Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
  • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
  • B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
  • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
  • B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
  • B29D11/00317—Production of lenses with markings or patterns
  • B29D11/00326—Production of lenses with markings or patterns having particular surface properties, e.g. a micropattern
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
  • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
  • B29D11/00865—Applying coatings; tinting; colouring
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
  • G02C7/00—Optical parts
  • G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
  • G02C7/022—Ophthalmic lenses having special refractive features achieved by special materials or material structures
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
  • G02C2202/00—Generic optical aspects applicable to one or more of the subgroups of G02C7/00
  • G02C2202/24—Myopia progression prevention
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
  • G02C7/00—Optical parts
  • G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
  • G02C7/04—Contact lenses for the eyes

Definitions

• Each of the various shapes that the eye lens can adopt is associated with a focal length at which external light rays are optimally or near-optimally focused to produce inverted images on the surface of the retina that correspond to external images observed by the eye.
• the eye lens in each of the various shapes that the eye lens can adopt, optimally or near-optimally, focuses light emitted by, or reflected from external objects that lie within a certain range of distances from the eye, and less optimally focuses, or fails to focus objects that lie outside that range of distances.
• the axial length of the eye, or distance from the lens to the surface of the retina corresponds to a focal length for near-optimal focusing of distant objects.
• myopic individuals focus distant objects without nervous input to muscles which apply forces to alter the shape of the eye lens, a process referred to as “accommodation.” Closer, nearby objects are focused, by normal individuals, as a result of accommodation. [0005] Many people, however, suffer from eye-length-related disorders, such as myopia (“nearsightedness”). In myopic individuals, the axial length of the eye is longer than the axial length required to focus distant objects without accommodation. As a result, myopic individuals can view near objects clearly, but objects further away are blurry. While Attorney Docket No.45336-0030WO1 myopic individuals are generally capable of accommodation, the average distance at which they can focus objects is shorter than that for normal-sighted individuals.
• myopia may be mitigated by therapeutic devices which address behavioral factors.
• therapeutic devices for treating eye-length related disorders, including myopia are described in U.S. Pub. No.2011/0313058A1.
• Ophthalmic lenses including eyeglass lenses and contact lenses, are disclosed that reduce signals in the retina responsible for growth of eye length.
• the lenses include a treatment zone and can include one or more clear vision zones.
• a central clear vision zone can be aligned with the center of the lens, corresponding to the far vision direction of the wearer.
• the treatment zone includes one or more light scattering regions that provides sufficient contrast reduction of images at the retina in the peripheral vision region to slow myopia progression.
• Discrete clear regions intersperse the light scattering regions, which occupy areas of the lens between the clear regions.
• disclosed embodiments feature eyeglasses that include features that reduce signals in the retina responsible for growth of eye length on the lenses for both eyes, without diminishing the user's on-axis vision in either eye to an extent that is disruptive to the user. For example, providing a treatment zone that modestly blurs the wearer's peripheral vision while allowing normal on-axis viewing through a clear vision zone can allow for all-day, everyday use by the wearer.
• While the embodiments below feature eyeglass lenses, implementations using contact lenses are also possible.
• FIGS.1A, 1B, and 1C show an example pre-edged eyeglass lens with a central clear vision zone, a treatment zone, surrounded by a peripheral clear vision zone.
• FIGS.2A, 2B, and 2C show additional examples of clear regions in a treatment zone of an eyeglass lens.
• FIG.3 shows a pair of eyeglasses with ophthalmic lenses for treating myopia.
• FIG.4 shows a flow chart of an example method for forming a treatment zone a surface of a blank lens.
• FIG.5 shows a flow chart of another example method for forming a treatment zone a surface of a blank lens.
• FIGS.1A and 1B show a pre-edged eyeglass lens 100 with a central clear vision zone 150, a treatment zone 160 surrounding the clear vision zone 150, and a peripheral clear vision zone 170 surrounding the treatment zone 160.
• the central and peripheral clear vision zones 150 and 170 are optically clear regions having an optical power associated with the eyeglass lens (e.g., plano, positive or negative sphere, and/or non-zero cylinder).
• the treatment zone 160 includes an optical scattering region 130 that scatters incident light, reducing image contrast of scenes viewed by a subject through the treatment zone 160.
• the optical scattering region 130 of treatment zone 160 surrounds a number of discrete clear regions 140.
• the clear regions 140 are free of scattering centers and provide optical power for imaging in the same manner as central clear vision zone 150.
• optical scattering region 130 contains scattering centers and/or a roughened surface so that light incident upon the region scatters in various directions in a way that the scattered light no longer contributes to image formation at the retina. The scattered light incident at the retina will instead reduce contrast of images formed there.
• the treatment zone 160 is positioned to correspond to a peripheral portion of the subject’s field of view and the clear vision zone 150 corresponds to the central visual field of the subject.
• the terms “central” and “peripheral” refer to portions of the field of view of Attorney Docket No.45336-0030WO1 the human eye.
• a central viewing zone corresponds to the portion of a person’s field of view when one or both eyes gaze straight ahead.
• lens 100 has an optical power corresponding to an Rx for the subject
• the central viewing zone can provide 20/20 vision.
• the peripheral viewing zone is an area outside of the central viewing zone and the light scattering from treatment zone 160 generally reduces contrast of images in the peripheral viewing zone.
• the peripheral viewing zone can be further divided into a near- peripheral viewing zone, a mid-peripheral viewing zone, and a far peripheral zone.
• the “near-peripheral” viewing zone is just outside the central viewing zone.
• the “mid- peripheral” zone is further from the central viewing zone and surrounds the near peripheral zone, and the “far peripheral zone” can surround the mid-peripheral zone.
• these viewing zones do not have strict solid angle cutoffs, some example ranges for angles relative to a straightforward gaze for the various zones are 0-10° for the central viewing zone, 10-20° for the near peripheral viewing zone, 20-45° for the mid-peripheral viewing zone, and 45-70° for the far peripheral viewing zone.
• the central clear vision zone 150 can subtend a solid angle of about 30 degrees or less (e.g., about 25 degrees or less, about 20 degrees or less, about 15 degrees or less, about 12 degrees or less, about 10 degrees or less, about 9 degrees or less, about 8 degrees or less, about 7 degrees or less, about 6 degrees or less, about 5 degrees or less, about 4 degrees or less, about 3 degrees or less) in the viewer's visual field.
• the treatment zone 160 can subtend a solid angle of about 70° or less in the viewer’s visual field. In general, the solid angles subtended in the horizontal and vertical viewing planes may be the same or different.
• the central clear vision zone 150 is circular and the treatment zone 160 and the peripheral clear vision zone 170 are annular regions characterized by two radial dimensions. As shown in FIG.1B, the central clear vision zone 150 has a radius R 150 . Treatment zone 160 surrounds the central clear vision zone 150, having an inner radius R150 and an outer radius R 160 . The remainder of the pre-edged lens 100 outside of the radius R 160 is the peripheral clear vision zone 170.
• R150 can be in a range from about 1 mm to about 3 mm (e.g., 1.0 mm to 1.1 mm, 1.1 mm to 1.2 mm, 1.2 mm to 1.3 mm, 1.3 mm to 1.4 mm, 1.4 mm to 1.5 mm, 1.5 mm to 1.6 mm, 1.6 mm to 1.7 mm, 1.7 mm to 1.8 mm, 1.8 mm to 1.9 mm, 1.9 mm to 2.0 mm, 2.0 mm to 2.1 mm, 2.1 mm to 2.2 mm, 2.2 mm to 2.3 mm, 2.3 mm to 2.4 mm, 2.4 mm to 2.5 mm, 2.5 mm to 2.6 mm, 2.6 mm to 2.7 mm, 2.7 mm to 2.8 mm, 2.8 mm to 2.9 mm, 2.9 mm to 3.0 mm).
• R160 can be in a range from about 3 mm to about 20 mm (e.g., 5 mm to 15 mm, 5 mm to 10 mm, 3 mm to 4 mm, 4 mm to 5 mm, 5 mm to 6 mm, 6 mm to 7 mm, 7 mm to 8 mm, 8 mm to 9 mm, 9 mm to 10 mm, 10 mm to 11 mm, 11 mm to 12 mm, 12 mm to 13 mm, 13 mm to 14 mm, 14 mm to 15 mm, 15 mm to 16 mm, 16 mm to 17 mm, 17 mm to 18 mm, 18 mm to 19 mm, 19 mm to 20 mm).
• Clear regions 140 of the treatment zone 160 are arranged in a regular array. Each region 140 has a circular shape and the same size, i.e., same diameter.
• the clear regions 140 are arranged on a two-dimensional rectangular grid with a spacing D x along the X direction and a spacing Dy along the Y direction.
• D x and D y are in a range from about 0.125 mm (e.g., about 0.125 mm or more, about 0.15 mm or more, about 0.2 mm or more, about 0.25 mm or more, about 0.3 mm or more, about 0.35 mm or more, about 0.4 mm or more, about 0.45 mm or more, about 0.5 mm or more, about 0.55 mm or more, about 0.6 mm or more, about 0.65 mm or more, about 0.7 mm or more, about 0.75 mm or more) to about 2.5 mm (e.g., about 2.3 mm or less, about 2.1 mm or less, about 1.9 mm or less, about 1.7 mm or less, about 1.5 mm or less, about 1.4 mm or less, about 1.3 mm or less, about 1.2 mm or less, about 1.1 mm or less, about 1 mm or less, about 0.9 mm or less, about 0.8 mm or less).
• 2.5 mm e.g., about
• clear region spacing can be 0.55 mm, 0.365 mm, or 0.240 mm.
• the optical scattering region 130 of treatment zone 160 occupies a continuous area around the central clear vision zone 150.
• a path 180 that avoids the clear regions 140 can be drawn through the optical scattering region 130.
• a continuous path completing a full cycle around the edge of the central clear vision zone 150, e.g., the circle with radius R 150 can be drawn through the optical scattering region 130 in the treatment zone 160.
• a path, through the optical scattering region 130 that avoids the clear regions 140, with the same starting and end point can include a portion at every angle within the 360° of the circle with radius R150.
• the clear regions 140 can have a dimension, e.g., a diameter, of 0.05 mm or more (e.g., 0.1 mm or more, 0.15 mm or more, 0.2 mm or more, 0.3 mm or more, 0.5 mm or more, 0.8 mm or more, 1 mm or more, such as 3 mm or less, 2.5 mm or less, 2 mm or less, 1.5 mm or less, 1.25 mm or less, 1 mm or less, 0.9 mm or less, 0.8 mm or less, 0.7 mm or less, 0.6 mm or less).
• 0.05 mm or more e.g., 0.1 mm or more, 0.15 mm or more, 0.2 mm or more, 0.3 mm or more, 0.5 mm or more, 0.8 mm or more, 1 mm or more, such as 3 mm or less, 2.5 mm or less, 2 mm or less, 1.5 mm or less, 1.25 mm or less, 1 mm or less, 0.9 mm or
• the clear regions 140 are sized, shaped, and spaced throughout the optical scattering region 130 to provide sufficient contrast reduction in the viewer’s periphery for myopia reduction.
• Attorney Docket No.45336-0030WO1 [0029] While the foregoing example depicts a single optical scattering region 130 in treatment zone 160, other implementations are possible. For example, in some cases, there is more than one optical scattering region separated from other optical scattering regions by clear areas. In some implementations, one optical scattering region continuously surrounds the central, clear vision zone 150, while one or more other optical scattering regions do not. [0030]
• the density of clear regions 140 can change radially, e.g., with increasing distance from the center of the lens.
• the areal density of clear regions can be highest near radius R 150 (e.g., corresponding to the weakest light scattering) and lowest near radius R160 due to increasing density of the clear regions 140.
• the change in density can be monotonic, correspond to a gradient, or both.
• the clear regions 140 vary in size.
• the size of the clear regions 140 vary as a function of radial distance from the center of the lens.
• the scattering power can be greatest near radius R150 and weakest near radius R 160 due to an increasing dimension of the clear regions 140.
• the pattern of the clear regions 140 is composed of a regular array of clear regions having the same size and shape, other implementations are possible.
• the pattern of the clear regions 140 within the treatment zone 160 is arrayed according to another geometrical pattern, e.g., circular or hexagonal, or the placement can be irregular (e.g., randomly displaced from a regular array).
• the size and shape of the clear regions 140 can vary across the treatment zone 160.
• the clear regions 140 of the lens 100 can have geometric shapes, such as circles, ellipses, regular polygons, or combination thereof.
• the clear regions 140 can include irregular shapes, such as irregular polygons, kidneys, teardrops, spirals, zigzags, and the like.
• a treatment zone 210 includes discrete circular clear regions 220 and elliptical clear regions 222 distributed through an optical scattering region 230.
• Another example with irregularly shaped clear regions 240 is illustrated in FIG.2B.
• a lens includes a treatment zone 260 composed of a series of annular scattering regions 261, 263, 265, 267, 269, and 271, separated by annular clear regions 262, 264, 266, 268, and 270.
• Treatment zone 260 surrounds a clear vision zone 250.
• the scattering properties of each scattering region can be the same as the other scattering zones, of the scattering properties Attorney Docket No.45336-0030WO1 can vary between different scattering regions.
• the scattering intensity of successive scattering regions increases with increasing radius R.
• the radial dimension of each scattering region can be in a range from 0.5 mm to 20 mm (e.g., 1 mm or more, 2 mm or more 3 mm or more, 5 mm or more, and/or 10 mm or less, 8 mm or less, 5 mm or less).
• the radial dimension of each scattering region can be the same or different.
• each clear region can be in a range from 0.5 mm to 10 mm (e.g., 1 mm or more, 2 mm or more 3 mm or more, 5 mm or more, and/or 8 mm or less, 6 mm or less, 5 mm or less).
• the radial dimension of each clear region can be the same or different.
• the dimension of each scattering region is the same as the dimension of the adjacent clear region. In certain cases, the dimensions of adjacent clear and scattering regions are different.
• FIG.2C includes seven annular scattering regions, more generally, more or fewer scattering regions are possible.
• a treatment zone can include two, three, four, five, six, eight, nine, ten, or more scattering regions.
• the scattering power of the treatment zone can be characterized in various ways. For example, in this disclosure, the scattering power can be characterized based on the proportion of the area of the treatment zone that corresponds to the optical scattering region 130 (or, conversely, clear regions 140). For example, an areal density can be defined as the sum of the surface areas of optical scattering regions 130 divided by the area of the treatment zone 160, yielding a fraction or a percentage.
• the areal density of the optical scattering region 130 will vary depending on the size and spacing of the clear regions 140 and can be in a range from 10% to 90% (e.g., 15% or more, 20% or more, 25% or more, 30% or more, 35% or more, 40% or more, 45% or more, 50% or more, such as 80% or less, 75% or less, 70% or less, 65% or less, 60% or less, 55% or less).
• the areal density can be selected according to a comfort level of a user, e.g., to provide a level of peripheral vision sufficiently comfortable that the wearer will voluntarily wear the eyeglasses for extended periods (e.g., all day).
• light scattering can be characterized based on haze measurements, such as international test standards for haze (e.g., ASTM D1003 and BS EN ISO 13468).
• Conventional hazemeters can be used, e.g., a BYK- Gardner haze meter (such as the Haze-Gard Plus instrument) that measures how much light is totally transmitted through a Attorney Docket No.45336-0030WO1 lens, the amount of light transmitted undisturbed (e.g., within 0.5 deg.), how much is deflected more than 2.5 deg., and clarity (amount within 2.5 deg.), which can be considered a measure for narrow-angle scattering.
• haze measurements such as international test standards for haze (e.g., ASTM D1003 and BS EN ISO 13468).
• Conventional hazemeters can be used, e.g., a BYK- Gardner haze meter (such as the Haze-Gard Plus instrument) that measures
• Haze values for a treatment zone can be in a range from 5% to 80%, depending on the implementation.
• treatment zones can have haze values of 10% or more (e.g., 15% or more, 20% or more, 25% or more, 30% or more, 35% or more, e.g., 70% or less, 60% or less, 50% or less, 40% or less, 30% or less).
• Optical scattering regions can have haze values of 20% or more (e.g., 25% or more, 30% or more, 35% or more, 40% or more, 45% or more, 50% or more, such as 90% or less, 80% or less, 70% or less, 60% or less, 50% or less).
• eyeglasses that use lens 100 can be dispensed through conventional sales channels (e.g., through an eyecare professional) and can be edged to fit eyeglass frames chosen by a subject.
• the amount of scattering in each lens in a pair of eyeglasses can be the same or different, depending on the needs of the subject.
• FIG.3 shows a pair of eyeglasses 300 with a pair of eyeglass similar lenses 310a and 310b for treating myopia.
• two pre- edged lenses with treatment zones e.g., lens 100
• the lenses 310a and 310b have an optical power determined by the curvature of each surface of the lens according to a prescription determined for the subject by the eyecare professional.
• the lenses can be a plano lens with zero optical power, a single vision lens with convex, concave, both types of curvature on each surface, a multivision one, e.g., bifocals, progressive lenses, aspheric lenses, and the like, with various types of curvature on each surface of the lens.
• the central and peripheral clear vision zones 150 and 170 refract incident light according to the optical power of the lens alone, e.g., optical effects such as scattering do not substantially alter the path of the incident light ray.
• Light incident upon the treatment zone 160 scatters incident light by virtue of having regions of different scattering properties, e.g., mixed refractive indices or a roughened surface.
• the optical scattering region 130 can correspond to roughened, e.g., sandblasted, areas on either side of the pre-edged lens 100.
• the optical scattering region 130 can include a surface scatterr, a holograph scatterr, a bulk scatterr, or a combination thereof.
• the treatment zone 160 has scattering features on the surface, on the body, or both sides of the lens.
• FIG.4 shows a flow chart of an example method 400 for forming a treatment zone a surface of a blank, pre-edged lens using an etchant or abrasive.
• the process starts with lens selection, normally performed by an eyecare professional in consultation with the subject for whom the lens is being made.
• the optical shop performing the surface treatment obtains a pre-edged blank lens in accordance with the selected lens (410).
• the lens can be a stock blank lens or can be a custom blank lens.
• a mask is formed on a surface of lens to shield those portions of the lens surface other than the optical scattering region(s) (420).
• the one or more masks can be disposed such that disconnected regions of the surface of the lens are covered, and a continuous region of the surface of the lens remains exposed.
• the pattern of the one or more mask disposed on the surface of the blank lens can correspond to the pattern of the array clear regions as described earlier in this disclosure, e.g., a regular array, varying sizes and shapes of the clear regions, and the like.
• one or more masks with a pattern corresponding to the pattern of the clear regions 140, a central clear vision zone 150, and a peripheral clear vision zone 170 are placed on one or more surfaces of the blank lens.
• an abrasive material or etchant is next applied to the surface of lens (430).
• the mask is removed from the surface of the blank lens (440) to expose the refractive portions of the lens (e.g., clear zone 150, clear regions 140).
• the continuous region that was covered by the masks will be Attorney Docket No.45336-0030WO1 as it was before the etching, while the rest of surfaces of the lens will be roughened, thereby forming a treatment zone.
• the surface will have irregularities deviating from the previous optically refractive surface. The irregular surface will scatter incident light in these areas.
• additional coatings can be applied to the lens surface after the mask is removed.
• FIG.5 shows a flow chart of another method 500 for forming a treatment zone a surface of a blank lens by addition of scattering features.
• a blank lens is obtained as previously described (510).
• a layer of a photocurable material is coated on a surface of the lens (520).
• the photocurable material can be a photopolymer.
• a suitable exposure system illuminates the layer with patterned radiation (530), e.g., through a mask or by rastering a beam.
• the light is laser light.
• the light patterned can be formed by an interference pattern by overlapping two or more coherent beams on the lens surface.
• illuminating the layer can cause the refractive index of the layer of photosensitive to change.
• the layer can be a photopolymer layer. Before illumination, the photopolymer layer has regions of random refractive index. The assembly system can illuminate the layer in a pattern corresponding to the clear regions.
• a region of the photopolymer layer When a region of the photopolymer layer is illuminated with the radiation, its refractive index can change to standard value, thereby creating a pattern of regions of the same refractive index, e.g., one, surrounded by areas with random refractive indices. The area corresponding to the areas with random refractive indices surrounding the non-refracting regions forms the optical scattering zone.
• Both methods 400 and 500 can be carried out to form a treatment zone on one or both surfaces of the blank lens.
• Attorney Docket No.45336-0030WO1 [0059] Still alternative methods can be used to form the treatment zone.
• a treatment zone can be formed by a laminating a diffusing film corresponding to the treatment zone onto one or more surfaces of the lens.
• the diffusing film can have a pattern of holes such that when it is laminated onto the surface of the lens, there are one or more clear regions, e.g., regions not covered by the diffusing film.
• the lenses described herein can be used to reduce myopia progression in a human subject, such as a human child, by providing the subject with eyeglasses with lenses having the treatment zones described herein and having the subject wear the device for a sufficient amount of time (e.g., 5 hours a day or more, 8 hours a day or more, 10 hours a day or more, 12 hours a day or more, 15 hours a day or more, during daylight hours, during waking hours, when they are outdoors, when they are indoors, when they are reading, when they are interacting with an electronic display).
• a sufficient amount of time e.g., 5 hours a day or more, 8 hours a day or more, 10 hours a day or more, 12 hours a day or more, 15 hours a day or more, during daylight hours, during waking hours, when they
• Appropriate use of the lenses can reduce myopia progression in the human subject by 0.1 D or more (e.g., 0.2 or more, 0.3 or more, 0.4 or more) compared to a control group (e.g., over a period of 1 year or more, 2 years or more, 3 years or more).
• the human subject is 18 years old or younger (e.g., 12 years old or younger, 10 years old or younger, 9 years old or younger, 8 years old or younger, 7 years old or younger).
• the disclosure features an ophthalmic lens, including: a first surface; a second surface opposite the first surface, wherein a curvature of the first surface and a curvature of the second surface collectively define an optical power of the ophthalmic lens; and a treatment zone occupying at least a portion of the ophthalmic lens corresponding to a peripheral visual field of a user, the treatment zone comprising one or more continuous optical scattering regions surrounding one or more clear regions, wherein the clear regions are regions in which the ophthalmic lens refracts incident light according to the optical power of the ophthalmic lens and the optical scattering regions are regions in which the ophthalmic lens scatters incident light.
• the ophthalmic lens further includes a clear aperture surrounded by the treatment zone.
• the clear aperture corresponds to a central visual field of the user.
• the optical scattering regions include a surface scatterr. Attorney Docket No.45336-0030WO1 [0066] In some implementations, the optical scattering regions includes regions in which portions of the first or second surfaces are roughened. [0067] In some implementations, the optical scattering regions include a holographic scatterr. [0068] In some implementations, the optical scattering regions include a bulk scatterr. [0069] In some implementations, the treatment zone is an annular zone.
• the one or more continuous optical scattering regions includes a region that is continuous along at least one path around the annular zone.
• light scattering in the treatment zone reduces image contrast of images viewed through the treatment zone compared to image contrast of images viewed through the lens outside the treatment zone by 20% or more (e.g., 30% or more, 40% or more, 50% or more).
• the clear regions have a dimension (e.g., a diameter) of 0.1 mm or more (e.g., 0.2 mm or more, 0.3 mm or more, 0.5 mm or more, 0.8 mm or more, 1 mm or more, such as 3 mm or less, 2 mm or less).
• every clear region has the same shape. [0074] In some implementations, at least some of the clear regions have different shapes. [0075] In some implementations, at least some of the clear regions are circular, elliptical, or polygonal. [0076] In some implementations, at least some of the clear regions are irregularly shaped (e.g., irregular polygon, kidney-shaped, tear drop shaped). [0077] In some implementations, the ophthalmic lens is an eyeglass lens or a contact lens. [0078] In some implementations, the one or more continuous optical scattering regions are annular regions. [0079] In some implementations, adjacent scattering regions are separated by annular clear regions.
• a scattering intensity of each of the scattering regions is the same.
• a scattering intensity of two or more of the scattering regions is different.
• the scattering intensity of the scattering regions increases with increasing radial distance from a center of the lens.
• Attorney Docket No.45336-0030WO1 [0083]
• the disclosure features a device including: eyeglass frames; a first ophthalmic lens mounted in the eyeglass frames; and a second ophthalmic lens mounted in the eyeglass frames, wherein at least one of the first and second ophthalmic lenses are an ophthalmic lens according to any one of the previous examples.
• the disclosure features a method of reducing myopia progression in a human subject, the method including: providing the human subject with a device comprising the ophthalmic lens; and causing the human subject to wear the device for sufficient duration to reduce myopia progression in the human subject by 0.1 D or more compared to a control group.
• the human subject is 18 years old or younger.
• the human subject is 12 years old or younger.
• the human subject is 10 years old or younger.
• the human subject is 9 years old or younger.
• the human subject is 8 years old or younger.
• the human subject is 7 years old or younger.
• the disclosure features a method, including: providing a blank lens comprising a lens surface; disposing a mask on the surface of the blank lens, the mask covering portions of the lens surface and leaving portions of the lens surface exposed; applying an abrasive material or an etchant to the surface of blank lens sufficient to roughen exposed portions of the lens surface; and removing the mask.
• the abrasive material comprises physically abrasive particles.
• the etchant comprises a chemical etchant or a physical etchant.
• the disclosure features a method, including: disposing, on a surface of a blank lens, a layer including a photosensitive material; and exposing the layer with patterned radiation to change a physical property of the photosensitive material according to the patterned radiation; wherein, after exposure, the layer forms a treatment zone on the ophthalmic lens’s surface.

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