EP4604875A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung einer zahnprothese - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung einer zahnprotheseInfo
- Publication number
- EP4604875A1 EP4604875A1 EP23798663.3A EP23798663A EP4604875A1 EP 4604875 A1 EP4604875 A1 EP 4604875A1 EP 23798663 A EP23798663 A EP 23798663A EP 4604875 A1 EP4604875 A1 EP 4604875A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- intermediate body
- matrix
- cap
- patient
- male
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/225—Fastening prostheses in the mouth
- A61C13/265—Sliding or snap attachments
- A61C13/2656—Snap attachments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/225—Fastening prostheses in the mouth
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/0003—Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
- A61C13/0004—Computer-assisted sizing or machining of dental prostheses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C9/00—Impression cups, i.e. impression trays; Impression methods
- A61C9/004—Means or methods for taking digitized impressions
- A61C9/0046—Data acquisition means or methods
- A61C9/0053—Optical means or methods, e.g. scanning the teeth by a laser or light beam
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a dental prosthesis which is provided with a number of matrix elements corresponding to each of the matrix elements for removable fixation to a number of teeth, each crowned with a male element, in the mouth of a patient.
- the lost teeth can also be replaced using endosseous implants.
- Thread-shaped pins are usually used as artificial tooth roots, onto which the prosthetics can be anchored. This anchoring can also be fixed (screwed, cemented or glued) or removable. In the case of anchors in removable solutions, the adhesive forces that hold the prosthesis in position are usually based on a negative pressure effect, friction and/or retention.
- so-called telescopic systems can be used, in which a dental prosthesis is removably attached to so-called telescopic crowns.
- These telescopic crowns are double crowns in which a "lower” or base crown, also known as a “primary crown”, in particular a male element, is firmly attached to a suitably prepared, e.g. ground, tooth in the manner of a conventional crown.
- this male element forms a contact pin to which an "upper” crown segment or matrix element, also known as a "secondary crown”, can be attached, for example clicked or plugged on, in a detachable or removable manner.
- the crown segments thus form a type of matrix-male system.
- the upper crown segment which forms the matrix, then serves as a support for the prosthetics, whereby the entire dental prosthesis can be removed thanks to the detachable connection of the crown segments to one another.
- Parallel or conical telescopes are common and can be cast, milled or designed as gold-plated prostheses.
- the patient's oral situation is usually recorded in a first step, for example by taking an impression with suitable impression material.
- the oral situation is then usually transferred to a physical model, such as plaster, or a virtual model.
- the dental technician can then produce the prosthetics according to the situation and requirements, so that they can later be inserted into the patient's mouth as precisely as possible.
- the accuracy of fit is a very important factor here, since a high level of fit is a prerequisite for the prosthesis to fit firmly in the patient's mouth, for example.
- a high level of fit naturally also means that the patient is very comfortable to wear, so that they can feel as comfortable as possible with the prosthesis.
- the matrices anchored in the prosthesis can be cemented or glued in the patient's mouth to avoid inaccuracies in the fit.
- this involves more effort and correspondingly higher costs.
- the high cost is justified as follows:
- the dentist takes an impression of the patient's situation.
- the dental technician creates a patient model.
- the patrices are acquired or bought, particularly on natural teeth using the CAD-Cam process (or cast earlier).
- the matrices are then made or bought prefabricated on implants.
- a metal framework is then made.
- the ensemble is then sent to the dentist.
- the dentist fixes (screws, glues or cements) the patrice elements. on the teeth. He then glues or cements the matrix elements into the framework.
- the ensemble is then sent back to the dental technician so that he can create the finished prosthesis on the framework. Only then is the prosthesis ready and can it be finally integrated into the patient.
- the advantage is that the inaccuracies in the fit of the usually 4 matrix-pattern systems can be minimized to a large extent by transferring the model from the patient.
- the idea is that a high degree of accuracy of fit of the prosthetics in the patient's mouth can be achieved by only adjusting the components used to form the prosthetics relatively roughly to the patient's oral situation during the preparation phase, with the final adjustment and fine-tuning only taking place during insertion into the patient's mouth and in response to the resulting restoring forces and the like.
- one of the components i.e. the matrix or the patrix
- the patrix or preferably the matrix is designed in several parts in such a way that a first part - in this case the outer cap of the matrix - can already be firmly mounted on the denture during preparation.
- the inner cap of the matrix can be connected to its outer cap via an intermediate body which, according to the concept of the invention During or immediately after insertion, the material gradually solidifies from an initially malleable state. Solidification should take place during insertion so that influences from the oral environment can be taken into account and the components can automatically align themselves in an optimized manner in response to the oral situation. After solidification, the optimized alignment of the components should be suitably fixed.
- the inner cap could be connected to the outer cap via a cement or adhesive connection which, with sufficient volume for the cement or adhesive, offers sufficient scope for optimizing the positioning and alignment of the components while the cement or adhesive is in the solidification phase.
- the intermediate body can be made from a thermoplastic material. Before insertion, the intermediate body can be heated up to a certain extent so that it softens to a certain extent and thus becomes malleable. Insertion can then be carried out in this state so that the inner and outer caps are aligned to one another according to the fine details of the oral situation. When it cools, the intermediate body then solidifies again while retaining this geometry so that the desired optimization in positioning is appropriately fixed.
- the patrix is formed by a cap fixed on a natural tooth.
- the die is made up of several parts and comprises an outer and an inner cap, between which a deformable, preferably thermoplastic intermediate body is arranged
- the prepared tooth determines the cross-section and the functional height.
- the preparation angle is advantageously 1° to 6°, particularly preferably 2° to 4°
- the patrix as a cap on a natural tooth is preferably made of titanium or titanium alloy, zirconium or zirconium alloy, tantalum or tantalum alloy, a non-precious metal or a ceramic based on zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and or aluminum oxide (AI2O3) and or a silicate ceramic or an alloy of the metals or a mixture of the ceramics
- Adhesion / adhesive force between male and female is based on a conical design (2° - 10° ; 2° - 8° ; 4° - 6°) via suction effect and additional retention by means of at least one circular undercut
- the undercut is cut into the cone of the body part as a circumferential bead and preferably as a circumferential groove
- the undercut is placed in the conical area. Preferably it is positioned in the apical half, the apical third or the apical quarter of the conical part.
- the matrix element is designed according to one aspect of the invention:
- the inner cap facing the prosthesis can be easily cemented / bonded to it - and is mechanically stronger than the other two plastics
- - Preferably made of titanium, zirconium, tantalum, an alloy of at least one of the metals.
- the inner cap of the matrix element should be able to be tilted or moved relative to the outer cap during the final alignment, i.e. during the curing of the thermoplastic intermediate body.
- the inner cap is made of a plastic, preferably a high-performance plastic.
- this plastic should have its softening temperature significantly above the softening temperature of the thermoplastic intermediate body, preferably 20, 25, or even 50% higher.
- the plastic forming the inner cap should have a comparatively high abrasion resistance and mechanical strength, so that repeated removal and reinsertion of the telescopic crown is possible even without significant wear of these components.
- the inner cap is particularly preferably made of PEEK or a comparable plastic.
- thermoplastic intermediate body provided according to this improvement can also be designed in the form of a layer, i.e. as a thermoplastic layer.
- thermoplastic layer can compensate for the inaccuracy of fit between the patient situation and the model situation at the dental technician's.
- Providing the natural teeth intended as supporting pillars for the prosthetics with appropriate patrices or prefabricated patrice caps is fundamentally a very big challenge.
- the practitioner has to prepare the tooth stumps in order to be able to use them as supporting pillars. To do this, it would be necessary to first prepare the teeth in such a way that a prefabricated patrice cap can be fixed in place with a precise fit.
- the height, cone angle and cross-section of the ground tooth, and therefore the tooth as a whole, would have to be adjusted as precisely as possible to the inner lumen of the patrice cap.
- the intended insertion angle of the prosthesis would also have to be taken into account when attaching the prosthesis to the supporting pillars. This is particularly important because three to eight (preferably four to six) supporting pillars would have to be prepared in such a way that the prosthesis can be inserted without tension after the patrice caps have been fixed.
- a virtual library of patrice designs is provided in the form of basic types, which includes ground abutments in the corresponding regions (front tooth, canine tooth, posterior tooth, upper jaw and lower jaw). It is advantageous if there are preferably a number of dimensions of the patrice dimensions per region.
- the practitioner now only has to prepare the tooth stumps in such a way that one of the virtually provided library patrice caps with a sufficient material thickness would fit over this ground tooth stump. In a CAD-CAM process, it is then possible to position the patrice caps of all abutments on the ground tooth stumps in optimal alignment with one another and to manufacture them accordingly.
- the practitioner scans the teeth intended as support pillars in advance, if possible using an intraoral scanner (alternatively, a situation model could be created using a classic impression, which is then digitized using a scanner).
- the entire jaw is scanned.
- a software then calculates for which male caps (for which prefabricated matrices should then be available) the practitioner has to remove the least amount of tooth hard substance, i.e. grind the tooth or stump the least. If a complete intraoral scan is available, the software can also take into account the optimized insertion direction in the sense mentioned above.
- the practitioner is then shown on a screen in the program at which Tooth or stump how much he needs to remove, grind or grind away. The practitioner can now begin grinding.
- the practitioner can perform another intraoral scan after completing the first grinding process. This time it is only necessary to capture the ground tooth and the immediate surroundings in order to be able to make a statement about the shape achieved. If this is not sufficient, the software will display this and prompt you to perform another and complete jaw scan. In this way, the practitioner can grind the teeth or stumps iteratively until the preparations have a dimension so that the corresponding male cap with its minimum wall thickness fits on the tooth stump.
- the exchange of information during grinding i.e. where and how much needs to be removed or ground away, can also be carried out using other preparation testing techniques. It is particularly worth mentioning here that there are methods that record not only the oral situation but also the position of the contra-angle including the grinding tool and can therefore even record the change in shape of the tooth or tooth stump during the preparation of the tooth. This is displayed to the practitioner on a monitor so that the preparation step can be optimized in terms of time. A new scan of the tooth or tooth stump is therefore only necessary after the preparation has been completed for the final check.
- male parts can of course also be made from a metal (titanium, zirconium, tantalum or an alloy with a main component of one of the metals), a non-precious metal alloy (e.g. chromium-cobalt-molybdenum) or a precious metal alloy.
- a metal titanium, zirconium, tantalum or an alloy with a main component of one of the metals
- a non-precious metal alloy e.g. chromium-cobalt-molybdenum
- Other machining processes or additive processes, such as laser sintering or similar processes are also suitable for production.
- a CT scan, a DVT or another 3-dimensional recording system eg MRI
- this data can be superimposed on the intraoral scan in order to avoid the removal of hard tooth substance required for the placement of the male cap being so large that the root canal is perforated. This would be a significant damage to the tooth, which would require root canal treatment.
- the dental technician can then complete the entire prosthesis on his model.
- the finished prosthesis can deviate from the actual patient situation in the positions of the male parts relative to the female parts in the range of, for example, 50pm to, for example, 250pm.
- the introduction of the thermoplastic layer or the thermoplastic intermediate body provided according to one aspect of the invention is able to compensate for this.
- the thermoplastic layer should preferably have a corresponding thickness of at least 250pm around the layer surrounding the male part. When inserting it into the patient's mouth, the thermoplastic layer is thermally brought above the softening point or the softening interval so that it is deformable.
- the matrices "floating" in the softened thermoplastic layer or the softened thermoplastic intermediate body align themselves exactly with the male parts. After cooling, the thermoplastic layer is solid again and the aligned positions of the matrices are retained. This process can be repeated several times if required, even after a longer period of wear.
- the patrix designs to be used later were preferably determined during the grinding of the tooth stumps in a development of the method that was considered to be independently inventive.
- CAD existing male designs in CAD for which corresponding matrices are available are selected. These are aligned for an optimized insertion direction of the finished prosthesis or prosthetics based on the data of the oral situation recorded via the intraoral scanner (remaining teeth, mucous membrane, opposing jaw) and brought into line with the ground tooth stump. From this, the cap to be manufactured is planned and manufactured, which forms a matrix opposite the tooth stump and represents a male opposite the prosthesis or prosthetics, which is immersed in the matrix of the detachable connection to the prosthesis or prosthetics.
- one of the three embodiments described below can be used for the dental technical process in the laboratory:
- caps After the caps have been manufactured, they are temporarily attached to the tooth stumps of the physical master model (plaster model, printed plastic model, etc.). The matrix elements are then attached to the primary crowns. The prosthesis is then planned, designed and manufactured on these. Finally, the manufactured prosthesis or prosthetics are finally glued or cemented to the matrix elements, preferably on the master model.
- the physical master model plaster model, printed plastic model, etc.
- the corresponding prefabricated primary crowns are integrated into a printed master model.
- the matrix elements are then attached to the primary crowns.
- the prosthesis is then planned, designed and manufactured on these.
- the manufactured prosthesis or prosthetics are finally glued or cemented to the matrix elements, preferably on the master model.
- the primary crowns are manufactured and glued or cemented before the master model is created.
- the primary crowns are manufactured directly by the dentist (“chairside”) or in a nearby dental laboratory and glued or cemented in the same session.
- An intraoral scan or classic impression can then be taken, preferably with appropriate impression caps on the primary crowns.
- a master model plaster model
- the matrix elements are then attached to the primary crowns.
- the prosthesis is then planned, prepared and manufactured on these. Finally, the manufactured prosthesis or prosthetics is finally glued or cemented to the matrix elements, preferably on the master model.
- the thermoplastic layer or the thermoplastic intermediate body is made of thermoplastic elastomer or thermoplastic silicone.
- the advantage is that the retention function can be adjusted more easily in terms of force as a snap closure. Furthermore, an elastomer layer will not fatigue as quickly and its adhesive force will not be reduced. In addition, this also helps to minimize wear in the matrix-matrix system.
- the simplest cross-sectional shape for the male-matrix system is considered to be a round cross-section. However, depending on the force transmission area required, an oval design (elliptical, trioval, quadoval) may also be preferred. With a round cross-section, the space required increases with increasing diameter in the cross-section.
- the prosthesis fixed to the matrix-male system is also spatially limited in its ability to integrate the matrix, particularly in the buccal-palatal or buccal-lingual plane. In contrast, there is more space in the mesio-distal extension, since the dental arch runs in this direction.
- oval designs can therefore be useful according to one aspect of the invention, since these would allow a larger force transmission area, friction area and retention area.
- the radii of the cross sections should preferably remain as oval as possible and should not have any corners, straight sections or concave curved areas.
- radii smaller than 1.0 mm and especially smaller than 0.5 mm are unsuitable, as greater wear can be expected in the event of retention.
- Natural teeth are usually not round in cross-section, but oval. This means that a ground tooth does not have a round cross-section and, consequently, a round patrice design is rarely suitable.
- oval/elliptical shapes can be used in the front teeth area, trioval in the canines and Quadoval cross-sections are more advantageous and suitable for the posterior tooth area. These can of course also have partially straight or concave areas.
- retention provided by geometry is primarily provided in a mesio-distal orientation so that the caps on the stumps/pillars can be designed with comparatively thin walls in the buccal-palatal or buccal-lingual plane.
- the space required for the retention elements in the male part preferably consists of a notched groove, which is then preferably only designed in the front and rear areas where there is sufficient space. Accordingly, round or oval retentions are preferred as shapes/designs in the female-male part system for retention, if possible all the way around, but not necessarily all the way around, especially in the case of non-round cross-sections.
- the thermoplastic intermediate piece when using the telescopic crowns, is heated to a temperature above the softening temperature immediately before being inserted into the patient's mouth for the purpose of adjustment and position optimization, so that it becomes correspondingly deformable.
- a heating device is provided for this purpose, which is provided with a number of heatable contact plugs in a heating area, the outer contour of which is adapted to the contour of the male parts of the telescopic system. This means that such a contact plug can be plugged into the associated female part instead of the actual male part. The respective female part can then be plugged onto one of these contact plugs for heating, and the thermoplastic intermediate body of the female part can then be heated to a temperature above its softening temperature by heating the contact plug.
- the softening temperature of the thermoplastic layer or the thermoplastic intermediate body is selected, in particular by suitable choice of material, above about 135°C. This is the temperature of common and usual autoclaves, with which, for example, prostheses are autoclaved in preparation for use or for disinfection.
- the material parameters of the intermediate body are chosen in such a way that at the usual temperatures during such an autoclaving, thermoplastic softening does not occur, so that even during such an autoclaving the position of the inner cap facing the male part does not change relative to the position of the outer cap facing the denture and the position previously introduced according to the concept of the invention is not changed even during autoclaving.
- the lowest acceptable softening temperature in this sense for the material of the intermediate body should therefore preferably be in the range 70°C - 80°C. These are temperatures which a patient is unlikely to reach even when cleaning his dentures using the home water tap, so that deposition of the inner cap facing the male part due to deformation of the intermediate body in daily use can be ruled out.
- the softening temperature is preferably chosen to be relatively low.
- the heat capacity of the thermoplastic material forming the intermediate body should be relatively low, which is certainly the case due to the low thickness of the three-layer system.
- the entire prosthesis In order to reach the softening temperature and avoid too rapid cooling before the final positioning of the inner cap facing the male part, it would be desirable to heat the entire prosthesis to the specified temperature. However, this is rather unsuitable for the intended treatment, as this would mean that the prosthesis would be inserted into the patient's mouth at at least 70°C - 80°C. Even at a temperature above 40°C - 50°C, the patient would certainly experience severe pain, and above this, burns could even be expected. For this reason, according to one aspect of the invention, only the intermediate body or the two- or three-layer system of the male part forming it is heated accordingly.
- the heating should take place via the inner cap facing the male part.
- the heating device described above is particularly advantageous, which has a heating element, preferably an electric heating element, which is geometrically adapted to the shape of the female part and can thus be inserted into it.
- Telescopic prostheses usually have two to six and preferably four abutments, each with one of the male-female connections mentioned.
- the heating device is therefore preferably equipped with a plurality of, preferably six, of the heating elements mentioned. elements or contact plugs so that all matrix elements of a dental prosthesis can be heated simultaneously and thus prepared for insertion.
- heating bodies or heating male molds are preferably made of a metal, preferably with high thermal conductivity, in particular gold, for optimized heat dissipation. They are preferably designed to be as geometrically identical as possible to the actual male molds. Small grooves in the axial direction can be provided to make removal easier, so that no negative pressure can form when removing them after heating. If the thermoplastic layers are heated, removing them could damage them if negative pressure is present. Furthermore, a handle is preferably formed behind the actual heating male mold so that the heating male molds can be easily inserted into the matrices and removed again.
- the heating male parts are preferably connected to a central temperature control unit via cable connections.
- This preferably contains four or six connections in order to be able to control four or six heating male parts at the same time.
- a unit could also be provided with a larger number of connections, for example 6, 8 or 10.
- the heating male parts are preferably provided directly with a cable, but are connected in the direction of the control unit via a removable plug.
- the heating elements are equipped with batteries that are only placed in a charging station. In this case, the temperature control unit is integrated into the heating elements.
- a ceramic can be used as the material for the male part.
- Ceramic is particularly suitable as a male part material for aesthetic reasons. For example, the patient usually feels more comfortable when removing a prosthesis if the supporting pillars are tooth-colored rather than metal-colored. Metals are also good conductors of heat. If the thermoplastic layer or the thermoplastic intermediate body is heated to compensate for the accuracy of fit, this heat is also transferred to the male part when it cools down. In addition, with natural teeth there is a risk that the heat will be transferred to teeth that are still vital and that the dental nerve will be damaged.
- thermoplastic layer and the male part are preferably chosen to be rather low, but at present possible damage cannot be completely ruled out. Consequently, materials with a relatively low thermal conductivity are particularly suitable as male part material.
- Metal veneers made of plastic or ceramic are preferred.
- metallic particles can be embedded in the thermoplastic intermediate body.
- the intended heating up to the point of softening of the thermoplastic layer can then be achieved by induction and thus possibly without contact.
- thermoplastic intermediate body can be embedded in the thermoplastic intermediate body.
- the intended heating can then be carried out, in particular by generating friction, with an alternating magnetic field and thus also without contact.
- the inner cap facing the male part can be designed to be "floating" in the patient's mouth before it is inserted, ie instead of the thermoplastic intermediate body, a cavity can initially be provided between the inner and outer caps.
- the dental technician then creates an access channel, which is filled by the dentist with an adhesive or elastomer or thermoplastic material or the like during insertion.
- the matrix designed according to the concept of the invention is essentially to be regarded as a three-component component (or, viewed in cross-section, as a three-layer system) which comprises the components inner cap, outer cap and intermediate body arranged between them.
- a further, i.e. fourth, component or layer can also be provided.
- an outer fourth layer or component can be provided as the fourth layer, which in turn surrounds the outer cap on the outside and enables a detachable connection of the matrix element to the prosthesis or denture. This makes it possible to mechanically mount the matrix element on the prosthesis or denture and to easily dismantle it again without causing any damage.
- the multi-part matrix element can have an intermediate body made of light-curing plastic instead of or in addition to the thermoplastic intermediate body.
- This could, for example, be incorporated in an uncured, i.e. still deformable, state according to the procedure described above, so that the inner and outer caps of the matrix can be suitably aligned with one another. After this has taken place, the intermediate body could, for example, be cured using UV light, so that the recorded position is fixed.
- the advantages achieved with the invention are in particular that completely prefabricated matrix-pattern systems can be produced on natural teeth in the manner according to the invention, in particular with a matrix that is produced in a CAD-Cam process made of metal and preferably of ceramic. Furthermore, this makes it possible to provide a system with a reproducible adhesive force that is hardly dependent on the chewing force.
- the system has very little wear, particularly due to the extremely high level of accuracy that can be achieved. Highly precise fits can be achieved for high wearing and chewing comfort, and handling is simple and uncomplicated, ie the dental technician can fix the matrix in the prosthesis with minimal inaccuracy of fit in the patient's mouth. Furthermore, the system has a particularly small space requirement.
- FIG. 5 the matrix element of the telescopic crown FIG. 3 in exploded view in longitudinal section
- FIG. 6 shows a male element of the telescopic crown as shown in FIG. 3 in a side view and an inner cap of the female element as shown in FIG. 4, 5, whose inner contour is adapted to the outer contour of the male element.
- FIG. 7 shows a male element and the associated female element in pairs in different cross-sectional geometries
- FIG. 8 shows a sequence of assembly steps of the matrix element as shown in FIG. 4, 5 in partial section in perspective view
- FIG. 9 shows a sequence of assembly steps of the matrix element as shown in FIG. 4, 5 in longitudinal section, FIG. 10 the matrix element according to FIG. 9d with “tilted” outer cap,
- FIG. 11 an alternative embodiment of a matrix element in longitudinal section
- FIG. 12 shows a detail of a heating device
- FIGS. 13-17 each show an enlarged view of a contact plug of the heater according to FIG. 12.
- the telescopic system 1 shown in FIG. 1 is used for the removable attachment of a dental prosthesis 2 in the mouth of a patient.
- a complete upper jaw prosthesis is shown as the dental prosthesis 2; alternatively, however, other prostheses could of course also be provided, such as a bridge that closes a gap between several teeth of a remaining set of teeth, or individual prostheses to replace a single tooth.
- the dental prosthesis 2 is designed for a detachable connection to a number of support pillars that are firmly arranged on the upper jaw 4 and thus in the mouth of the patient.
- the support pillars are teeth 6 of a remaining set of teeth that remain in the mouth of the patient and whose surface has been suitably ground down.
- the telescope system 1 comprises a number of so-called telescope crowns 10 - in the exemplary embodiment corresponding to the number of ground teeth 6 of the remaining teeth - with which the dental prosthesis 2 is removably attached to the upper jaw 4 and thus in the patient's mouth.
- a telescope crown 10 as shown in a conventional design in longitudinal section in FIG. 2a in a single version and in FIG. 2b in longitudinal section as a fastening means for the dental prosthesis 2, essentially represents a double crown system.
- this comprises a "lower” or base crown 12, also referred to as a "primary crown”, which is firmly attached to a suitably prepared, e.g. ground, tooth 6 in the manner of a conventional crown.
- the primary crown 12 which is also visible in the illustration in FIG. 1 for the teeth 6 shown there, is shown in the illustrations in FIG. 2 in the state attached to the respective tooth 6.
- the primary crown 12 is designed in a completely conventional manner as a male element 14, which forms a contact pin 16 on its surface.
- a "upper" crown segment or matrix element 18, also referred to as “secondary crown”, can be attached, for example clicked on or plugged on.
- FIG. 2a the process of pushing on is indicated by the arrows 20, whereas in FIG. 2b the telescopic crown 10 is shown in the state with the matrix element 18 completely pushed onto the male element 14.
- the "upper" crown segment 18 forming the matrix serves as a carrier for the dental prosthesis 2, which is suitably firmly connected to the matrix elements 18.
- the accuracy of fit of the dental prosthesis 2 in the patient's mouth is an important factor, since a high accuracy of fit is, for example, a prerequisite for a firm fit of the prosthesis 2 in the patient's mouth. Furthermore, a high accuracy of fit naturally also requires a high level of comfort for the patient, so that he or she can feel as comfortable as possible with the prosthesis 2. The more precisely the prosthesis is manufactured, the more firmly it can fit in the patient's mouth, which in turn leads to a very high level of wearing and chewing comfort.
- common manufacturing methods in which the tooth situation in the patient's mouth is usually first determined and then transferred to a physical or virtual model, on the basis of which the treatment is then planned and manufactured, undesirable inaccuracies in the fit are to be expected.
- a design for a telescopic crown 30 is provided, as shown in longitudinal section in FIG. 3, and which allows a particularly precise manufacture of the double crown system.
- the inventive design of the telescopic crown 30 is based on the concept of manufacturing the essential components of the double crown system with an accuracy considered to be acceptable and then, after pre-assembling the components, inserting them into the patient's mouth with a certain degree of flexibility and malleability and there, in response to the actual oral situation and/or taking into account current data characteristic of the intraoral oral situation and the restoring and shear forces occurring during insertion, allowing the final positioning of the components adapted to the actual oral situation and then fixing them.
- the alignment of the inner cap 32 relative to the outer cap 34 and thus the final positioning is thus adapted to the actual conditions in the oral cavity.
- the intermediate body 36 can then cool down and solidify again while retaining the assumed shape and thus maintaining the underlying position. After solidification, the optimized alignment of the components recorded in this way is thus fixed.
- the dental prosthesis 2 can thus be manufactured by heating the intermediate body 36 to a temperature above its softening temperature and thus making it deformable in order to align the respective inner cap 32 with the outer cap 34 of the respective matrix element 18 with a precise fit, and then, using the deformability of the intermediate body 36, aligning the inner cap 32 with the outer cap 34 with regard to an optimized fit, taking into account intraoral data reflecting the actual dental situation in the patient's mouth, before the relative position of the inner cap 32 set in this way with respect to the outer cap 34 is preserved as a result of the solidification of the intermediate body 36 that begins during the subsequent cooling of the intermediate body 36.
- the intermediate body 36 is preferably specifically adapted to the usual handling processes when used in dental treatments with regard to its choice of material and its material parameters.
- the material parameters of the intermediate body 36 are selected such that thermoplastic softening does not occur at the usual temperatures during such autoclaving, so that even with such autoclaving, the position of the inner cap 32 facing the male part 14 relative to the position of the outer cap 34 facing the dental prosthesis 2 does not change and the position previously introduced according to the concept of the invention is not changed even during autoclaving.
- the softening temperature of the thermoplastic intermediate body 36 is selected, in particular by suitable choice of material, to be above approximately 135°C. This is the temperature of common and usual autoclaves, with which, for example, prostheses are autoclaved in preparation for use or for disinfection.
- the male element 14 of the telescopic crown 30 is shown in a side view in FIG. 6a.
- the male element 14 has a substantially round cross-section, although it can alternatively be designed with non-round cross-sections, for example oval, elliptical, trioval or the like, preferably adapted to the geometric conditions at the insertion site in the oral cavity.
- the male element 14 has a circumferential groove 37 which, in interaction with an associated inner bead 38 on the inside of the inner cap 32, ensures retention when the inner cap 32 is applied and thus provides additional fixation.
- connection system can therefore be designed in the form of a snap or locking connection, in which the female element 18 can be clicked or snapped onto the male element 14 via its inner cap 32.
- a suitable example for this is, as can be seen from the illustration in FIG. 6b, the inner contour of the inner cap 32 is adapted.
- a method for producing the dental prosthesis 2 in which, based on intraoral data reflecting the actual dental situation in the patient's mouth, those patrice elements 14 are selected from a number of basic male element types stored in a component library that allow reliable fixation of the prosthesis 2 with the lowest possible removal of hard tooth substance, and wherein the required grinding of the teeth 6 is determined on the basis of this selection and made available to the practitioner as instructions for action.
- various basic types can be considered for the male element 14, which are provided for the practitioner to choose from.
- FIG. 7 shows, as an example, a number of geometric variants of the male element 14 in combination with the associated female element 18 with differently designed cross-sectional contours, as they can be selected as required depending on the insertion location and the oral situation of the patient, in a perspective view.
- the male element 14 on the one hand and the complete telescopic crown 30, i.e. the female element 18 placed on the male element 14, are shown together in pairs.
- the complete telescopic crown 30, i.e. the female element 18 placed on the male element 14 are shown together in pairs.
- FIG. 7c a male and female element 14, 18 with quadoval cross-section
- FIG. 7f the male and female element 14, 18 according to FIG. 7e with an additional, partially circumferential undercut or groove 37 to provide additional retention.
- FIG. 8 The assembly of the matrix element 18 from the prefabricated components is shown in FIG. 8 using a sequence of assembly steps in partial section in perspective view and in FIG. 9 using a sequence of assembly steps in longitudinal section.
- the inner cap 32 is inserted into the intermediate body 36. This has a circumferential end bead 40 on its free end 39, which is inserted into a receiving groove 42 formed on the end of the inner cap 32.
- the partially assembled ensemble 44 thus created is inserted into the outer cap 34, as can be seen in FIGS. 8b, 9b, so that the ensemble 46 shown in FIGS. 8c, 9c is created.
- the insertion can then be carried out in this state, so that the inner and outer caps 32, 34 align themselves appropriately with each other according to the fine details of the oral situation and in response to the pressure and positioning forces caused thereby, with the intermediate body 36 deforming.
- the inner cap 32 starting from the initially approximately parallel alignment as shown in Fig. 9d, is tilted or otherwise repositioned relative to the outer cap 34, with the intermediate body 36 deforming accordingly.
- the result of such a deformation, which is accompanied by the final alignment of the components, is shown by way of example in FIG. 10 using a longitudinal section of the matrix element 18 in the "tilted" state.
- the inner cap 32 is also significantly deformed in the area of the fixing edge 48 forming its base. According to an aspect that is regarded as independently inventive, this intended deformation of the inner cap 32 is taken into account by a suitable choice of material.
- the base area or fixing edge 48 of the inner cap 32 which forms a type of membrane, should in fact offer no or only as low a restoring force against this deformation as possible. This is achieved according to one aspect of the invention by a suitable choice of material for the inner cap 32, at least in the area of the fixing edge 48.
- the inner cap 32 is therefore preferably made of a high-performance plastic, preferably PEEK.
- the heating device 60 comprises a number of heatable contact plugs 62, the outer contour of which corresponds to the contour of the male elements 14 of the telescopic crowns 30 and can thus be inserted into the female elements 18 or their inner cap 32 instead of the male elements 14, and of which only one is shown in FIG. 12.
- the contact plugs 62 are therefore preferably designed to be as geometrically identical as possible to the actual male elements 14. According to one aspect of the invention, small grooves in the axial direction can be provided in the outer skin of the contact plugs 62 merely to make it easier to remove the heated die elements 18, so that no negative pressure can form after heating during removal. If the thermoplastic intermediate bodies 36 are heated, removal could damage them if negative pressure is present.
- the heating device 60 is equipped with one of the heating elements or contact plugs 62 mentioned, preferably six, corresponding to the number of matrix elements 18 provided in the respective dental prosthesis 2 or the number of matrix elements 18 usually used in such dental prostheses 2, so that all matrix elements 18 of a dental prosthesis 2 can be heated at the same time and thus prepared for insertion.
- the heatable contact plugs 62 are provided with an integrated heating element 64 with an integrated temperature control.
- an integrated heating element 64 with an integrated temperature control.
- a handle 66 is preferably formed behind the actual heating male 62 in order to be able to easily insert the heating males 62 into the female elements 18 and remove them again.
- the heating elements 64 designed as internal electrical heating ensure that overheating and thus damage to the matrix-pattern system or the prosthesis 2 itself cannot occur. This regulation requires that temperature sensors 68 are integrated in the heating patrixes 62. Alternatively, the heating patrixes 62 could also be equipped with another heat source or be supplied via an external heat source. In addition, it is also possible for the heating patrixes 62 to simply heat the thermoelastic intermediate body 36 via another energy source without being heated themselves.
- a plurality of the heating male parts 62 are each connected via a cable connection 70 to a common, central temperature control unit (not shown in detail in FIG. 12).
- a common, central temperature control unit (not shown in detail in FIG. 12).
- This preferably has four or six connections in order to be able to control four or six heating male parts 62 at the same time.
- such a unit could also be provided with a larger number of connections, for example with 6, 8 or 10.
- the heating male parts 62 are provided directly with a cable connection 70, but are detachably connected to the central control unit via a plug.
- the heating elements 62 are equipped with batteries which are only placed in a charging station.
- the temperature control unit is integrated into the heating elements 62.
- Telescopic system Dental prosthesis Upper jaw Tooth Telescopic crown Primary crown Male element Contact pin Female element Arrow Telescopic crown Inner cap Outer cap Intermediate body Groove Inner bead End bead Receiving groove , 46 Ensemble Fixing edge Receiving ring Beaded edge Cover area Heating device Contact plug Heating element Handle element Temperature sensors Cable connection
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022127938.3A DE102022127938A1 (de) | 2022-10-21 | 2022-10-21 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zahnprothese |
| PCT/EP2023/078340 WO2024083627A1 (de) | 2022-10-21 | 2023-10-12 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer zahnprothese |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4604875A1 true EP4604875A1 (de) | 2025-08-27 |
Family
ID=88647697
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23798663.3A Pending EP4604875A1 (de) | 2022-10-21 | 2023-10-12 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer zahnprothese |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4604875A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022127938A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024083627A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015121667B4 (de) * | 2015-12-11 | 2022-06-15 | Bredent Gmbh & Co. Kg | Kappe aus elastischem Material und Verwendung sowie Verfahren zur Befestigung dieser Kappe |
| GB2552137A (en) * | 2016-07-03 | 2018-01-17 | Tarazi Eyal | Systems and methods of automated control of in-situ preparation for prefabricated fixed dental prosthesis |
| WO2018154610A1 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-08-30 | Rhein 83 S.R.L. | Dental technology kit |
| DE102017113148A1 (de) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-12-20 | Bredent Gmbh & Co. Kg | Befestigungsvorrichtung für eine Zahnprothese |
| DE102022127865A1 (de) | 2022-10-21 | 2024-05-02 | Snap-Cone-Prosthetics Ug (Haftungsbeschränkt) | Teleskopkrone |
-
2022
- 2022-10-21 DE DE102022127938.3A patent/DE102022127938A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-10-12 EP EP23798663.3A patent/EP4604875A1/de active Pending
- 2023-10-12 WO PCT/EP2023/078340 patent/WO2024083627A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102022127938A1 (de) | 2024-05-02 |
| WO2024083627A1 (de) | 2024-04-25 |
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