EP4658975A1 - Affectation d'un attribut à des éléments de grille, coïncidant avec un objet vectoriel, d'un réseau en grille de référence - Google Patents

Affectation d'un attribut à des éléments de grille, coïncidant avec un objet vectoriel, d'un réseau en grille de référence

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Publication number
EP4658975A1
EP4658975A1 EP24703292.3A EP24703292A EP4658975A1 EP 4658975 A1 EP4658975 A1 EP 4658975A1 EP 24703292 A EP24703292 A EP 24703292A EP 4658975 A1 EP4658975 A1 EP 4658975A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grid
attribute
width
elements
grid elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP24703292.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roman Brylka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Green Bridge Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh
Original Assignee
Green Bridge Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Green Bridge Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh filed Critical Green Bridge Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh
Publication of EP4658975A1 publication Critical patent/EP4658975A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/38—Electronic maps specially adapted for navigation; Updating thereof
    • G01C21/3804—Creation or updating of map data
    • G01C21/3807—Creation or updating of map data characterised by the type of data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/38—Electronic maps specially adapted for navigation; Updating thereof
    • G01C21/3863—Structures of map data
    • G01C21/3867—Geometry of map features, e.g. shape points, polygons or for simplified maps
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/20—Instruments for performing navigational calculations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/38—Electronic maps specially adapted for navigation; Updating thereof
    • G01C21/3804—Creation or updating of map data
    • G01C21/3833—Creation or updating of map data characterised by the source of data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/38—Electronic maps specially adapted for navigation; Updating thereof
    • G01C21/3863—Structures of map data
    • G01C21/387—Organisation of map data, e.g. version management or database structures
    • G01C21/3881—Tile-based structures

Definitions

  • Computer-implemented method for detecting a spatial arrangement of a physical object on a physical surface within a reference coordinate system by assigning an attribute to a selection of uniquely identifiable grid elements of a global reference grid determined by means of a vector object
  • the present invention relates to a computer-implemented method for detecting a spatial arrangement of a physical object on a physical surface within a reference coordinate system by assigning an object attribute and/or further attribute to a selection of uniquely identifiable grid elements of a global reference grid network determined by means of a vector object, in particular within a database of a GIS application, a BIM application or a machine control application.
  • a GIS application also called a geographic information system application or geographic information system application, is an application of a computer-based information system for collecting, processing, organizing and analyzing spatial data.
  • a BIM application also called a Building Information Model application or building data modelling application, is an application of a computer-aided information system for the planning, construction and management of a building or structure.
  • a machine control application can itself have a GIS or BIM application and is used to control or navigate mobile machines on an area or in space based on area- or space-related data.
  • an object stationary or mobile, real or planned
  • an area or a structure can typically be represented in its or its geographical position and extent using a vector graphic (also called a vector object).
  • a vector object is an image file whose content is defined by means of mathematical descriptions or calculations. Unlike so-called raster graphics (raster data, raster data set), the individual pixels of the image are not assigned a pixel value (which represents a gray or color level). and stored, but a (mathematical) description of all elements in the image. In this system, for example, a circle is described by a defined number of points that lie on a circumference and are connected to each other by point-to-point lines.
  • Both raster graphics and vector objects are usually used in GIS applications.
  • a satellite image of a certain region can be available as a raster graphic (raster data set), while the course of the roads in this region can be available as a vector object.
  • the raster graphic and the vector object can be "superimposed” and overlaid in order to link their information content.
  • US 2007 014488 A1 describes a method of how such a congruent overlay can be achieved using characteristic landmarks (e.g. an intersection) that are easy to determine in both the raster graphic and the vector object.
  • characteristic landmarks e.g. an intersection
  • a vector object in the present sense describes in particular (at least) one point, (at least) one line, (at least) one polygon, (at least) one area and/or (at least) one (three-dimensional) body, and has (at least one) support points, each of which is assigned a unique position in a geographical reference coordinate system and which together represent the position and extent of the depicted object, the depicted area or the depicted structure in the reference coordinate system.
  • the individual support points - and thus also the associated vector object - are georeferenced within the reference coordinate system.
  • a piece of land e.g. school grounds
  • a building e.g. school building
  • a part of a building e.g. auditorium
  • an individual component e.g. foundation, ceiling on the first floor, PV module on the roof
  • spatial information about physical objects (or structures) arranged in physical space is stored in databases by creating a vector object representing each physical object (or structure) with a separate data set that links, for example, an object identification number, an object type (e.g. point, line, polygon), one or more coordinate points, an object type (e.g. tree, road, building) and other attributes (e.g. tree type, road name). This is typically done in a database management system with a relational database structure.
  • common GIS applications e.g. the QGIS program
  • common BIM applications can create an associated local grid (also called a lattice) for a vector object.
  • a grid typically comprises a large number of regularly arranged grid elements (e.g. points, lines, circles, polygons, polyhedra) that cover the vector object in terms of its size and position in the reference coordinate system.
  • grids are typically two-dimensional.
  • additional attributes can be assigned to each grid element to capture grid element-specific properties (such as temperature values, material thickness, measured values or material type).
  • the extent of the individual grid elements can typically be determined by the user depending on the specific task and for a two-dimensional grid can be e.g. 500m x 500m or 1 mm x 1 mm.
  • the starting point for generating the local grid (also called the reference point of the grid) is typically generated automatically and depends on the extent and position of the associated vector object for which the local grid is generated. It has become established in common GIS and BIM applications that the reference point is the intersection of the northernmost and westernmost coordinate values. (with respect to a reference coordinate system) of the respective vector object. The reference point is therefore "top left" of the associated vector object.
  • a local grid is then spanned according to the user specifications for the grid width. Attributes can be assigned to the (local) grid elements generated in this way. In this way, properties can be recorded not only at the level of the (entire) vector object, but also in much more granular and detailed terms at the level of the individual grid elements.
  • a vector object-specific local grid with the assigned attributes for the individual grid elements is typically saved as another data set in common GIS applications.
  • the grid elements are each their own, independent vector objects.
  • the corner points of the grid elements are each assigned a coordinate in the coordinate system. The position and arrangement of the local grid and the (local) grid elements is therefore dependent on the position and size of the vector object from which the local grid was derived.
  • Figure 1 shows a screenshot of the video to illustrate the state of the art.
  • Figure 1 shows a section of a georeferenced map 1 with a lake 2 in the middle.
  • the shoreline of lake 2 is shown as a georeferenced polygon vector object 3.
  • Polygon vector object 3 has a large number of support points that are connected by polygon edges and thus describe the contour of the shoreline of lake 2.
  • the interior of the polygon i.e. the area between the polygon edges) represents the water surface of lake 2.
  • a local grid network 4 can also be seen, which covers polygon vector object 3.
  • the local grid 4 was designed according to the usual state of the art,
  • the reference point 5 of the local grid 4 is located at the intersection of the northernmost coordinate value of the polygon vector object 3 (see horizontal line 6) and the western coordinate value of the polygon vector object 3 (see vertical line 7). Starting from this reference point 5, which obviously depends on the position and dimensions of the polygon vector object 3, the associated local grid 4 was created.
  • the reference point 5 thus forms the "top left corner" of the local grid 4.
  • the local grid 4 comprises a large number of similar square grid elements 8 that are adjacent to one another.
  • the size of the local grid 4 is chosen so that it completely covers the polygon vector object 3.
  • all or individual grid elements 8 could be assigned an attribute (such as a temperature value or a water depth).
  • the size and position of the local grid 4 as well as the number and position of the grid elements 8 depend directly on the size and position of the polygon vector object 3.
  • a first local grid is created for the first vector object and a first attribute is assigned to some of the first grid elements.
  • a second local grid is created for the second vector object and a second attribute is assigned to some of the second grid elements.
  • the information on the first attribute and the second attribute are therefore in different local grids (and thus in different data spaces) and cannot be linked in a consistent manner (or only with great effort).
  • the creation of grids and the assignment of attributes to individual grid elements also plays a role in the navigation and control of autonomous vehicles.
  • US 2020293 038 A1 describes a method for determining a driving route in a parking lot.
  • the starting point is a georeferenced satellite image of the parking lot (see Figure 5A) and thus a raster graphic (raster data set) and not a vector object.
  • the satellite image is overlaid with a local grid (see Figures 5A and 5B) and image recognition is used to determine for each grid element whether the associated area is drivable or not.
  • the individual grid elements are assigned the attribute "navigable area” or "static obstacle” and a driving route is determined that only crosses drivable grid elements.
  • the positions of the grid elements are evidently determined by the cropping of the satellite image, since, according to Figure 5A, the local grid (grid 5100) runs flush with the edges of the satellite image.
  • the grid and with it the grid elements are thus positioned and determined locally depending on the satellite image, the raster data set. This means that it is a local grid with local grid elements.
  • CN 114445 517 A describes a method for indoor navigation, i.e. for planning a route within a building.
  • Raster data sets are used here that depict the interior of the building in two dimensions.
  • the pixels of the raster data set represent spatial features of the building's interior and are each assigned to a coordinate (see paragraph [0052]). The positions of the pixels are thus determined locally, depending on the section of the building's interior shown in the raster data set.
  • the grid that contains the grid elements with the attribute to be changed must first be identified and picked out from the multitude of different grids. ) Tracking and planning changes to areas when the change only affects parts of a grid element.
  • the aim is to track the whereabouts and history of material across different states.
  • Existing BIM and GIS applications are not suitable for this (or only to a very limited extent), although high-resolution material data is often available via vector objects and their grids.
  • the present invention is based on the object of overcoming the weaknesses of the prior art outlined above, particularly in BIM or GIS applications, and in particular of enabling applications for machine control.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a computer-implemented method (for a database management system), particularly within a GIS application, a BIM application or an application for machine control, which makes it possible to record the spatial arrangement of physical objects or structures on physical surfaces (or in physical space) and to document changes, to record and document material shifts in terms of volume, material type and time, and to detect potential usage conflicts, whereby the highest level of data consistency is achieved and only a small amount of storage space is used.
  • the invention is intended to create the basis for significantly reducing the complexity and thus the energy consumption of subsequent data processing, which are crucial factors in connection with the control of machines.
  • This object is achieved by the computer-implemented method for detecting a spatial arrangement of a physical object (or a physical structure) on a physical surface (or in physical space) within a geographic reference coordinate system by assigning an object attribute and/or a further attribute to a selection of uniquely identifiable grid elements of a global reference grid network determined by means of a vector object, in particular within (a database) of a GIS application, a BIM application or a machine control application according to claim 1, the data processing system according to claim 13 and the computer program product according to claim 14.
  • the computer-implemented method for detecting a spatial arrangement of a physical object (or structure) on a physical surface (or in physical space) within a geographical reference coordinate system by assigning an object attribute and/or further attribute to a selection of uniquely identifiable grid elements of a (global) reference grid determined by means of a vector object, in particular within (a database) of a GIS application or a BIM application or a machine control application, comprises the following steps:
  • A) Providing the (only) global reference grid network georeferenced with respect to the geographical reference coordinate system with a vector object-independently defined geographical global reference point and (global) grid elements of a first grid width, each of which is designed as a polygon (in particular as a triangular, square or polygonal polygon) or as a polyhedron (in particular as an octagonal and hexagonal polyhedron), adjoining one another without overlap and clearly identifiable within the global reference grid network and georeferenced with respect to the reference coordinate system, in a storage unit,
  • step D) Assigning an object attribute linked to the vector object and/or a further attribute to the (global) grid elements of the first grid width selected in step C) by the processor unit and storing the selected (global) grid elements together with the respectively assigned object attribute and/or the further attribute in the storage unit.
  • attributes are not recorded and stored in different local grids (as has been the case in the prior art to date) which were created for different vector objects as separate tables, which are in the best case linked relationally to the respective vector object and form data spaces that are isolated from one another and whose data cannot be linked to one another (or can only be linked with difficulty); instead, all object attributes (and other attributes) linked to the various vector objects are recorded and stored in a single global reference grid with clearly identifiable global grid elements by assigning the respective object attribute (or other attribute) to the global grid elements that overlap with the respective vector object. All object attributes (and other attributes) are thus available in a common georeferenced global grid (or data space) within a database (or several databases linked to one another). Changes regarding individual attributes (as well as their validity) can be recorded easily and consistently in this way.
  • the global reference grid and (therefore) the global grid elements are defined in relation to a vector object-independent geographical reference point.
  • the attributes of all vector objects are recorded using a single common global reference grid and the same global grid elements and stored in a database or data storage.
  • the grid elements of the global reference grid are assigned to it and are defined as globally unique and vector object independent, they are also referred to as "global grid elements" in this publication.
  • the position and arrangement of the global reference grid is determined by the vector object-independent geographical reference point and is therefore expressly not dependent on the position and size of the object to be recorded.
  • the method according to the invention therefore differs fundamentally from the methods commonly used in the prior art, as described in the introduction for navigation applications in the documents US 2020293 038 A1 or CN 114445 517 A. This is because there the position of the grid, the grid elements or the pixels is determined by the image section shown in the respective raster data set and is therefore dependent on the object to be recorded.
  • the documents mentioned therefore describe local grids and local grid elements.
  • the method according to the invention thus relates to features that relate to the internal functioning of the database or the database management system.
  • the global and unique grid elements function as geospatial unique identifiers.
  • the invention thus solves the technical problem of efficiently capturing and processing spatial data of physical objects or structures arranged on a physical surface (or in a physical space) by means of the data structure defined by the method according to the invention, in which these spatial data are stored and managed in the database.
  • the data structure defined by the method according to the invention and the associated type of data management enables extremely storage-, computation-efficient and thus resource-efficient acquisition, management and further processing of spatial data, which can be particularly advantageous in connection with the control of machines.
  • the method according to the invention has a direct reference to physical surfaces, spaces or objects and thus to physical reality due to the georeferenced reference of the global reference grid and the global grid elements.
  • One or more object attributes and/or one or more additional attributes can be assigned to each global grid element of the global reference grid.
  • An object attribute is always linked to a vector object.
  • a further attribute is always linked to (at least) one (further) property.
  • the attribute assignments are therefore all located in the common data space of the single global reference grid. Cross-relationships between the individual attributes and the individual global grid elements, even if these are based on different vector objects, can thus be easily established.
  • the attribute assignments can be used consistently beyond the respective original vector object.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to consistently and easily record, retrieve and manage the status or change relating to a surface or volume.
  • the surface area (or volume area) to which a specific attribute is to be assigned can be described or mapped using a vector object.
  • the associated attribute is then assigned to the global grid elements of the global reference grid network selected (using the vector object). This procedure can be repeated as often as desired for different vector objects and different (object) attributes, but the attributes are always assigned to global grid elements that are located in one and the same global reference grid network.
  • the global reference grid can be used in conjunction with several different geographic reference coordinate systems.
  • a first vector object e.g. the WPM World Pseudo Mercator reference coordinate system
  • a second vector object e.g. the WGS84 reference coordinate system
  • the position of the global reference point of the global reference grid is defined in both the first reference coordinate system and the second reference coordinate system. Regardless of whether a vector object is defined in the first or second reference coordinate system, its position on the physical surface can be consistently recorded in the global reference grid.
  • a vector object can be provided, for example, by loading a vector graphics file (e.g. into the relevant GIS or BIM application or machine control application).
  • a vector object can be created via a GUI (graphical user interface) in a map view using an input device (e.g. mouse or touch screen) by marking grid elements or pulling up a selection window (box), thus making a selection of grid elements.
  • GUI graphical user interface
  • a vector object can also be provided as a list of individual points.
  • all attribute information is stored in a single, common (global) data space.
  • Cross-references and links can be easily established, and changes to the attribute values for individual global grid elements can be made without any problem.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to save storage space. This is because when a vector object is recorded, not all possible local grid elements of a local grid network have to be generated and saved and then assigned an attribute value (or a zero value), but only those global grid elements of the global reference grid that overlap with the vector object and to which an attribute is assigned. In a sense, only those global grid elements of the global reference grid that are required for recording the vector object because they overlap with it are saved with attribute information. The number of global grid elements to be saved can be radically reduced in this way if the many global grid elements that do not overlap the vector object or to which no attributes are assigned are not taken into account and saved at all.
  • the method according to the invention enables a (point-like) vector object to be assigned to the (the vector object) respectively overlapping global grid element of the reference grid.
  • (point-like) location information eg regarding the current position of a mobile phone
  • the global grid elements of the global reference grid can thus also take on the role of a global and spatially unique identifier, as a geo-referenced data equivalent.
  • the method according to the invention can be used in both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) coordinate systems in order to process 2D or 3D vector objects.
  • the global reference grid is designed as a two-dimensional or three-dimensional global grid.
  • the reference point of the global reference grid is georeferenced with respect to the reference coordinate system and defined independently of the vector object(s) to be recorded (reference point defined independently of the vector object). This means that the reference point is not redefined (vector object-specific) depending on the size and position of the vector object, as in the prior art, every time a new local grid is created for a vector object, but that the global reference point, once defined, no longer changes its position relative to the reference coordinate system - regardless of the size and position of the vector object to be recorded.
  • the term (single) global reference grid expresses that the one reference grid covers the entire geographical reference coordinate system.
  • a geographical reference coordinate system can represent an entire planet or, in particular, only a selected region (e.g. Europe, Africa, North America) or a selected country.
  • a global reference grid network can be created in this way, in which the coordinates of the individual corner points of the clearly identifiable global grid elements in the reference coordinate system can be clearly determined algorithmically.
  • Figure 2 shows a two-dimensional reference coordinate system 9 with an x-axis x and a y-axis y.
  • the reference point 10 of a reference grid 11 was defined at the coordinate (0;0) of the reference coordinate system 9.
  • the first grid width is 1 in both spatial directions (i.e. in the x and y directions).
  • the resulting global reference grid 11 with its (16 shown) global grid elements 12 covers the entire reference coordinate system 9.
  • the square grid elements 12 can be clearly identified by their respective designation E(a;b).
  • their relative arrangement to one another can be derived from the designation of the grid elements, e.g. the grid element with the designation (1; 1) is located to the left of the grid element with the designation (2; 1) and below the grid element (1; 2). This means that the respective coordinates of the corner points 13 of the grid elements can be determined algorithmically using the coordinate of the reference point 10, the first grid width (in both spatial directions) and the designation of the grid elements 12.
  • Each grid element 12 with respect to the reference coordinate system 9 results from the position of its corner points 13.
  • Each grid element thus represents an associated surface area within the reference coordinate system in a two-dimensional reference coordinate system.
  • the three-dimensional grid elements each represent a volume area within the three-dimensional reference coordinate system.
  • a grid element overlaps a vector object if the control points of the vector object and/or a connecting line of the control points lie (at least partially) in an area of the reference coordinate system that the grid element covers.
  • a grid element that extends completely within the polygon edges of the vector object with respect to the reference coordinate system (internal grid element) also overlaps the associated polygon vector object.
  • the (first) grid spacing of the global grid elements is determined by the respective extension of the grid elements in the two (2D) or three (3D) spatial directions.
  • the grid elements of a grid spacing each have an identical grid spacing.
  • a route can be determined for a mobile machine that leads (exclusively) through surface areas or volume areas of the reference coordinate system that are represented by one of the (global) grid elements stored together with the respectively assigned object attribute and/or the further attribute, the route can be transmitted to the mobile machine and the route can be followed by the mobile machine, and/or a route can be determined for a mobile machine that leads to a surface area or volume area of the reference coordinate system that is represented by one of the (global) grid elements stored together with the respectively assigned object attribute and/or the further attribute, the route can be transmitted to the mobile machine and the route can be followed by the mobile machine.
  • a mobile machine can be controlled based on the information contained in the attribute assignment regarding the state of an area/volume area (or global grid element). This can be achieved, for example, by determining a route and transmitting it to the mobile machine to follow, which leads (exclusively) over area areas or volume areas of the reference coordinate system (or global grid elements) to which a defined attribute is assigned. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that routes are defined in such a way that area areas or volume areas of the reference coordinate system (or global grid elements) to which a certain attribute is assigned are avoided.
  • a mobile machine can be an air, water and land vehicle.
  • a mobile machine can, for example, be designed as an (autonomous) mine clearance vehicle, which is given a route to follow for mine clearance that leads through areas represented by global grid elements, each of which is assigned the attribute "to be cleared”, an (autonomous or human-operated) (military) transport vehicle, which is given a route to follow that leads exclusively through areas represented by global grid elements, each of which is assigned the attribute "cleared and safe", an (autonomous or human-operated) mining machine that is suitable for mining mineral resources in an open-cast mine and that is given a route to follow which leads to a surface area represented by global grid elements to which the attribute "ready for mining" is assigned, an (autonomous or human-operated) unloading vehicle which is suitable for unloading landfill material at a landfill and to which a route can be transmitted for following which leads to a surface area represented by a global grid element to which the attribute "ready for mining" is assigned, an aircraft to which a route can be
  • an alarm signal can be triggered when a mobile machine is located in a surface area or volume area of the reference coordinate system that is represented by one of the global grid elements stored together with the respectively assigned object attribute and/or the further attribute.
  • the alarm can be triggered in particular when the mobile machine enters such a surface or volume area.
  • the georeferenced global reference grid has grid elements of the first grid width and grid elements of a larger grid width
  • the larger grid width is larger than the first grid width and a plurality of grid elements of the first grid width (child grid elements) are assigned to a grid element of the larger grid width (parent grid element) in a clearly identifiable and georeferenced manner and fill this completely and without overlap
  • the method step C) of determining and selecting those grid elements of the first grid width that overlap with the vector object comprises:
  • the global reference grid comprises grid elements of nine different grid widths.
  • the grid elements of the largest grid width in a two-dimensional reference grid for example, have a grid width of 100 km x 100 km, while the grid elements of the next smaller grid width are each 10 times smaller in length and width.
  • the grid widths of the smaller grid elements are therefore 10 km x 10 km, 1 km x 1 km, 100 m x 100 m, 10 m x 10 m, 1 m x 1 m, 100 mm x 100 mm, 10 mm x 10 mm or 1 mm x 1 mm.
  • One hundred grid elements of the next smallest grid width fill a grid element of the next largest grid width completely and without overlapping and are clearly identifiable and georeferenced to it.
  • the individual grid elements would be cube-shaped in an analogous manner, with the next smaller grid width being smaller in length, width and height by a factor of 10.
  • 10,000 grid elements of the next smaller grid width would fill a grid element of the next larger grid width completely and without overlapping and would be clearly identifiable and georeferenced to it.
  • the coordinates of the respective corner points can first be determined (algorithmically) for the grid elements of the larger grid width.
  • those grid elements of the larger grid width can then be determined and selected that overlap with the vector object in terms of their position in the reference coordinate system (determined by the respective corner points).
  • those grid elements of the first grid width that lie within the selected grid elements of the larger grid width are activated.
  • the coordinates of their respective corner points can then be determined (algorithmically) and those activated grid elements of the first grid width are determined and selected, which overlap with the vector object with respect to their position in the reference coordinate system (determined by the respective corner points).
  • the at least one further attribute is designed as a main object attribute that assigns a higher-level main object to a grid element, in particular a building, a floor, a part of a building, a construction section and/or a room, an area attribute that assigns a grid element in particular an area name, an area type, an area status and/or an area type, a sub-object attribute that assigns a downstream sub-object to a grid element, a qualitative or quantitative attribute that assigns a color, a material, a floor type and/or a floor covering type to a grid element, a temporal or statistical attribute that assigns a point in time and/or an object number to a grid element, in particular to enable the tracking of moving objects such as vehicles, a complex attribute that assigns a document, in particular a soil report, a laboratory analysis or an aerial photograph, and/or a data set, in particular a table, to a grid element, and/or a link attribute that assigns a link
  • Such attributes can be used particularly in BIM and GIS applications as well as machine control applications.
  • the vector object is provided by assigning the geographical coordinate of the reference coordinate system to the at least one support point by means of a GPS tracker.
  • a GPS tracker is a portable device that is designed to record and document its GPS location.
  • a GPS tracker can be used in conjunction with the method according to the invention to record the status of, for example, an area in a particularly simple manner. To do this, the area to be mapped is "circled" with the GPS tracker.
  • some support points are defined and a corresponding polygon vector object is created.
  • the polygon vector object created can then be used according to the inventive method by assigning an associated object attribute (or further attribute) expressing a certain status to the grid elements of the reference grid that overlap the vector object.
  • the method according to the invention can be used (particularly in conjunction with a GPS tracker or aerial image evaluations) to quickly and easily record and document the status of areas or sections of areas for military, police and other official applications.
  • the vector object is a polygon vector object with at least three support points
  • the determination and selection of the grid elements according to step C) takes place by determining and selecting those grid elements that lie completely within the polygon vector object (inner grid elements)
  • the assignment of the object attribute linked to the vector object and/or a further attribute to the selected grid elements according to step D) takes place by assigning the object attribute linked to the polygon vector object and/or the further attribute to the inner grid elements selected in the previous step.
  • a polygon vector object describes a polygon whose vertices are each connected to two other vertices of the polygon by two polygon edges.
  • a grid element lies completely within a polygon vector object and is therefore an internal grid element if the grid element extends completely within the polygon edges of the vector object with respect to the reference coordinate system.
  • a grid element that lies inside the polygon is always also a grid element that overlaps the polygon within the meaning of the present application.
  • the method according to the invention can additionally comprise the following steps
  • the method according to the invention can advantageously comprise the following steps
  • the child grid elements inherit the assigned (object) attributes of their parent grid elements.
  • the method according to the invention for outputting a conflict message can also be used in connection with so-called geo-fencing applications.
  • the first object attribute "restricted area” can be assigned to the associated grid elements that overlap the first vector object via a corresponding first vector object.
  • a second vector object maps the position of a potential intruder on the physical area in the reference coordinate system.
  • the second object attribute "position of the potential intruder” is assigned to those grid elements that overlap with a second vector object. If both the first object attribute "restricted area” and the second object attribute "position of the potential intruder" are assigned to a grid element, a conflict message can be issued to indicate that the intruder has entered the restricted area.
  • an attribute can be transferred from a first grid element to a second grid element by means of the method according to claim 10.
  • the computer-implemented method for transferring an attribute from a first grid element to a second grid element of a common global reference grid within a GIS application or a BIM application comprises the following steps Assigning an object attribute and/or a further attribute to a first selection of uniquely identifiable grid elements of a global reference grid network according to claim 1, determined by means of a first vector object, selecting a first grid element of the first grid width to which the object attribute and/or the further attribute is assigned,
  • Transferring an attribute from the first grid element to the second grid element can be done by deleting the assignment of the attribute from the first grid element and assigning the attribute to the second grid element and saving it accordingly.
  • the attribute is linked to time information that states that up to a defined point in time the attribute is assigned to the first grid element and then to the second grid element. This time information together with the attribute information can be assigned to both grid elements accordingly, so that it is traceable and documented when the attribute was transferred from where to where.
  • the additional attribute describes, for example, a material type, its density and classification
  • the corresponding material flow can be traced in time and space. This is essential for the recording, documentation and traceability of mass and volume flows (e.g. in connection with landfills or mines) and is becoming more and more important against the background of the circular economy.
  • the recorded data is consistent and easy to manage because the inventive use of the global reference grid means that the first and second grid elements are identically dimensioned and both grid elements are in a common grid (or data space) so that cross-references can easily be made between the grid elements. All of this is not possible in a conventional GIS application or BIM application.
  • the method for assigning an attribute to a grid element of a larger grid width of a global reference grid comprises the following steps:
  • the invention manifests itself in a data processing system according to claim 12 and a computer program product according to claim 13.
  • the data processing system is in particular a database management system that enables the spatial arrangement of a physical object on a physical surface or in the physical space of a geographical reference coordinate system to be recorded.
  • the data processing system can in particular be designed as a desktop computer, server (on-premise or in the cloud) or mobile device and in particular comprises a storage unit and a processor unit.
  • the storage unit can be designed as a volatile or non-volatile data storage device and enables the storage of data sets and the provision of stored data sets.
  • the processor unit can be designed as one or more computer processors and in particular enables the editing, manipulation, determination, selection and assignment of data sets and/or attributes.
  • Fig. 1 the generation of a grid for a polygon vector object according to the prior art
  • Fig. 2 a reference coordinate system with a reference point and a reference grid including grid elements
  • FIG. 3 Grid elements of a global reference grid, which are selected according to a method according to the invention and to which an object attribute can be assigned,
  • Fig. 4A-4D grating elements of a larger grating pitch and grating elements of the first grating pitch provided in a method according to the invention
  • FIG. 5A-5D Grid elements of a first grid width and the associated
  • Grid elements (Fig.6B) of a reference grid network, which are selected by a method according to the invention, Fig. 7 inner grid elements of a first grid width and
  • Grid elements with a larger grid width which together form a Polygon vector object and provided in a method according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows the grid 4 as it is generated for the polygon vector object 3 according to the methods customary in the prior art
  • Figure 2 shows a reference coordinate system 9 with a reference point 10 and a reference grid 11.
  • Figures 3 to 7 each illustrate grid elements 14 of a georeferenced global reference grid network 15, as provided within the framework of a method according to the invention.
  • the following explanations are intended to further explain the method according to the invention using concrete application examples.
  • Figure 3 shows a section of a second map 16 georeferenced in a reference coordinate system, in the middle of which a plot of land 17 with several buildings on it is arranged.
  • the contour of the plot of land 17 is designed as a polygon vector object 18 georeferenced in the reference coordinate system.
  • the polygon vector object 18 has several support points 19 that are connected by polygon edges 20 and thus describe the contour of the plot of land 17.
  • the support points 20 are each assigned a geographical coordinate of the reference coordinate system. Together, the support points 19 represent the position of the "plot of land" object 17 in the geographical reference coordinate system.
  • a section of the georeferenced global reference grid 15 is shown with a selection of the grid elements 14 of a first grid width.
  • the individual grid elements 14 of a first grid width (10m x 10m) are each designed as a quadrangular polygon (or square), border on one another, are clearly identifiable within the global reference grid 15 by their designation and are georeferenced with respect to the reference coordinate system.
  • Figure 3 shows the selection of the grid elements 14 of the first grid width that overlap with the polygon vector object 18 (with respect to their respective position in the reference coordinate system).
  • the grid elements 14 of the first selection were also assigned the object attribute "property", which is linked to the polygon vector object 18.
  • the grid elements 14 of the first selection are then stored in a storage unit together with the object attribute "property" assigned to them.
  • EPSG:3035 is used as the reference coordinate system, although other suitable reference coordinate systems such as EPSG:3395 could also be used in an analogous manner.
  • the starting point, reference point or zero point of the reference coordinate system EPSG:3035 is used as the vector object-independent global reference point of the reference grid, which in turn is globally georeferenced uniquely by its longitude and latitude.
  • EPSG European Petrol Search Group
  • Figures 4A to 4D illustrate how the determination and selection of those grid elements of the first grid width 14 can be carried out particularly efficiently according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the reference grid network 15 also has clearly identifiable and georeferenced grid elements of a larger grid width 21 (grid width 100m x 100m).
  • a plurality of grid elements of the first grid width 14 are clearly identifiable and georeferenced and are each assigned to a grid element of the larger grid width 21 and fill this grid element of the larger grid width completely and without overlap.
  • the grid elements of the first grid width 14 thus have a kind of child-parent relationship to the grid elements of the larger grid width 21.
  • the grid elements of the larger grid width 21 are referred to as parent grid elements and the grid elements of the first grid width 14 are referred to as child grid elements.
  • first those grid elements of the larger grid width 21 that overlap with the polygon vector object 18 are determined and selected (see Figures 4A and 4B). Then those grid elements of the first grid width 14 that lie within the selected grid elements of the larger grid width 21 are activated (see Figure 4C). The activated grid elements of the first grid width are then checked to see whether they overlap with the polygon vector object 18 and those grid elements of the first grid width that meet this condition are determined and selected. The selected grid elements of the first grid width 14 of this first selection are then assigned the object attribute "property" as already explained above.
  • Figures 5A to 5D each illustrate grid elements of a first grid width 14 and the associated grid elements of a smaller grid width 22, which are provided in a method according to the invention.
  • the quadrangular, square grid elements of the first grid width 14 function here as the larger parent grid elements and each have a grid width of 10m x 10m.
  • the grid elements of the smaller grid width 22 function here as the smaller child grid elements and each have a grid width of 1m x 1m.
  • Each 100 grid elements of the smaller grid width 22 (child grid elements) are clearly identifiable and georeferenced and fill the respective grid element of the first grid width 14 (parent grid element) completely and without overlap.
  • Figure 50 shows those child grid elements that are assigned to the parent grid elements shown in Figures 5A and 5B.
  • Figure 5D shows only that (second) selection of child grid elements (grid elements of the smaller grid width 22) that overlap with the polygon vector object 18.
  • the child grid elements of the second selection can each be assigned the object attribute of their parent grid element and/or a second additional attribute.
  • the selected grid elements of the smaller grid width 22 that overlap with the polygon vector object 18 can therefore be assigned the object attribute "property", for example.
  • Figures 6A and 6B each show, for a different polygon vector object 23, which depicts the floor plan of the main building on the property 17 and is georeferenced accordingly, the grid elements of the smaller grid width 22 (Figure 6A) that overlap the associated polygon, or the inner grid elements of the smaller grid width 22 ( Figure 6B).
  • the inner grid elements 22 of the smaller grid width 22 have in common that they extend completely within the polygon edges of the polygon of the polygon vector object 23. This selection of inner grid elements was assigned the object attribute "building".
  • the grid elements of Figures 6A and 6B and the grid elements of Figures 3 to 5 are each part of the (same) single global reference grid 15.
  • the grid elements of the smaller grid spacing 22 of Figures 6A and 6B are a subset of the grid elements 22 of the smaller grid spacing shown in Figures 50 and 5D. If the grid elements of the smaller grid width 22 shown in Figure 5D and overlapping the polygon vector object 18 (plot of land) are each assigned the object attribute "plot of land” and the inner grid elements of the smaller grid width 22 shown in Figure 6B and lying within the polygon vector object 23 ("building") are each assigned the object attribute "building”, then both object attributes ("building” and "plot of land”) are assigned to these inner grid elements.
  • (polygon) vector objects are recorded by assigning attributes to grid elements of a single common reference grid 15.
  • Figure 7 illustrates how storage space can be saved by assigning an attribute to a grid element with a larger grid width.
  • Figure 7 shows the polygon vector object 23 with grid elements of the first grid width 14 (grid width 10m x 10m) of the global reference grid 15. Each grid element of the first grid width 14 is assigned one hundred grid elements of the smaller grid width 22 (grid width 1m x 1m) in a clearly identifiable and georeferenced manner and fills it completely and without overlap.
  • Figure 7 (analogous to Figure 6B), only the grid elements of the smaller grid width 22 that are located inside the polygon vector object 23 are shown.
  • the grid elements of the first grid width 14 are grid elements of a larger grid width compared to the smaller grid width 22 (grid width 1m x 1m).
  • Reference coordinate system 9 x-axis x y-axis y
  • Grid element of a first grid width 14 global reference grid 15 second map 16

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé mis en œuvre par ordinateur destiné à détecter un agencement spatial d'un objet physique sur une surface physique par affectation d'un attribut à une sélection, déterminée au moyen d'un objet vectoriel, d'éléments de grille globaux identifiables de manière univoque d'un réseau en grille de référence global (15), en particulier à l'intérieur d'une application GIS, d'une application BIM ou d'une application à la commande de machines, ledit procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes : A) fournir un réseau en grille de référence global (15), géoréférencé par rapport à un système de coordonnées de référence géographique, ledit réseau en grille comportant un point de référence global géographique défini indépendamment d'un objet vectoriel et des éléments de grille globaux d'une première largeur de grille (14) qui sont contigus sans chevauchement et peuvent être identifiés de manière univoque à l'intérieur du réseau en grille de référence global (15) et qui sont géoréférencés par rapport au système de coordonnées de référence, B) fournir un objet vectoriel comportant au moins un point d'appui (19) auquel est affectée dans chaque cas une coordonnée géographique du système de coordonnées de référence géographique (9), C) déterminer et sélectionner les éléments de grille de la première largeur de grille (14) qui coïncident avec l'objet vectoriel, et D) affecter un attribut d'objet, lié à l'objet vectoriel, et/ou un autre attribut, aux éléments de grille de la première largeur de réseau (14) sélectionnés à l'étape C) et enregistrer les éléments de grille (14) sélectionnés conjointement avec l'attribut d'objet affecté dans chaque cas et/ou l'autre attribut.
EP24703292.3A 2023-02-02 2024-01-30 Affectation d'un attribut à des éléments de grille, coïncidant avec un objet vectoriel, d'un réseau en grille de référence Pending EP4658975A1 (fr)

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DE102023102618.6A DE102023102618A1 (de) 2023-02-02 2023-02-02 Computerimplementiertes Verfahren zum Zuweisen eines Attributs an eine mittels eines Vektor-Objekts bestimmte Auswahl von eindeutig identifizierbaren Gitterelementen eines globalen Referenzgitternetzes
PCT/EP2024/052184 WO2024160788A1 (fr) 2023-02-02 2024-01-30 Affectation d'un attribut à des éléments de grille, coïncidant avec un objet vectoriel, d'un réseau en grille de référence

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