Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/0023—Building characterised by incorporated canalisations
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
  • E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
  • E04B1/5825—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a closed cross-section
  • E04B1/5831—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a closed cross-section of substantially rectangular form
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
  • F24D5/00—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems
  • F24D5/06—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems operating without discharge of hot air into the space or area to be heated
  • F24D5/10—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems operating without discharge of hot air into the space or area to be heated with hot air led through heat-exchange ducts in the walls, floor or ceiling
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
  • E04B2001/2466—Details of the elongated load-supporting parts
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
  • E04B2001/249—Structures with a sloping roof
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
  • E04B2001/2496—Shear bracing therefor

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of construction, in particular the construction of buildings.
• the present invention further relates to the field of air conditioning, in particular the temperature control of buildings.
• the invention further relates to the field of efficient, in particular resource-saving, heating and cooling of interior spaces.
• the module serves to distribute conditioned air in a multi-story building and, according to the invention, is installed in both floor and wall sections, particularly as a supporting structure.
• the air is brought to a desired temperature decentrally, especially within the floor and wall sections, by means of heat exchange between fluid-filled pipes contained within the module.
• the fluid circulates in a closed loop and is tempered at a central point.
• the air is then supplied to the respective interior spaces via outlets.
• the module according to the invention, consists of a material with high thermal capacity, such as concrete, thus achieving good temperature retention.
• the module's construction is complex due to the integration of pipes within the concrete encasement and involves various building materials. Furthermore, separate channels are required for... Transport of the tempered air and fluid is necessary. Additionally, temperature control is highly lossy due to the heat exchange that first occurs between the fluid and the pipeline, and then between the pipeline and the ambient air. This requires a significantly higher or lower fluid temperature to achieve a moderate air temperature.
• the US 11168896 B2 Structural elements such as columns or crossbeams, as well as floor elements of a modular building, are used to distribute heated or cooled air.
• This air is brought to the desired temperature by means of a fluid circulating through pipes within the structural elements, with outlets provided in the floor elements for air distribution.
• energy loss occurs due to heat exchange between the fluid, pipes, and ambient air, necessitating the installation of additional elements for operating the air conditioning system, such as a circulation mechanism.
• the NZ 621503 B utilizes hollow steel beam elements within the building structure for media communication, particularly for distributing or releasing air or water from within the steel beam elements, which simultaneously serve to form wall components and connect to beams.
• openings for the direct exchange of media are also provided here, and heating or cooling of the media takes place at a central location, resulting in losses along the transport path and additional energy consumption due to a circulation mechanism.
• the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device for air conditioning an interior space which can be integrated into the structure of the building in a space-saving manner and requires little material.
• the invention aims to provide a device for air conditioning a building with low energy consumption and optimal use of heat energy and surfaces for heat exchange.
• a supporting structure for adjusting a room climate preferably in the interior of a building, in particular a residential building.
• An advantage of the device according to the invention is that material can be saved by using the supporting structure for heat exchange, since no additional surfaces need to be provided for heat exchange. This allows, for example, savings in materials required for radiators. Furthermore, there is no need to install heating elements or coils over a large wall and/or floor area.
• the indoor climate is improved by the large surface areas available for heat transfer. This reduces dust circulation and/or the formation of heat sinks on walls. As a result, the indoor climate is more comfortable and the air quality is improved, making the room more suitable for allergy sufferers.
• a load-bearing element within the meaning of the invention is an element, in particular a structural element, which is suitable for bearing loads and, especially in combination with other load-bearing elements, for forming a load-bearing structure.
• the resulting load-bearing structure can be a skeletal structure, a surface structure, or a linear structure, preferably a skeletal structure.
• load-bearing elements can be beams, columns, surfaces, slabs, or arches, or components thereof. Masonry and/or its components can also be load-bearing elements.
• the supporting structure is designed to ensure or contribute to the structural stability of a building.
• the supporting structure can be the entire structure, an individual element or component thereof, such as a single beam or brick, or a section of the structure, such as multiple beams within a skeleton frame or a wall or section of a wall formed by masonry.
• the supporting structure makes a significant contribution to the structural stability of the building. For the purposes of the invention, this means that the stability of the building is substantially ensured by the supporting structure.
• the at least one load-bearing element comprising the supporting structure is essentially designed as a hollow body.
• This load-bearing element has a wall with a lateral surface that separates an inner region from an outer one, the inner region remaining essentially free of solid material, particularly of solids, and especially free of the material from which the wall is formed, resulting in a hollow body that encloses a volume which can preferably be filled with a fluid.
• the lateral surface of the load-bearing element when used as intended, has at least one surface section facing an interior space of a building.
• both a two-dimensional, essentially planar lateral surface for example, the lateral surface of a cuboid, and a curved lateral surface of a load-bearing element, for example, a section of a cylindrical surface, are to be considered as a surface.
• "Intended use" within the meaning of the invention is understood to mean that the load-bearing element is in an installed state, for example, as part of a load-bearing structure, in particular a skeletal structure as a component of a building.
• a surface section is defined as a continuous portion of the lateral surface of the load-bearing element, which may, for example, refer to the entire side surface or only a part of the side surface of a cuboid load-bearing element.
• a surface section can also refer to the entire lateral surface of a load-bearing element.
• the hollow body encloses a volume, the volume of which is filled with at least one fluid.
• a fluid is a gas, a gas mixture, or a liquid.
• the at least one fluid is a gas, more preferably a gas mixture, and most particularly a gas mixture whose composition corresponds to that of ambient air.
• the supporting structure is characterized by the fact that no fluid exchange is possible between the volume enclosed by the hollow body and the interior of the building, in particular by the fact that the enclosed volume is hermetically sealed from the interior of the building.
• Hermetically sealed means that the penetration or escape of any particles into or from the hollow body is prevented.
• no fluid exchange is possible between the interior of the building and the volume enclosed by the hollow body.
• the fluid contained in the enclosed volume e.g., a gas or gas mixture or a liquid, preferably a gas mixture, is not in contact with the external environment of the hollow body, especially the ambient air.
• the supporting structure is designed so that an internal pressure within the supporting structure can be adjusted.
• the internal pressure is referred to here as the internal pressure of the supporting structure or simply internal pressure.
• Adjusting the internal pressure means changing, in particular increasing or decreasing, the internal pressure. This change, due to physical factors, causes a temperature change of the fluid in the volume enclosed by the hollow body. Thus, a change in the internal pressure of the hollow body results in a change in the thermal energy of the fluid.
• the supporting structure is designed to transfer heat energy from the fluid to the interior of the building via at least one surface section of the at least one supporting element facing into the interior of the building, and/or to transfer heat energy from the interior of the building to the fluid.
• Completely preventing fluid exchange i.e., preventing any particles from entering or escaping the hollow body, or from the volume enclosed by the hollow body, has the additional advantage of preventing contamination of the internal air, e.g., by air containing heavy metals within the supporting element, especially the hollow body.
• the fluid contained in the enclosed volume e.g., a gas or gas mixture or a liquid, preferably a gas mixture
• the fluid contained in the enclosed volume is not in contact with the external environment of the hollow body, in particular the ambient air, where the ambient air of the building's interior is primarily meant.
• ambient air also includes the ambient air outside the building. Any air pockets between a load-bearing element and another wall element are also included.
• air conditioning is understood to mean the ability to heat and cool the interior of a building so that the interior temperature can be regulated.
• the air conditioning, and in particular the interior temperature can be adjusted according to the needs of a user, especially a resident. This advantageously ensures a comfortable indoor climate.
• a building is defined as a closed or semi-closed building structure suitable for providing living space and/or workspace and/or to create a living space.
• a closed building structure refers to a building structure that is limited in its horizontal and vertical dimensions, and in particular is enclosed.
• a semi-closed building structure refers to a building structure that is limited at least in its vertical dimensions, and in particular is enclosed.
• a building has a roof.
• a building can be a pavilion, a caravan, a railway carriage, a container, or a single-family or multi-family house in various construction forms, for example, multi-story or as a bungalow.
• a building is characterized by having at least one interior space.
• an interior space is a part of a building that has at least partial enclosure and/or wall and/or one or more column elements, as well as a roof, i.e., a vertical enclosure.
• a roof can be a panel or ceiling structure, for example, a ceiling, or a roof structure comprising a supporting framework, roofing, and optionally interior cladding and/or insulation.
• An interior space has a boundary in at least the vertical direction, as well as at least partially, and in particular section by section, in the horizontal direction.
• an interior space has a complete boundary in the horizontal direction as well, i.e., it is completely enclosed by a wall.
• a wall is defined as at least one wall surface, a section of a wall surface, or a wall element that extends in a plane between the floor of the interior space and the termination of the interior space in a vertical direction, in particular a roof and/or ceiling structure, and that at least partially delimits the interior space in a horizontal direction.
• a wall can be composed of either sectionally arranged, i.e., interrupted, wall elements or of wall elements that are closed together, i.e., solid.
• a wall can include openings, for example, in the form of doors and windows or open passageways.
• a wall can both separate an interior space of a building from another interior space of the building and separate an interior space of a building from the building's external environment.
• the wall is referred to as the building's exterior wall.
• the wall is made at least partially of concrete and/or wood and/or glass and/or bricks, in particular clay and/or loam bricks, and/or sandstone or calcium silicate brick, but it can also be made of a metal, for example steel or a plastic.
• At least one wall of the interior is formed, at least in sections, from a material having a low specific thermal conductivity.
• low specific thermal conductivity refers to a material with a low specific thermal conductivity of at most 2.5 W/(m*K), preferably at most 2 W/(m*K), and particularly preferably at most 1 W/(m*K).
• the wall is preferably formed, at least in sections, from a material with a specific thermal conductivity of at most 2.5 W/(m*K), preferably at most 2 W/(m*K), particularly preferably at most 1 W/(m*K), and most preferably less than 0.2 W/(m*K).
• Specific thermal conductivity is typically expressed in watts per meter per kelvin.
• a material with such low specific thermal conductivity is particularly suitable for insulating buildings, especially for preventing heat energy from escaping or penetrating the interior of a building.
• heat energy introduced into the building interior, preferably into an interior space can be retained there, and losses due to heat transfer can be minimized. This advantageously results in an insulating effect against both heat and cold.
• At least one wall is formed, at least partially, from a material having a high thermal capacity, also known as heat capacity.
• a high thermal capacity means a specific thermal capacity of at least 0.7 kJ/(kg*K), preferably at least 0.8 kJ/(kg*K), and particularly preferably at least 0.9 kJ/(kg*K).
• the wall is formed, at least partially, from a material with a specific thermal capacity of at least 0.9 kJ/(kg*K), preferably at least 0.8 kJ/(kg*K), and particularly preferably at least 0.9 kJ/(kg*K).
• heat capacity is specified here in kilojoules per kilogram times Kelvin. Measurement methods and definitions can be found in the relevant technical literature.
• heat storage capacity refers to a material's ability to compensate for temperature fluctuations and stabilize the indoor climate.
• the material absorbs the heat energy interacting with it, with the input of heat energy required to change the material's temperature preferably being at least twice as high as the input of heat energy required to change the temperature of a metal, particularly steel.
• heat storage capacity refers to a material's ability to compensate for temperature fluctuations and stabilize the indoor climate.
• the material absorbs the heat energy interacting with it, with the input of heat energy required to change the material's temperature preferably being at least twice as high as the input of heat energy required to change the temperature of a metal, particularly steel.
• such a material is suitable for keeping the energy required to heat a building low.
• such a material is also suitable as an intermediate storage medium for heat energy, meaning it can absorb heat energy and release it again at a later time.
• this allows for long-
• a load-bearing structure is a structural engineering construction that influences the statics of a building and, in particular, ensures its stability.
• the load-bearing structure makes a significant contribution to the safety and reliability of a building structure, especially in the form of a load-bearing framework as described herein.
• the supporting structure is a skeleton frame.
• a skeleton frame is characterized by the fact that it utilizes a frame, also called a skeleton structure, which is preferably formed from at least one element, in particular a load-bearing element, specifically from at least one beam and/or a column, wherein a beam carries horizontal loads and a column carries vertical loads.
• a skeleton frame has several load-bearing elements.
• such a structure offers a high degree of flexibility with regard to the structural design and use of a building, especially concerning the building's height and floor plan.
• a load-bearing structure is not limited to horizontally and/or vertically oriented load-bearing elements. Arrangements are also possible in which a load-bearing element is oriented along a diagonal of a spatial direction, for example, a wall.
• a load-bearing element forms an angle with a surface bounding the room, such as a wall, ceiling, or floor, with this angle preferably being in the range of 180° to 0°, particularly preferably in the range of 90° to 0°, and most preferably in the range of 45° to 0°.
• the load-bearing elements are arranged along a diagonal of an interior wall.
• such an element can also be used as a cross brace and further increase the stability of the building. Additionally, this provides further surface area for climate control.
• the supporting structure according to the invention comprises at least one second and/or at least one further supporting element.
• This achieves the desired stability of the building.
• this also increases the surface area available for heat transfer. Furthermore, it allows for greater design freedom in the construction of the building.
• the supporting structure comprises at least one second and/or at least one further supporting element (2.1, 2.2, 2.3).
• the invention comprises a plurality of supporting elements, i.e., at least two supporting elements, preferably at least three supporting elements, and particularly preferably at least four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or more supporting elements.
• the supporting elements are essentially identical.
• each supporting element within the supporting structure is designed as a hollow body and is suitable for being filled with a fluid. This makes the supporting structure as a whole available for the purpose of air conditioning a building.
• the supporting structure comprises at least one second and/or one further supporting element (2.1, 2.2, 2.3).
• the invention particularly preferably comprises a plurality of supporting elements, i.e., at least two supporting elements, preferably at least three supporting elements, and particularly preferably at least four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or further supporting elements.
• it comprises
• the supporting structure comprises at least 20 load-bearing elements, preferably at least 18, and particularly preferably at least 16.
• the supporting structure comprises at least 5000 load-bearing elements, preferably at least 2500, and particularly preferably at least 1000. In this configuration, the load-bearing elements are designed differently.
• a number of load-bearing elements are designed as hollow bodies and are suitable for being filled with a fluid.
• This allows the supporting structure to be flexibly constructed, even incorporating other structural elements, such as steel profile beams, and enables the selective use of the load-bearing elements for air conditioning the building. This advantageously results in greater flexibility in the construction of the supporting structure.
• the building is a multi-story building, preferably having at least two, and more preferably at least three, stories.
• the building has a plurality of load-bearing elements, preferably at least 20, more preferably at least 18, and more preferably at least 16.
• load-bearing elements preferably at least 20, more preferably at least 18, and more preferably at least 16.
• Such a configuration is advantageously suited for use as a single-family or two-family house.
• the selected number of load-bearing elements, as described above, allows for an optimal surface area for climate control of the building.
• the building is a multi-story building, in particular a high-rise building, preferably having at least seven, more preferably at least ten, more preferably at least 30, and most preferably at least 50 stories, or more preferably at least 100 stories.
• the building has a plurality of load-bearing elements, preferably at least 5000 load-bearing elements, more preferably at least 2500 load-bearing elements, and more preferably at least 1000 load-bearing elements.
• load-bearing elements preferably at least 5000 load-bearing elements, more preferably at least 2500 load-bearing elements, and more preferably at least 1000 load-bearing elements.
• Such a building is advantageously suited as an apartment building or for commercial use, in particular as an office building.
• the selected number of load-bearing elements, as described above, allows for an optimal surface area for air conditioning the building, in particular for achieving a base temperature within the building.
• Constructions are also conceivable that provide for a ground-level, particularly single-story, load-bearing structure, for example as a bungalow and/or for storage.
• a plurality of load-bearing elements are provided, the number of which is based on the size of the structure or the footprint of the building to be erected and preferably ranges from 8 to 10,000, more preferably from 20 to 1,000, and most preferably from 50 to 200 load-bearing elements.
• the supporting structure comprises at least one load-bearing element.
• This at least one load-bearing element is essentially designed as a hollow body, as defined herein.
• the hollow body encloses a volume.
• the enclosed volume is preferably suitable for filling with a fluid, in particular a gas and/or a liquid, preferably a gas.
• this design allows for material savings compared to a load-bearing element made of solid material.
• changing the temperature of an element designed as a hollow body requires less energy due to its lower material mass than changing the temperature of a load-bearing element made of solid material.
• the supporting structure comprises at least one load-bearing element, in particular at least one first load-bearing element and/or one second load-bearing element and/or at least one further load-bearing element, wherein the first and/or the second and/or the at least one further load-bearing element is formed at least partially from a material with a medium to high specific thermal conductivity.
• the at least one load-bearing element in particular the at least one first load-bearing element and/or one second load-bearing element and/or at least one further load-bearing element, is formed at least partially, preferably at least 25%, more preferably at least 50%, and most preferably at least 75%, and even more preferably completely, from a material with a specific thermal conductivity of at least 10 W/(m*K), preferably at least 15 W/(m*K), and most preferably at least 20 W/(m*K), most preferably at least 40 W/(m*K).
• a material is advantageously suited for the accelerated transfer of heat energy, since the heat energy is quickly absorbed and/or released by the material.
• the supporting structure comprises at least one load-bearing element, in particular at least one first load-bearing element and/or one second load-bearing element and/or at least one further load-bearing element, wherein the first and/or the second and/or the at least one further load-bearing element is formed, at least partially, from a material with a low specific heat capacity.
• the specific thermal conductivity of the material is preferably less than 0.01 J/(kg*K), more preferably less than 0.005 J/(kg*K), particularly preferably less than 0.001 J/(kg*K), and most preferably less than 0.0006 J/(kg*K).
• Such a material is advantageously suited for the rapid transfer of thermal energy, since a temperature change of the material occurs even with a small input or output of thermal energy. Due to its low heat capacity, the material also has a low heat storage capacity, so that the thermal energy supplied to the material is available to the surroundings immediately or at least with minimal losses.
• the supporting structure comprises at least one load-bearing element, in particular at least one first load-bearing element and/or a second load-bearing element and/or at least one further load-bearing element, wherein at least one load-bearing element is formed, at least partially, from a metal, in particular from steel or a steel alloy.
• a load-bearing element is advantageously characterized by its mechanical properties, in particular its formability, but also by its stability, in particular its load-bearing capacity, as well as its resistance to environmental and/or surrounding influences, in particular corrosion resistance and fire resistance. The good formability makes such a load-bearing element advantageously versatile.
• a load-bearing element made of a metal is particularly suitable for forming at least one component of a supporting structure, preferably a skeletal structure.
• the supporting structure comprises at least one load-bearing element, in particular at least one first load-bearing element and/or one second load-bearing element and/or at least one further load-bearing element, wherein at least one load-bearing element is designed as a three-dimensional body, in particular with a base of a polygon, e.g., a triangle, a quadrilateral, a pentagon, a hexagon, a heptagon, or an octagon, or with the base of a circle.
• Shapes such as truncated cones, spheres, elliptical, or pyramidal structures are also conceivable.
• the load-bearing element is designed as a three-dimensional body with a square or circular base, i.e., as a cuboid or a cylinder.
• Cylindrical or cuboid load-bearing elements are advantageously easy to manufacture and can be combined with common building structures.
• the supporting structure comprises at least one load-bearing element, in particular at least one first load-bearing element and/or a second load-bearing element and/or at least one further load-bearing element, wherein at least one load-bearing element is a load-bearing element with a rectangular, particularly preferably a square, base area.
• the load-bearing element is designed as a hollow body, wherein the hollow body encloses a rectangular, preferably square, base area, or has a rectangular, preferably square, profile.
• the hollow body has at least two side lengths a and b, wherein the side lengths a and b are selected from the set of values 20 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, 60 mm, 70 mm, 80 mm, 90 mm, 100 mm, 110 mm, 120 mm, 125 mm, 140 mm, 150 mm, 160 mm, 180 mm, 200 mm and 220 mm, and the side length b is selected from the set of values 120 mm, 125 mm, 140 mm, 150 mm, 160 mm, 180 mm, 200 mm and 220 mm.
• the side lengths a and b may be different.
• the side lengths a and b are identical.
• the load-bearing elements are square tubes, in particular square tubes, or square steel tubes, with a commercially available standard side length. This advantageously eliminates the need for custom-made components.
• the supporting structure comprises at least one load-bearing element, in particular at least one first load-bearing element and/or one second load-bearing element and/or at least one further load-bearing element, wherein the load-bearing element is a load-bearing element with a circular base.
• the load-bearing element is designed as a hollow body, wherein the hollow body encloses a circular base or has a round profile.
• the hollow body has an outer diameter, wherein the outer diameter is selected from the set of values 21.3 mm, 26.9 mm, 30.0 mm, 31.8 mm, 33.7 mm, 38.0 mm, 42.4 mm, 44.5 mm, 48.3 mm, 51.0 mm, 57.0 mm, 60.3 mm, 63.5 mm, 70.0 mm, 76.1 mm, 82.5 mm, 88.9 mm, 95.0 mm, 101.6 mm, 108.0 mm, 114.3 mm, 121.0 mm, 127.0 mm, 133.0 mm and 139.7 mm.
• the load-bearing elements are square tubes, in particular square tubes, or square steel tubes, with a commercially available standard outer diameter. This advantageously eliminates the need for custom-made components.
• a load-bearing element further comprises a wall thickness, wherein the wall thickness is defined as the thickness of the enclosure of the load-bearing element or of the hollow body that forms the load-bearing element.
• the wall thickness preferably corresponds to a value from the range of 3 mm to 16 mm, more preferably from 5.6 mm to 14.2 mm, and particularly preferably from 8.0 mm to 12.5 mm.
• the wall thickness corresponds to a value from the set of 3.0 mm, 4.0 mm, 5.0 mm, 5.6 mm, 6.0 mm, 6.3 mm, 7.1 mm, 8.0 mm, 8.8 mm, 10.0 mm, 11.0 mm, 12.5 mm, 14.2 mm, and 16.0 mm.
• a load-bearing element further comprises a length, in particular a height, which preferably corresponds to the dimension of a room side, in particular a room height and/or a room length.
• a load-bearing element has a length in the range of 2 m to 10 m, preferably in the range of 2 m to 6 m, most preferably in the range of 2.2 m to 3.6 m, and most preferably in the range of 2.6 m to 3.4 m.
• the length of a load-bearing element can be individually adapted to the desired room dimensions.
• a load-bearing element is characterized by having at least one surface section that faces into the interior of a building.
• a surface section refers to a partial section of the load-bearing element's lateral surface, specifically a partial section of the lateral surface or the entire lateral surface of a substantially cylindrical load-bearing element.
• a surface section also refers to at least one partial section or at least one complete side face of a substantially cuboid load-bearing element, or several side faces or side face sections of a cuboid element, or the entire lateral surface of a cuboid element.
• pointing into the room means that the area is not structurally covered by other elements, such as wall elements, but is in direct contact with the interior space, in particular the ambient air filling the interior space. An area is still considered to point into the room even if it is partially or completely covered by movable furniture and/or decorative elements.
• a load-bearing element in particular a first and/or a second and/or at least a further load-bearing element, is at least partially freestanding in the interior space and thus advantageously provides at least one surface area which can be used for the transfer of heat energy.
• This surface area preferably has a surface area of 0.04 m2 to 2.2 m2 , more preferably 0.11 m2 to 0.576 m2 , and most preferably 0.312 m2 to 0.476 m2 . This allows for significant control of the interior temperature. Additionally, this advantageously results in less dust being stirred up and a more uniform indoor climate.
• a load-bearing element in particular a first and/or a second and/or at least one further load-bearing element, has at least two or three surface sections facing into the interior. This increases the area available for the transfer of heat energy. Advantageously, this allows for a faster change in the temperature inside a building compared to other methods. with a single surface section facing into the room. The use of multiple surface sections also allows the transfer of heat energy in more than one direction within the room, resulting in a uniform room climate.
• a supporting element in particular a first and/or a second and/or at least a further supporting element, has at least one surface section facing a wall of the interior, wherein the wall is preferably an outer wall of a building, wherein the surface section of the supporting element preferably terminates with the wall and/or is enclosed by the wall.
• a load-bearing element in particular a first and/or a second and/or at least one further load-bearing element, is essentially cuboid-shaped, i.e., it has two end faces and four side faces, wherein the end faces preferably have a significantly smaller area than the side faces.
• the ratio of the area of a side face to the area of an end face is in the range of 1:5 to 1:500, particularly preferably in the range of 1:20 to 1:200, and most preferably in the range of 1:30 to 1:100.
• the end faces point in the direction of the vertical boundaries of the interior, for example, towards the floor of the interior and a roof and/or ceiling structure of the interior.
• At least one side surface or a side surface section of a load-bearing element faces into an interior space of a building, wherein at least one further side surface, preferably at least two further side surfaces, and particularly preferably three further side surfaces, terminate with or are surrounded by a wall of the interior space, and in particular are enclosed within it.
• this ensures heat transfer into the interior space via the at least one side surface, while the load-bearing element does not occupy any additional space in the interior space.
• a wall enclosing an interior space in one embodiment of the invention is enclosed by at least one, preferably at least two, and particularly preferably at least three side surface sections, preferably side surfaces of at least one supporting element, and is formed, at least section by section, from a material with a specific heat capacity of at least 0.7 kJ/(kg*K), preferably at least 0.75 kJ/(kg*K), and particularly preferably at least 0.8 kJ/(kg*K).
• the wall is capable of releasing the stored thermal energy to the interior space with a delay. This advantageously ensures that the temperature in the interior can be stabilized even if the supporting element itself does not provide any thermal energy for a limited period, for example for 5 to 500 minutes, preferably for 15 to 240 minutes, particularly preferably for 30 to 180 minutes.
• a load-bearing element in particular a first and/or a second and/or at least one further load-bearing element, is designed as a cuboid element and arranged in the interior of a building such that at least two side surface sections, preferably side surfaces of the element, more preferably at least three side surface sections, more preferably side surfaces, and more preferably all side surface sections, more preferably side surfaces of the load-bearing element, face into the interior.
• This makes at least half, more preferably three-quarters, and more preferably the entire surface area of the side surfaces available for the transfer of heat energy between the load-bearing element and the interior.
• this allows for a rapid change in the temperature of the interior.
• a uniform temperature distribution in the interior is achieved, since at least two, more preferably three, and more preferably four spatial directions are covered by the orientation of the load-bearing element.
• This arrangement of the projecting structures results in a larger effective surface area compared to the load-bearing element without such structures, so that the load-bearing element has improved thermal conductivity and can effectively transfer changes in the thermal energy of the interior of the load-bearing element to the interior of a building.
• a supporting element designed as a hollow body may have additional guide structures, in particular tubular guide structures for a fluid, for example a piping system.
• the guide structures are preferably designed to guide two different fluids separately within the hollow body.
• several circuits for transporting thermal energy can thus be arranged separately within the supporting element.
• the interior of the hollow body, which forms a load-bearing element is filled with at least one fluid.
• the at least one fluid is a gas, more preferably a gas mixture, and most preferably a gas mixture whose composition corresponds to that of the ambient air.
• Another conceivable embodiment of the invention provides for the use of several fluids for filling the hollow body, particularly in combination with a piping system that is provided by the hollow body, especially arranged inside it.
• Such an arrangement offers the possibility of using several fluids. They can be used separately in several interior rooms of a building for temperature control. This advantageously allows for individual temperature adjustment in different interior rooms of the building.
• the device according to the invention comprises a pressure generating device.
• the pressure generating device is configured to generate internal pressure within the hollow body of the supporting element.
• a pressure generating device is a compressor suitable for compressing fluids, particularly gases and/or gas mixtures.
• a pressure generating device can also be a device for compressing liquids, particularly a pump. Suitable devices include piston compressors, screw compressors, rotary compressors, centrifugal compressors, axial compressors, and/or scroll compressors.
• the energy required to operate the pressure-generating device is at least partially supplied by renewable energy sources, preferably solar energy. It can be provided that the renewable energy is generated locally, for example, by a photovoltaic system installed on the building. This advantageously saves energy during operation of the system.
• the pressure generating device is configured to adjust the internal pressure within the supporting structure to a range obtained by combining any two of the following endpoint values, the smaller value forming the lower limit and the larger value the upper limit: 1 bar, 1.5 bar, 2 bar, 2.5 bar, 3 bar, 3.5 bar, 4 bar, 5 bar, 6 bar, 7 bar, 8 bar, 9 bar, 10 bar, 12 bar, 15 bar, 17 bar, 20 bar, 25 bar, 30 bar, 40 bar, 50 bar, 60 bar, 70 bar, 80 bar, 90 bar, 100 bar, 150 bar.
• this choice of pressure range makes it possible to carry out the pressure change in an energy-optimized manner, adapted to the required temperature change.
• the pressure generating device is arranged in an easily accessible location, preferably a utility room, and is centrally connected to the supporting structure.
• the pressure required to regulate the temperature in at least one interior space of the building is preferably generated centrally. This advantageously results in low noise levels in the other rooms of the building.
• good accessibility of the pressure generating device for necessary maintenance work is ensured.
• the device according to the invention further comprises a pressure regulating device, wherein the pressure regulating device is configured such that the internal pressure of the supporting structure can be adjusted by means of the pressure regulating device.
• the pressure regulating device is preferably designed as a pressure valve, in particular as a pressure relief valve, a pressure reducing valve, or a pressure switching valve.
• the pressure valve is configured such that it automatically reduces the pressure when a limit value of the internal pressure within the hollow body forming the supporting element is reached.
• a pressure regulating device is easy to operate and requires no further complex control. Furthermore, protection against overpressure within the supporting element is thus advantageously ensured.
• the pressure regulating device is designed to change, and preferably reduce, the pressure within the supporting structure, particularly within one and/or more load-bearing elements, preferably within the hollow body of one and/or more load-bearing elements.
• the pressure of the fluid located inside the hollow body is changed, which leads to a change in the thermal energy of the fluid. Specifically, an increase in pressure leads to heating of the fluid, while a decrease in pressure results in cooling of the fluid.
• the change in pressure within the load-bearing element affects the entire fluid within the load-bearing element, so that a change in pressure does not occur locally, i.e., only in the immediate vicinity of the pressure regulating device, but also at a point within the supporting structure spatially distant from the pressure regulating device. It is essential that this point is directly fluidically connected to the pressure regulating device, i.e., that a transfer of fluid from this point to the pressure regulating device is possible without interruption.
• a single pressure regulating device which is preferably centrally connected to the support structure according to the invention, the pressure of the entire fluid inside the support structure can be changed. This advantageously also results in a temperature change of the fluid within the entire support structure.
• the pressure regulating device is configured to regulate the internal pressure of the supporting structure in a range of 1 bar to 150 bar, preferably from 1 bar to 90 bar, and most preferably from 1.5 bar to 50 bar.
• This pressure range is particularly suitable for changing the thermal energy of a fluid, while ensuring that the maximum internal pressure that a single load-bearing element can withstand is not exceeded.
• the maximum internal pressure for a load-bearing element for temperatures up to 120°C is determined according to DIN 2413.
• the device comprises at least one pressure measuring device.
• the pressure measuring device is configured to measure the pressure inside the supporting element at at least one position within the supporting element, particularly within the hollow body that forms the supporting element.
• the pressure measuring device can be designed, for example, as a pressure sensor, in particular a strain gauge pressure sensor, piezoelectric pressure sensor, capacitive pressure sensor, inductive pressure sensor, or pressure sensor with a Hall effect sensor, or as a Bourdon tube, diaphragm, or capsule spring manometer, or as a liquid manometer or piston manometer. This allows the pressure inside the supporting element to be determined.
• the internal pressure can advantageously be set based on a measured value.
• the pressure regulating device is configured such that, upon reaching a setpoint, it allows a reduction in pressure, preferably by the escape of the fluid located within the pressure regulating device.
• the pressure regulating device is configured such that it allows the pressure to escape into the external environment of the building, and in particular not into an interior space of the building. This advantageously ensures that fluid turbulence, especially air turbulence, does not occur within the building when the pressure is reduced, thus maintaining a uniform indoor climate even during a pressure decrease.
• the fluid temperature control device is a heat exchanger.
• a heat exchanger as understood by those skilled in the art, is a device that transfers thermal energy from one fluid flow to another.
• the heat exchanger is configured to transfer thermal energy from another fluid to the fluid within a hollow body, which forms a supporting element.
• the thermal energy required for this can be generated, for example, by a heat energy generation device, in particular a heat pump, such as an air-source heat pump, but also by a heating element, such as an electric heating element or a hot air blower.
• a heating element such as an electric heating element or a hot air blower.
• such an element can cause a local temperature increase. This allows changes in pressure within the supporting element caused by the temperature increase to be limited.
• the pressure generation device is connected to the support structure in such a way that it conveys a heated fluid, in particular heated air, into the interior of the support structure, and in particular into the interior of the load-bearing elements that comprise the support structure.
• the pressure generating device and the pressure regulating device are interconnected in such a way that, before a change, in particular a reduction, of the pressure within the supporting structure, the fluid within the supporting structure can be replaced by a heated fluid. This provides thermal energy which can be used when changing, in particular reducing, the pressure of the fluid, so that no thermal energy is drawn from the surroundings.
• the fluid temperature control device also includes a means for adjusting the moisture content of the fluid, particularly the air within the supporting structure.
• This means can be a dehumidifying function of the fluid temperature control device, or it can be a combination of the fluid temperature control device and a desiccant, for example, a silica gel. Reducing the humidity within the supporting structure advantageously increases the service life of the installed components and prevents ice formation, for example, during pressure reduction.
• the supporting structure includes an energy recovery device.
• the energy recovery device is preferably in the form of a turbine, in particular a compressed gas turbine, or a motor, in particular a compressed gas vane motor or a compressed gas gear motor.
• the energy recovery device is configured such that when the pressure of the fluid within the supporting structure decreases, a turbine, in particular a compressed gas turbine, or a motor, in particular a compressed gas vane motor or a compressed gas gear motor, is driven.
• the energy thereby recovered is advantageously available for further operation of the supporting structure and/or another application, preferably in the form of electrical energy.
• the supporting structure is configured to regulate the temperature in at least one interior space of a building.
• "Regulating" here means that the temperature in the at least one interior space of the building is brought to a defined value, in particular one determined by a user. According to the invention, this is achieved through a transfer of thermal energy between the supporting element, in particular the at least one surface area of the supporting element's outer surface, as defined herein, and the air surrounding the supporting element in the interior space, also referred to as ambient air, as well as the at least one fluid inside the supporting element. This allows for both the release of thermal energy from the ambient air to the fluid via the outer surface of the supporting element and the absorption of thermal energy by the fluid from the ambient air via the outer surface of the supporting element.
• the thermal energy of the fluid within the supporting element is preferably modified by means of a pressure generating device and/or pressure regulating device connected to the supporting element, as described herein.
• a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the pressure regulating device is configured to change the internal pressure of the supporting structure such that an adjustable base temperature prevails in at least one interior space of a building.
• the base temperature is understood to be a room temperature suitable for climate-controlling a room to such an extent that a minimum occupancy temperature prevails.
• a minimum occupancy temperature is, for example, at least 16°C, preferably at least 18°C, and particularly preferably at least 20°C.
• the invention is also particularly suitable for use in combination with other climate-control devices for interior spaces, such as air conditioning systems or heating elements, in order to achieve a temperature that deviates from the base temperature.
• a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the pressure regulating device is configured to change the internal pressure of the supporting structure such that an adjustable base temperature prevails in at least one interior space of a building.
• the base temperature is understood to be a room temperature suitable for climate-controlling a room to achieve a maximum occupancy temperature. This maximum occupancy temperature is, for example, at most 26°C, preferably at most 24°C, and particularly preferably at most 22°C.
• the invention is also particularly suitable for use in combination with other climate-control devices, such as air conditioners or heating elements, to achieve a temperature that deviates from the base temperature.
• the device according to the invention comprises a measuring element, in particular a temperature sensor, which is configured to detect the temperature of an interior space of a building, also referred to as the ambient temperature.
• the ambient temperature Preferably, the prevailing ambient temperature can thus be monitored by means of the supporting structure.
• this allows the air conditioning of the interior space to be controlled based on the result.
• the support structure includes a processing unit configured to compare the measured ambient temperature with a temperature value stored in a database, hereinafter referred to as the target temperature.
• the database can exchange data with the processing unit either as an external element via a wireless or wired connection, or as a permanently integrated part of the processing unit.
• the database can be implemented as decentralized cloud storage or as physical hardware located centrally. If a deviation between the target temperature and the measured ambient temperature is detected that exceeds a tolerance range, the processing unit is configured to generate an electrical signal that can be transmitted.
• the tolerance range is 5°C, more preferably 3°C, and most preferably 2°C. The actual temperature value thus deviates from the target temperature by a maximum of 5°C, more preferably by a maximum of 3°C, and most preferably by a maximum of 2°C.
• the computing unit has a user interface, in particular an optical user interface, preferably an optical user interface, which allows user input.
• the user interface is configured to provide a user with information, in particular a recorded ambient temperature and/or a set target temperature and/or other information, e.g., the current pressure of a fluid.
• the support structure according to the invention includes an actuator which is operatively connected to the computing unit such that the computing unit is configured to generate an electrical signal to control the actuator and thereby control the actuator.
• This actuator is particularly preferably a pressure regulating device, as described herein.
• the signal causes the pressure regulating device to change the pressure of a fluid such that thermal energy is absorbed or released by the fluid.
• the signal can also cause the pressure regulating device to pause, abort, and/or terminate a change in the fluid's pressure.
• the control of the pressure regulating device can advantageously be automated.
• the actuator is controlled by an electrical signal generated by the processing unit.
• the electrical signal is generated by the processing unit when a deviation is detected between a measured ambient temperature and a setpoint temperature.
• the actuator especially the pressure regulating device, can be controlled automatically.
• this eliminates the need for user input, and the desired indoor temperature can be reliably set.
• no adjustments to the settings are necessary when the room temperature changes, as the device according to the invention can react even to small temperature variations.
• the processing unit is configured to generate a signal for controlling an actuator, preferably a pressure regulating device, with a time-based clock, in particular a time-based clock defined by a user.
• a time-based clock is understood to mean, for example, a daily, weekly, and/or monthly schedule and/or a comparable plan, within which at least one fixed switch-on and/or switch-off time is defined, at which the processing unit generates an electrical signal and transmits it to the actuator, in particular the pressure regulating device.
• the electrical signal causes the actuator to change the pressure of a fluid or to pause, abort, and/or terminate the change in the pressure of a fluid.
• an automated operating schedule for the device according to the invention can be preset and/or entered by a user, whereby environmental variables such as seasonal high and/or low outside temperatures can also be taken into account.
• the processing unit is configured to generate an electrical signal for controlling an actuator, in particular a pressure regulating device, both at a timed interval, especially one defined by the user, and upon a detected deviation between a measured ambient temperature and a setpoint temperature.
• an actuator in particular a pressure regulating device
• the pressure is adjusted by the pressure regulating device only if the programmed schedule calls for a change in pressure and the resulting climate control of the interior space.
• a user-defined climate control schedule for a building's interior can thus be automatically monitored and, if necessary, adjusted. This ensures that a desired room temperature is reliably achieved and, at the same time, climate control can be efficiently tailored to the user's needs.
• the device according to the invention can have at least one circulation element for circulating the fluid arranged inside the supporting structure, in particular inside a load-bearing element.
• the at least one circulation element is configured to redistribute, in particular circulate, the fluid inside the load-bearing element.
• the fluid is preferably redistributed inside the load-bearing element by flowing along its outer surface. This promotes the exchange of thermal energy between the fluid and the outer surface of the load-bearing element.
• this accelerates the change in room temperature.
• it promotes a uniform distribution of thermal energy within the load-bearing element, which also advantageously promotes a uniform temperature distribution inside and outside the load-bearing element.
• the supporting structure has at least two, preferably at least three, and particularly preferably at least four or more circulation elements.
• the circulation elements are arranged such that each load-bearing element of the supporting structure has at least one circulation element. This arrangement ensures effective redistribution or circulation of the fluid throughout the entire supporting structure. This advantageously results in a uniform distribution of thermal energy within the supporting structure and a consequently uniform temperature distribution in all interior spaces of a building. Furthermore, a uniform distribution of thermal energy within the supporting structure prevents the occurrence of areas with higher and/or lower thermal energy.
• the supporting structure comprises at least one second and/or one further supporting element (2.1, 2.2, 2.3).
• the invention particularly preferably comprises a plurality of supporting elements, i.e., at least two supporting elements, preferably at least three supporting elements, especially Preferably, at least four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, or more load-bearing elements are incorporated.
• the load-bearing elements are connected to one another via a connection, preferably a metallurgical connection, in particular a welded connection, for example, a fusion weld and/or a resistance weld.
• connection is designed such that the escape of any fluid located inside the load-bearing elements is prevented, thus ensuring that the individual load-bearing elements are fluid-tightly connected to one another.
• "fluid-tightly connected” means that the exchange of one and/or more fluids via the connection of the load-bearing elements is possible.
• this ensures that the internal pressure generated in a single load-bearing element prevails throughout the entire load-bearing structure.
• the load-bearing elements are positively connected to one another.
• the load-bearing elements for example, have tongue-and-groove elements that interlock in such a way that a firm connection exists between them.
• the load-bearing elements preferably have a bridging element at the connection points, in particular a hose connection, which ensures a fluidically tight connection between the load-bearing elements.
• this allows a connection between the load-bearing elements to be formed with low energy expenditure, while ensuring that the load-bearing elements retain their shape. This prevents structurally induced gaps and warping of the load-bearing elements within the supporting structure.
• the load-bearing elements are connected to one another by a force-fit connection.
• the load-bearing elements have, for example, a screw connection that interlocks in such a way that a firm connection exists between them.
• the load-bearing elements preferably have a bridging element at the connection points, in particular a hose connection, which ensures a fluidically tight connection between the load-bearing elements.
• this allows a connection between the load-bearing elements to be formed with low energy expenditure, while ensuring that the load-bearing elements retain their shape. This prevents structurally induced gaps and distortion of the load-bearing elements within the supporting structure.
• the load-bearing elements are preferably connected at the location where the supporting structure is erected, hereinafter referred to as the installation site. This results in simplified transport of the components of the supporting structure.
• the supporting structure comprises a plurality of load-bearing elements, wherein the load-bearing elements are fluidly bonded to one another. At least one, preferably exactly one, load-bearing element is fluidly bonded to at least one, preferably exactly one, pressure-generating device.
• the pressure-regulating device is configured to change the pressure within the supporting structure, in particular the pressure of a fluid within the load-bearing elements of the supporting structure, such that the thermal energy of the fluid changes.
• the supporting structure comprises a plurality of load-bearing elements.
• the load-bearing elements are fluidically isolated from one another, i.e., they have no fluid connection, so that an exchange of fluids between the load-bearing elements is not possible.
• a plurality of load-bearing elements of the supporting structure preferably at least two load-bearing elements of the The supporting structure, particularly preferably comprising at least three supporting elements, particularly preferably at least four, five or six supporting elements, and most preferably all supporting elements of the supporting structure, is equipped with a pressure generating device. This allows the pressure of a fluid within one supporting element to be generated independently of the pressure of a fluid within another supporting element.
• this enables different room temperatures to be set in different interior spaces of a building.
• the supporting structure is modular.
• a modular structure refers to a supporting structure composed of several load-bearing elements, wherein the load-bearing elements are configured independently and/or in conjunction with one another for changing and/or setting a temperature in at least one interior space of a building.
• the load-bearing elements are configured for setting or providing a base temperature in at least one interior space of the building.
• the supporting structure may include a plurality of pressure-regulating devices, wherein each pressure-regulating device is fluidly connected to at least one load-bearing element or a plurality of load-bearing elements.
• a plurality of load-bearing elements refers to load-bearing elements, each of which has at least one surface facing an interior space, preferably the same interior space of the building.
• load-bearing elements each of which has at least one surface facing an interior space, preferably the same interior space of the building.
• only those load-bearing elements that each have at least one surface facing the same interior space of the building are fluidly connected to one another, while load-bearing elements that do not have a surface facing the same interior space of the building are fluidly isolated from one another. This advantageously provides the possibility of providing different temperatures in a number of interior spaces within a building.
• the supporting structure is designed such that it has at least one, preferably exactly one, pressure generating device and at least one pressure regulating device.
• the pressure regulating device is configured to allow pressure to escape into the external environment of the building, and in particular not into an interior space of the building.
• the pressure generating device is configured to adjust, and in particular increase, the internal pressure of the supporting structure.
• the pressure generating device is configured to increase the internal pressure of the supporting structure to between 1 bar and 150 bar, preferably between 2 bar and 90 bar, and most preferably between 10 bar and 50 bar.
• the resulting heat energy is preferably dissipated via the supporting structure to the environment, and in particular to at least one interior space of the building. This results in an adiabatic change of state of the supporting structure.
• the supporting structure also includes a fluid temperature control device, which is preferably designed as a fan, and in particular as a hot air fan.
• the fluid temperature control device is configured such that, before changing, and in particular reducing, the internal pressure of the supporting structure, especially of at least one load-bearing element, it distributes a heated fluid, particularly heated air, inside the supporting structure.
• the pressure regulating device is configured to maintain a constant pressure by allowing the fluid, particularly the air, to escape into the building's external environment. This allows for air exchange within the supporting structure.
• the pressure regulating device is configured to change the pressure within the supporting structure after the air exchange, preferably reducing it, for example, by adjusting it to the ambient pressure conditions, and/or reducing the pressure to 1 bar and/or by 10 bar to 90 bar, preferably by 15 bar to 70 bar, and particularly preferably by 30 bar to 50 bar.
• this configuration allows for an isothermal change of state in the supporting structure, since the energy required for the expansion of the fluid, particularly the air, is obtained from the heated fluid, particularly the heated air, itself. Additionally, following the pressure reduction, further fluid exchange, particularly of the air within the supporting structure, can be provided. This can advantageously prevent the supporting structure, and thus the interior, from cooling down.
• the supporting structure is designed such that it has at least one, preferably exactly one, pressure generating device and at least one pressure regulating device.
• the pressure regulating device is configured such that it prevents pressure from escaping into the The external environment of the building, and in particular not an interior space of the building, is not affected.
• the pressure generating device is configured to adjust, and in particular increase, the internal pressure of the supporting structure.
• the pressure generating device is configured to reduce the internal pressure of the supporting structure from 2 bar to 150 bar, preferably from 10 bar to 90 bar, and particularly preferably from 30 bar to 50 bar, to 1 bar to 140 bar, and particularly preferably to 1 bar to 90 bar, and particularly preferably to 1 bar to 40 bar.
• the heat energy required for this is preferably extracted from the environment, and in particular from at least one interior space of a building, via the supporting structure. This results in an adiabatic change of state in the supporting structure.
• the supporting structure also includes a fluid temperature control device, which is preferably designed as a fan.
• the fluid temperature control device is configured such that, before any change, particularly before an increase, of the internal pressure of the supporting structure, especially of at least one load-bearing element, it distributes a cooled fluid, particularly cooled air, inside the supporting structure.
• the pressure regulating device is configured to maintain a constant pressure by allowing the fluid, particularly the air, to escape into the external environment of the building. This allows for air exchange within the supporting structure.
• the pressure regulating device is configured to change the pressure within the supporting structure after the air exchange, preferably increasing it, for example, to 2 bar to 150 bar, more preferably from 10 bar to 90 bar, and particularly preferably from 30 bar to 50 bar.
• this configuration allows for an isothermal change of state in the supporting structure, since the heat energy generated by the pressure increase is absorbed by the fluid, particularly the air.
• a further exchange of the fluid, particularly the air, within the supporting structure can be provided following the pressure increase. This advantageously prevents the supporting structure from heating up, and thus also prevents the interior from heating up.
• the supporting structure is designed as a closed system.
• the supporting structure is constructed from interconnected load-bearing elements in such a way that fluid circulation within the structure is enabled.
• the supporting structure includes a pressure-generating device, which is preferably designed as a blower and/or fan and/or ventilator, preferably as a hot air blower.
• the pressure generated by the pressure-generating device within the supporting structure is preferably inhomogeneous, i.e., it preferably decreases along the fluid flow path within the supporting structure.
• the heat generated by the local pressure increase is transported within the supporting structure by the pressure-generating device without causing air turbulence outside the supporting structure. This ensures a uniform indoor climate. Furthermore, this simplifies the use of a fluid different from the ambient air, particularly a protective gas, since refilling the supporting element due to fluid loss is unnecessary.
• the indoor temperature in at least one interior space of a building is detected by a measuring element, preferably by a temperature sensor.
• the measured temperature is preferably transmitted to a processing unit, which compares the temperature with a target temperature.
• the target temperature is stored in a database for this purpose, which is configured for data exchange with the processing unit.
• adjustments are made, in particular by increasing or decreasing the internal pressure of the supporting structure, as described herein.
• this also changes the pressure of the fluid inside the supporting element. Consequently, the thermal energy of the fluid also changes, resulting in a transfer of thermal energy between the fluid and the outer surface of the supporting element. Furthermore, thermal energy is transferred via the outer surface of the supporting element between the supporting element and the interior of the building. This allows the temperature inside the building to be adjusted.
• the method further comprises step S05, "distributing a heated fluid within the supporting structure," wherein step S05 is performed before and/or after step S03.
• a heated fluid especially heated air
• a heated fluid is distributed within the supporting structure, preferably by means of a blower, and particularly preferably by means of a hot air blower.
• This increases the thermal energy of the fluid within the supporting structure.
• this prevents the supporting structure from cooling down and thus also prevents the interior of the building from cooling down when the pressure within the supporting structure is reduced.
• the method further comprises step S06, the distribution of a cooled fluid within the supporting structure, wherein step S06 is performed before and/or after step S03.
• a cooled fluid particularly cooled air
• a cooled fluid is distributed within the supporting structure before and/or after changing, in particular increasing, the internal pressure of the supporting structure, preferably by means of a blower. This reduces the thermal energy of the fluid within the supporting structure.
• this prevents the supporting structure from heating up and thus also prevents the interior of the building from heating up when the pressure within the supporting structure is increased.
• Fig. 1A shows an embodiment, a longitudinal section of a load-bearing element 2, wherein the load-bearing element 2 has a rectangular, in particular square, base.
• the load-bearing element 2 has a lateral surface 5, which is subdivided into four side surfaces. In this embodiment, each side surface corresponds to a surface section 5.1.
• the load-bearing element 2 is designed as a hollow body 3, which encloses a volume 3.1 inside. Hollow body 3 filled with a fluid 4, wherein the fluid 4 in this embodiment is air, in particular ambient air.
• the Fig. 2 shows a cross-section of a load-bearing element 2 of a load-bearing structure 1 according to the invention.
• the supporting element 2 has a rectangular, in particular square, base.
• the supporting element 2 is designed as a hollow body 3 which encloses a volume 3.1 inside.
• the Fig. 3 Figure 1 shows, in an exemplary embodiment, a portion of the structure of a support structure 1 according to the invention in an interior space 6 of a building 11, comprising a wall 7.
• the illustrated portion of the support structure 1 has three load-bearing elements 2, 2.1, 2.2, which are connected to one another by a welded joint. A fluidic connection exists between the load-bearing elements 2, 2.1, 2.2, thus enabling fluid exchange between them.
• the support structure 1 further comprises a pressure-generating device 9, which in this example is configured as a compressor.
• the compressor is designed to increase the internal pressure of the support structure 1, preferably to 1 bar to 150 bar, more preferably to 2 bar to 90 bar, and particularly preferably to 10 bar to 50 bar.
• the support structure 1 according to the invention comprises two pressure regulating devices 8.
• One pressure regulating device 8 is preferably designed as a pressure valve.
• the pressure valve automatically reduces the pressure within the support structure 1 according to the invention when an internal pressure of at most 150 bar, preferably at most 90 bar, and particularly preferably at most 50 bar, is reached.
• the device according to the invention also comprises a further pressure regulating device 8, which is preferably designed as a pressure reducer, wherein the pressure reducer is configured to reduce the pressure generated by the pressure generating device 9, in particular the compressor.
• Fig. 4 shows in an exemplary embodiment analogous to Fig. 3 A structure of a support structure 1 according to the invention, wherein the pressure generating device 9 is designed as a blower, in particular a hot air blower, and is designed to increase the internal pressure of the support structure 1 to preferably 1 bar to 10 bar, more preferably 1 bar to 5 bar, and particularly preferably 1 bar to 2 bar.
• the support structure 1 also includes a circulation element 10, which is configured to ensure redistribution, in particular circulation, of the fluid inside the supporting element 2, 2.1, 2.2.
• a circulation element 10 which is configured to ensure redistribution, in particular circulation, of the fluid inside the supporting element 2, 2.1, 2.2.
• such a configuration allows for good circulation of thermal energy within the support structure 1.
• Fig. 5 shows in an exemplary embodiment analogous to Fig. 4 A structure of a support structure 1 according to the invention, wherein the pressure generating device 9 is designed as a blower, in particular a hot air blower, and is designed to increase the internal pressure of the support structure 1 preferably to 1 bar to 10 bar, more preferably to 1 bar to 5 bar, and particularly preferably to 1 bar to 2 bar.
• This embodiment also includes further support elements 2.3 which form an angle with a side surface of the interior, in particular the floor.
• the support elements 2.3 are arranged, in particular, along the diagonal of a wall.
• the support elements 2.3 are designed as square tubes with a rectangular base and have a second side length b that differs from the first side length a, in particular being smaller than it.
• FIG. 6 Figure 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a skeletal support structure in a possible arrangement of a support structure according to the invention, wherein the components necessary for pressure generation and regulation are not shown here.
• the supporting structure 1 is formed here from a plurality of supporting elements, in particular from 28 supporting elements 2, 2.1, 2.2. Each supporting element 2, 2.1, 2.2 has a surface 5 having at least one surface section 5.1 or further surface sections 5.2, 5.3. Such a supporting structure 1 is particularly suitable as a supporting structure for a single-family house.

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• 2025
  • 2025-07-09 EP EP25188431.8A patent/EP4678836A1/fr active Pending

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