EP4683776A1 - Panneau de fibres de bois et procédé de production d'un panneau de fibres de bois - Google Patents

Panneau de fibres de bois et procédé de production d'un panneau de fibres de bois

Info

Publication number
EP4683776A1
EP4683776A1 EP24711236.0A EP24711236A EP4683776A1 EP 4683776 A1 EP4683776 A1 EP 4683776A1 EP 24711236 A EP24711236 A EP 24711236A EP 4683776 A1 EP4683776 A1 EP 4683776A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coffee grounds
wood
wood fiber
coffee
urea
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP24711236.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Claudia Maria HEINZL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STURC Sustainability Traceability Upcycling Resource Efficiency Coffee Ground Og
Original Assignee
STURC Sustainability Traceability Upcycling Resource Efficiency Coffee Ground Og
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by STURC Sustainability Traceability Upcycling Resource Efficiency Coffee Ground Og filed Critical STURC Sustainability Traceability Upcycling Resource Efficiency Coffee Ground Og
Publication of EP4683776A1 publication Critical patent/EP4683776A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/002—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres characterised by the type of binder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/007—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and at least partly composed of recycled material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/02—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/04—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B27N1/0218—Mixing the material with binding agent in rotating drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
    • B27N3/14—Distributing or orienting the particles or fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wood fiber board with coffee grounds and a method for producing the same.
  • the resource "wood” has become valuable worldwide and especially in Europe due to climate change, as many trees are under massive threat due to heat and drought. Pests are also spreading extremely quickly, so that forests have to be cleared, but subsequent reforestation takes decades. Wood should also be used as sparingly as possible with regard to the CO 2 balance.
  • the task of the present invention is to provide a wood fiber board that requires less of the natural resource wood and yet has satisfactory product properties, some of which even comply with relevant standards, and can be manufactured in conventional production facilities.
  • This object is achieved with a wood fiber board with the features of claim 1.
  • This object is further achieved with a method with the features of claim 16 and claim 19.
  • the invention further relates to the use of a wood fiber board produced according to claim 19 for the construction and furniture industry.
  • Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.
  • the invention essentially consists in the wood fiber board having coffee grounds as a solid component in addition to wood fibers. Tests (see below) have shown that a proportion of coffee grounds of up to 80% by weight produces acceptable strength values.
  • the solids content of the board according to the invention can accordingly have up to 80 wt.% and accordingly 20 wt.% or more of wood fibers.
  • a proportion of coffee grounds between 20 wt.% and 45 wt.% is preferred in the invention, because in this case strength values are achieved that correspond to the standards of a pure wood fiber board.
  • coffee grounds are preferably used that are a waste product or residue from coffee preparation or coffee production.
  • the coffee grounds that accrue during the production of instant coffee, also called soluble coffee are usually burned.
  • This coffee ground hereinafter referred to as "INSTANT" or "INSTA”, can also be recycled, as proposed in the application.
  • the coffee grounds that arise when coffee is prepared using a portafilter collect in the portafilter of the espresso machine or coffee machine after the coffee has been prepared and are usually disposed of. However, this coffee grounds can also be recycled, as proposed in the application. Coffee grounds that accrue during the production of instant coffee usually have an average particle size of 125 ⁇ m to 2000 ⁇ m. Coffee grounds that accrue during the production of coffee beverages using a portafilter have an average particle size of 125 ⁇ m to 2000 ⁇ m. Both types of coffee grounds can be used equally well in the invention and have the advantage that they are available worldwide in very large quantities and have essentially equally good product properties for the present invention.
  • urea-formaldehyde resin as a binding agent should of course be carried out in the smallest possible quantities, whereby according to the invention, the amount of urea-formaldehyde resin is at least 8% by weight, preferably in a range from 10% by weight to 12% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the sum of wood fibers and coffee grounds. This means that, for example, with a proportion of 80% by weight of coffee grounds and 20% by weight of wood fibers, these proportions together make up 100% of the solids content.
  • the density of the wood fiber board according to the invention is in the range from 500 kg/m3 to 1,000 kg/m3, preferably in the range from 550 kg/m3 to 950 kg/m3. Boards with a density in these ranges are boards used in many areas of application, in which the board according to the invention can also achieve the good technical properties explained in detail below.
  • Fig. 1 is an example process sketch
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram with the bulk density of all fiberboards produced and examined
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram with the bending strength of all fiberboards produced and examined
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram with the modulus of elasticity of all fiberboards produced and examined
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram with the transverse tensile strength of all fiberboards produced and examined
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram with the increase in length, thickness and mass after 24 hours of water storage of all fiberboards produced and examined
  • Fig. 7 is a possible process scheme for implementation on an industrial scale.
  • the invention is explained in more detail below using an example and non-limiting scope of protection for producing a wood fiberboard according to the invention. Whenever percentages are given below, they are always % by weight.
  • the wood fiberboards developed within the scope of the present invention were produced using different types of coffee grounds.
  • the coffee grounds were, among other things, waste products or residual materials that accrue during the production of coffee drinks using a portafilter. This type of coffee grounds is abbreviated to ST below.
  • Another waste product used in the invention in the form of coffee grounds accrues during the production of instant powder for soluble coffee. This type of coffee grounds is abbreviated to INSTA below.
  • the average particle size is usually between 125 ⁇ m and 2000 ⁇ m.
  • the proportions of portafilter coffee and instant coffee used for both coffee variants ranged from 20% to 30% in 5% increments. up to 45% and additionally at 55%, 65% and 75% for the portafilter variant.
  • a common urea-formaldehyde resin with different binding agent proportions (10% and 12%) was used.
  • a urea-formaldehyde resin (UF) was deliberately chosen because it is very reactive and therefore binds well and quickly. Furthermore, the resin can be worked onto the wood fibers in conventional systems without the need for additional technical equipment.
  • the wood fibers used were MDF quality, as is also standard in industry.
  • the fibers were preferably softwood fibers, for example spruce fibers or a mixture of spruce and pine.
  • recycled fibers from wood fiber materials.
  • the recycled fibers can also be combined with fresh wood fibers to achieve the desired mechanical properties.
  • the wood fiber boards with coffee grounds according to the invention were produced with a target density of 550 kg/m3 and 650 kg/m3 and with a coffee grounds content of between 20% and 45% (in 5% increments).
  • the binder contents were 10% and 12% respectively.
  • FIG. 1 shows a wood fiber board 1 with coffee grounds, the wood fibers 2, the coffee grounds 3, measuring devices 4 for measuring the moisture content using the drying method, measuring devices 5 for weighing the glued wood fiber-coffee grounds mixture, storage container 6 for the dried wood fibers, storage container 7 for the dried coffee grounds, storage container 8 for the resin-hardener mixture (binder), a gluing drum 9, a pneumatic glue gun 10, a storage container 11 for the glued wood fiber-coffee grounds mixture, a board cake frame 12, a hydraulic cold press 13, a press plate 14 and a hydraulic hot press 15.
  • the parameters described in the manufacturing process were independent of the desired density and identical for ultra-light MDF, light MDF and MDF boards with higher density.
  • the manufacturing of the boards differed essentially only in the total mass of the board, which was weighed per defined volume.
  • both the wood fibers and the coffee grounds types portafilter coffee grounds and The moisture content of instant coffee grounds was determined using the drying method.
  • a few grams of samples were taken from each material, weighed and then the samples were stored at a drying temperature of 103 °C until the weight remained constant. Constant weight means that the materials are dried until the weight of the sample taken remains constant.
  • the moisture content was then determined based on the difference between the moist and the dry sample. All ratios in the board composition were related to the drying mass or the dry solids content.
  • the desired ratios between wood fibers and coffee grounds as well as the respective resin content were calculated and then related to the actual, moist mass (determined moisture content). Since material can be "lost" during the manufacturing process on a laboratory scale due to the gluing process, a 10% safety margin (additional weight) was used for the gluing for all components.
  • the mixing of wood fibers and coffee grounds, as well as their gluing, took place in a gluing drum with a diameter of 100 cm, a depth of 45 cm and a rotation speed of 80 rpm. For this purpose, the two solids were tipped into the drum unmixed. The gluing process began immediately after the set rotation speed was reached.
  • the weighed glued fiber/coffee grounds material was scattered by hand as homogeneously as possible into a 250 x 250 mm plate cake frame and pre-compacted in the frame from a fiber cake height of several centimeters to a fiber cake height of approx. 5 cm using a hydraulic cold press.
  • This pre-compaction step in the frame by cold pressing i.e. using pressure but without increasing the temperature, is important because if pre-compaction is insufficient during hot pressing, the fiber cake expands within the plate plane, meaning that the target density cannot be achieved.
  • the frame was removed and 9 mm steel spacers were positioned next to the fiber cake on the press plate, after which hot pressing was carried out.
  • the hot pressing was carried out at a pressing surface temperature of 200 °C with a pressing factor of 10 sec/mm (90 seconds pressing time), whereby the press had to be closed up to the spacer bars with a maximum pressure of 3 MPa.
  • the panels were placed vertically to allow them to cool evenly and stored for at least 7 days in a standard climate at 20 °C and 65% relative humidity before further testing. All panel variants produced and tested are listed in Table 1 below.
  • Table 1 Overview of fiberboards produced on a laboratory scale Coffee grounds Wood fiber Binder proportion Coffee grounds type Bulk density proportion Description 0 % 100 % x 550 kg/m3 10 % REFLAB-550-UF10 20 % 80 % Portafilter 550 kg/m3 10 % ST20-550-UF10 25 % 75 % Portafilter 550 kg/m3 10 % ST25-550-UF10 30 % 70 % Portafilter 550 kg/m3 10 % ST30-550-UF10 35 % 65 % Portafilter 550 kg/m3 10 % ST35-550-UF10 40 % 60 % Portafilter 550 kg/m3 10 % ST40-550-UF10 45 % 55 % Portafilter 550 kg/m3 10 % ST45-550-UF10 0 % 100 % x 650 kg/m3 10 % REFLAB-650-UF10 20 % 80 % Portafilter 650 kg/m3 10 % ST20-650-UF
  • the bulk densities of the individual samples were determined.
  • Bulk density The bulk density was determined after conditioning in a standard climate (20 °C and 65% relative humidity) on three 50 x 50 mm samples per board.
  • the diagram in Fig. 2 shows the bulk density of all fiberboards examined. As can be seen from Fig. 2, all desired bulk density ranges were easily achieved. Very small density fluctuations can be seen in all three density groups, which indicates a homogeneous scattering and distribution of the fibers and particles. Thus, no significant connection can be determined between density and the proportion of coffee grounds or binder. This means that the bulk density of the board does not change significantly, even if the proportion of coffee grounds or binder is varied.
  • This effect is due, among other things, to the fact that in the first process step the moisture content is determined using the drying method for both the wood fibers and the coffee grounds types (portafilter coffee grounds and instant coffee), and that the desired ratios between wood fibers and coffee grounds as well as the respective glue content are calculated on the basis of the drying mass and then related to the actual moist mass (determined moisture content).
  • the homogeneous production of the fiber cake and its pre-compaction also have an influence on the bulk density.
  • Bending strength and bending elastic modulus The bending strength and the bending elastic modulus provide information about the influence of the wood fiber content used, since fibers generally have a positive effect on the bending properties of materials due to their geometry.
  • Fig. 3 shows a diagram with the bending strength according to EN 310 of all fiberboards produced. As can be seen from Fig.
  • the influence of the bulk density is evident in the bending strength, and the coffee grounds content in the boards also becomes apparent in the strength values above a certain amount.
  • the boards in the 550 kg/m3 group show a lower strength compared to the 650 kg/m3 or 950 kg/m3 group. No statistically significant differences can be found between the boards with coffee content and the reference boards without coffee (each with the designation REFLAB and further information). In the case of the boards with 650 kg/m3 and 10% binder content, differences can be seen between individual variants, but not between the two pure MDF reference fiberboards, which is why a comparison between the portafilter boards with 55% or more portafilter coffee grounds content and those with 45% or less portafilter coffee grounds content is permissible.
  • a proportion of coffee grounds of up to 80% can therefore also be considered, taking into account the object of the invention to reduce the use of wood to produce wood fiber boards and to enable effective further use of coffee grounds.
  • the boards differ noticeably from the reference boards from as little as 20% coffee grounds.
  • higher bending strength values can be achieved here than with the boards with a lower bulk density, and boards with a bulk density of 950 kg/m3 are therefore also preferred within the scope of the invention. It has been shown that the binder content has no significant influence on the flexural strength in the variants examined (10% and 12%). Fig.
  • FIG. 4 shows a diagram with the elastic modulus according to EN 310 of all fiberboards produced.
  • Fig. 4 shows a diagram with the elastic modulus according to EN 310 of all fiberboards produced.
  • Fig. 4 shows a similar picture to that for the flexural strength.
  • a clear difference can be seen between the two bulk density groups, although tendencies between the coffee contents can only be seen in the 650 kg/m3 boards.
  • both coffee variants show a tendency, but not a statistically significant decrease in the elastic modulus with increasing coffee grounds content.
  • the conditions for the boards with a bulk density of 950 kg/m3 are almost identical to those for the flexural strength.
  • the only notable exception here are the values for instant coffee, which have lower values than the reference laboratory board for a coffee grounds content of 35% and above.
  • the modulus of elasticity does not change significantly at a bulk density of 550 kg/m3 or 650 kg/m3 and a binder content of 10% or 12% by adding up to 45% coffee grounds and the values obtained are surprisingly good.
  • Fig. 5 shows a diagram with the transverse tensile strength according to EN 319 of all the fiberboards produced. Fig. 5 shows the absolute values of the measured transverse tensile strength, whereby differences between the two bulk density ranges can also be seen here and the higher bulk density has the highest transverse tensile strength.
  • portafilter coffee there is a very high scatter of values for portafilter coffee, although it should be noted that no statistical difference can be determined between the two reference plate variants with 650 kg/m3 and 10% binder. Even if individual plate variants show statistically significant differences to their plates with a similar coffee ratio, there is no significant difference overall to the reference plates.
  • the portafilter plates with 10% binding agent are mentioned here, where the plate with 45% coffee differs from the variant with 35%, but not from the variants with 40%, 30% or 20% coffee. The situation is similar with the portafilter plates with 12% binding agent.
  • the scatter of the portafilter plates decreases with increasing coffee grounds content and that the plates with 55%, 65% and 75% portafilter content differ from the values with 40% and 45% coffee content, but not from the plates with 35% and 25%, and therefore not from the whole group.
  • the instant coffee plates a tendency towards a decrease in strength can be seen with increasing coffee content, but here too, due to the scatter, one cannot speak of a statistically significant difference between the plates. Based on the results obtained, no difference can be seen between 10% and 12% binding agent content in the portafilter plates. Since all plates were manufactured using the same means, the variation of the portafilter plates at 650 kg/m3 bulk density can probably be attributed to the portafilter material.
  • the material to be glued also changes.
  • the total volume of coffee grounds and wood fibers varies greatly between the individual board types.
  • a board with, for example, 20% coffee content has a much higher volume when glued than a mixture with 45% coffee grounds or more.
  • This can significantly influence the distribution of the glue on the fibers and coffee grounds, which is why it cannot be ruled out that a better or more homogeneous gluing could be achieved with higher coffee grounds content in the gluing process used.
  • wood fiber boards with a coffee grounds content of up to 80%, particularly 20% to 45% have surprisingly good values for both flexural strength and flexural elastic modulus, as well as transverse tensile strength, when bonded with a urea-formaldehyde resin, and this in a density range of 550 kg/m3 to 950 kg/m3. This applies to both instant coffee grounds and portafilter coffee grounds. Thickness swelling after 24 hours of water storage For water storage, three samples per board were placed in a water bath (water temperature approx. 20 °C) and fixed under the water surface using a metal sieve. The lengths, thicknesses and increase in mass were determined on 50 x 50 mm samples after 24 hours of water storage.
  • Fig. 6 shows a representation of the increase in length, thickness and mass after 24 hours of water storage according to EN 317.
  • a difference between the two density ranges is again shown. The most obvious difference is in the mass increase, with the panels with the lower binder content tend to increase in mass more and with higher coffee contents, sometimes significantly higher mass increases can be seen in comparison to the reference.
  • the 550 kg/m3 plates also show a significantly higher increase in thickness swelling than the 650 kg/m3 plates. The lowest values were found for the plates with instant coffee and a bulk density of 950 kg/m3, although statistically significantly higher increases can be seen here with increasing coffee grounds content.
  • the plates with 35% and 45% coffee grounds content show statistically significantly higher values for mass increase and with 45% coffee grounds content for thickness increase than the reference plates without coffee grounds.
  • For the portafilter plates with a bulk density of 650 kg/m3 and a binder content of 10% statistically significant differences to the reference plates can only be seen in the mass increase of the plate variant at 75%. All other variants do not differ significantly from one another in terms of either mass increase or thickness swelling, although a trend with increasing values as the coffee grounds content increases can be seen for the boards with coffee grounds content of >45%. Even for the boards with instant coffee and a density of 650 kg/m3, no statistically significant differences between the different coffee grounds content can be determined.
  • Table 2 Requirements for general purpose boards for use in dry conditions according to EN 622-5
  • Table 3 Mean values (MW) including standard deviation (STDEV) of all board variants examined MW STABW MW STABW MW STABW transverse tensile strength MW bending STABW bending MW STABW thickness to thickness to line labels density density strength E-modulus E-modulus bending strength bending strength [kg/m3] [kg/m3] [MPa] [MPa] [GPa] [GPa] strength [MPa] strength [MPa] [%] [%] RELAB-550-UF10 519.08 58.00 0.03 0.03 0.60 0.31 4.65 2.65 84% 64% ST20-550-UF10 554.28 30.26 0.05 0.02 0.64 0.12 4.79 0.86 33% 5% ST25-550-UF10 547.44 23.14 0.07 0.02 0.60 0.18 4.53 1.50 28% 3% ST30-550-UF10 545.30 40.15 0.08 0.02 0.59 0.14 4.71 1.32 37% 5% ST 35-550-UF10 506.46
  • - Pre-compaction The homogeneous distribution of coffee grounds and wood fibers is significantly influenced after the resin application when a type of blank board is produced that has been pre-compacted by cold pressing.
  • Target density The target density of the boards is achieved by a pressing diagram with the parameters pressure and temperature. Taking these material or process parameters into account, it is part of the routine work of a specialist in the field of wood fiber board production to carry out up-scaling for industrial scale.
  • the resource-saving wood fiber board with coffee grounds according to the invention can also be produced sustainably and successfully on an industrial scale. This means that not only large-scale parameters but also requirements for environmental compatibility and climate neutrality are met.
  • the resource-saving wood fiber board according to the invention can be provided in MDF and HDF quality, so that areas of application include the construction and furniture industry (including the provision of coffins) and the automotive industry.
  • Fig. 7 A possible process for producing the resource-saving wood fiber board according to the invention on an industrial scale is described below using Fig. 7 as an example.
  • wood fibers are produced from wood chips.
  • the starting material for the wood chips is, for example, round wood 16 from the sawmill industry.
  • the choice of wood type in terms of availability and quality can vary regionally.
  • the most commonly used wood types are spruce, pine and beech.
  • the round wood 16 is first mechanically debarked. To do this, the round wood 16 is pressed against rotating blades 17 to remove the bark.
  • the debarked round wood 18 is then chopped into a standard size using saws 19.
  • the debarked and chopped round wood 20 is chopped by a disk chipper 21 into wood chips 22 that are approx. 25-30 mm long, approx. 20-25 mm wide and approx. 4-6 mm thick.
  • the oversize pieces that accrued in this step are then sieved out for further shredding.
  • the wood chips are washed in a device 23.
  • the wood chips are also softened in order to wash out the resins they contain or to thaw frozen water residues.
  • the softened wood chips are conveyed to the pre-steam tank 25 via a dewatering screw 24 and heated to approx. 100°C by supplying steam for 3-6 minutes.
  • thermo-mechanical pulping refiner which is a defibrator 28, which consists of a stationary disk 30 and an axially adjustable, rotating disk 29 (both with a diameter of approx. 600 mm), with a rotation speed of approx. 1500 rpm.
  • the centrifugal force pushes the wood chips and the coffee grounds outwards from the center of the disks and the wood chips are gradually into fiber bundles and individual fibers (fiber length between 1.0 mm and 5.0 mm, fiber diameter between 10 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m), whereby the coffee grounds adhere to the fibers at the same time.
  • the resulting wood fiber-coffee grounds mixture 31' is transported further via an air flow line 32 with a diameter of approx. 120 mm and fed to a blow line 33. There, the wood fiber-coffee grounds mixture 31' is accelerated by the steam expansion, so that uniform gluing is possible due to the resulting turbulence.
  • a solution of urea-formaldehyde resin (UF glue) 35 is introduced into the blow line 33 via water-cooled gluing nozzles 34 with an average droplet size of 25-80 ⁇ m, a droplet speed of approx. 10-35 m/s, a volume flow density of approx. 0.1-0.4 cm 3 /cm 2 /s and a throughput of approx. 3 t/h.
  • the glued wood fiber coffee grounds mixture 36 is then fed to a flow tube dryer 37.
  • the flow tube dryer 37 consists of a pipe that dries the wet material to the desired residual moisture within a few seconds. Drying takes place indirectly using a steam heat exchanger.
  • a forming strand 38 with a length of approx. 10 - 15 m follows.
  • the glued fiber coffee grounds cake 39 is evenly sprinkled onto this. This is followed by continuous pre-pressing 40 of the coffee grounds fiber cake 39 and subsequent trimming, followed by cutting to length 42 to the production size of approx. 750 x 260 cm.
  • the main pressing takes place in a multi-level press 41 with a pressing pressure of approx. 7 MPa, a pressing temperature of approx. 170°C and a pressing time of approx. 6 minutes.
  • the board 1 has a material thickness of approx. 19 mm and is cut to the target dimensions of 366 x 244 cm at 43.
  • the boards are then stored for 7 days in a standard climate.
  • Table 4 summarizes the plates produced according to the process scheme shown in Figure 7.
  • Table 4 Overview of wood fibre boards with coffee grounds produced on an industrial scale Coffee grounds Wood fibre Coffee grounds Rough density Boards Binder content Content type Strength Content Description 45 % 55 % Portafilter 1105 8.02 14 % UF fibre - kg/m3 mm GC8920_45_5 PORTAFILTER 45 % 55 % Portafilter 1089 8.10 14 % UF fibre - kg/m3 mm GC8920_45_6 PORTAFILTER 45 % 55 % Portafilter 1156 7.62 12 % UF fibre - kg/m3 mm GC8920_45_7 PORTAFILTER 45 % 55 % Portafilter 1063 8.09 10 % UF fibre - kg/m3 mm GC8920_45_8 PORTAFILTER 45 % 55 % Instant 983 7.89
  • Type MDF Nominal thickness ranges [mm] Property Test method Unit 1.8 >2.5 >4 >6 >9 >12 >19 >30 up to up to up to up to up to up to >45 2.5 4 6 9 12 19 30 45 Thickness swelling 2 4 h EN 317 % 45 35 30 17 15 12 10 8 6 Transverse tensile strength EN 319 N/mm2 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.55 0.50 0.50 Bending strength EN 310 N/mm2 23 23 23 23 22 20 18 17 15 Bending elasticity EN 310 N/mm2 - - 2700 2700 2500 2200 2100 1900 Module Type Light MDF Nominal thickness ranges [mm] Property Test method Unit > 6 >9 >12 >19 >30 up to up to up to >45 9 12 19 30 45 Thickness swelling 2 4 h EN 317 % 20 16 14 12 11 11 11 Tensile strength EN 319 N
  • Table 6a Measurement results of industrial-scale manufactured wood fiber boards with coffee grounds with a nominal thickness between 6 mm and 9 mm Requirements Fiber Fiber Fiber Fiber Fiber Parameters acc.
  • Table 6b Measurement results of an industrially produced wood fiber board with coffee grounds with a nominal thickness between 12 mm and 19 mm Fiber requirements GC19720_45_6 acc. to EN 622-5 INSTANT Type of wood fibers Pinewood Binder content 12% UF Pressing time 5 min 45 s Pressing temperature 165°C Moisture content 6.97% before pressing Elastic modulus >2200 2387 (N/mm) N/mm Bending strength >20 26 (N/mm) N/mm Thickness ⁇ 0.2 18.87 (mm) mm Density >760 787 (kg/m) kg/m Transverse tensile strength >0.55 0.52 (N/mm) N/mm Thickness swelling ⁇ 12 8.12 (%) % Moisture content 4 – 11 6.95 (%) % The measurement results shown in Tables 6a and 6b show that the wood fiber boards with coffee grounds produced on an industrial scale also meet the requirements of the applicable standard EN 622-5.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un panneau de fibres de bois qui permet d'économiser des ressources, ledit panneau de fibres de bois comprenant du marc de café, les fibres de bois et le marc de café étant collés à l'aide d'une résine d'urée-formaldéhyde. Des déchets qui sont accumulés pendant la production de café à l'aide de porte-filtres ou pendant la production de café instantané sont utilisés comme marc de café. Une teneur en matières solides de marc de café entre 20% et 45% est utilisée, et les propriétés techniques du panneau selon l'invention se situent dans la plage de normes MDF pour une production industrielle.
EP24711236.0A 2023-03-21 2024-03-18 Panneau de fibres de bois et procédé de production d'un panneau de fibres de bois Pending EP4683776A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50209/2023A AT526772B1 (de) 2023-03-21 2023-03-21 Holzfaserplatte und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Holzfaserplatte
PCT/EP2024/057160 WO2024194259A1 (fr) 2023-03-21 2024-03-18 Panneau de fibres de bois et procédé de production d'un panneau de fibres de bois

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EP4683776A1 true EP4683776A1 (fr) 2026-01-28

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EP (1) EP4683776A1 (fr)
AT (1) AT526772B1 (fr)
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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KR20150028029A (ko) * 2013-09-05 2015-03-13 주식회사 이라소재 커피부산물의 탄화에 따른 포름알데히드 흡착능 비교 및 이를 이용한 중밀도섬유판의 제조
CN110520464B (zh) * 2016-10-28 2022-11-29 康宝有限公司 生物复合材料、生物塑料材料以及制造生物塑料材料的方法
WO2022073078A1 (fr) * 2020-10-08 2022-04-14 Newsouth Innovations Pty Limited Produits composites comprenant du marc de café et fabrication associée

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AT526772B1 (de) 2024-07-15
AT526772A4 (de) 2024-07-15
DE212024000101U1 (de) 2025-09-01

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