EP4658882A1 - Système et procédé comprenant une alimentation en oxydant pour brûleur à conduit de générateur de vapeur à récupération de chaleur - Google Patents

Système et procédé comprenant une alimentation en oxydant pour brûleur à conduit de générateur de vapeur à récupération de chaleur

Info

Publication number
EP4658882A1
EP4658882A1 EP23931135.0A EP23931135A EP4658882A1 EP 4658882 A1 EP4658882 A1 EP 4658882A1 EP 23931135 A EP23931135 A EP 23931135A EP 4658882 A1 EP4658882 A1 EP 4658882A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxidant
supply
exhaust gas
gas
duct burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23931135.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Majed Sammak
Parag P. Kulkarni
Gian Luigi AGOSTINELLI
Stephen K. Fulcher
John E. Sholes
Michelle G. YORK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ge Vernova Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Ge Vernova Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ge Vernova Technology GmbH filed Critical Ge Vernova Technology GmbH
Publication of EP4658882A1 publication Critical patent/EP4658882A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/103—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with afterburner in exhaust boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/103—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with afterburner in exhaust boiler
    • F01K23/105—Regulating means specially adapted therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/34—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid with recycling of part of the working fluid, i.e. semi-closed cycles with combustion products in the closed part of the cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C9/48—Control of fuel supply conjointly with another control of the plant
    • F02C9/50—Control of fuel supply conjointly with another control of the plant with control of working fluid flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
    • F05D2270/08—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases
    • F05D2270/083—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases by monitoring combustion conditions
    • F05D2270/0831—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases by monitoring combustion conditions indirectly, at the exhaust

Definitions

  • the present application relates generally to a system and method for supplying an oxidant to a duct burner of a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) downstream from a combustion sy stem (e.g., a gas turbine sy stem), such as during an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) mode.
  • HRSG heat recovery steam generator
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation
  • An industrial plant such as a combustion-driven power plant, may include the HRSG to generate steam using heat from an exhaust gas generated by a combustion system.
  • the combustion system may include a gas turbine engine, a reciprocating piston-cylinder engine, a furnace, or other industrial equipment.
  • the exhaust gas may include one or more undesirable gases, such as acid gases and/or greenhouse gases.
  • the undesirable gases may include carbon oxides (COx) such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and/or sulfur oxides (SOx) such as sulfur dioxide (SO2).
  • CO2 is both an acid gas and a greenhouse gas.
  • a gas treatment system and/or an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system may be used to help reduce emissions of the undesirable gases.
  • the EGR system replaces a portion of the intake air with recirculated exhaust gas, thereby reducing NOx lowering oxygen content in the exhaust gas.
  • the lower oxygen content may complicate efforts to generate steam in the HRSG.
  • a system includes a duct burner configured to add heat via combustion to an exhaust gas directed through a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), a fuel supply configured to supply a fuel to the duct burner, and an oxidant supply configured to supply an oxidant to the duct burner.
  • the system also includes a controller having a memory, a processor, and instructions stored on the memory and executable by the processor to: control the fuel supply to supply the fuel to the duct burner, and control the oxidant supply to supply the oxidant to the duct burner, wherein the control of the oxidant supply is based on a comparison of an oxygen content in the exhaust gas to an oxygen threshold.
  • a system includes a controller having a memory, a processor, and instructions stored on the memory and executable by the processor to: control a fuel supply to supply a fuel to a duct burner of a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), wherein the duct burner is configured to add heat via combustion to an exhaust gas directed through the HRSG.
  • the controller is also configured to control an oxidant supply to supply an oxidant to the duct burner, wherein the control of the oxidant supply is based on a comparison of an oxygen content in the exhaust gas to an oxygen threshold.
  • a method includes controlling, via a controller, a fuel supply to supply a fuel to a duct burner of a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), wherein the duct burner is configured to add heat via combustion to an exhaust gas directed through the HRSG.
  • the method further includes controlling, via the controller, an oxidant supply to supply an oxidant to the duct burner, wherein the control of the oxidant supply is based on a comparison of an oxygen content in the exhaust gas to an oxygen threshold.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a combined cycle system having a gas turbine system, a steam turbine system, a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), a gas treatment system having one or more gas capture systems, and a thermal control system having a duct burner coupled to the HRSG.
  • HRSG heat recovery steam generator
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic of an embodiment of the combined cycle system of FIG. 1, illustrating an embodiment of the thermal control system having multiple oxidant supplies and a fuel supply coupled to the duct burner.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a process for operating the combined cycle system of FIGS. 1-2, illustrating control logic for operating the thermal control system.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a process for operating the combined cycle system of FIGS. 1-2, illustrating control logic for operating the thermal control system.
  • the disclosed embodiments include systems and methods to add heat to a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) using a duct burner, wherein the exhaust gas flowing to the HRSG has a low oxygen content.
  • HRSG heat recovery steam generator
  • the disclosed embodiments enable an oxidant supply to supply an oxidant (e.g., air, oxygen, oxygen-enriched air, oxygen-reduce air, or other oxygen containing gas) directly or indirectly to the duct burner based on a comparison of an oxygen content in the exhaust gas to an oxygen threshold (e.g., lower oxygen threshold or both lower and upper oxygen thresholds).
  • an oxygen threshold e.g., lower oxygen threshold or both lower and upper oxygen thresholds.
  • the disclosed embodiments may monitor a temperature and an oxygen content of the exhaust gas, compare the temperature against a temperature threshold, compare the oxygen content against the oxygen threshold, and control both a fuel supply and the oxygen supply based on the comparisons. If the temperature is above the temperature threshold (e.g., lower temperature threshold), then the duct burner may not be operated to add heat to the exhaust gas. If the temperature is below the temperature threshold (e.g., lower temperature threshold), then the duct burner may be operated to add heat to the exhaust gas by controlling the fuel supply to supply fuel and by controlling the oxidant supply to supply the oxidant (if needed) to support combustion by the duct burner.
  • a temperature threshold e.g., lower temperature threshold
  • the duct burner may be operated to add heat to the exhaust gas by controlling the fuel supply to supply fuel and by controlling the oxidant supply to supply the oxidant (if needed) to support combustion by the duct burner.
  • the oxidant supply may be operated to supply a sufficient amount of oxidant (e.g., oxidant augmentation or oxidant enrichment) to raise the oxygen content to at least meet or exceed the oxygen threshold.
  • the lower oxygen threshold may be approximately 10, 11, or 12 (plus or minus 0.5) percent by volume of oxygen in the exhaust gas.
  • the lower oxygen threshold may be approximately 10.5 (plus or minus 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5) percent by volume of oxygen in the exhaust gas. Otherwise, if the oxygen content in the exhaust gas is at or above the oxygen threshold, then the oxidant supply may reduce or stop supplying the oxidant in a manner maintaining the oxygen content at least at the oxygen threshold.
  • the oxidant supply may include an ejector (e.g., a variable ejector) and/or a compressor.
  • the oxidant supply may include a compressor driven by a steam turbine, a compressor driven by an electric drive (e.g., electric motor), a compressor driven by a reciprocating engine, a compressor driven by a gas turbine, and/or another suitable oxidant supply.
  • the ejector may be configured to entrain the oxidant into a motive fluid (e g., EGR gas) to provide an oxidant-fluid mixture, which is then supplied to the duct burner.
  • a motive fluid e.g., EGR gas
  • the compressors may include axial compressors, centrifugal compressors, rotary screw compressors, rotary vane compressors, reciprocating piston compressors, or any combination thereof. Accordingly, the oxidant supply enables the duct burner to operate to add heat as needed for the HRSG, particularly in systems having EGR and a gas treatment system (e.g., a gas capture system) as discussed in further detail below.
  • a gas treatment system e.g., a gas capture system
  • the disclosed embodiments are configured to reduce the carbon footprint of combustion systems, such as combustion-driven power plants and/or combined cycle power plants, using a gas treatment system having one or more gas capture systems.
  • the gas capture systems are configured to remove undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) from the intake air and/or the exhaust gas of the combustion systems.
  • the gas capture systems may include sorbent-based gas capture systems, solvent-based gas capture systems, cryogenic gas capture systems, or a combination thereof.
  • the gas capture systems may include one or more temperature swing adsorption (TSA) units or adsorbers, which rely on temperature swings to adsorb undesirable gases at a first temperature (e.g., low temperature) and desorb the undesirable gases at a second temperature (e.g., high temperature).
  • TSA temperature swing adsorption
  • the sorbent-based gas capture systems are configured to adsorb the undesirable gases into a sorbent material, and then subsequently desorb the undesirable gases from the sorbent material using a heat source (e g., steam from the HRSG, steam from the steam turbine system, or other steam source).
  • a heat source e g., steam from the HRSG, steam from the steam turbine system, or other steam source.
  • the solvent-based gas capture systems may include an absorber configured to absorb the undesirable gas into a solvent, and a stripper configured to strip the undesirable gas from the solvent using steam (e.g., steam from the HRSG, steam from the steam turbine system, or other steam source).
  • steam e.g., steam from the HRSG, steam from the steam turbine system, or other steam source.
  • the solvent-based gas capture systems are discussed as using a solvent as an absorbent fluid, the disclosed embodiments may use any suitable absorbent fluid for capturing undesirable gases. Accordingly, the solvent-based gas capture system also may be described as a fluid absorbent-based gas capture system.
  • the duct burner enhanced with the oxidant supply may be used in a variety of configurations with the HRSG. Although specific examples are provide below, the duct burner enhanced with the oxidant supply may be used in any suitable manner with or without an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system, with or without various gas capture systems, and with various combustion systems.
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a combined cycle system 10 having a gas turbine system 12, a steam turbine system 14, a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) 16, and a gas treatment system 18 having one or more gas capture systems 20.
  • the combined cycle system 10 includes a thermal control system 22 coupled to the HRSG 16, wherein the thermal control system 22 is configured to adjust a temperature of an exhaust gas flow through the HRSG 16.
  • the thermal control system 22 includes one or more duct burners 24 coupled to a fluid supply system 25, wherein the duct burners 24 are disposed inside the HRSG 16 along the exhaust flow path.
  • the fluid supply system 22 includes an oxidant supply or oxidant supply system 26 and a fuel supply or fuel supply system 28 coupled to the duct burner 24.
  • the oxidant supply 26 also may be described as an oxidant augmentation or enrichment system, such as an oxygen and/or air augmentation system.
  • the oxidant supply 26 may be part of the original thermal control system 22, or added to an existing duct burner 24 as part of a retrofit kit. In some embodiments, the entire thermal control system 22 may be a retrofit kit for an existing HRSG 16 and combined cycle system 10.
  • the thermal control system 22 may selectively operate the duct burner 24 to combust fuel from the fuel supply 28 with oxygen in the exhaust gas flow and/or an oxidant from the oxidant supply 26 when a temperature in the exhaust gas flow is below a temperature threshold (e.g., lower temperature threshold), or not operate (or reduce heat output of) the duct burner 24 when the temperature in the exhaust gas flow is at or above the temperature threshold.
  • a temperature threshold e.g., lower temperature threshold
  • the thermal control system 22 may selectively operate the duct burner 24 to combust fuel from the fuel supply 28 with oxygen in the exhaust gas flow and/or the oxidant from the oxidant supply 26 when the gas turbine system 12 is operating in an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) mode, or not operate (or reduce heat output of) the duct burner 24 when the gas turbine system 12 is not operating the EGR mode. Vanous aspects of the thermal control system 22 are discussed in further detail below.
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation
  • the gas treatment system 18 includes the one or more gas capture systems 20 to capture an undesirable gas (e.g., CO2) from a gas, such as exhaust gas and/or air.
  • the gas capture systems 20 may include sorbentbased gas capture systems, solvent-based gas capture systems, cryogenic gas capture systems, or any combination thereof.
  • the gas turbine system 12 may include an intake section 40, a compressor or compressor section 42, a combustor section 44, a gas turbine or turbine section 46, and an exhaust section 48.
  • the compressor section 42 may include at least one shaft 50 disposed along the rotational axis 36, a casing 52 (e.g., annular casing) disposed circumferentially about the at least one shaft 50, a plurality of rotating compressor blades 54 extending radially outward from the at least one shaft 50, and a plurality of stationary' compressor vanes 56 extending radially inward from the casing 52 toward the at least one shaft 50.
  • a casing 52 e.g., annular casing
  • the compressor section 42 may include a plurality of compressor stages 58, each having a plurality of the compressor vanes 56 spaced circumferentially about the at least one shaft 50 at an axial position, and a plurality of the compressor blades 54 spaced circumferentially about the at least one shaft 50 at a different axial position (i.e., the compressor vanes 56 and the compressor blades 58 are axially spaced apart).
  • the compressor section 42 is configured to receive a flow of an intake gas 60 from the intake section 40 and to progressively compress the intake gas 60 through the plurality of compressor stages 58.
  • the intake gas 60 may include an intake air, an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) flow or recirculated exhaust gas, or a combination thereof.
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation
  • the combustor section 44 may include one or more combustors 62, such as a single annular combustor disposed circumferentially about the rotational axis 36 or a plurality of combustors 62 circumferentially spaced about the rotational axis 36.
  • each combustor 62 includes a head end portion 64 coupled to a combustion portion 66.
  • the combustion portion 66 includes a combustion chamber 68, a combustor liner 70 disposed circumferentially about the combustion chamber 68, a flow sleeve 72 disposed circumferentially about the combustor liner 70, and a passage 74 extending between the combustor liner 70 and the flow sleeve 72.
  • the passage 74 is configured to route a compressed gas flow in an upstream direction 76 toward a head end chamber 78 disposed in the head end portion 64.
  • the head end chamber 78 and the combustion chamber 68 of the combustor 62 are separated or divided from one another by an intermediate plate 80.
  • a plurality of fuel nozzles 82 are coupled to the intermediate plate 80 and an end plate 84 of the head end portion 64.
  • each combustor 62 receives a compressed gas 86 (e.g., air, EGR, etc.) from the compressor section 42, routes the compressed gas 86 along the passage 74 toward the head end chamber 78 as indicated by arrow 76, and routes the compressed gas through the fuel nozzles 82 into the combustion chamber 68.
  • a compressed gas 86 e.g., air, EGR, etc.
  • each combustor 62 may receive one or more fuel flows from a fuel system 88 coupled to the fuel nozzles 82, wherein the fuel system 88 includes a fuel supply system 90 coupled to one or more fuel circuits 92.
  • the fuel circuits 92 may include fuel circuits 94, 96, and 98 coupled to different sets of the fuel nozzles 82.
  • the fuel circuits 92 (e.g., 94, 96, and 98) may include fuel conduits, fuel manifolds, fuel valves, pressure regulators, and other flow controls.
  • the fuel system 88 is configured to supply one or more fuels, such as liquid and/or gas fuels, into each of the fuel nozzles 82 for injection into the combustion chamber 68.
  • the fuels may include natural gas, syngas generated from a gasifier, methane, hydrogen, biofuel, fuel oils, or any combination thereof.
  • the combined cycle system 10 may be a natural gas combined cycle system.
  • the fuel supply system 90 may include a plurality of components to control flows of the various fluids to the combustor 62.
  • the fuel supply system 90 may include one or more components 100.
  • the components 100 may include one or more fuel tanks, fuel pumps, valves, pressure regulators, flow regulators, filters, water removal units, particulate removal units, manifolds, flow controllers, or any combination thereof.
  • the fuel nozzles 82 are configured to inject one or more fuels from the fuel system 88 and the compressed gas 86 from the compressor section 42.
  • the fuel nozzles 82 are configured to inject a compressed air 104 from a compressor system 106 having an air compressor 108 coupled to a drive 110, such as an electric motor, a combustion engine, a shaft coupled to the gas turbine system 12, or another suitable drive.
  • the compressor system 106 is configured to supply the compressed air 104 to the combustor section 44, such as through a compressor discharge casing of the compressor section 42 for delivery into the combustor section 44.
  • any suitable air supply configuration may be used with the gas turbine system 12.
  • the compressor section 42 supplies the compressed gas 86 (e.g., compressed exhaust gas) to each combustor 62, while the compressor system 106 supplies the compressed air 104 to each combustor 62.
  • the compressed gas 86 e.g., compressed exhaust gas
  • the compressor section 42 supplies the compressed gas 86 (e.g., compressed air) to each combustor 62 without any need for additional air supplies
  • the compressor system 106 may optionally supply the compressed air 104 to each combustor 62.
  • the fuel may be combusted with the air in the combustion chamber 68 of each combustor 62, thereby generating a hot combustion gas 112 for delivery from the combustion chamber 68 into the turbine section 46.
  • the turbine section 46 includes at least one shaft 114 disposed along the rotational axis 36, a casing 116 (e.g., annular casing) disposed circumferentially about the at least one shaft 114, a plurality of rotating turbine blades 118 extending radially outward from the at least one shaft 114, and a plurality of stationary turbine vanes 120 extending radially inward from the casing 116 toward the at least one shaft 114.
  • a casing 116 e.g., annular casing
  • the turbine section 46 may include a plurality of turbine stages 122, each having a plurality of the turbine vanes 120 spaced circumferentially about the at least one shaft 114 at an axial position, and a plurality of the turbine blades 118 spaced circumferentially about the at least one shaft 114 at a different axial position (i.e., the turbine vanes 120 and the turbine blades 118 are axially spaced apart).
  • the at least one shaft 114 also may be coupled to the at least one shaft 50 of the compressor section 42 via at least one intermediate shaft 124. Additionally, the at least one shaft 114 may be coupled to a load 126 via a shaft 128.
  • the load 126 may include an electrical generator, a machine, a propulsion system for a vehicle, or any other suitable load.
  • the load 126 may be an electrical generator, such that the combined cycle system 10 is a combined cycle power plant.
  • the combustion gas 112 flows from the combustor 62 into the turbine section 46, wherein the combustion gas 112 progressively expands and drives rotation of the turbine blades 118 coupled to the at least one shaft 114 in each of the turbine stages 122.
  • the combustion gas 112 drives the turbine section 46, which in turn drives the compressor section 42 and the load 126 via the interconnected shafts 50, 124, 114, and 128.
  • the gas turbine system 12 may be configured with a common rotational direction of the shafts 50, 114, 124, and 128 and the connected compressor blades 54 and turbine blades 118.
  • the shafts 50, 114, 124, and 128 may be removably coupled together with shaft connections, such as flanged joints.
  • some of the shafts may be combined to reduce the number of shafts.
  • all of the illustrated shafts 50, 114 and 124 may represent a common shaft rotating in the common rotational direction, such as a clockwise or counterclockwise rotational direction.
  • the gas turbine system 12 can be configured with or without the compressor system 106 and an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system 150.
  • the EGR system 150 is configured to recirculate an exhaust gas 152, 184 output by the turbine section 46 after passing through the HRSG 16 back into the compressor section 42 (e.g., via intake section 40) for compression and delivery to the combustor section 44.
  • the gas turbine system 12 may exclude the EGR system 150 and intake only an airflow into the intake section 40 for compression by the compressor section 42.
  • the recirculated exhaust gas 152, 184 flows through the intake section 40 and each of the compressor stages 58 of the compressor section 42, thereby compressing the recirculated exhaust gas as the compressed gas 86 for delivery into combustor section 44.
  • the combustor section 44 may receive compressed air 104 from the air compressor 108 of the compressor system 106 through the fuel nozzles 82.
  • the combustor section 44 also receives the fuel from the fuel system 88, such as through the fuel nozzles 82.
  • the fuel from the fuel system 88 then combusts with the air from the compressor system 106 to generate the combustion gases 112, which then flow through the turbine section 46 to drive rotation of the turbine blades 118 in each of the turbine stages 122.
  • the recirculated exhaust gas displaces intake air and thus reduces the oxygen content in the combustor section 44, thereby helping to reduce the formation of certain emissions (e.g., nitrogen oxides (NOx)) associated with combustion in the combustor section 44.
  • the recirculated exhaust gas thus, reduces the oxygen content in the exhaust gas 152 delivered to the HRSG 16.
  • the compressor section 42 receives an airflow from the intake section 40, progressively compresses the airflow via the compressor stages 58, and delivers the compressed airflow as the compressed gas 86 into the combustor section 44.
  • the compressed airflow then facilitates combustion of the fuel from the fuel system 88, thereby generating the hot combustion gases 112 for delivery to the turbine section 46.
  • the compressor system 106 may be excluded or included to provide additional compressed air 104 to the combustor section 44.
  • the combustion gas 112 drives rotation of the turbine blades 118 in the turbine stages 122, thereby rotating the at least one shaft 114 coupled to the at least one shaft 50 of the compressor section 42 and the shaft 128 driving the load 126.
  • the exhaust gas 152 output by the turbine section 46 may then pass through the HRSG 16 for transfer of heat from the exhaust gas into water to generate steam for the steam turbine system 14.
  • the HRSG 16 may include a high-pressure section 160, an intermediate-pressure section 162, and a low-pressure section 164 in a series arrangement, thereby generating a high-pressure steam 166, an intermediate-pressure steam 168 and a low-pressure steam 170.
  • the HRSG 16 may include a plurality of components such as economizers, evaporators, superheaters, or any combination thereof, in each of the sections 160, 162, and 164.
  • the components of the HRSG 16 may be coupled together via various conduits and headers.
  • the components of the HRSG 16 include a finishing high-pressure superheater, a secondary re-heater, a primary re-heater, a primary high-pressure superheater, an inter-stage attemperator, an inter-stage attemperator, a high-pressure evaporator, a high-pressure economizer, an intermediate-pressure evaporator, an intermediate-pressure economizer, a low-pressure evaporator, and a low-pressure economizer.
  • the heat recovery steam generator 16 may route the high-pressure steam 166 to a high-pressure steam turbine 172, the intermediate-pressure steam 168 to an intermediate-pressure steam turbine 174, and the low-pressure steam 170 to a low- pressure steam turbine 176 of the steam turbine system 14.
  • the steam drives rotation of blades within each of the steam turbines 172, 174, 176, thereby driving a shaft 178 coupled to a load 180, such as an electric generator.
  • the low-pressure steam turbine 176 also may return a condensate 182 back to the low-pressure section 164 of the HRSG 16.
  • the HRSG 16 may then output the exhaust gas 152 as a partially cooled exhaust gas 184, which may then pass through the gas treatment system 18.
  • the gas treatment system 18 includes one or more gas capture systems 20.
  • the gas capture systems 20 may include any one or any combination of gas capture systems 190, 192, and 194, each having a plurality of components (e.g., components 196, 198, 200, and 202).
  • the gas capture systems 20 e.g., 190, 192, and 194 are configured to obtain a captured gas 204 from the intake gas 60 and/or the exhaust gas 152, 184.
  • the gas capture systems 20 e.g., 190, 192, and 194 may capture and output carbon dioxide (CO2) as the captured gas 204, which may further be directed to a compression system 206.
  • the compression system 206 may include one or more compressors configured to compress the captured gas 204 (e.g., CO2) and deliver the captured gas to storage and/or a pipeline 208.
  • the gas capture system 190 is disposed at, in, or upstream of the intake section 40 for capturing undesirable gases from the intake air.
  • the gas capture systems 192 and 194 are disposed downstream of the gas turbine system 12 and/or the HRSG 16 for capturing undesirable gases from the exhaust gas 152, 184.
  • the gas capture systems 20 (e.g., 190, 192, and 194) may include sorbent-based gas capture systems, solvent-based gas capture systems, cryogenic gas capture systems, or any combination thereof, configured to remove and capture undesirable gases.
  • the gas capture systems 20 may be configured to remove and capture undesirable gases, such as carbon oxides (COx) (e.g., carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO)), and thus the gas capture systems 20 may be described as carbon capture systems.
  • COx carbon oxides
  • CO2 carbon dioxide
  • CO2 carbon monoxide
  • the gas capture systems 20 may be configured to remove and capture undesirable gases, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) (e.g., nitrogen dioxide (NO2)), and thus the gas capture systems 20 may be described as NOx capture systems.
  • NOx nitrogen oxides
  • the gas capture systems 20 may be configured to remove and capture undesirable gases, such as sulfur oxides (SOx) (e.g., sulfur dioxide (SO2)), and thus the gas capture systems 20 may be described as SOx capture systems.
  • SOx sulfur oxides
  • the gas capture systems 20 e.g., 190, 192, and 194 may be described as sorbent-based carbon capture systems using sorbent materials as an example and/or solvent based carbon capture systems using liquid absorbents (e.g., solvents) as an example.
  • the embodiments disclosed herein may use any type or configuration of gas capture systems 20 (e.g., 190, 192, and 194) as noted above.
  • Each of the gas capture systems 20 may include components 196, 198, 200, and 202. Additionally, one or more components 210, 212, and 214 may be disposed upstream from the gas capture systems 192 and 194.
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 may include sorbent materials disposed on or in ducts (e.g., adsorption duct, desorption duct, and cooling duct), contactors, cartridges, moving beds, rotating wheels, cartridges, or any combination thereof, along a flow path of the intake gas 60 and/or the exhaust gas 152, 184.
  • the sorbent-based gas capture systems 20 are configured to adsorb the undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) into the sorbent materials in an adsorption mode and desorb the undesirable gases from the sorbent materials in a desorption mode.
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 may include a cooling system, such as heat exchangers (e.g., fin and tube heat exchangers), heat pipes, and other thermal control systems, coupled to the sorbent materials to help control the temperature of the sorbent materials during the adsorption mode (e.g., maintain sorbent temperatures between upper and lower temperature thresholds).
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 also may include heating systems, such as heated fluid systems (e.g., steam systems, electrical heaters, waste heat systems, etc.), configured to apply heat to the sorbent materials to desorb the undesirable gases from the sorbent materials during the desorption mode.
  • the sorbent-based gas capture systems 20 also may include other suitable components 196, 198, 200, and 202 in support of the sorbent materials.
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 may include one or more absorbers, one or more strippers, and a solvent circuit through the absorbers and strippers.
  • the absorber is configured to absorb the undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) into a solvent in an absorption mode, thereby outputting a treated gas (e g., treated air or treated exhaust gas) and a gas-rich solvent (e.g., CO2 rich solvent).
  • the stripper is configured to strip the undesirable gases from the gas-rich solvent in a desorption mode, thereby outputting a gas-lean solvent (e.g., CO2 lean solvent) back to the absorber and outputting the captured gas 204.
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 may include one or more cooling systems, such as heat exchangers (e.g., fin and tube heat exchangers), heat pipes, and other thermal control systems, coupled to the absorber to help control the temperature of the solvent to (e.g., maintain solvent temperatures within upper and lower temperature thresholds) to improve efficiency of the absorption mode.
  • the cooling systems may be arranged with a plurality of cooling circuits, each having heat exchangers, heat pipes, or other coolers, wherein the gas capture systems 20 may selectively use each of the cooling circuits depending on the solvent temperature and cooling needs.
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 also may include heating systems, such as heated fluid systems (e.g., steam systems, electrical heaters, waste heat systems, etc.), coupled to the strippers, wherein the heating systems are configured to apply heat to the gas-rich solvent to desorb the undesirable gases from the gas-rich solvent during the desorption mode.
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 also may include a reboiler coupled to the stripper, pumps and valves to control a flow of the solvent through the solvent circuit between the absorber and the stripper, and heat exchangers to cool the gas-lean solvent supplied to the absorber and to heat the gas-rich solvent supplied to the stripper.
  • the solvent-based gas capture systems 20 also may include other suitable components 196, 198, 200, and 202 in support of the absorbers and strippers.
  • the components 196, 198, 200, and 202 of the gas capture system 20 and/or the components 210, 212, and 214 upstream from the gas capture systems 192 and 194 may include one or more of a dryer or water removal system (e.g., water gas separator), a particulate removal system (e.g., filter and/or solid gas separator), one or more booster fans configured to boost a flow of the gas being treated, one or more valves to control a flow of gas to the gas capture system 20, a bypass system configured to bypass the gas capture system 20, or any combination thereof.
  • the components 210, 212, and 214 may include the water removal unit, the booster fan, and the valve, respectively.
  • the separators may include gravity separators, centrifugal separators, or a combination thereof.
  • the gas capture systems 20 e.g., 190, 192, and 194 may be described as multiple gas capture stages.
  • the gas treatment system 18 may include only a single stage and/or gas capture system 20.
  • the gas capture systems 20 may include only one, two, or all three of the gas capture systems 190, 192, and/or 194.
  • the exhaust gas 184 may partially or entirely bypass the gas treatment system 18 and flow to the EGR system 150, and/or the exhaust gas 184 may partially or entirely flow through the gas treatment system 18 before flowing to the EGR system 150.
  • the EGR system 150 may include various conduits, valves, and flow controls configured to provide at least a portion of the exhaust gas 152, 184 (e.g., EGR flow) to the intake section 40 for recirculation through the compressor section 42.
  • the EGR system 150 includes one or more exhaust gas cleaning systems, treatment systems, and/or cooling systems.
  • the combined cycle system 10 also includes a controller 220 coupled to the gas turbine system 12, the steam turbine system 14, the HRSG 16, the gas treatment system 18, the thermal control system 22, the fuel system 88, the EGR system 150, the compression system 106, and various sensors 222 distributed throughout the combined cycle system 10.
  • the controller 220 includes one or more processors 224, memory 226, instructions 228 stored on the memory 226 and executable by the processor 224, and communication circuitry 230 configured to communicate with the sensors 222 and various equipment throughout the combined cycle system 10.
  • the controller 220 is configured to control the fuel delivery and distribution from the fuel system 88 to the fuel nozzles 82 in the combustor section 44.
  • the controller 220 is configured to control operation of the gas capture systems 20 (e.g., 190, 192, and 194), such by controlling modes of operation (e.g., adsorption mode and desorption mode), controlling cooling and heating, controlling flows of various fluids (e.g., cooling and heating fluids) through the gas capture systems 20, or any combination thereof.
  • the controller 220 is configured to control operation of the thermal control system 22, such as by controlling the oxidant supply 26 and the fuel supply 28 of the fluid supply system 25 to control combustion by the duct burner 24.
  • the controller 220 may monitor sensor feedback (e.g., temperature sensor, oxygen sensor) indicative of a temperature and an oxygen content in the exhaust gas 152, and control the oxidant and fuel supplies 26 and 28 based on a comparison of the temperature to a temperature threshold (e.g., lower temperature threshold or both lower and upper temperature thresholds) and a comparison of the oxygen content to an oxygen threshold (e.g., lower oxygen threshold or both lower and upper oxygen thresholds).
  • the controller 220 also may control the oxidant and fuel supplies 26 and 28 based on an operating mode of the combined cycle system 10, such as an EGR mode when the EGR system 150 provides an EGR flow through the gas turbine system 12 and a non-EGR mode when the EGR system does not provide the EGR flow through the gas turbine system 12. Additional control aspects of the thermal control system 22 are discussed below.
  • the sensors 222 are configured to monitor various operational parameters of the combined cycle system 10.
  • the sensors 222 include temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow rate sensors, fluid composition sensors (e.g., gas composition sensors), vibration sensors, clearance sensors, speed sensors, humidity and/or moisture sensors, or any combination thereof.
  • the sensors 222 may monitor the parameters (e.g., temperature, pressure, flow rate, and fluid composition) at one or more locations of the compressor section 42, the combustor section 44, the turbine section 46, the gas treatment system 18, the steam turbine system 14, the HRSG 16, the thermal control system 22, or any combination thereof.
  • the sensors 222 may monitor compressor parameters (e.g., pressure ratio between the inlet and outlet of the compressor section 42), combustion gas parameters (e.g., firing temperature and combustion dynamics), turbine parameters (e.g., temperature and pressure at each turbine stage, the turbine inlet, and the turbine exhaust), and exhaust gas emissions.
  • the exhaust gas emissions monitored by the sensors 222 may include carbon oxides (COx) such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur oxides (SOx) such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), unbumt hydrocarbons, particulate matter, and other undesirable exhaust emissions.
  • COx carbon oxides
  • NOx nitrogen oxides
  • SOx sulfur oxides
  • SO2 sulfur oxides
  • the sensors 222 may monitor the temperature of the gas capture systems 20, such as the temperature of the sorbent materials in sorbent-based gas capture systems, the temperature of solvent in solvent-based gas capture systems, or any combination thereof.
  • the controller 220 may adjust the operating mode, fluid flows, heating, cooling, or any combination thereof, in the gas capture systems 20.
  • the sensors 222 may monitor the temperature, pressure, flow rate, and oxygen content in the exhaust gas 152 flowing to and/or through the HRSG 16, thereby helping to facilitate control of the thermal control system 22 to regulate the temperature of the exhaust gas 152 via operation of the duct burner 24.
  • the controller 220 is configured to control the thermal control system 22 to selectively add heat into the exhaust gas 152 supplied to the HRSG 16 to maintain a temperature of the exhaust gas between upper and lower temperature thresholds.
  • the thermal control system 22 (e.g., controlled by the controller 220) is configured to selectively add the heat via the duct burner 24 (or multiple duct burners 24).
  • one or more sensors 222 e.g., temperature sensors
  • At least one sensor 222 may be disposed downstream of the duct burner 24 to monitor the temperature of the exhaust gas 150, including any temperature adjustments achieved with the duct burner 24. If the temperature of the exhaust gas 152 is below a temperature threshold, then the thermal control system 22 (e.g., controlled by the controller 220) is configured to supply fuel from the fuel supply 28 and (if needed) oxidant from the oxidant supply 26 to the duct burner 24 to provide combustion in or upstream from the HRSG 16, thereby increasing a temperature of the exhaust gas 152.
  • the thermal control system 22 e.g., controlled by the controller 220
  • the thermal control system 22 (e.g., controlled by the controller 220) is configured to stop or reduce a supply of the fuel from the fuel supply 28 and (if needed) oxidant from the oxidant supply 26 to the duct burner 24 to stop or reduce combustion in or upstream from the HRSG 16.
  • the thermal control system 22 (e.g., controlled by the controller 220) is configured to vary flows of the fuel and oxidant (if needed) to increase or decrease combustion and heat addition into the exhaust gas, such that the temperature of the exhaust gas is maintained at least at or above the temperature threshold (or between upper and lower temperature thresholds).
  • the thermal control system 22 (e.g., controlled by the controller 220) also may include sensor feedback and controls based on the oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152, operation of the EGR system 150, and operation of the gas treatment system 18.
  • the thermal control system 22 may selectively operate the oxidant supply 26 (if needed) to support combustion of the fuel supplied by the fuel supply 28.
  • one or more sensors 222 e.g., oxygen sensors
  • the thermal control system 22 e.g., controlled by the controller 220 is configured to supply oxidant from the oxidant supply 26 to increase an oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152. If the oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152 is at or above the oxygen threshold (e.g., lower oxygen threshold) or between upper and lower oxygen thresholds, then the thermal control system 22 (e g., controlled by the controller 220) is configured to stop or reduce a supply of the oxidant from the oxidant supply 26 to decrease an oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152.
  • an oxygen threshold e.g., lower oxygen threshold
  • the lower oxygen threshold may be approximately 10, 11, or 12 (plus or minus 0.5) percent by volume of oxygen in the exhaust gas 152. In some embodiments, the lower oxygen threshold may be approximately 10.5 (plus or minus 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5) percent by volume of oxygen in the exhaust gas 152. In some embodiments, the lower and upper oxygen thresholds may define a range of 10 to 11, 10 to 12, 10 to 13, 10 to 14, or 10 to 15 percent by volume of oxygen in the exhaust gas 152.
  • the sensors 222 may monitor changes in the oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152 in response to adjustments of the oxidant supply 26, such that the thermal control system 22 can increase or decrease a flow of the oxidant from the oxidant supply 26 based on the oxygen threshold (e.g., lower oxygen threshold or both upper and lower oxygen thresholds).
  • the thermal control system 22 e.g., controlled by the controller 220
  • the oxygen threshold may be a preset (e g., fixed) oxygen threshold, such as a preset lower oxygen threshold or preset upper and lower oxygen thresholds.
  • the oxygen threshold may be variable based on operating conditions, such as properties of the fuel, a variable flow rate of the fuel, or a combination thereof.
  • the oxygen threshold may be variable based on a desired oxidant-fuel ratio (e.g., air-fuel ratio) and a flow rate of the fuel, wherein the thermal control system 22 is configured to vary both the fuel and oxidant flows based on the desired oxidant-fuel ratio.
  • the thermal control system 22 is configured to adjust the oxidant and fuel supplies 26 and 28 in a variety of manners based on the oxygen content, one or more oxygen thresholds, temperature of the exhaust gas, and other operating conditions to provide a desired heat addition into the exhaust gas 152.
  • the thermal control system 22 may be configured to start, increase, stop, and/or decrease flows of the fuel and oxidant (if needed) to increase or decrease combustion and heat addition into the exhaust gas depending on an operating mode of the gas turbine system 12, such as an EGR mode when the EGR system 150 recirculates exhaust gas through the gas turbine system 12 or a non-EGR mode when the EGR system 150 does not recirculate exhaust gas through the gas turbine system 12.
  • an EGR mode when the EGR system 150 recirculates exhaust gas through the gas turbine system 12
  • a non-EGR mode when the EGR system 150 does not recirculate exhaust gas through the gas turbine system 12.
  • the exhaust gas 152 generally has a lower oxygen content compared with the non-EGR mode.
  • the percentage of EGR recirculation affects the oxygen content in the exhaust gas 152.
  • the percentage of EGR recirculation may vary from 5 to 50 percent or 10 to 40 percent.
  • the thermal control system 22 e.g., controlled by the controller 220
  • the thermal control system 22 may be configured to operate the duct burner 24 to add heat and help increase the temperature of the exhaust 152 with adjustments to the flows of fuel and oxidant based at least in part on the percentage of EGR recirculation.
  • the thermal control system 22 may selectively start and/or increase a flow of the oxidant from the oxidant supply 26 to the duct burner 24 to increase the oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152 to compensate for a reduction in the oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152 associated with the increased EGR.
  • the thermal control system 22 may selectively stop and/or decrease a flow of the oxidant from the oxidant supply 26 to the duct burner 24 to decrease the oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152 to compensate for an increase in the oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152 associated with the decreased EGR.
  • the thermal control system 22 may be configured to adjust the oxidant supply 26 to achieve an oxygen content at least at or above the oxygen threshold (e.g., lower oxygen threshold) or between upper and lower oxygen thresholds.
  • the oxidant supply 26 augments the oxygen content in the exhaust gas 152 by adding 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or more percent by volume (or more) of oxygen into the exhaust gas 152.
  • the adjustments to the oxidant supply 26 may be based on the percentage of EGR and/or other operating conditions.
  • the thermal control system 22 may use a lookup table, a computer model of the combined cycle system 10, or another correlation between the EGR percentage and the oxidant flow to determine an appropriate flow rate of the oxidant from the oxidant supply 26 to the duct burner 24.
  • the oxidant supply 26 may include one or more oxidant supplies, which may be the same or different from one another.
  • the oxidant supply 26 may include one or more of an ejector system 240 and a compression system 242 configured to supply an oxidant 244 to the duct burner 24.
  • the oxidant 244 may include any suitable oxidant, such as air, oxygen, oxygen-enriched air, oxygen- reduced air, oxygen containing gases, or any combination thereof.
  • Each ejector system 240 may include an ejector 246 coupled to a drive 248, wherein the ejector 246 entrains a flow of the oxidant 244 into a motive fluid 250 (e.g., motive gas), such as a compressor bleed gas (e.g., EGR gas) 252.
  • a motive fluid 250 e.g., motive gas
  • a compressor bleed gas e.g., EGR gas
  • Each compression system 242 may include a compressor 254 coupled to a drive 256.
  • the controller 220 is coupled to the drives 248 and 256 to vary flows of the oxidant 244 to the duct burner 244 based on various operating parameters, such as a temperature of the exhaust gas 152, an oxygen content in the exhaust gas 152, an operating mode of the combined cycle system 10 (e.g., EGR mode or non-EGR mode), and/or other operating parameters as discussed in above.
  • various operating parameters such as a temperature of the exhaust gas 152, an oxygen content in the exhaust gas 152, an operating mode of the combined cycle system 10 (e.g., EGR mode or non-EGR mode), and/or other operating parameters as discussed in above.
  • the ejector 246 is a variable ejector (e.g., variable geometry ejector or variable flow ejector) configured to vary one or more flow paths (e.g., cross-sectional flow areas) through the ejector 246 via control of the drive 248.
  • the drive 248 may be configured to move a valve to partially open or close a flow path for the oxidant 244, and/or the drive 248 may be configured to move a valve to partially open or close a flow path for the motive fluid 250.
  • the ejector 246 provides a variable flow of the oxidant 244 via control of the drive 248 by the controller 220.
  • the drive 248 may include an electric drive (e.g., an electric motor) and/or a fluid drive (e.g., hydraulic drive and/or pneumatic drive).
  • the ejector 246 may exclude the drive 248, and the ejector 246 may have a fixed geometry (e.g., invariable flow paths) for the oxidant 244 and the motive fluid 250.
  • the ejector 246 is configured to entrain the oxidant 244 into the motive fluid 250 (e.g., motive gas), such that the ejector 246 outputs an oxidant fluid mixture for supply to the duct burner 24.
  • the motive fluid 250 has a higher pressure and/or a higher flow rate than the oxidant 244, thereby providing energy to entrain the oxidant 244.
  • the motive fluid 250 may be compressed to a pressure substantially above atmospheric pressure, whereas the oxidant 244 may be at approximately atmospheric pressure.
  • the motive fluid 250 includes a compressed gas from the compressor section 42 of the gas turbine system 12, a compressed gas from the compression system 106, a compressed gas (e.g., captured gas 204) from the compression system 206, a compressed gas from another compressor, a high-pressure gas (e.g., exhaust gas, EGR gas) from another combustion system, or any combination thereof.
  • the motive fluid 250 may include a compressor bleed gas as the compressed gas from one or more of the above compressors.
  • the compressor bleed gas may include a compressed exhaust gas, such as a compressed EGR gas.
  • the motive fluid 250 may include the compressed bleed gas (e.g., EGR gas) 252 from the compressor section 42.
  • the compressor section 42 may include the plurality of compressor stages 58, wherein the compressor bleed gas 252 is extracted from one or more compressor bleed ports between the compressor stages 58.
  • the compressor bleed gas 252 may be extracted from any one or more compressor bleed ports at or downstream of each compressor stage 58 or at a selected one or more compressor stages 58.
  • the motive fluid 250 includes or excludes oxygen, air, or other oxygen containing gases.
  • the motive fluid 250 may have an oxygen content of less than or equal to 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 percent by volume.
  • the motive fluid 250 includes an inert gas and/or the captured gas 204 (e.g., CO2) from the gas capture systems 20.
  • the motive fluid 250 e.g., EGR gas
  • the motive fluid 250 includes an EGR gas (e.g., recirculated from exhaust gas 152) resulting from a stoichiometric combustion, a fuel-nch combustion, or a fuel-lean combustion in the combustor section 44 of the gas turbine system 12.
  • EGR gas e.g., recirculated from exhaust gas 152
  • phi ⁇ [>
  • An equivalence ratio of greater than 1.0 results in a fuel-rich combustion of the fuel and oxidant
  • an equivalence ratio of less than 1.0 results in a fuel-lean combustion of the fuel and oxidant.
  • an equivalence ratio of 1.0 results in combustion that is neither fuel-rich nor fuel-lean, thereby substantially consuming all of the fuel and oxidant in the combustion reaction.
  • the term stoichiometric or substantially stoichiometric may refer to an equivalence ratio of approximately 0.95 to approximately 1.05.
  • the disclosed embodiments may also include an equivalence ratio of 1.0 plus or minus 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, or more.
  • the stoichiometric combustion of fuel and oxidant in the combustor section 44 may result in products of combustion or exhaust gas 152 with substantially no unbumt fuel or oxidant remaining.
  • the exhaust gas 152 may have less than 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 percent of oxidant (e.g., oxygen) and/or unbumt fuel by volume of the exhaust gas 152, or the exhaust gas 152 may have less than approximately 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, or 5000 parts per million by volume (ppmv) of oxidant (e.g., oxygen) and/or unbumt fuel in the exhaust gas 152.
  • oxidant e.g., oxygen
  • ppmv parts per million by volume
  • the exhaust gas 152 (and thus the EGR gas used for the motive fluid 250) may include some residual oxidant due to an equivalence ratio of less than 1 (e.g., less than 0.95), or the exhaust gas 152 (and thus the EGR gas used for the motive fluid 250) may include some unbumt fuel due to an equivalence ratio of greater than 1 (e.g., greater than 1.05).
  • the oxidant supply 26 may include one or more configurations of the compression system 242 having the compressor 254 coupled to the drive 256.
  • the compressor 254 may include an axial compressor, a centrifugal compressor, a rotary screw compressor, a rotary vane compressor, a reciprocating piston compressor, or any combination thereof.
  • the drive 256 may include a steam turbine, an electric drive (e.g., electric motor), a reciprocating engine (e.g., reciprocating piston-cylinder internal combustion engine), a gas turbine, a hydro turbine, a wind turbine, or any combination thereof.
  • the steam turbine may include the steam turbine system 14 and/or a standalone steam turbine.
  • the gas turbine may include the gas turbine system 12 and/or a standalone gas turbine.
  • the drive 256 includes a waste heat recovery turbine, driven by a heated fluid having waste heat from another thermal system in the combined cycle system 10.
  • the duct burner 24 selectively adds heat via combustion to regulate the temperature of the exhaust gas 152 flowing through the HRSG 16.
  • the duct burner 24 receives fuel from the fuel supply 28 and, if needed, oxidant from the oxidant supply 26, including any of the above examples of the oxidant supply 26 (e.g., ejector system 240 and/or compression system 242.
  • the fuel supply 28 may include one or more of a fuel tank, a fuel pump, a fuel valve, a fuel pressure regulator, a fuel filter, a fuel supply conduit, or any combination thereof.
  • the duct burner 24 may be disposed at any suitable location relative to the sections 160, 162, and 164 of the HRSG 16, such as upstream to one or more (e.g., all) of the sections 160, 162, and 164 of the HRSG 16.
  • the duct burner 24 may be disposed downstream from one or more components 258 and 260 of the HRSG 16.
  • the components 258 and 260 may include a reheater and a superheater (e.g., high-pressure superheater), respectively.
  • the duct burner 24 may be disposed partially between components and/or sections of the HRSG 16 in certain embodiments.
  • multiple duct burners 24 may be distributed at various locations or sections throughout the HRSG 16 and/or upstream from the HRSG 16.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic of an embodiment of the combined cycle system 10 of FIG. 1, illustrating an embodiment of the thermal control system 22 having multiple oxidant supplies 26 and the fuel supply 28 of the fluid supply system 25 coupled to the duct burner 24 in the HRSG 16.
  • the thermal control system 22 is substantially the same as described in detail above with reference to FIG. 1. Accordingly, each component and functionality of the thermal control system 22, including controls by the controller 220, are the same as described above unless stated otherwise.
  • the duct burner 24 is disposed in the HRSG 16 (e.g., within a housing or duct 280 of the HRSG 16) between the components 258 and 260 (e.g., reheater and superheater) and the sections 160, 162, and 164; however, the duct burner 24 may be disposed at any suitable location within the duct 280 of the HRSG 16.
  • the duct burner 24 is fluidly coupled to the fuel supply 28 via a fuel circuit 282 and the oxidant supplies 26 via one or more oxidant circuits 284.
  • the circuits 282 and 284 include one or more fluid conduits, manifolds, valves, and flow distribution networks.
  • the oxidant supplies 26 include the ejector system 240 and multiple compression systems 242, including compression systems 286 and 288.
  • the illustrated oxidant supplies 26 are merely examples of the oxidant supplies 26 described above with reference to FIG. 1, and thus any number and configuration of ejector and compression systems 240 and 242 may be part of the thermal control system 22.
  • the duct burner 24 may include a variety of configurations to combust fuel from the fuel supply 28 with oxygen in the exhaust gas 152 and/or oxidant (if needed) from the oxidant supplies 26.
  • the duct burner 24 includes separate injection grids for the oxidant and fuel from the respective oxidant and fuel supplies 26 and 28.
  • the duct burner 24 may include an oxidant injection grid disposed axially upstream and separate from a fuel injection grid.
  • the duct burner 24 may integrate the oxidant and fuel injection grids into a single injection structure. For example, as illustrated in FIG.
  • the duct burner 24 may include an injection grid 290 having a plurality of injection conduits 292 extending across the duct 24 in a crosswise direction (e.g., perpendicular) relative an exhaust flow path 294 along a longitudinal axis of the duct 24.
  • the injection grid 290 may include the conduits 292 arranged parallel to one another, crosswise to one another, or a combination thereof.
  • the conduits 292 also may include a plurality of oxidant ports 296 and a plurality of fuel ports 298 distributed across the duct 280 in the injection grid 290.
  • the oxidant ports 296 are disposed upstream, at, and/or dow nstream from the fuel ports 298.
  • the oxidant and fuel ports 296 and 298 may be arranged side by side, coaxial or concentric with one another, or any combination thereof.
  • the oxidant and fuel supplies 26 and 28 may at least partially or completely mix the fuel and oxidant inside the injection grid 290 (e.g., within conduits 292), within a mixing chamber, or any combination thereof.
  • the oxidant and fuel are separately injected through the respective oxidant and fuel ports 296 and 298.
  • the conduits 292 may include cylindrical conduits, airfoil shaped conduits, tapered conduits, or any combination thereof.
  • the ejector system 240 includes the ejector 246 coupled to the drive 248, wherein the ejector 246 is configured to entrain the oxidant 244 into the motive fluid 250 using the compressor bleed gas (e.g., EGR gas) 252 from the gas turbine system 12.
  • the compressor bleed gas 252 may include an EGR gas when the gas turbine system 12 operates in an EGR mode.
  • the EGR gas 300 flows through the entire gas turbine system 12, including the compressor section 42, the combustor section 44, and the turbine section 46, as discussed above.
  • a portion of the EGR gas 300 may be extracted or bled from the gas turbine system 12, such as via one or more ports 302 (e.g., extraction or bleed ports).
  • the illustrated ports 302 are coupled to the compressor section 42; however, the ports 302 may be coupled to a compressor discharge casing or elsewhere in the gas turbine system 12.
  • the ports 302 enable a portion of the EGR gas 300, after one or more compression stages 58 in the compressor section 42, to be extracted as the compressor bleed gas (e.g., EGR gas) 252 for use as the motive fluid 250 for the ejector system 240.
  • the ports 302 may be coupled to the ejector system 240 via a compressor bleed circuit 304, which may include one or more fluid conduits, valves, manifolds, and flow distribution equipment.
  • the ejector 246 includes an ejector body 306 having a fluid intake body portion 308 and a fluid mixing body portion 310.
  • the fluid intake body portion 308 includes a motive fluid intake passage 312, an oxidant intake passage 314, a wall 316 separating the motive fluid and oxidant intake passages 312 and 314, and a motive fluid nozzle 318 extending through the wall 316 and projecting into the oxidant intake passage 314 toward the fluid mixing body portion 310.
  • the motive fluid nozzle 318 may be coaxial with a longitudinal axis 320 of the ejector 246 and the fluid mixing body portion 310.
  • the motive fluid and oxidant intake passages 3f2 and 3f4 are oriented crosswise to the longitudinal axis 320 of the ejector 246.
  • the fluid mixing body portion 310 includes a mixing flow passage 322 that varies in cross-sectional area from the fluid intake body portion 308 to a fluid outlet 324 of the ejector 346.
  • the mixing flow passage 322 and the fluid outlet 324 may be coaxial with the longitudinal axis 320.
  • the mixing flow passage 322 includes a converging flow passage 326, a throat 328, and a diverging flow passage 330 in a flow direction through the ejector 346 from the fluid intake body portion 308 to the fluid outlet 324 of the ejector 346.
  • the mixing flow passage 322 is an annular flow passage
  • the converging flow passage 326 is a converging annular flow passage (e.g., frustoconical or curved annular flow passage)
  • the throat 328 is a cylindrical flow passage
  • the diverging flow passage 330 is a diverging annular flow passage (e.g., frustoconical or curved annular flow passage).
  • the ejector system 240 routes the motive fluid 250 (e.g., compressor bleed gas 252) through the motive fluid intake passage 312 and through the motive fluid nozzle 318 into the oxidant intake passage 314, thereby suctioning, pulling, or entraining the oxidant 244 through the oxidant intake passage 314 into the ejector 246 along with the motive fluid 250.
  • the oxidant 244 and motive fluid 250 mix within the mixing flow passage 322 and discharge from the ejector 246 through the outlet 324 as a mixed fluid (e.g., oxidant motive fluid mixture).
  • the motive fluid 250 has a higher pressure, a higher flow rate, a higher velocity, or a combination thereof, relative to the oxidant 244, thereby entraining the oxidant 244 into the motive fluid 250.
  • the ejector 246 may include a fixed geometry, the illustrated embodiment enables a variable flow via the drive 248 coupled to a valve 332.
  • the valve 332 is coupled to a shaft 334 extending through an annular seal 336, wherein the shaft 334 is coupled to the drive 248.
  • the controller 220 is configured to control the drive 248 to move the valve 332 axially toward or away from the motive fluid nozzle 318, thereby increasing or decreasing a cross-sectional flow area through the motive fluid nozzle 318.
  • the drive 248 may be configured to rotate the shaft 334 along a threaded interface, thereby driving the shaft 334 and the valve 332 to move axially along the longitudinal axis 320.
  • the drive 248 may be configured to translate the shaft 334 (e.g., axial movement without rotation), thereby driving the shaft 334 and the valve 332 to move axially along the longitudinal axis 320.
  • the valve 332 may include an annular valve tip (e.g., frustoconical valve tip) configured to extend partially into the mixing fluid nozzle 318, thereby partially obstructing a flow path through the mixing fluid nozzle 318 to reduce a flow of the motive fluid 250 through the ejector 246.
  • Variations in the flow of the motive fluid 250 change a flow of the oxidant 244 through the ejector 246.
  • the controller 220 is configured to control the drive 248 to vary a flow of the oxidant 244 for use in the duct burner 24 as discussed above.
  • the compression system 286 includes a compressor 340 coupled to a turbine 342 via a shaft 344.
  • the compressor 340 and the turbine 342 are examples of the compressor 254 and the drive 258 of the compression system 242 discussed above with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the compressor 340 may include an axial compressor, a centrifugal compressor, a rotary screw compressor, a rotary vane compressor, or any combination thereof.
  • the turbine 342 may include any type of fluid driven turbine, such as a steam turbine, a gas turbine, a hydro turbine, a wind turbine, or any combination thereof. In the illustrated embodiment, the turbine 342 is a steam turbine driven by steam 346 from a steam supply 348.
  • the steam 346 flows through and expands in the turbine 342, thereby forcing turbine blades to rotate a shaft coupled to the shaft 344.
  • the turbine 342 then discharges a steam 350 to a steam circuit 352, which may include a valve 354 to control a flow of the steam 350 to other downstream equipment 356.
  • the turbine 342 may be a back pressure steam turbine, which is configured to expand the steam 346 to a pressure suitable for the downstream equipment 356.
  • the steam supply 348 may include a boiler or steam generator.
  • the steam supply 348 may include or exclude a heat recovery steam generator, such as the HRSG 16.
  • the compressor 340 driven by the turbine 342 receives and compresses the oxidant 244, and outputs a compressed oxidant 358 for use in the duct burner 24.
  • the compressor 340 may be coupled to the duct burner 24 through an oxidant circuit portion 360 of the oxidant circuit 284.
  • the turbine 342 also may be coupled to another load, such as an electrical generator 362 via a shaft 364.
  • the thermal control system 22 e.g., via the controller 220
  • the thermal control system 22 is configured to selectively supply the compressed oxidant 358 to the duct burner 24 based on a temperature of the exhaust gas 152, an oxygen content in the exhaust gas 152, an operating mode of the combined cycle system 10 (e.g., EGR mode or non-EGR mode), a desired production of steam by the HRSG 16, a desired steam supply to the steam turbine system 14, or any combination thereof, as discussed in detail above.
  • EGR mode e.g., EGR mode or non-EGR mode
  • a desired production of steam by the HRSG 16 e.g., a desired steam supply to the steam turbine system 14, or any combination thereof, as discussed in detail above.
  • the compression system 288 includes a compressor 370 coupled to an electric drive 372 via a shaft 374.
  • the compressor 370 and the electric drive 372 are examples of the compressor 254 and the drive 258 of the compression system 242 discussed above with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the compressor 370 may include an axial compressor, a centrifugal compressor, a rotary screw compressor, a rotary vane compressor, or any combination thereof.
  • the electric drive 372 may include an electric motor, such as an AC motor or a DC motor.
  • the compressor 370 driven by the electric drive 372 receives and compresses the oxidant 244, and outputs a compressed oxidant 376 for use in the duct burner 24.
  • the compressor 370 may be coupled to the duct burner 24 through an oxidant circuit portion 378 of the oxidant circuit 284.
  • the thermal control system 22 (e.g., via the controller 220) may be configured to control a supply of the compressed oxidant 376 to the duct burner 24 via control of the electric drive 372.
  • the thermal control system 22 is configured to selectively supply the compressed oxidant 376 to the duct burner 24 based on a temperature of the exhaust gas 152, an oxygen content in the exhaust gas 152, an operating mode of the combined cycle system 10 (e.g., EGR mode or non- EGR mode), a desired production of steam by the HRSG 16, a desired steam supply to the steam turbine system 14, or any combination thereof, as discussed in detail above.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a process 400 for operating the combined cycle system 10 of FIGS. 1-2, illustrating control logic for operating the thermal control system 22.
  • the process 400 may be executed by the processor 224 of the controller 220 and/or one or more additional controllers, processors, and/or computers.
  • the process 400 includes operating the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) 16 downstream from the gas turbine system 12 (block 402).
  • the process 400 includes controlling the gas turbine system 12 in an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) mode or a non-EGR mode as an operating mode (block 404).
  • the EGR mode includes control of the EGR system 150 to recirculate at least a portion of the exhaust gas 152 as an EGR flow into the compressor section 42.
  • the process 400 may selectively disable the EGR system 150, or the EGR system 150 may be excluded from the gas turbine system 12.
  • the process 400 may include adjusting the EGR flow via the EGR system 150 coupled to the gas turbine system 12 (block 406).
  • the adjustment of EGR flow may include increasing or decreasing a percentage or proportion of the exhaust flow 152 being recirculated into the compressor section 42.
  • an increase in the EGR flow may cause a decrease in an oxygen content in the exhaust gas 152.
  • a decrease in the EGR flow may cause an increase in the oxygen content in the exhaust gas 152.
  • the process 400 also may include monitoring the EGR flow, the temperature of the exhaust gas 152 into the HRSG 16, and the oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152 into the HRSG 16 via one or more sensors 222 (block 408). The process 400 then uses the monitored information for control of the thermal control system 22.
  • the process 400 includes comparing the temperature of the exhaust gas 152 against one or more temperature thresholds (e.g., a lower temperature threshold or both upper and lower temperature thresholds) for operation of the HRSG 16 to obtain a temperature comparison (block 410).
  • the lower temperature threshold may be a minimum temperature suitable to obtain desired heat transfer and steam production in the HRSG 16.
  • the upper and lower temperature thresholds may be set to achieve a desired steam production by the HRSG 16, wherein the upper and lower temperature thresholds may be based on operational thresholds for the steam turbine system 14.
  • the process 400 also may include comparing the oxidant content of the exhaust gas 152 against one or more oxygen thresholds (e.g., lower oxygen threshold or both upper and lower oxygen thresholds) for operation of the duct burner 24 to obtain an oxygen comparison (block 412).
  • the lower oxygen threshold may be a minimum oxygen content suitable to combust the fuel from the fuel supply 28.
  • the upper and lower oxygen thresholds may be fixed or variable depending on the type of fuel, the desired oxidant-fuel ratio (e.g., air-fuel ratio), and a flow rate of the fuel.
  • the process 400 also may include comparing the EGR flow through the EGR system 150 against a correlation between the EGR flow and oxidant augmentation for the duct burner 24 to obtain an EGR comparison (block 414).
  • the correlation between EGR flow and oxidant augmentation may be defined in a lookup table, a computer model, an equation, a control curve, or any combination, wherein for any particular EGR flow value and corresponding oxidant supply value can be determined by the process 400.
  • Each of the foregoing comparisons of blocks 410, 412, and 414 can be used by the process 400 for control of the thermal control system 22.
  • the process 400 may include controlling the fuel supply 28 coupled to the duct burner 24 based on the temperature comparison (block 416). For example, if the temperature comparison indicates the temperature of the exhaust gas 152 is below the temperature threshold (e.g., lower temperature threshold), then the process 400 may start and/or increase a flow of fuel from the fuel supply 28 to the duct burner 24 to help increase the temperature of the exhaust gas 152. If the temperature comparison indicates the temperature of the exhaust gas 152 is above the temperature threshold (e.g., lower temperature threshold), then the process 400 may stop and/or decrease a flow of fuel from the fuel supply 28 to the duct burner 24 to help decrease the temperature of the exhaust gas 152.
  • the temperature threshold e.g., lower temperature threshold
  • the process 400 may adjust (e.g., start, stop, increase, or decrease) a flow of fuel from the fuel supply 28 to the duct burner 24 to help vary the temperature of the exhaust gas 152 to maintain the temperature between the upper and lower temperature thresholds.
  • the process 400 also may include controlling the oxidant supply 26 coupled to the duct burner 24 based on the oxygen comparison and/or the EGR comparison (block 418). For example, if the oxygen comparison indicates the oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152 is below the oxygen threshold (e.g., lower oxygen threshold), then the process 400 may start and/or increase a flow of oxidant from the oxidant supply 26 to the duct burner 24 to help increase the oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152. If the oxygen comparison indicates the oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152 is above the oxygen threshold (e.g., lower oxygen threshold), then the process 400 may stop and/or decrease a flow of oxidant from the oxidant supply 26 to the duct burner 24 to help decrease the oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152.
  • the oxygen threshold e.g., lower oxygen threshold
  • the process 400 may adjust (e.g., start, stop, increase, or decrease) a flow of oxidant from the oxidant supply 26 to the duct burner 24 to help vary the oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152 to maintain the oxygen content between the upper and lower oxygen thresholds.
  • the process 400 may control (e.g., start, stop, increase, or decrease) the oxidant supply 26 to supply a corresponding flow of oxidant to the duct burner 24.
  • the process 400 may control the oxidant supply 26 based on only the oxygen comparison, only the EGR comparison, both the oxygen and EGR comparisons, and/or other control parameters.
  • the process 400 may further control the gas treatment system 18, including one or more gas capture systems 20, to obtain a captured gas 204 downstream from the HRSG 16.
  • the process 400 coordinates between control of the gas turbine system 12, the steam turbine system 14, the HRSG 16, the gas treatment system 18 (and gas capture systems 20), and the thermal control system 22.
  • the oxidant supply 26 may be selectively controlled along with control of the fuel supply 28, thereby providing additional heat as needed via the duct burner 24.
  • the oxidant supply 26 may provide oxidant augmentation when needed for operation of the duct burner 24.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a process 430 for operating the combined cycle system 10 of FIGS. 1-2, illustrating control logic for operating the thermal control system 22.
  • the process 430 may be executed by the processor 224 of the controller 220 and/or one or more additional controllers, processors, and/or computers.
  • the process 430 includes monitoring the oxygen (O2) content of the exhaust gas 152 via one or more sensors 222 (block 432).
  • the process 430 uses the monitored information for control of the thermal control system 22.
  • the process 430 includes monitoring an EGR status of the EGR system 150, particularly whether the EGR system 150 is on or operating in an EGR mode or off or in a non-EGR mode (block 434). If the EGR system 150 is off (i.e., non-EGR mode), then the process 430 may not take any further action (block 436).
  • the process 430 may not operate the oxidant supply 26 when the EGR system 150 is off (i.e., non-EGR mode). If the EGR system 150 is on (i.e., EGR mode), then the process 430 may monitor a status of the duct burner 24, i.e., on-state or off-state of the duct burner 24 (block 438).
  • the process 430 may not take any further action (block 436). In other words, the process 430 may not operate the oxidant supply 26 when the duct burner 24 is off (i.e., off-state). However, if the duct burner 24 is on (i.e., on-state), then the process 430 may evaluate the oxygen content (O2 %) relative to a threshold, e.g., a lower oxygen threshold (block 440).
  • a threshold e.g., a lower oxygen threshold (block 440).
  • the lower oxygen threshold may be 10.5 percent by volume of oxygen in the exhaust gas. However, the lower oxygen threshold may be any value from 10 to 15 in increments of 0. 1, wherein the lower oxygen threshold represents a percent by volume of oxygen in the exhaust gas.
  • the process 430 may not take any further action (block 436). In other words, the oxidant supply 26 is not needed for oxygen augmentation. However, if the oxygen content (O2 %) is less than the oxygen threshold, then the process 430 may operate the oxidant supply 26 to augment the oxygen content (block 442). The process 430 may continuously loop through the blocks 432-442, thereby continuously adjusting the oxygen content as needed to support operation of the duct burner 24 when operating with EGR and when operating the duct burner 24. Thus, the oxidant supply 26 provides oxidant augmentation (e.g., O2 augmentation) when needed during EGR and duct burner operation.
  • oxidant augmentation e.g., O2 augmentation
  • Technical effects of the invention include systems and methods for thermal control in a HRSG 16 using a duct burner 24 coupled to an oxidant supply 26 and a fuel supply 28 of a thermal control system 22.
  • the HRSG 16 receives exhaust gas 152 potentially having an insufficient oxygen content for operation of the duct burner 24.
  • operation of the EGR system 150 may result in an insufficient oxygen content, and thus the duct burner 24 cannot operate without oxidant augmentation via the oxidant supply 26.
  • the oxidant supply 26 may include an ejector system 240 and/or a compression system 242 for selective supply of the oxidant into the duct burner 24.
  • the ejector system 240 advantageously uses an existing fluid, such as the compressor bleed gas (e.g., EGR flow) 252 from the compressor section 42, thereby using an existing energy source to supply the oxidant into the duct burner 24.
  • the ejector system 240 has a relatively small footprint and minimal or no moving parts.
  • the compression system 242 may use an existing power source in the combined cycle system 10 and/or a standalone system as the drive 258 for the compressor 254.
  • the drive 258 may include a steam turbine, an electrical motor, or another suitable drive.
  • the thermal control system 22 may selectively use any one or more of the ejector system 240 and the compression system 242 for supply of the oxidant to the duct burner 24.
  • the duct burner 24 is able to add heat when needed to support the HRSG 16, even when the oxygen content of the exhaust gas 152 is below an oxygen threshold due to EGR flow.
  • a system includes a duct burner configured to add heat via combustion to an exhaust gas directed through a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), a fuel supply configured to supply a fuel to the duct burner, and an oxidant supply configured to supply an oxidant to the duct burner.
  • the system also includes a controller having a memory, a processor, and instructions stored on the memory and executable by the processor to: control the fuel supply to supply the fuel to the duct burner, and control the oxidant supply to supply the oxidant to the duct burner, wherein the control of the oxidant supply is based on a comparison of an oxygen content in the exhaust gas to an oxygen threshold.
  • controller configured to: receive feedback indicative of the oxygen content in the exhaust gas, compare the oxygen content against the oxygen threshold to obtain the comparison, and start or increase a flow of the oxidant from the oxidant supply to increase the oxygen content if the oxygen content is less than the oxygen threshold.
  • controller is configured to: stop or decrease the flow of the oxidant from the oxidant supply to decrease the oxygen content if the oxygen content is equal to or greater than the oxygen threshold.
  • controller is configured to: control the oxidant supply to start or increase a flow of the oxidant to the duct burner at least in a first control mode, wherein the first control mode includes an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) control mode.
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation
  • controller is configured to: control the oxidant supply to stop or decrease the flow of the oxidant to the duct burner at least in a second control mode, wherein the second control mode includes a non-EGR control mode.
  • the system of any preceding clause including a gas treatment system configured to treat the exhaust gas, wherein the gas treatment system includes a gas capture system configured to capture a gas from the exhaust gas.
  • the gas capture system includes a carbon capture system, and the gas includes carbon dioxide (CO2).
  • the oxidant supply includes an ejector configured to supply the oxidant via a motive fluid.
  • the ejector includes a variable ejector having a drive coupled to a variable nozzle, wherein the drive is configured to adjust a cross-section of the variable nozzle, and the variable nozzle is configured to flow the motive fluid.
  • the ejector includes an oxidant inlet, a motive fluid inlet, a converging passage, a throat, and a diverging passage.
  • the motive fluid includes a compressor bleed flow from a compressor of a gas turbine system configured to output the exhaust gas, wherein the compressor bleed flow includes an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) compressed in the compressor, wherein the oxidant includes air.
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation
  • the oxidant supply includes a compressor driven by a steam turbine.
  • the oxidant supply includes a compressor driven by an electric motor.
  • the duct burner includes an injection grid having a plurality of fuel ports and a plurality of oxidant ports.
  • a system includes a controller having a memory, a processor, and instructions stored on the memory and executable by the processor to: control a fuel supply to supply a fuel to a duct burner of a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), wherein the duct burner is configured to add heat via combustion to an exhaust gas directed through the HRSG.
  • the controller is also configured to control an oxidant supply to supply an oxidant to the duct burner, wherein the control of the oxidant supply is based on a comparison of an oxy gen content in the exhaust gas to an oxygen threshold.
  • controller configured to: receive feedback indicative of the oxygen content in the exhaust gas, compare the oxygen content against the oxygen threshold to obtain the comparison, start or increase a flow of the oxidant from the oxidant supply to increase the oxygen content if the oxygen content is less than the oxygen threshold, and stop or decrease the flow of the oxidant from the oxidant supply to decrease the oxygen content if the oxygen content is equal to or greater than the oxygen threshold.
  • controller configured to: control the oxidant supply to start or increase a flow of the oxidant to the duct burner at least in a first control mode, wherein the first control mode includes an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) control mode.
  • the controller is also configured to: control the oxidant supply to stop or decrease the flow of the oxidant to the duct burner at least in a second control mode, wherein the second control mode includes a non-EGR control mode.
  • a method includes controlling, via a controller, a fuel supply to supply a fuel to a duct burner of a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), wherein the duct burner is configured to add heat via combustion to an exhaust gas directed through the HRSG.
  • the method further includes controlling, via the controller, an oxidant supply to supply an oxidant to the duct burner, wherein the control of the oxidant supply is based on a comparison of an oxygen content in the exhaust gas to an oxygen threshold.
  • controlling the oxidant supply includes receiving feedback indicative of the oxygen content in the exhaust gas, comparing the oxygen content against the oxygen threshold to obtain the comparison, starting or increasing a flow of the oxidant from the oxidant supply to increase the oxygen content if the oxygen content is less than the oxygen threshold, and stopping or decreasing the flow of the oxidant from the oxidant supply to decrease the oxygen content if the oxygen content is equal to or greater than the oxygen threshold.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

Un système comprend un brûleur à conduit conçu pour ajouter de la chaleur par combustion à un gaz d'échappement acheminé à travers un générateur de vapeur à récupération de chaleur (HRSG), une alimentation en combustible conçue pour fournir un combustible au brûleur à conduit, ainsi qu'une alimentation en oxydant conçue pour fournir un oxydant au brûleur à conduit. Le système comprend également un dispositif de commande ayant une mémoire, un processeur et des instructions stockées sur la mémoire et exécutables par le processeur visant à : amener l'alimentation en combustible à fournir le combustible au brûleur à conduit, et amener l'alimentation en oxydant à fournir l'oxydant au brûleur à conduit, la commande de l'alimentation en oxydant étant basée sur une comparaison d'une teneur en oxygène dans le gaz d'échappement à un seuil d'oxygène.
EP23931135.0A 2023-03-31 2023-03-31 Système et procédé comprenant une alimentation en oxydant pour brûleur à conduit de générateur de vapeur à récupération de chaleur Pending EP4658882A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2023/017204 WO2024205604A1 (fr) 2023-03-31 2023-03-31 Système et procédé comprenant une alimentation en oxydant pour brûleur à conduit de générateur de vapeur à récupération de chaleur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4658882A1 true EP4658882A1 (fr) 2025-12-10

Family

ID=92906549

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23931135.0A Pending EP4658882A1 (fr) 2023-03-31 2023-03-31 Système et procédé comprenant une alimentation en oxydant pour brûleur à conduit de générateur de vapeur à récupération de chaleur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4658882A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20250164744A (fr)
CN (1) CN121039370A (fr)
WO (1) WO2024205604A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN120204866A (zh) * 2023-12-18 2025-06-27 通用电气技术有限公司 使用热管的基于吸附剂的气体捕获的系统和方法

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2246532A1 (fr) * 2008-12-24 2010-11-03 Alstom Technology Ltd Centrale électrique avec capture de CO2
JP2011144771A (ja) * 2010-01-15 2011-07-28 Honda Motor Co Ltd エゼクタ
CH704381A1 (de) * 2011-01-24 2012-07-31 Alstom Technology Ltd Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Gasturbinenkraftwerks mit Abgasrezirkulation sowie Gasturbinenkraftwerk mit Abgasrezirkulation.
DE102014111697A1 (de) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-05 General Electric Company Systeme und Verfahren zum Enteisen eines Einlaufsiebs einer Gasturbine und zum Entfeuchten von Lufteinlauffiltern
CN105840247B (zh) * 2016-05-11 2017-10-20 华电电力科学研究院 一种回收余热驱动空压机的系统及该系统的运行方法
EP3287612B1 (fr) * 2016-08-25 2019-03-06 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Régulation d'un générateur de vapeur à récupération de chaleur pour optimisation de l'admission d'air frais

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN121039370A (zh) 2025-11-28
WO2024205604A1 (fr) 2024-10-03
KR20250164744A (ko) 2025-11-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US10727768B2 (en) System and method for a stoichiometric exhaust gas recirculation gas turbine system
JP6662638B2 (ja) ガスタービン負荷制御システム
AU2013245959B2 (en) System and method for a stoichiometric exhaust gas recirculation gas turbine system
AU2013337830B2 (en) System and method for oxidant compression in a stoichiometric exhaust gas recirculation gas turbine system
JP5836644B2 (ja) 煙道ガス再循環を備えるコンバインドサイクル発電プラント
AU2014302542B2 (en) Systems and methods for controlling exhaust gas flow in exhaust gas recirculation gas turbine systems
CN105074139B (zh) 燃气轮机系统及其操作方法
US20150033751A1 (en) System and method for a water injection system
US20150040574A1 (en) System and method for a stoichiometric exhaust gas recirculation gas turbine system
WO2016144752A1 (fr) Étagement de carburant dans une turbine à gaz
JP2018507341A (ja) 量論的排気再循環ガスタービンに対するグリッド周波数超過事象に応答するシステム及び方法
EP4658882A1 (fr) Système et procédé comprenant une alimentation en oxydant pour brûleur à conduit de générateur de vapeur à récupération de chaleur
EP4455458A1 (fr) Système ayant un diffuseur d'échappement axial-radial et procédé d'utilisation
US12601292B1 (en) Systems and methods for steam supply to gas capture system during shutdown
US20260027510A1 (en) System and method for operating gas treatment system to treat exhaust gas or air
WO2025128110A1 (fr) Système et procédé de capture de gaz à l'aide de la vapeur provenant d'une turbine à vapeur supportée par une chaudière auxiliaire
WO2025136366A1 (fr) Système et procédé de capture de carbone à l'aide d'une eau chauffée provenant d'un générateur de vapeur à récupération de chaleur
KR20260021550A (ko) 가스 터빈 내의 배기 가스 재순환 및 분사를 위한 시스템 및 방법
WO2025128112A1 (fr) Système et procédé de capture de gaz à l'aide de chaleur provenant d'un cycle de puissance de fluide supercritique

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20250905

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR