Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
  • C10B53/08—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form in the form of briquettes, lumps and the like
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
  • C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
  • C10B57/06—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition containing additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
  • C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
  • C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
  • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
  • C10L5/36—Shape
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
  • C21B13/0066—Preliminary conditioning of the solid carbonaceous reductant
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
  • C21B5/007—Conditions of the cokes or characterised by the cokes used
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
  • C10L2200/02—Inorganic or organic compounds containing atoms other than C, H or O, e.g. organic compounds containing heteroatoms or metal organic complexes
  • C10L2200/0204—Metals or alloys
  • C10L2200/024—Group VIII metals: Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
  • C10L2290/02—Combustion or pyrolysis

Definitions

• the present invention relates to solid agglomerates. More specifically, the present invention relates to solid agglomerates for use in steelmaking furnaces.
• iron reduction One of the main functions of metallurgical furnaces is iron reduction, where iron Fe is separated from its ore Fe 2 O 3 .
• This separation occurs by means of chemical reduction, which involves separating a metal from its oxide, and is carried out using a reducing agent.
• This reducer is a material that must be more attractive to oxygen, under the conditions of the operation, than the metal to be reduced.
• the main reducing agent used in the steel industry is coke, which comes from mineral coal.
• coking coal which is an essential substance in the reduction of iron ore to metallic iron, as it combines with oxygen to create carbon dioxide, iron, and slag.
• bituminous coal which forms a solid mass when heated (coking coal); on the other hand, if it does not soften or aggregate when heated, it is called non-coking coal.
• agglomeration process consists of grouping fine-grained materials with the aim of obtaining a larger product through the use of binders. Through this process it is possible to obtain, for example, high-quality metallic agglomerates or coal briquettes, taking advantage of the small fractions that are usually discarded. In some cases, coal pellets can replace coking coal and metal pellets can replace iron ore.
• coal briquetting technique is gaining ground in the industry.
• This technique which can be used for both mineral and vegetable coal, generally involves the following steps: (i) granulometric balancing of the coal or biomass particles; (ii) mixing of binders (agglomerants); (iii) mechanical compaction; and (iv) drying of the briquettes.
• the documents below describe examples of coal briquettes and their respective production processes.
• Document WO2014098413A1 describes a coal briquette and a method for manufacturing it.
• This coal briquette manufacturing method comprises the steps of (i) pulverized coal supply, (ii) producing a mixture obtained by mixing between 1 and 5 parts by weight of a hardening agent and between 5 and 15 parts by weight of a binder in relation to 100 parts by weight of pulverized coal, and (iii) shaping the mixture.
• the pulverized coal comprises (i) more than 0 and no more than 50% by weight of low-grade coal and (ii) a balance of coal ash.
• Low-grade coal has between 25% by weight and 40% by weight of a volatile fraction (dry basis) and has a crucible expansion number of more than 0 and less than 3.
• the binder used can be one or more substances selected from the group consisting of molasses, bitumen, asphalt, coal tar, pitch, starch, water glass, plastic, polymer resin and oil.
• Document WO2013152959A1 describes a process for the production of a briquette containing coals, in which the coals together with a binder system are subjected to mixing with the introduction of steam and the mixture obtained is subjected to pressing to form briquettes.
• the residual steam obtained is used as at least part of the steam introduced during mixing.
• binders are starch or polyvinyl acetate (PVA).
• Document AU2008203855B2 describes a process for forming a briquette comprising low rank coal and aggregate material, characterized in that it comprises: drying a low rank coal feed to produce a dry coal with a moisture content of between 8 and 16% by weight; mixing the dry coal with an aggregate material; and compacting the dry coal and aggregate material mixture into briquettes.
• coal briquettes can be used in the process of reducing iron ore or its agglomerates in steelmaking furnaces.
• Document WO2011108466A1 describes a process to produce iron-coke by carbonizing an agglomerate comprising mineral coal and iron ore. The process produces iron-coke which, in a blast furnace, is more reactive than the coke it contains with CO 2 .
• the iron-coke production process in document WO2011108466A1 comprises the carbonization at a temperature above 800°C of a mixture composed of mineral coal and iron ore to produce iron-coke.
• This invention solves the problems described above in the prior art in a simple and efficient way.
• the first objective of the present invention is to provide a coked solid agglomerate for use in a steel furnace and a process for manufacturing it, in which the coking process is carried out at relatively low temperatures.
• the second objective of the present invention is to provide a coked solid agglomerate for use in a steel furnace and a process for manufacturing it that uses a reasonable amount of biocarbon, increasing the ecological sustainability of the fuel.
• the present invention provides a coked solid agglomerate for use in a steel furnace, comprising biocarbon, mineral coal and at least one binder. After the solid agglomerate has been mechanically formed, it is subjected to a pyrolysis stage at a temperature greater than or equal to 700°C and less than 800°C.
• the present invention further provides a process for manufacturing a coked solid agglomerate for use in a steelmaking furnace, comprising the steps of (i) mixing biocarbon, mineral coal and one at least one binder, (ii) mechanically forming the mixture of biocarbon, mineral coal and at least one binder to form a solid agglomerate, and (iii) pyrolyzing the solid agglomerate at a temperature greater than or equal to 700oC and less than 800°C.
• the present invention provides a coked solid agglomerate for use in a steel furnace, comprising in its composition biocarbon, mineral coal and at least one binder.
• biocarbon means any charcoal of plant origin produced according to substantially sustainable standards.
• this biocarbon has a low inorganic content (less than 1%).
• the solid agglomerate undergoes a pyrolysis process at a temperature greater than or equal to 700°C and less than 800°C.
• This heat treatment cokes the carbonaceous material in the mixture and increases the interaction and anchoring between all the components of the solid agglomerate, improving its mechanical strength.
• the pyrolysis of the solid agglomerate promotes its drying and pre-reduction, increasing its calorific value and preparing it for use in steel furnaces.
• the pyrolysis of the solid agglomerate is carried out in a rotating cylindrical reactor.
• the solid agglomerate of the present invention comprises 10 to 75% by mass of biocarbon. More preferably, the solid agglomerate of the present invention comprises 50 to 65% by mass of biocarbon.
• the solid agglomerate of the present invention comprises from 25 to 90% by mass of mineral coal. More preferably, the solid agglomerate of the present invention comprises 25 to 50% by mass of mineral coal.
• the solid agglomerate of the present invention comprises 5 to 10% by mass of a binder, which has the function of keeping the compounds of the solid agglomerate bound together.
• a binder also allows for the use of smaller-grained compounds in the composition of the solid agglomerate.
• the solid agglomerate of the present invention additionally comprises 5 to 15% by mass of an iron-based compound, such as iron oxide or metallic iron.
• an iron-based compound such as iron oxide or metallic iron.
• Mixing an iron-based compound with the agglomerate produces an iron-coke agglomerate.
• an iron-based compound such as iron oxide or metallic iron.
• the reaction of the carbonaceous material starts from a lower temperature compared to conventional coke.
• RAR reducing agent ratio
• the present invention also provides a process for manufacturing a coked solid agglomerate for use in a steelmaking furnace, comprising the steps of (i) mixing biocarbon, mineral coal and at least one binder, (ii) mechanically forming the mixture of biocarbon, mineral coal and at least one binder to form a solid agglomerate, and (iii) pyrolyzing the solid agglomerate at a temperature greater than or equal to 700oC and less than 800°C.
• the mixing stage is carried out with 10 to 75% by mass of biocarbon. More preferably, the mixing stage is carried out with 50 to 65% by mass of biocarbon.
• the mixing stage is carried out with 25 to 90% by mass of mineral coal. More preferably, the mixing stage is carried out with 25 to 50% by mass of mineral coal.
• the mixing stage is carried out with 5 to 10% by mass of a binder.
• the mixing step also involves mixing in 5 to 15% by mass of an iron-based compound such as iron oxide or metallic iron to form an iron-coke agglomerate.
• an iron-based compound such as iron oxide or metallic iron
• the solid agglomerate and its manufacturing process has a mass yield of 95%, while the agglomerates of the prior art have a mass yield of around 70%.
• temperatures lower than 800°C considerable energy savings are achieved in the manufacturing process.
• the coked solid agglomerate of the present invention can be used, for example, in blast furnaces, sintering ovens and coking plants.
• the solid agglomerate containing iron (iron-coke) can be used, for example, to replace small coke in blast furnaces.
• the present invention provides a coked solid agglomerate for use in a steel furnace and a process for manufacturing it in which the coking process is carried out at relatively low temperatures.
• a reasonable amount of biocarbon is used in the agglomerate and in the manufacturing process, increasing the ecological sustainability of the fuel and reducing CO 2 emissions.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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• 2023
  • 2023-08-25 WO PCT/BR2023/050282 patent/WO2024103137A1/pt not_active Ceased
  • 2023-08-25 KR KR1020257018758A patent/KR20250109713A/ko active Pending
  • 2023-08-25 CN CN202380078628.0A patent/CN120283031A/zh active Pending
  • 2023-08-25 JP JP2025528864A patent/JP2025536104A/ja active Pending
  • 2023-08-25 EP EP23889863.9A patent/EP4621031A1/de active Pending

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