Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F15/00—Flooring
  • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
  • E04F15/02177—Floor elements for use at a specific location
  • E04F15/02183—Floor elements for use at a specific location for outdoor use, e.g. in decks, patios, terraces, verandas or the like
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F15/00—Flooring
  • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
  • E04F15/02044—Separate elements for fastening to an underlayer
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F15/00—Flooring
  • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
  • E04F15/024—Sectional false floors, e.g. computer floors
  • E04F15/02447—Supporting structures
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F15/00—Flooring
  • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
  • E04F15/024—Sectional false floors, e.g. computer floors
  • E04F15/02447—Supporting structures
  • E04F15/02464—Height adjustable elements for supporting the panels or a panel-supporting framework
  • E04F15/02488—Height adjustable elements for supporting the panels or a panel-supporting framework filled with material hardening after application
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F15/00—Flooring
  • E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
  • E04F15/185—Underlayers in the form of studded or ribbed plates

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method of constructing a support and drainage structure on a concrete base (generally called a concrete slab), for an outdoor floor covering, in particular for tiling, and a support and drainage structure for implementing the method, as well as a drainage device enabling in particular the implementation of the method and the support and drainage structure.
• a concrete base generally called a concrete slab
• a support and drainage structure for implementing the method, as well as a drainage device enabling in particular the implementation of the method and the support and drainage structure.
• the method for creating the support and drainage structure, and the entire structure for installing the flooring is a bonded installation, not a dry-lay method.
• an exterior floor covering such as a terrace
• the flooring such as ceramic tiles
• the flooring is bonded to the screed by covering the entire underside of the tiles with tile adhesive.
• grout is applied at the tile joints to ensure a watertight seal.
• a plastic drainage membrane particularly made of polypropylene
• This drainage membrane is flexible, as it comes in the form of a sheet that can be unrolled and cut to the desired length.
• a membrane has perforations running through its thickness and a textured surface whose protruding shapes act as a bearing surface against the screed and define channels for draining water that has infiltrated through the perforations.
• the screed of course, has a slope to allow the water to drain away.
• the upper surface of the membrane, to which the flooring is bonded can also be covered with a non-woven felt that promotes the mechanical bonding of the tile adhesive.
• the joints in the coating can deteriorate, and infiltrating water may not drain away quickly enough, even with a drainage system. This weakens the materials and can lead to cracking. Furthermore, calcite can seep through the joints, causing whitish stains on the coating. Additionally, cleaning with a high-pressure jet should be avoided as this can damage the joints.
• Each flexible receptacle is shaped like a bowl, comprising a lower face that rests on the floor and a side wall. The lower face has slots opening onto the side wall for water drainage. The upper edge of the side wall forms a peripheral support for a grid designed to hold a mortar lump.
• the invention therefore aims to propose a method and implementation structure for support and drainage which reduces the amount of materials used, and also to offer a new efficient drainage device without the disadvantages of the prior art.
• the installation system does not require a mortar screed (common in prior art) extending over the entire surface of the concrete slab to support the tiles, but only stringers that support the tiles by straddling the stringers.
• a mortar screed commonly in prior art
• These elongated tile support elements create a larger support surface than simple pedestals, and, combined with the rigid-surface drainage systems that accommodate the entire surface of the tiles, the system provides a larger support area.
• Their surface, directly bonded to the mortar beams, ensures a stable and durable bearing surface for the flooring over time, while minimizing the volume of mortar that would have been required with a poured mortar screed.
• drainage is achieved using methods that are limited in surface area, and therefore in the quantity of material, since the drainage systems do not cover the entire tiled floor area but are placed locally and in a limited area beneath the beams. Furthermore, constructing the beams in situ allows for perfect adaptation to the size of the project, as the beams are custom-sized.
• the process and implementation method allow for significant savings in the amount of mortar required, while still ensuring efficient bonding of the tiles and excellent drainage. For example, for a 50 m2 tiled surface, the required quantity of materials (sand and cement) can be halved.
• the drainage systems are arranged below the foundation beams, not above them. This ensures that water does not stagnate above the mortar surface (as with a screed in earlier construction) but is instead drained directly to the concrete footing via the drainage systems, which rest directly upon it.
• the foundation beams rest directly on the solid surface of the drainage systems. By having two opposing longitudinal edges that are set back and/or at most vertical to two opposing edges of the drainage systems, the foundation beams are designed to extend beyond the beams. This allows water, flowing by gravity through the porous cement mortar beams, to infiltrate the drainage systems and reach the sloping concrete footing, which then carries the water away from the structure.
• the stringers are not prefabricated elements, nor elements that rest high on spaced pads at two ends like joists, but elements that are made on site (on the construction site) by pulling mortar and that rest on the drainage devices over their entire surface (except for at least one of the longitudinal edges, preferably except for the longitudinal edges of said drainage devices).
• the raised paving tiles are never at risk of coming into contact with standing water. Furthermore, the structure dries quickly after installation. In addition, only the concrete base needs to be sloped for water drainage, while the surface of The cladding surface can be level, providing an aesthetically pleasing finish and allowing for the covering of all thresholds in a house, or avoiding the need to compensate for height differences, for example, between two ends of a wall when the cladding plane is perpendicular and follows the wall's length.
• the top face of the foundation beams is leveled; the beams are constructed so that their top face matches the slope of the concrete footing. This also offers the advantage of manufacturing the beams on-site and adapting them to the slope and dimensions of the final structure.
• the stringers have their longitudinal direction in the direction of the slope of the concrete footing.
• the spacing between two stringers is at most the width of a stringer (the width being the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of a stringer).
• the bearing width of a cladding element supported astride two adjacent stringers is greater than or equal to half the length of a cladding element extending from one stringer to the adjacent one, which guarantees the cladding's strength.
• the facing tiles are rectangular, they are intended to be laid with their long sides perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the stringers.
• each stringer has a longitudinal centerline and the spacing between two centerlines of two adjacent stringers corresponds approximately to the length of a cladding piece that is intended to straddle the two stringers.
• the stringers are in a porous structural material, in particular based on mortar comprising sand and cement, preferably the mortar being dosed with a quantity of cement greater than that of a traditional cement mortar screed, such as according to a cement dosage greater than 180 kg/m 3 .
• the stringers are made of mortar comprising cement and sand, and the through-holes of the drainage system are smaller in diameter than the grain size of the sand used in the mortar. Specifically, the holes are no more than 4 mm in diameter.
• each of the drainage devices has a perforated longitudinal groove with through holes, the perforated groove being at the midline (the middle) of a stringer.
• the process includes a step of bonding a coating
• This system consists of multiple cladding panels, preferably ceramic tiles at least 20 mm thick, separated by gaps that remain open over time (without a sealant joint).
• the cladding panels should be level in a horizontal plane (by leveling the top surface of the foundation beams).
• the cladding on the supporting structure is free of sealant joints; water necessarily passes through the gaps in the cladding panels, through the porous mortar beams, to the drainage system, and then to the concrete footing, particularly between the beams, before finally flowing away along the slope of the concrete footing.
• the absence of joints allows for a further reduction in material usage.
• the surface is easy to maintain; it can be pressure-washed without damaging the joints, and the water drains away at the concrete base without pooling.
• the structure is well-ventilated, which accelerates drying.
• the structure can withstand temperature changes without being damaged.
• the drainage devices are molded drainage slabs which each include, in a single piece, male-female shapes for assembling drainage slabs together and/or include breakable parts for cutting a drainage slab to a smaller surface.
• the plastic material of the drainage devices is chosen from the following plastic materials: polyurethane (PU), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), mixture of high-density polyethylene and low-density polyethylene (HDPE/LDPE), and polypropylene (PP).
• PU polyurethane
• HDPE high-density polyethylene
• HDPE/LDPE mixture of high-density polyethylene and low-density polyethylene
• PP polypropylene
• a drainage device (a drainage slab) has a hardness suitable to withstand a minimum compression of 500 kg/ m2 , while being flexible enough to conform to the imperfections of the concrete footing after the installation of the stringers.
• the invention also relates to a plastic drainage device, in particular for a support and drainage structure of the aforementioned invention or the implementation of the aforementioned method of the invention, the drainage device conforming to the following characteristics.
• the drainage device In the operating position, the drainage device extends continuously across the concrete footing, or discontinuously when used for the The aforementioned method and support and drainage structure of the invention. In discontinuous use, the drainage devices constitute localized surface areas in the form of drainage slabs (but do not constitute raised plastic blocks).
• the drainage device has a (solid) thickness and two opposing faces called lower and upper, the lower face comprising raised elements with a support function (for the device) and spaced to provide empty spaces between them (intended for the passage of water under the device in its installed position), and comprising in its thickness through orifices (for conveying water from the upper face to the lower face), characterized in that it forms a rigid slab (and not a sheet) (constituting a solid and rigid support) and the upper face (with a solid surface) has an inclined surface and at least one groove which is perforated by the through orifices (the groove has a solid bottom (and does not constitute a longitudinal slot) with through orifices which are spaced according to the length of the groove), the inclined surface opening onto the perforated groove, preferably said at least one perforated groove extending continuously from an edge (called transverse edge).
• a "rigid slab” is defined as a structural element that cannot bend and/or curl (unlike a sheet), that is, a structural element that is sufficiently thick and rigid to prevent bending and/or curling.
• the rigid slab has a solid thickness, unlike the receptacle or hollow bowl of the patent.
• EP2216459B1 According to one characteristic, the rigid slab is monolithic (with the longitudinal elements (in mortar) directly attached to its surface). The rigid slab thus provides homogeneous and stable support for the longitudinal mortar element across its entire upper surface, except for one or two longitudinal edges (for water drainage). According to another characteristic, the rigid slab is solid across its entire surface.
• the inclined surface comprises at least one inclined face, preferably two inclined faces which extend over the entire upper face and which are inclined (inwards from the device) from two opposite edges of the device until they meet along a median line which constitutes said at least one perforated groove.
• the upper face of the inclined surface is textured by providing an alternation of parallel grooves and ribs which open onto said at least one perforated groove,
• the grooves and ribs are oriented obliquely to the perforated groove.
• the alternating grooves and ribs viewed from above, create parallel chevrons across the entire upper surface, with the points of the chevrons (V-shaped) aligned to form the perforated groove.
• the ribs advantageously serve to provide a bond for the mortar in the stringers.
• the drainage slab is oblong, preferably rectangular, and includes, perpendicular to said shape, at least one perforated groove, one or more spaced transverse lines (preferably solid) that are breakable (preferably by reducing the thickness of the slab at these transverse lines) so as to delimit within the drainage slab several sections called individual drainage pads, which can be separated individually or in groups (to form a drainage slab with a smaller surface area). This allows the length of the slab to be adapted by easily cutting it.
• the drainage slab is generally parallelepiped in shape and delimited by edges, and has on at least two opposite edges, preferably on each of its edges, mutually cooperating male-female types, in particular two perpendicular adjacent edges having male forms while the other two opposite adjacent edges have female forms.
• the male-female forms are used, in particular, to assemble several drainage slabs or drainage pads, notably in one direction and/or another, especially in a single direction intended to correspond to the longitudinal direction of a foundation beam to be manufactured.
• a drainage slab is produced by molding, preferably the plastic material being chosen from the following plastic materials, PU, HDPE, HDPE/LDPE, and PP.
• the method for creating a support and drainage structure according to the invention has the particularity of providing a support structure that is discontinuous with respect to the concrete footing, not covering it entirely like a conventional screed, thus saving on the quantity of material used.
• the method is particularly applicable to a ceramic tile covering at least 20 mm thick.
• the drainage device of the invention it is not limited to the method of creating a discontinuous support and drainage structure (not covering the entire footing) and can be used to create a so-called continuous support and drainage structure, which covers the entire surface. foundation, when floor coverings other than ceramic tiles at least 20 mm thick are used.
• coverings with natural stone slabs require, for good bonding of the slabs, a continuous support structure extending over the entire concrete foundation, or ceramic tiles less than 20 mm thick require, to avoid weakening them, a similarly continuous support structure extending over the entire foundation; however, the particular drainage device of the invention may also be used.
• THE figures 1 and 2 illustrate a preferred example of a support and drainage structure 1 according to the invention to be constructed on a concrete footing (concrete slab) 2 having a typical slope of at least 1 cm/meter.
• the structure 1 serves to support and drain an exterior floor covering 3, such as tiles, to form a structure such as, for example, a terrace.
• the support and drainage structure 1 comprises a mortar (cement mortar) surface 10 and a plurality of plastic drainage devices 4 arranged beneath the mortar surface 10.
• the structure 1 will have a design variation in its surface area but will utilize the drainage devices 4, which will be systematically arranged beneath the mortar surface 10.
• the preferred example of the invention of a drainage device 4 is illustrated in detail in the figures 3 to 5 .
• the structure 1 is advantageously discontinuous, that is to say that it does not extend in one piece over the whole surface of the base 2.
• This first configuration of the structure 1 is the preferred embodiment of the invention and the one described in all the figures because it uses much less material, both in mortar and in drainage devices 4 of the invention for the structure 1, and in adhesive mortar for the bonding of the tiles 30 (because less surface to be bonded).
• This discontinuous structure 1 comprises a mortar surface 10 which includes, on the one hand, a plurality of longline elements 11 of the stringer type extending over the footing 2 in lines, preferably continuous, parallel and spaced providing intercalated volumes 12 empty, and on the other hand, drainage devices 4 arranged in lines (preferably in continuous lines if the stringers are in continuous lines) under the whole surface of the stringers 11 while being at the right of or overhanging at least one of the edges (one of the sides) of each stringer and along the whole length of each stringer.
• the stringers 11 form support and fixing surfaces for the tiles 30 according to partial bearing areas in relation to the surface of each tile because the tiles 30 are arranged straddling two adjacent stringers 11, the interstitial volumes 12 of void extending under part of the tiles.
• structure 1 is continuous and extends monolithically over the entire surface of the footing 2, with the mortar surface 10 extending over The entire surface of the base 2 (like a conventional screed of the prior art), with the drainage devices 4 of the invention extending over the entire area of the mortar surface 10, but nevertheless interfacing with the base 2 and beneath the mortar surface 10.
• This second configuration of the continuous mortar surface 10 provides a screed configuration to support a covering that is either thinner than 20 mm tiles and could easily break if the load-bearing surface via the structure 1 did not extend over the entire surface of the tiles, or too heavy, such as stone slabs, which, for safety, would require a load-bearing surface corresponding to the entire surface of the stone slabs.
• the support and drainage structure 1 will include the drainage devices 4 illustrated in the figures. figures 3 to 6 .
• the method for implementing the invention described below is dedicated to the creation of a discontinuous support and drainage structure 1 (first configuration).
• the figure 1 diagram shows the discontinuous support and drainage structure 1 under construction, one of the stringers 11 not going to the end of the drainage device 4 to facilitate understanding of the structure.
• the drainage devices 4 which are arranged under the mortar surface 10 (the stringers 11) allow the water which has infiltrated into the mortar surface - the stringers 11 - to be evacuated from this mortar layer by being drained to the concrete footing 2 which, by its slope, will allow the water to flow to the outer edge of the distal end of the footing, outside the structure.
• the water descends by gravity through the mortar stringers 11 (porous material) to the upper surface 41 of the drainage devices 4, passes through the through orifices 40A and reaches under the lower face 42 in the pathway spaces 42B and finally drains away via the longitudinal edges 43 and 44 which open onto the footing 2. Therefore, the water does not stagnate under the tiling in the mortar layer.
• the drainage devices 4 are made of rigid plastic. They preferably have a thickness of at least 20 mm. They are rigid in that they cannot curl up like a sheet of drainage material. Each of the drainage devices 4 has a hardness suitable for withstanding a minimum compression of 500 kg/ m2 , while being flexible enough to conform to imperfections in the concrete footing 2 after the construction (in situ fabrication and on the drainage device) of a foundation beam 11.
• the drainage devices 4 are fixed to the concrete footing 2. They are fixed, for example, by adhesive or anchoring nails.
• the drainage devices 4 are spaced and arranged in parallel, spaced lines.
• the devices drainage devices 4 are fixed to the footing 2 and serve (in addition to a drainage function) as means of identification and referencing to carry out in situ the stringers 11 which must be made in parallel lines and not extend beyond said drainage devices.
• a drainage system 4 is used to construct the discontinuous structure 1 in the form of a continuous strip.
• this strip is formed from a plurality of rectangular drainage slabs 4A, 4B, etc., one of which is illustrated in the diagram. figure 3 and described in more detail below.
• the drainage slabs 4A, 4B, etc. are butted together in line to obtain the required length, and preferably coupled via male-female mutual cooperation forms 45 and 46 as explained below.
• the drainage slabs 4A, 4B, etc. can also be butted together perpendicularly to their longitudinal direction to obtain the desired width.
• the stringers 11 are arranged in parallel and spaced rows. Their longitudinal direction preferably runs in the direction of the slope of the concrete footing 2.
• the stringers 11 directly support the tiles 30.
• the tiles 30 are fixed to the upper face 110 of the stringers 11, opposite the drainage devices 4, using adhesive mortar.
• a layer of fibrous insulating material may be placed between the upper face 110 of the stringers and the tiles 30.
• Each longitudinal member 11 has a parallelepiped body ( figure 2 ) comprising the upper face 110, an opposite lower face 111, and opposite longitudinal edges or sides 112 and 113.
• Each stringer 11 extends from one end to the other of the footing 2.
• Each stringer 11 extends continuously over the length of the footing 2.
• a stringer 11 may be discontinuous.
• Each beam 11 is made of mortar, preferably fiber-reinforced.
• the mortar has a higher cement content than a traditional screed mortar.
• the mortar has a cement content of at least 180 kg/ m3 .
• Each beam 11 is manufactured on-site. The mortar is slurred (there is no need for formwork since it is sufficiently loaded) and once the shape of the stringer is made, it is cut at the level of its longitudinal edges (vertical edges) 112 and 113, vertically or slightly recessed from the associated drainage device 4 so that the drainage device 4 is not covered on its longitudinal edge(s) 43 and 44 to allow the water to be evacuated outside the drainage device 4.
• Each longitudinal edge 43, 44 of a drainage device 4 is therefore either at the level of the longitudinal edge 112, 113 of a stringer 11, or in overhang of this edge of stringer.
• Each stringer 11 has a longitudinal median line X, and the distance between two median lines of two adjacent stringers 11 corresponds approximately to the length of a tile 30 that is glued across the two stringers.
• the tiles 30 are rectangular, their long sides are perpendicular to the stringers 11 and their short sides are parallel to the stringers, the gap 31 separating the short sides of two adjacent tiles being vertically aligned with the median line X of the stringers.
• each stringer 11 is preferably identical.
• the width of a stringer 11 depends on the size of the tiles 30.
• the width L1+L2 ( figure 2 ) the load-bearing capacity of a tile 30 supported astride two adjacent stringers 11 is greater than or equal to half the length of a tile 30 extending from one stringer to the adjacent one, which guarantees the resistance of the coating.
• the width of a stringer 11 is 600 mm and the spacing d ( figure 2
• the distance between two adjacent stringers 11 is between 500 and 600 mm.
• the gap 31 between the tiles is, for example, 2 mm.
• the bearing width L1+L2 of each tile 30 is twice 300 mm, or 600 mm.
• the stringers 11 must largely cover the drainage devices 4, which nevertheless have their longitudinal edges 43 and 44 that are vertical or extend beyond the longitudinal edges 112 and 113 of the stringers 11.
• figures 1 and 2 show that one of the longitudinal edges 112 is vertical (plumb) to the drainage devices 4, while the other longitudinal edge 113 of the stringers is set back from the associated longitudinal edge 44 of the drainage devices 4 (the longitudinal edge 44 of a drainage device protrudes from and below the longitudinal edge 113 of the associated stringer).
• the figure 7 illustrates drainage devices 4 which protrude from the two longitudinal edges 112 and 113 of the stringers 11.
• Drainage devices 4 are manufactured by molding. Their plastic material is preferably chosen from the following materials: PU, HDPE, HDPE/LDPE, and PP.
• the raised support elements 42A on the lower face 42 are regularly distributed over the surface ( figure 4 Furthermore, the raised support elements 42A are connected by rigid connecting elements 42C, which are shorter than the raised support elements (the raised elements 42A protrude beyond the connecting elements 42C).
• the connecting elements 42C act as stiffeners or reinforcing arches. Water is intended to flow under the connecting elements 42C and between the raised support elements 42A, in the gaps 42B.
• the raised support elements 42A form support points at the intersection of spaced, parallel lines that are both parallel to the longitudinal edges 43 and 44 and perpendicular to them, thus forming quadrilaterals (squares and rectangles).
• the connecting elements 42C correspond to the sides of the quadrilaterals, and the raised support elements 42A are located at the corners of these quadrilaterals.
• the raised elements 42 have a right-angled geometry at the intersection of the longitudinal edges 43 and 44 and the perpendicular lines of the connecting elements 42C.
• the dimensions of a 4A drainage slab are as follows: 600 mm long (also along the longitudinal direction of a stringer 11) and 200 mm wide (direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of a stringer), and 20 mm thick.
• the drainage slab 4A (like every other drainage slab 4B, 4C, etc.) is molded into a single piece with mutually cooperating shapes at its edges for assembly with other drainage slabs.
• the mutually cooperating shapes are of the type male shapes 45 and female shapes 46 as seen in the figures 3 And 4 It is therefore possible to adapt to the length of a drainage system by assembling another drainage slab 4B at the distal end of drainage slab 4A. It will also be possible to extend it in the direction of the width a drainage device by adding drainage slabs 4C and 4D laterally to drainage slabs 4A and 4B.
• the male forms 45 are arranged on a longitudinal edge 44 of the drainage slab and on an adjacent transverse edge 44'.
• the male forms 45 protrude from the thickness 40 and are coplanar with the lower face 42 of the drainage slab.
• the female forms 46 are arranged on the opposite longitudinal edge 43 and on the other adjacent transverse edge 43'.
• the female forms 46 form slots in the thickness 40.
• the male forms 45 cooperate with the slots 46 to fit under the lower face 42 and are held by the thickness 40 of the drainage slab on each side of the slots.
• the drainage slab 4A (like other drainage slabs) advantageously includes sections that can be cut transversely along its length by parallel and spaced cutting lines 47 that are perpendicular to the length (the strip) of the drainage slab.
• the cutting lines 47 create individual, cuttable drainage pads 4'.
• the drainage slab 4A has three 4' drainage pads. Each 4' drainage pad is rectangular. Alternatively, the 4' drainage pads could be square.
• two drainage slabs 4E and 4F were added to increase the length and width of drainage slabs 4A to 4D, having previously cut along a cutting line 47 an individual drainage pad 4' to retain only two for each drainage slab 4E and 4F.
• the cutting line 47 is advantageously provided by a reduced thickness of the drainage slab in various places 48 on the lower face 42, located to draw parallel lines ( figure 4 ).
• the drainage slab 4A or each drainage pad 4' can be cut lengthwise along a center line corresponding to a perforated line 49 with through holes 40A, as explained later. Again, this lengthwise cutability allows for even better adaptation to the width of the drainage system 4.
• the perforated line 49 forms a perforated groove 41 on its upper face to collect water like a gutter.
• the drainage device 4 has an inclined surface for the upper face 41, in particular with a double slope provided by two inclined sections 41A and 41B which start from each of the longitudinal edges 43 and 44 and converge towards the middle up to the Perforated groove 49.
• the bottom of the groove 49 has through holes 40.
• the groove 49 collects, like a gutter, the water flowing down the slopes of the sides 41A and 41B.
• the double slope 41A, 41B is, for example, such that the thickness 40 of the drainage slab (i.e., of the drainage system) is 20 mm at the edges 43 and 44 and is only 10 mm at the central groove 49.
• the inclined upper surface 41 is textured by providing an alternation of parallel grooves 49A and ribs 49B that open onto at least one perforated groove 49.
• the grooves 49A and the ribs 49B are oriented obliquely with respect to the perforated groove 49.
• the alternation of the grooves and ribs forms chevrons—inverted V-shapes—parallel to one another across the entire upper surface, the points of the chevrons (of the Vs) being aligned to form the perforated groove 49.
• the grooves 49A serve to channel water to the perforated groove 49.
• the ribs 49B advantageously serve to provide a bond for the mortar of the stringers 11.
• Diagram 4 illustrates another example of the implementation of a drainage system and drainage slab.
• the drainage system 4 comprises multiple through-holes 40A distributed across its thickness and upper surface 41, without necessarily any slope, while maintaining a sufficient solid surface area to ensure the required rigidity of the drainage system.
• slopes and drainage channels could be incorporated into the upper face, converging and opening onto the longitudinal edges 43 and 44 of the drainage system, while still including through-holes 40A.

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• Architecture (AREA)
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Citations (3)

• 2024
  • 2024-05-10 FR FR2404846A patent/FR3162057A1/fr active Pending
• 2025
  • 2025-05-10 EP EP25175566.6A patent/EP4647564A1/de active Pending

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