EP4688689A1 - Compositions de betons a base de coquilliers et de liant hydraulique et procede de fabrication d'elements d'ameublement et de construction a partir de ces compositions - Google Patents
Compositions de betons a base de coquilliers et de liant hydraulique et procede de fabrication d'elements d'ameublement et de construction a partir de ces compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4688689A1 EP4688689A1 EP24714953.7A EP24714953A EP4688689A1 EP 4688689 A1 EP4688689 A1 EP 4688689A1 EP 24714953 A EP24714953 A EP 24714953A EP 4688689 A1 EP4688689 A1 EP 4688689A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shells
- concrete
- water
- cement
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/26—Carbonates
- C04B14/28—Carbonates of calcium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
- C04B28/065—Calcium aluminosulfate cements, e.g. cements hydrating into ettringite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00068—Mortar or concrete mixtures with an unusual water/cement ratio
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00275—Materials impermeable to vapours or gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00293—Materials impermeable to liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
- C04B2201/52—High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete [RPC]
Definitions
- the field of the invention is that of concrete compositions based on shell products and hydraulic binders which are also mechanically resistant and impermeable to water and gases and of the manufacture of furnishing and construction elements from these concretes.
- Concrete is commonly used in the construction of buildings, including walls, foundations, roofs and floors of buildings, or bridges and roads, etc. It has the advantage of being able to be easily poured into predetermined areas or molds, and of supporting heavy loads such as vehicles and the weight of the structures themselves.
- Table 1 which is a comparative table of the characteristics of shells and corals determined by experimental tests
- Table 1 shows that the volume density of shell products is higher by more than 25% to that of corals (e.g. for coral 1, table 1), or even more than double that of some corals (e.g. coral 2, table 1).
- the water absorption rate it is, on average, for corals, three times the percentage of water absorption of shellfish products.
- the subject of the present invention is a concrete composition
- a concrete composition comprising a hydraulic binder, aggregates G, water E and at least functional additives, said hydraulic binder comprising a cement C and mineral fillers (or mineral additions), and optionally a colorant and/or a pigment, and said functional additives comprising a superplasticizing agent S, an anti-air entrainment agent (or anti-foaming agent) and a water-repellent agent, said concrete composition being characterized in that the total water/cement mass ratio W/C is between 0.15 and 0.6, and in that said aggregates comprise shells and microfibers, said shells originating from crushed shell products, the quantity of which in said concrete composition is given by an aggregate/cement mass ratio G/C of between 0.1 and 2.5, and preferably between 0.5 and 2.5, even better between 0.75 and 1.5, said shells being distributed as follows:
- Gl first category of shells having a size between 3 mm and 6 mm and the quantity of which in said concrete composition is given by an aggregate/cement mass ratio Gl/C of between 0.05 and 2.45, and preferably between 0.1 and 2.25,
- G2 a second category (G2) of shells having a size less than 3 mm and the quantity of which in said concrete composition is given by an aggregate/cement mass ratio G2/C of between 0.05 and 2.5, and preferably between 0.1 and 2.5.
- Such a concrete composition makes it possible to manufacture hardened concrete objects with both high mechanical strength properties and impermeability to water and gases.
- such hardened concrete objects may be considered as high-performance concrete objects (usually designated by the acronym BHP and having a compressive strength at 28 days of between 45 and 60 MPa) or very high-performance concrete objects (usually designated by the acronym BTHP and having a compressive strength at 28 days inclusive of greater than 65 MPa).
- Such concrete construction objects obtained from a concrete composition according to the invention also have a flexural strength at 28 days of between 8 MPa and 15 MPa.
- Such concrete construction objects obtained from a concrete composition according to the invention have a density (in particular between 2000 and 2300 kg/m 3 ), which is lower than that of BHP objects known from the prior art (typically of the order of 2400 kg/m 3 and beyond).
- the shells used have an aragonite and lamellar crystalline form, and are also very low in porosity compared to the corals used in the prior art solutions.
- the shell mother-of-pearl the nanostructure of which is shown in Figure 3, offers increased resistance to concrete, particularly in terms of flexural strength. It has thus been discovered that such characteristics promote the improvement of the mechanical performance of concretes, thus making it possible to obtain high-performance concretes based on natural marine waste.
- the aggregates of the concrete composition according to the invention comprise shells from crushed shell products and microfibers.
- shells from crushed shell products used as aggregates in the concrete composition according to the invention mention may in particular be made, in a non-limiting manner, of mussel shells, oyster shells, scallop shells, abalone shells, periwinkle shells, whelk shells, clam shells, cockle shells, slipper limpets, and mixtures thereof, and more generally among all shells of marine or terrestrial animals.
- the aggregates comprise microfibers which can be chosen from natural cellulose fibers, synthetic fibers, metal fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, and mixtures thereof.
- natural fibers which can be used in the context of the present invention, mention may be made, for example, of the natural microfibers marketed by the company CHRYSO under the brands CHRYSO®Fibre UF 500.
- the quantity of microfibers MF in the concrete composition may preferably be defined by a microfiber/hydraulic binder MF/C mass ratio of between 0 and 0.005, preferably between 0 and 0.003, even more preferably between 0 and 0.00035.
- Such small-sized fibres (with a diameter between 6 and 20 microns and a length between 300 microns and 15 mm, preferably between 300 microns and 6 mm) make it possible to improve the mechanical performance of concrete.
- the hydraulic binder of the concrete composition according to the invention comprises a cement (C) and mineral fillers.
- cements C which can be used in the context of the present invention, mention may be made of Portland cements (CEM I, II, III, IV, V, VI) as defined according to standard NF EN 197-1 of February 2001, aluminous cements, sulfo-aluminous cements, clay cements, cements based on calcined clays (for example LC3 cements) or even geopolymers.
- a Portland cement may be used, and better still a Portland CEM II cement, such as that marketed by the company LAFARGE under the trade name Ciment Super Blanc CEM II/A-LL 42.5 N CE PM.
- the total water/cement W/C mass ratio is between 0.15 and 0.6, and advantageously between 0.20 and 0.40, and better between 0.25 and 0.3.
- mineral fillers or additions CM which can be used in the context of the present invention, mention may be made of limestone fillers, fly ash, slag, silica fume, metakaolins, calcium carbonate as an industrial by-product, and their mixtures.
- the quantity of mineral fillers CM in the concrete composition may preferably be defined by a mass ratio of dry mineral fillers/hydraulic binder CM/C of between 0 and 0.3, preferably between 0.05 and 0.25, better still between 0.075 and 0.15.
- the hydraulic binder of the concrete composition according to the invention may comprise, in addition to the cement C and the mineral fillers, a dye Co, the amount of which in the concrete composition may preferably be defined by a dye/cement Co/C mass ratio of between 0 and 0.3, preferably between 0.05 and 0.25, better still between 0.075 and 0.15.
- a dye/cement Co/C mass ratio of between 0 and 0.3, preferably between 0.05 and 0.25, better still between 0.075 and 0.15.
- dyes which may be used in the context of the present invention mention may in particular be made of the commercial dye VERT 2441 and the commercial dye NOIR- 1932880 (or Indian Black), or the pigment Terre de Sienne® and blue pigments.
- the functional admixtures of the concrete composition according to the invention comprise a superplasticizing agent S, an anti-air entrainment agent (or anti-foaming agent) AM and a water-repellent agent AH.
- the term superplasticizing agent means a water-reducing agent.
- superplasticizing agents that can be used in the context of the present invention, mention may in particular be made of polycarboxylic compounds such as polycarboxylates, and in particular compounds combining a polycarbonate and a modified phosphonate, such as for example the compound marketed by the company CHRYSO under the brand name CHRYSO®FLUID Optima 185.
- the quantity of superplasticizing agent (S) in the concrete composition may preferably be defined by a dry superplasticizing agent/hydraulic binder S/C mass ratio of between 0 and 0.015, preferably between 0.001 and 0.0125, better still between 0.005 and 0.01.
- Such superplasticizers have the advantage of promoting the reduction of the air content of the concrete (including the formation of bubbles), the reduction of the Water/Cement ratio, as well as increasing the fluidity of the concrete.
- water-repellent agents that can be used in the context of the present invention, mention may be made, for example, of the product marketed by the company CHRYSO under the brand name CHRYSO®Fuge B4.
- the hydro gives concretes high resistance to rising water by capillary absorption and reduces, or even eliminates, water penetration under pressure.
- the fine hydrophobic particles that constitute it combine with the lime in the cement to form micelles that obstruct the capillaries of the medium and prevent water penetration.
- the amount of water-repellent agent in the concrete composition may preferably be defined by a dry water-repellent agent/hydraulic binder WA/C mass ratio of between 0 and 0.02, preferably between 0.00021 and 0.01, better still between 0.001 and 0.0032.
- anti-air entrainment agents (or anti-foaming agents) AM that can be used in the context of the present invention, mention may be made, for example, of the product marketed by the company Sika under the brand name SikaControl®-800 Param ent.
- the amount of anti-air entrainment agent in the concrete composition may preferably be defined by an AM/C mass ratio of between 0 and 0.02, preferably between 0.002 and 0.01, better still between 0.001 and 0.0015.
- the functional adjuvants of the concrete composition according to the invention may also optionally comprise a latex.
- a latex that can be used in the context of the present invention, mention may be made, for example, of the product marketed by the company Sika under the brand name SikaLatex® 360 (L).
- the amount of dispersing agent in the concrete composition may preferably be defined by a dry latex/hydraulic binder L/C mass ratio of between 0 and 0.01, preferably between 0 and 0.003, better still between 0 and 0.0005.
- the concrete composition according to the invention may further comprise one or more other functional admixtures chosen from internal curing agents, anti-cracking agents, anti-shrinkage agents, accelerators, retarders and mixtures thereof.
- the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing fresh concrete having the concrete composition according to the invention, said method comprising a step B) of formulating the fresh concrete, which comprises the following successive sub-steps:
- the shells (in particular the first and second category products) originating from shell products, the cement, the mineral fillers, where appropriate the colorant and/or pigment, the functional additives (comprising in particular a superplasticizing agent (S), an anti-air entrainment or anti-foaming agent and a water-repellent agent) as well as their respective quantities in the fresh concrete composition thus obtained are as described above.
- the functional additives comprising in particular a superplasticizing agent (S), an anti-air entrainment or anti-foaming agent and a water-repellent agent
- the method for manufacturing fresh concrete according to the invention can further comprise, before step B) of formulating the fresh concrete, a step A) of preparing the shells comprising the following successive sub-steps:
- fermentation when natural can consist of inerting the shells by storing them outdoors for 2 to 6 weeks to allow initial degradation of the remains of organic matter present in or on the shells.
- fermentation when accelerated allows the organic matter of the shells to be decomposed during which the shells are stacked at a height of a few meters for a period of 2 to 6 weeks. Forced aeration by continuous ventilation of air from bottom to top in order to accelerate decomposition is maintained during the treatment.
- Sub-step A1) is followed by sub-step A2) of washing the shells with water, for example in a tubular washer.
- the washing sub-step A2) is followed by a heat treatment A3) of the shells at a temperature between 120°C and 200°C, preferably for about 20 to 30 minutes, to kill all traces of bacteria.
- This heat treatment (or drying) can advantageously be carried out in a rotary oven/dryer operating continuously.
- step A2) of washing is followed by an antibacterial chemical treatment with caustic soda (NaOH, 1.5% to 5% by mass in water at room temperature, from less than 15h h to 65h), or by a biological treatment by immersion in a natural environment with the introduction of crabs, shrimps or fish to eliminate the animal flesh, or by treatment by burial.
- caustic soda NaOH, 1.5% to 5% by mass in water at room temperature, from less than 15h h to 65h
- a biological treatment by immersion in a natural environment with the introduction of crabs, shrimps or fish to eliminate the animal flesh, or by treatment by burial.
- step A5) of separating the heat-treated, crushed and ground shells into the two aforementioned categories G1 and G2 is carried out.
- This separation A5) can, for example, be carried out on a vibrating screen capable of separating shells having a size of between 3 mm and 6 mm (category G1) and shells having a size of less than 3 mm (category G2).
- the second step B) of the process for manufacturing fresh concrete is carried out, consisting of the formulation of the fresh concrete.
- This second step B) includes the following sub-steps:
- microfibers for example the commercial microfibers CHRYSO®Fibre UF-500
- shells belonging to the two categories G1 and G2 then mixing the whole and in an advantageous manner for one minute
- pre-wetting water a step of introducing water (so-called pre-wetting water) into the mixer, for the pre-wetting of shells of categories G1 and G2: the quantity of pre-wetting water being determined by the absorption rate of the shells; then mixing (for example one minute), followed by a waiting phase to allow the impregnation of the water into said shells of categories G1 and G2 (for example for 5 to 10 minutes);
- a cement for example the white cement CEM n/A-LL 42.5 N
- mineral fillers for example the commercial products Betocarb HP, D, F or UF from OMYA
- a colorant for example the commercial colorant VERT 2441
- a pigment for example the commercial colorant VERT 2441
- step B3 a step of introducing water (so-called mixing water) for mixing and a superplasticizing adjuvant S (for example the commercial product CHRYSO®Fluid Optima 185) into the mixture of shells, cement and water obtained at the end of step B2), then mixing (preferably for 1 to 2 minutes);
- a superplasticizing adjuvant S for example the commercial product CHRYSO®Fluid Optima 185.
- an anti-air entrainment agent for example the commercial product SikaControl®-800 Parement
- a water-repellent agent for example the commercial product CHRYSO®Fuge B4
- the method according to the invention may further comprise, between steps B3) and B4), a step of introducing a latex as a functional adjuvant.
- This latex is as defined above.
- the introduction of the latex is followed by kneading of the mixture thus obtained (preferably for 1 to 2 minutes).
- the fresh concrete obtained at the end is typically characterized at the end of step B4 of the process according to the invention for manufacturing fresh concrete.
- the density and air content of the fresh concrete are also measured using an aerometer according to standard EN 459-2 and EN 1015-7.
- the fresh concrete obtained by the process according to the aforementioned invention can be used for the manufacture of a hardened concrete object.
- the concretes obtained are of the self-compacting type with a low air content.
- the applicant has also developed a process for manufacturing a hardened concrete object, comprising the following steps:
- a step of preparing a mold by spraying a release agent for example the commercial product CHRYSO® DEM BIO 21 DVE) onto the surface of said mold intended to be in contact with the fresh concrete;
- step C4 machining of said hardened concrete object (preferably 7 days after the end of step C3) comprising the dimensional rectification of said object (for example either using a disc or by abrasion, and the polishing or sanding of its surface.
- the composites of the concretes obtained are distributed horizontally in the form of a “millefeuille” (see for example figures 11 to 13) of low thickness (less than 3 mm), and have a higher density and a lower porosity compared to the solutions described in the prior art.
- This microstructure gives the shells improved mechanical resistances (flexural and compressive strengths) allowing the manufacture of self-compacting concrete.
- a mold with a frame made of HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) or steel may be used. This mold is prepared by spraying a release agent onto the surface of the mold so as to form a thin, homogeneous layer.
- an intrinsically non-stick mold, for example made of silicone, may be used: in this case, the presence of a layer of release agent is not necessary.
- step C4 can be carried out using a polishing machine to obtain the desired final finish: to obtain a matt or non-slip finish: use of polishing grains of dimensions 100/200/500 (grain size defined according to the standard of the European Federation of Abrasive Producers); to obtain a satin finish: use polishing grains of sizes 100/200/500/1000/2000; to obtain a glossy finish: use polishing grains of sizes 100/200/500/1000/2000/3000, then use a polishing tool.
- a polishing machine to obtain the desired final finish: to obtain a matt or non-slip finish: use of polishing grains of dimensions 100/200/500 (grain size defined according to the standard of the European Federation of Abrasive Producers); to obtain a satin finish: use polishing grains of sizes 100/200/500/1000/2000; to obtain a glossy finish: use polishing grains of sizes 100/200/500/1000/2000/3000, then use a polishing tool.
- the hardened concrete object is characterized at the end of step C4).
- the density of the concrete is measured by weighing, and the mechanical properties of the hardened concrete (compressive and flexural strengths) are determined according to the NF EN 196-1 method: Cement testing methods - Part 1: Determination of strengths.
- the present invention also relates to a hardened concrete object obtainable by the method of manufacturing a hardened concrete object according to the invention.
- the hardened concrete object according to the invention may be in the essentially two-dimensional panel form or in the form of a three-dimensional object.
- object and in essentially two-dimensional form is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, a panel-type object.
- object in essentially three-dimensional form we mean, for the purposes of the present invention, an object comprising a curved or angular surface, or even a sculpture of the art object type.
- the present invention also relates to the use of the hardened concrete object according to the invention or capable of being used as an interior furnishing element (in particular furniture tops, worktops, splashbacks, bar or restaurant counters, or exterior (such as floor slabs, pool bottoms and edges, outdoor benches and benches, slabs or facades, etc.), or a sanitary element such as a bathroom sink top or a shower tray, a bathtub), an architectural construction element, or a floor or facade covering (for buildings, or bridges, roads, roundabouts), or a decorative object.
- an interior furnishing element in particular furniture tops, worktops, splashbacks, bar or restaurant counters, or exterior (such as floor slabs, pool bottoms and edges, outdoor benches and benches, slabs or facades, etc.)
- a sanitary element such as a bathroom sink top or a shower tray, a bathtub
- an architectural construction element or a floor or facade covering (for buildings, or bridges, roads, roundabouts), or a decorative object.
- such construction objects obtained from a concrete composition according to the invention can have a mechanical resistance to compression of at least 30 MPa, preferably between 30 MPa and 70 MPa, and preferably a mechanical resistance to bending of at least 8 MPa, and a density (in particular between 2100 and 2400 kg/m 3 , preferably between 2100 and 2270 kg/m 3 ).
- the concrete construction objects obtained from a concrete composition according to the invention have a bending/compression ratio greater than 15%, preferably greater than 20%.
- FIG. 1 is a photograph showing a whole coral
- FIG. 3 is a photograph of the nanostructure of the mother-of-pearl of shells cited in the work of BARTHELAT, 2014;
- FIG. 4 is a photograph showing a whole mussel shell as used in step A) of preparing shells as defined in the present description
- FIG. 5 is a photograph showing a whole oyster shell as used in step A) of preparing shells as defined in this description;
- FIG. 6 is a photograph showing a whole oyster shell as used in step A) of preparing shells as defined in this description;
- FIG. 7A is a photograph showing mussel shell aggregates comprising sizes between 1.5 m and 3 mm (corresponding to the second category of shells G2) obtained at the end of step A) of preparation of shells as defined in the present description;
- FIG. 7B is a photograph showing mussel shell aggregates comprising sizes between 3 ⁇ m and 6 mm (corresponding to the second category of shells Gl) obtained at the end of step A) of preparation of shells as defined in the present description;
- - Figure 8 A is a photograph showing oyster shell aggregates comprising sizes between 1.5 m and 3 mm (corresponding to the second category of shells G2) obtained at the end of step A) of preparation of shells as defined in the present description
- - Figure 8B is a photograph showing oyster shell aggregates comprising sizes between 3 m and 6 mm (corresponding to the second category of shells Gl) obtained at the end of step A) of preparation of shells as defined in the present description;
- FIG. 9A is a photograph showing scallop shell aggregates comprising sizes between 0.5 m and 3 mm (corresponding to the second category of shells G2) obtained at the end of step A) of shell preparation as defined in the present description;
- FIG. 9B is a photograph showing aggregates of scallop shells comprising sizes between 3 m and 6 mm (corresponding to the second category of shells Gl) obtained at the end of step A) of preparation of shells as defined in the present description;
- FIG. 10 is a photograph showing the spreading of a concrete comprising scallop shells and having improved fluidity compared to the solutions described in the prior art, this concrete being obtained at the end of step B) of the process for manufacturing fresh concrete as described in the present description;
- FIG 11 is a photograph of a hardened concrete panel of mussel shells (of categories Gl and G2, such as those shown in Figures 7A and 7B) obtained by the manufacturing method described in the present description;
- FIG. 12 is a photograph of a hardened concrete panel of oyster shells (of categories G1 and G2, such as those shown in Figures 8A and 8B) obtained by the manufacturing process described in the present description, and
- FIG. 13 is a photograph of a hardened concrete panel of scallop shells (of categories Gl and G2, such as those shown in Figures 9A and 9B) obtained by the manufacturing process described in the present description.
- Portland cement CEM II such as that marketed by the company LAFARGE under the trade name Ciment Super Blanc CEM II/A-LL 42.5 N CE PM (absolute density 3.1);
- ⁇ superplasticizer product marketed by the company CHRYSO under the brand CHRYSO®FLUID Optima 185 (23.6% dry matter);
- ⁇ latex product marketed by the Sika company under the brand name SikaLatex® 360 (30% dry matter);
- ⁇ water-repellent agent product marketed by CHRYSO under the brand name CHRYSO®Fuge B4 (6.8% dry matter); anti-air-entrainment agents: products marketed either by Sika under the brand name SikaControl®-800 or by CHRYSO under the brand name CHRYSO® AB 42.
- the dry matter content of the anti-air-entrainment agents is 100%;
- Pigment Green 2441 colorant based on a mixture of barium sulfate and nitroso green, with an absolute density of 4.1, marketed by the company MOULIN A COULEURS;
- BLACK- 1932880 (Indian Black): dye marketed by the company ULTIBAT. It is a mixture of Fe2O3, SiO2, CaO, MgO, AI2O3 and FeO, with an absolute density of 5.17. MATERIAL USED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CONCRETE COMPOSITIONS AND THE CHARACTERIZATION OF CONCRETE PANELS
- a mixer which can be either a KitchenAid® brand mixer with a volume of 6 litres with 6 mixing speeds and a maximum capacity of 2.2 litres of fresh concrete or a mixer (BARON® brand) for production (100 litres and 300 litres volume);
- moulds for the production of panels (surface dimensions from 30 x 30cm to 200 x 100cm and thickness from 12 mm to 40 mm) comprising a plywood or steel base and high density polymer (HDPE) edges;
- panels surface dimensions from 30 x 30cm to 200 x 100cm and thickness from 12 mm to 40 mm
- HDPE high density polymer
- ⁇ a mini-icon with a top diameter of 100 mm, a bottom diameter of 119 mm, and a height of 135 mm for measuring the spreading and slump of fresh concrete (see characterization tests);
- the spreading test consists of carrying out the following steps; the mini cone is placed upside down and held on a steel plate with a hard, non-absorbent surface; the mini cone is filled with fresh concrete; the mini cone is leveled with a rod; the mini cone is immediately lifted vertically and gently by 4 cm, turning it slightly to unmold it; the very fluid concrete sinks completely and spreads in the form of a pancake on the spreading table; the largest diameter and the diameter associated with it are measured: perpendicular.
- the spread is the average of these two diameters which must not be different by more than 5 cm.
- each layer is pricked by 25 blows using the rod;
- the slump of the fresh concrete is measured by measuring the difference between the height of the cone and the height of the pile of fresh concrete.
- Step AO Collection of shells and decomposition of the organic flesh of the animals
- Step Al Elimination of foreign bodies (plastic, wood, metal, stones, etc.) present in the shells.
- Step A2 Washing the shellfish with water in a tubular washer.
- Step A3 Heat treatment and drying of the shellfish in a continuous rotary oven/dryer at a temperature between 120°C and 200°C for approximately 20 to 30 minutes to kill all traces of bacteria.
- Step A4 Crushing and grinding of shells by a hammer/tooth/ball mill or other equivalent systems.
- Step A5 Separation of the shells into three particle size fractions by a vibrating sieve (G1: from 3 mm to 6 mm as shown in Figures 7B, 8B and 9B - G2: from 0.5 mm to 3 mm as shown in Figures 7 A, 8 A, and 9 A - Fines: particle size less than 0.5 mm).
- G1 from 3 mm to 6 mm as shown in Figures 7B, 8B and 9B -
- G2 from 0.5 mm to 3 mm as shown in Figures 7 A, 8 A, and 9 A - Fines: particle size less than 0.5 mm).
- Step A6 Measurement of water absorption rate of shellfish aggregates using the pycnometer method.
- Step A7 Packaging of fractions G1 and G2 either in 25 kg bags or in 0.5 tonne to 1 tonne containers and storing the clean and dry shell aggregates in a dry place for the production of concrete.
- EXAMPLE 2 PREPARATION OF FRESH AND HARDENED CONCRETE COMPOSITIONS ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION BASED ON OYSTER SHELLS AND PRODUCTION OF PANELS WITH THESE COMPOSITIONS
- Step B0 introduce all of the aggregates (G1 and/or G2) of shells as prepared in example 1 and micro-fibers (CHRYSO®Fiber UF-500) into a concrete mixer (KitchenAid® or BARON® as mentioned above) and mix for 1 minute;
- Step B1 Introduce the pre-wetting water (the amount of pre-wetting water is determined by the absorption rate of the aggregates) into the mixer and mix for 1 minute then leave the water impregnation in the aggregates for 5 to 10 minutes;
- Step B2 introduce all of the cement (White Cement CEM II/A-LL 42.5 N), mineral fillers (Betocarb HP, D, F or UF from OMYA) and/or colorants (VERT 2441) into the mixer then mix for 1 to 2 minutes;
- Step B3 introduce the mixture of mixing water and superplasticizer (CHRYSO®Fluid Optima 185) into the mixer then mix for 1 to 2 minutes;
- Step B’3 introduce the Latex (Sika®Latex-360) into the mixer then mix for 1 minute;
- Step B4 introduce the anti-air entrainment agent (or anti-foam) (SikaControl®-800 Facing) then the water-repellent agent (CHRYSO®Fuge B4) into the mixer, then mix for 1 to 2 minutes;
- Step CO preparation of a panel mold by spraying a release agent (CHRYSO®Dem Bio 21 - DVE) onto the interior surface of said mold so as to form a thin, homogeneous layer;
- a release agent CHRYSO®Dem Bio 21 - DVE
- Step C1 pouring and distributing in said mold the fresh concrete as obtained by the method according to the invention, with manual or mechanical vibration to remove air bubbles from the concrete.
- the procedure will be to pour and distribute fresh concrete in the 4 cm x 4 cm x 16 cm molds with manual vibration or using a vibrating rod to remove air bubbles from the concrete;
- Step C2 hermetically sealing said mold, then curing the concrete, at room temperature and with a residual humidity of 100% for 48 hours; then obtaining a hardened concrete panel after setting;
- Step C3 unmolding of objects in the form of panels or test pieces 4 cm x 4 cm x 16 cm at room temperature and humidity.
- Step C4 machining the concrete panels (see figures 11 to 13), preferably from 7 days, thus obtained at the end of step C3, for example by dimensional rectification, either using a disk or by abrasion, and by carrying out a surface polishing of the hardened concrete objects (panels) using a polishing machine to obtain the desired final finish: to obtain a matt or non-slip finish: use polishing grains of dimensions 100/200/500 (grain size defined according to the standard of the European Federation of Abrasive Producers); to obtain a satin finish: use polishing grains of dimensions 100/200/500/1000/2000; to obtain a glossy finish: use polishing grains of dimensions 100/200/500/1000/2000/3000, then use a polishing tool.
- Table 2 Concretes made from oyster shells
- compositions of fresh concrete based on mussel shells are prepared in accordance with the process of the invention, in the same manner as in Example 2.
- the different compositions of concrete thus prepared are detailed in Table 3 below, with the respective quantities of the different ingredients as is and the characterization of the fresh concrete and the hardened concrete thus obtained, according to the test methods indicated previously:
- EXAMPLE 4 PREPARATION OF FRESH AND HARDENED CONCRETE COMPOSITIONS ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION BASED ON SCALLOPS (STEPS B AND C) AND PRODUCTION OF PANELS WITH THESE COMPOSITIONS
- EXAMPLE 5 EFFECT OF UF500 FIBER DOSAGE ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF MUSSEL SHELL-BASED CONCRETE
- Microfiber-free RM3-6 52 concrete is a concrete produced for comparison with the concretes according to the invention (RM3-6_53, RM3-6_54, RM3-6_55, and RM3-6_56) with microfibers.
- EXAMPLE 6 COMPOSITIONS OF FRESH CONCRETE ACCORDING TO THE PRIOR ART BASED ON SCALLOP SHELLS AND PRODUCTION OF PANELS WITH THESE COMPOSITIONS
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2303102A FR3147273A1 (fr) | 2023-03-30 | 2023-03-30 | Compositions de betons a base de coquilliers et de liant hydraulique et procede de fabrication d’ elements d’ameublement et de contruction a partir de ces compositions |
| PCT/EP2024/058802 WO2024200837A1 (fr) | 2023-03-30 | 2024-03-29 | Compositions de betons a base de coquilliers et de liant hydraulique et procede de fabrication d'elements d'ameublement et de construction a partir de ces compositions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4688689A1 true EP4688689A1 (fr) | 2026-02-11 |
Family
ID=87974206
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24714953.7A Pending EP4688689A1 (fr) | 2023-03-30 | 2024-03-29 | Compositions de betons a base de coquilliers et de liant hydraulique et procede de fabrication d'elements d'ameublement et de construction a partir de ces compositions |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4688689A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3147273A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024200837A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4863383B2 (ja) * | 2007-01-29 | 2012-01-25 | 五洋建設株式会社 | 貝殻入りコンクリート及びその製造方法 |
| JP5107660B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-28 | 2012-12-26 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | セメント添加材及びセメント組成物 |
| GB2451440A (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2009-02-04 | Wyre Plasterers & Building Ltd | Building cladding material comprising crushed whelk shells |
| FR3029198B3 (fr) | 2014-12-01 | 2017-02-03 | Esitc Caen | Fabrication d'elements de construction en beton contenant des coquillages concasses, auto drainants et mecaniquement resistants |
| CN106149872A (zh) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-23 | 中国京冶工程技术有限公司 | 一种新型复合材料与珊瑚混凝土结构体系及其施工方法 |
| CN112430039A (zh) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-02 | 北京金隅混凝土有限公司 | 一种超高性能混凝土及其制备方法 |
| CN112430040A (zh) | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-02 | 同创工程设计有限公司 | 一种自来水厂污泥粉和珊瑚细骨料制备的公路用混凝土 |
| CN115286309B (zh) * | 2022-06-23 | 2023-05-30 | 东南大学 | 一种岛礁生态型高强高延性水泥基复合材料及其制备方法 |
-
2023
- 2023-03-30 FR FR2303102A patent/FR3147273A1/fr active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-03-29 EP EP24714953.7A patent/EP4688689A1/fr active Pending
- 2024-03-29 WO PCT/EP2024/058802 patent/WO2024200837A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024200837A1 (fr) | 2024-10-03 |
| FR3147273A1 (fr) | 2024-10-04 |
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