelling sections and/or wherein a length of said protrusions is adjustable.
  • the unravelling arrangement is adjustable for different types of waste objects, thereby adjusting the amount of friction to the ripped portion of waste objects, wherein the number of protrusions of a respective unravelling section can be adjusted, the protrusions of a respective unravelling section can be arranged in different patterns, for example arranged in a row or in matrix, the distance between subsequent protrusions can be adjusted, and/or the length of individual protrusions can be adjusted.
  • the sieve sections and the unravelling sections can be provided in said upright wall at different locations and/or at different heights at said upright wall.
  • the unravelling arrangement may for example be provided in the corners of the container, for example in the corners of the hexagonal shaped container.
  • a sieve arrangement is provided in said upright wall at a height of said upright wall, at least substantially, between 1/4 and 3/4 of the height of said upright wall, preferably, at least substantially, between 1/3 and 2/3 of the height of said upright wall, and/or said unravelling arrangement is provided in said upright wall at a height of said upright wall, at least substantially, between 1/4 and 3/4 of the height of said upright wall, preferably, at least substantially, between 1/3 and 2/3 of the height of said upright wall.
  • said sieve has a mesh diameter in the range of between approximately 1 mm and 20 mm, for example between approximately 2 mm and 12 mm, such as between approximately 2 mm and 6 mm, such as for example approximately 2mm.
  • two of these rotary cranks are positioned at a mutual distance such that said at least two rotary cranks pass at a distance in the range of between approximately 1 cm and 25 cm, preferably between approximately 2 cm and 20 cm, more preferably between approximately 3 cm and 15 cm, and most preferably between approximately 5 cm and 10 cm. This is advantageous for effectively ripping apart the portion of waste objects.
  • said rotary cranks have a rotary frequency of in the range of between approximately 100 rpm and 3000 rpm, such as between approximately 400 rpm and 1600 rpm, in particular between approximately 800 rpm and 1200 rpm, such as for example at 900 rpm. This is advantageous for effectively ripping apart the portion of waste objects and/or for generating a turbulence by said cranks, for separating further materials of low specific weight from said plurality of materials.
  • At least one upright air guiding element is provided inside said container, for defining in cooperation with said upright wall a passage for air along said upright wall, which passage tapers in a airflow direction, wherein the airflow direction is defined as the direction of the airflow in the circumference of said at least two rotary cranks, generated by said at least two rotary cranks.
  • the at least one upright air guiding element is provided outside the rotational volumes of the at least two rotary cranks and is at least partly higher than the rotational volumes of the at least two rotary cranks.
  • the at least one upright air guiding element defines in cooperation with the upright wall a passage for air along the upright wall, which passage tapers in the flow direction. This is advantageous for guiding the ripped portion of waste objects towards the sieve arrangement and/or the unravelling arrangement and/or for guiding the unravelled ripped portion of waste objects towards the sieve arrangement and/or the unravelling arrangement.
  • said apparatus further comprising at least one motor for driving said at least two rotary cranks, and a power supply for powering said at least one motor.
  • the apparatus can comprise one motor for driving each rotary crank separately.
  • the apparatus comprises one motor for driving at least two rotary cranks, which is advantageous for the power consumption of the apparatus.
  • said apparatus further comprising an air pump for generating an airflow for removing said stream of components of low specific weight from said container.
  • the components of low specific weight swirl up in the container, and can advantageously be removed from the upper part of the container by the air pump.
  • said portion of said waste objects having a humidity of at most 40 wt%.
  • the process of processing waste objects is most effective for waste objects having a humidity of at most 40wt%. If the humidity is above 40wt%, waste object will accumulate inside the container, in particular against and around de sieve sections and the unravelling sections, which is undesirable. If the initial humidity of the waste objects is above 40wt%, then additional drying processes steps may be initiated, for example through heating, centrifuging, wringing or rolling. If the humidity of the waste objects is below 40wt%, then water may be added to control and maintain the humidity at a constant level, for example by a spray nozzle inside the container.
  • a method for processing waste objects comprising the steps of: providing said portion of said waste objects to said container; ripping apart said portion of said waste objects into a ripped portion of waste objects, by subjecting said at least portion in between said at least two rotary cranks; unravelling said ripped portion of waste objects into said unravelled ripped portion of waste objects, by said unravelling arrangement; separating a first stream from said unravelled ripped portion of waste, said first stream comprising a first material of said plurality of materials, by slinging said unravelled and ripped portion of waste objects against said plurality of sieve arrangements.
  • the method further comprising the step of: separating further materials from said plurality of materials into a second stream of materials of low specific weight and a third stream of materials of high specific weight, by generating a thermal turbulence by said at least two cranks.
  • Fig. 1 shows a top view of an embodiment of an apparatus for processing carpet waste.
  • Fig. 2 shows a side view of the apparatus of Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 3A and 3B show different embodiments of an unravelling section.
  • Fig. 4A through D show different arrangements for protrusions.
  • Fig. 5A through D show different forms of protrusions with a sharp edge.
  • Fig. 6A and B show side views of two apparatuses with partly closed upright walls.
  • Fig. 7A and B show side views of two apparatuses with completely closed upright walls.
  • Fig. 8A and B shows side views of two mono crank apparatuses with completely closed upright walls.
  • Fig. 9 shows an embodiment of a method of processing a carpet product.
  • Example 1 describes various tests for processing a carpet product.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a top view and side view respectively, of an embodiment of an apparatus 100 for processing a waste carpet product.
  • the basic arrangement is known from EP 3816345 and comprises a container 101 comprising an upright wall 103, in this particular embodiment provided with a sieve arrangement 105 positioned in the circumference of two rotary cranks 111’,111”.
  • the sieve arrangement 105 comprises sieve sections 105’ provided with sieves with a mesh diameter of for example 2 mm, which are selected depending on the type of carpet product to be processed (cut pile or loop pile, length of face yarns, type of backing material, type of primary backing etc.).
  • the sieve sections 105’ are distributed over the upright wall 103 and disposed at an inclination angle of 4 degrees with respect to the circumference direction of the container 101.
  • Each sieve section 105’ comprises a downstream part, downstream to the airflow direction D, and an upstream part, upstream to the airflow direction D, wherein the downstream edge of the respective sieve section extends more into the inside of the container 103 than the upstream edge of the respective sieve section 105’.
  • the upright wall 103 further comprises an unravelling arrangement 107 positioned in the circumference of the two rotary cranks 111’, 111”.
  • the unravelling arrangement 107 comprises unravelling sections 107’ provided with protrusions 109.
  • the type, length and pattern of the protrusion 109 on a respective unravelling section 107’ is also dependent on the type of carpet product to be processed.
  • the protrusions 109 are cylindrical shaped metal rods of length 20 mm extending into the inside of the container 101 , arranged in a matrix pattern.
  • the sieve section 105’ and the unravelling section 107’ are provided in or on a metal wall plate of dimensions 200 x 200 mm, and are removably attached to the upright wall 103.
  • Both the sieve section 105’ and the unravelling section 107’ can easily be replaced or reordered, dependent on the type of waste object to be processed. Furthermore, the protrusions are removably connected to the unravelling sections and the length of the protrusions is adjustable.
  • a portion of waste objects (such as coarsely shredded broadloom carpet) is supplied, either continuously or phased, via the upper part of the container 101 to the lower part of the container 101 , for example using one or more conveyor belts located above theca container 101.
  • the pieces of carpets are pre-cut in pieces of approximately 0,1 to 0,5 m2, such that the pieces of carpet can easily be supplied to the apparatus 100.
  • the carpets comprise an upper layer of cut pile face yarns, securely connected using a secondary (heavy weight) like a bituminous backing or a rubber layer embedding the lower part of the yarns (facing away from the upper surface), stitched in a textile sheeting used as primary backing. If post-consumer carpet product is processed, the product may comprise impurities, such as dust, or even small stones, metal components, and plastic foil.
  • the container 101 is provided with two upright shafts 109’, 109”.
  • a first upright shaft 109' is provided with a rotary crank 11 T having distal ends 113'.
  • a second upright shaft 109" is provided with a rotary crank 111" having distal end 113".
  • the distal ends 113’, 113” comprise a fixed crank element and disposable shredding tips or shredding knives.
  • the upright shafts 109', 109" are driven by motors 121 , and are both rotating in the same direction, in this embodiment counterclockwise as seen from above, thereby defining an airflow direction D at the circumference of the upper wall 103.
  • the distal ends 113', 113" of two rotary arms 11 T, 111" simultaneously pass a line extending between the two upright shafts 109’, 109” for ripping apart the pieces of carpets, introduced into the lower part of the container 101 , into a ripped portion of carpets.
  • Both rotary cranks 111’, 111” define a rotational volume.
  • Two upright air guiding elements 115 are provided above the said rotational volumes of the rotary cranks 111’,111”.
  • the upright air guiding elements 115 have a conical profile with rounded ends in order to prevent material from sticking to the upright air guiding element 115 instead of being discharged from the container 101 .
  • the upright air guiding element 115 defines in cooperation with said upright wall 103 a passage 117 for air along the upright wall 103, which passage 117 tapers in the airflow direction D.
  • the ripped portion of carpets are slung, by the two rotary cranks 11 T, 111”, against the sieve arrangement 105 and the unravelling arrangement 107. Fibers that are already separated from the carpets are slung through the sieve openings of the sieve arrangement 105 and are discharged by screw conveyors 123. Pieces of carpets from which the fibers have not yet been separated, are slung against the protrusions 107’ of the unravelling arrangement 107, for further unravelling of the fibers from the carpets.
  • the unravelled ripped portion of carpets is further ripped apart by subjecting the unravelled ripped portion of carpets in between the two rotary cranks 11 T, 111” and by slinging the unravelled ripped portion of carpets, by the two rotary cranks 111’, 111”, against the unravelling arrangement 107, thereby ripping and unravelling the unravelled ripped portion of carpets in smaller portions and separating the fibres (the yarns) from the carpets.
  • the upright air guiding element 115 guides the unravelled ripped portion of carpets towards the sieve arrangement 105 and the unravelling arrangement, wherein eventually the fibres are separated from the carpets and are slung through the sieve openings of the sieve arrangement 105.
  • Materials of high specific weight in particular the backing, stones and metal components, remain at the bottom of the container 101 and can be discharged from the container 101 after finishing the process of processing the waste objects.
  • the bottom can be cleared form these materials using a suction arrangement as will be explained in the further examples.
  • Materials of low specific weight, in particular plastic foil swirls up in the container 101 due to the thermal turbulence generated by the two rotary cranks 11 T, 111” and by heat generated in the container 101 and can be discharged from the upper part of the container 101 using air pump 125.
  • Figure 3A shows an embodiment of an unravelling section, comprising two cylindrically shaped metal rods 109, adjustable attached to the metal plate of the unravelling section 107’.
  • the two rods are adjustable in length by a rod receiving arrangement 127.
  • the rod 109 is displaced inside the rod receiving arrangement 127, thereby reducing the length of the rod 109 extending into the inside of the container 101.
  • the screw 129 counterclockwise, the rod 109 is displaced outside the rod receiving arrangement 127, thereby increasing the length of the rod 109 extending into the inside of the container 101.
  • Figure 3B shows another embodiment of an unravelling section, comprising two knives 109 with a cutting edge, extending into the inside of the container 101 , wherein the cutting edge of the knife 109 is positioned upstream of the airflow D and arranged for receiving the ripped portion of waste objects, for unravelling the ripped portion of waste objects by cutting the ripped portion of waste objects into smaller components.
  • Fig. 4A through D show various unravelling sections 107 with different arrangements for protrusions 109.
  • the protrusions are in the form of elongated triangles (see figure 5A) with a sharpened upper edge, which run in parallel in vertical direction.
  • the protrusions in figure 4B are smaller elongated triangles (see figure 5B for their form) arranged in an inclined direction.
  • the protrusions of figure 4C (see figure 5C for their form) are inclined in a different direction when compared with figure 4B.
  • Those of figure 5D run in the same upward direction as the protrusions of figure 4B, but are however longer (see figure 5D for their form).
  • Fig. 5A through D show the different forms of the protrusions of figure 4, each protrusion having at least one sharp edge 190.
  • the figures are top views of the elongated protrusion in their length direction (this way showing cross sections of each of the protrusions 109 as present on sections 107).
  • Figure 5C shows a protrusion with two sharp edges 190.
  • FIG. 6A and B show side views of two apparatuses 100 with partly closed upright walls 103. Also, a hopper 130 is shown in each case, for feeding carpet product to the central container.
  • the upper section of wall 103 has sieve sections 105. The lower part of the wall is closed and therewith impermeable impermeable for the yarn containing (first) fraction. This yarn containing fraction removed from the container by using suction unit 132. The second fraction containing the heavy backing particles remains on the bottom of the apparatus and is removed by suction unit 131.
  • Figure 6B shows an apparatus 100 that is in essence the same as that of figure 6A, albeit that the suction unit 132 now emerges from the top, instead of a side wall 103.
  • FIG. 7A and B show side views of two apparatuses with completely closed upright walls. These apparatuses are in fact almost the same as those depicted in figure 6A and 6B, differing only in that the upright walls 103 are completely closed, thus impermeable over their entire height for the first fraction containing the yarns of the processed carpet.
  • Fig. 8A and B shows side views of two mono crank apparatuses with completely closed upright walls, comparable to the apparatus as shown in figures 7A and 7B.
  • the apparatuses of figure 8A and B differ in that these are mono crank apparatuses.
  • the pieces of carpets that are fed via hopper 130 preferably have relatively small dimensions (e.g. between 2-5 cm in length) in order to keep the time needed to process the products low.
  • Figure 9 shows an embodiment of a method 200 of processing a waste carpet product according to the second aspect of the present disclosure.
  • the method 200 of processing the carpet product uses the apparatus 100 as described above with regard to figure 7B and comprises the steps of providing pieces of said waste carpet (having dimensions of about 15 x 15 cm) to the container 101 in step 201 via hopper 130. Then, in step 203, ripping apart the pieces of carpet into a ripped portion of carpet having smaller dimensions, by subjecting the carpet portions in between the two rotary cranks 11 T, 111”. Then, in step 205, unravelling the ripped portion of waste carpet into the unravelled ripped portion of said carpet, by the unravelling arrangement 107. And then in step 207, separating a first stream (i.e.
  • step 209 separating a second stream of materials of high specific weight (i.e. the second fraction), by sucking this heavy fraction form the bottom through suction unit 131.
  • Example 1
  • the dust control mat used for the experiments comprised as a primary backing a textile sheeting of non-woven PET (polyester), a cut pile of nylon yarns, and a rubber secondary backing embedding the primary backing and the pile yarns stitched therein by tufting.
  • the rubber layer of the mat is a relatively dense layer having a weight of about 1 ,65kg/m2, which was made using a standard vulcanized Nitrile- Rubber compound (about 50% NBR rubber, 35% carbon black and 15% plasticizers, Zinc Oxide and other components).
  • the primary backing was a 125g/m2 non-woven PET sheeting, having tufted therein a nylon 675g/m2 cut pile of the velour type. This means that about 67% of the dust control mats was made out of the rubber compound, while the textile part was the remaining 33%.
  • the quality of the separation process was evaluated by the measurement of the weight of the textile part separated and freed from the rubber by the processing in the unravelling apparatus. This was rated in the different output streams, from the suction units and from the sieves. Finally, also the part remaining inside the central container (also referred to as the “chamber”) was evaluated accordingly. In case some rubber pieces were also present in the fraction containing the yarns (also referred to as the “textile fluff”), a post unravelling separation was performed using a state-of-the art cyclone to evaluate the quality of the test.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Carpets (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de traitement d'un produit de tapis comprenant des fils de face et un matériau de support incorporant une partie inférieure des fils de face, à l'aide d'un appareil comprenant un contenant pour recevoir au moins une partie dudit produit de tapis, ledit contenant comprenant une paroi inférieure et une paroi supérieure reliées par une paroi verticale et au moins une manivelle rotative positionnée dans ledit contenant, ladite paroi verticale comprenant un agencement d'effilochage positionné dans la circonférence de ladite manivelle rotative, l'agencement d'effilochage comprenant des saillies disposées sur ladite paroi verticale s'étendant à l'intérieur dudit contenant à partir de ladite paroi vers ladite manivelle rotative, le procédé comprenant l'alimentation de ladite partie dudit produit de tapis dans le contenant, la rotation de la manivelle rotative pour induire que la ou les parties du produit de tapis se déplacent le long des saillies pour dérouler ledit produit de tapis dans une première fraction comprenant au moins une partie des fils de face et une seconde fraction comprenant au moins une partie du matériau de support.
EP23750542.5A 2022-09-21 2023-07-17 Procédé de traitement de déchets de tapis Pending EP4590891A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/NL2022/050530 WO2024063639A1 (fr) 2022-09-21 2022-09-21 Appareil un procédé de traitement des déchets
PCT/EP2023/069766 WO2024061510A1 (fr) 2022-09-21 2023-07-17 Procédé de traitement de déchets de tapis

Publications (1)

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EP4590891A1 true EP4590891A1 (fr) 2025-07-30

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EP (1) EP4590891A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2025531358A (fr)
CN (1) CN119948222A (fr)
AU (1) AU2023345770A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA3266762A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2025003322A (fr)
WO (2) WO2024063639A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4440635A (en) * 1979-03-29 1984-04-03 Haigh M. Reiniger Process and apparatus for the recovery of cellulose fibers from paper-plastic mixtures
EP0604897A1 (fr) 1992-12-28 1994-07-06 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Tapis contenant une couche de polyester thermofusible
US5535945A (en) 1995-02-27 1996-07-16 Basf Corportion Carpet recycling process and system
US6752336B1 (en) 2002-06-05 2004-06-22 Wellman, Inc. Carpet recycling method
NL1026245C2 (nl) 2004-05-21 2005-11-22 Klieverik Heli Bv Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van tapijt.
CN103298994B (zh) 2010-12-06 2016-03-23 阿盖恩Ip有限责任公司 生产绒毛类纺织品的方法和由该方法获得的纺织品
US9284431B2 (en) 2012-02-14 2016-03-15 Clariant International Ltd. Method for recycling floor coverings
WO2014198731A1 (fr) 2013-06-10 2014-12-18 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Procédé permettant de produire des produits textiles, produits obtenus à partir de ce dernier, et procédé permettant de mettre en valeur les produits
US11364661B2 (en) * 2016-04-20 2022-06-21 Broadview Group International, Llc Processes and structures for recycling carpet and products of such processes
US10632728B2 (en) 2016-08-25 2020-04-28 Dennis Martin Collins Separating polymer from composite structures
EP3305839A1 (fr) 2016-10-10 2018-04-11 Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Angewand Procédé de recyclage de déchets contenant des polyoléfines
ES2945587T3 (es) 2019-11-01 2023-07-04 New Wave By Innovations B V Método y dispositivo de procesamiento de objetos de desecho

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MX2025003322A (es) 2025-07-01
CN119948222A (zh) 2025-05-06
WO2024063639A1 (fr) 2024-03-28
AU2023345770A1 (en) 2025-03-13
WO2024061510A1 (fr) 2024-03-28
CA3266762A1 (fr) 2024-03-28
JP2025531358A (ja) 2025-09-19

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