EP4705072A2 - Procédé et dispositif (installation) pour fabriquer un panneau de matériau, panneau de matériau et utilisation d'un panneau de matériau - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif (installation) pour fabriquer un panneau de matériau, panneau de matériau et utilisation d'un panneau de matériau

Info

Publication number
EP4705072A2
EP4705072A2 EP24729962.1A EP24729962A EP4705072A2 EP 4705072 A2 EP4705072 A2 EP 4705072A2 EP 24729962 A EP24729962 A EP 24729962A EP 4705072 A2 EP4705072 A2 EP 4705072A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gluing
binder
layer
material flow
material plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP24729962.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ulrich Kaiser
Jochem Berns
Javane Oktaee
Moritz Schränkler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siempelkamp Maschinen und Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siempelkamp Maschinen und Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siempelkamp Maschinen und Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Siempelkamp Maschinen und Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP4705072A2 publication Critical patent/EP4705072A2/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/002—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres characterised by the type of binder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/02—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/04—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N7/00—After-treatment, e.g. reducing swelling or shrinkage, surfacing; Protecting the edges of boards against access of humidity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B27N1/029—Feeding; Proportioning; Controlling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
    • B27N3/14—Distributing or orienting the particles or fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a material plate having at least one layer, wherein at least one of the at least one layer comprises a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant, wherein the method comprises a material flow comprising the base material along at least the following process steps: material preparation, gluing, spreading, pressing, packaging and the material flow is composed of at least a first material flow section and a second material flow section following the first material flow section, and wherein each material flow section is characterized by at least the following Parameters: density, moisture, whereby at least one of the parameters can be influenced within the process steps.
  • the invention further relates to a device for producing a material plate having at least one layer, wherein at least one of the at least one layer comprises a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant, wherein the device has a transport path by means of which a material flow comprising the base material can be transported along at least the following process steps: material preparation, gluing, spreading, pressing, packaging and the production sections provided for this purpose, in particular treatment stations, wherein the device is designed in such a way that the material flow composed of at least a first material flow section and a second material flow section following the first material flow section and characterized at least by the following parameters: density, moisture can be influenced within the process steps and the production sections provided for this purpose, in particular treatment stations, with regard to at least one of the parameters.
  • the invention further relates to a material plate which has at least one layer, wherein at least one of the at least one layer has a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant.
  • the invention relates to the use of a material panel for residential construction, in some cases with use as a predominantly insulating building element, in some cases with use as a predominantly force-absorbing element and preferably in the field of facade insulation and (residential) interior construction.
  • the production of material plates takes place either in a cyclical or continuous manner.
  • the material plates are produced as flat objects with finite dimensions in all three spatial directions, while the material plates produced in a continuous process represent cut-to-length pieces of a web product with finite dimensions in only two spatial directions.
  • the way the joining and/or compacting unit works i.e. the production section intended for pressing and the treatment station designed for this purpose, determines whether the overall process is described as a cyclical or continuous process.
  • the compacting units or the combined joining and compacting units, generally work with significant pressures when producing material plates, these units are usually referred to by experts as a press part in relation to an entire system.
  • the working pressures here depending on the material and size of the material panel to be produced, are usually in the range between about 50 N/cm 2 and about 500 N/cm 2 and, in this case, advantageously between 100 N/cm 2 and 400 N/cm 2 .
  • insulation panels In the case of the production of material panels intended for insulation purposes, which are also colloquially referred to as insulation panels, however, they are usually in the range between about 0.2 N/mm 2 and 45 N/mm 2 , usually only up to about 30 N/mm 2 or even only up to 25 N/mm 2 .
  • an individually adjustable pressure profile is used, depending on the desired material panel type and structure, desired thickness and quality.
  • Material flow refers to the flow, i.e. the movement, of the material along successive production stages and the associated treatment stations which are ultimately decisive for the formation of the material plate, regardless of its final proportion remaining in the end product.
  • a device for producing material plates i.e. a material plate production plant
  • the moisture contained therein generally also fluids added at least in phases, in particular water, added binding agents and, in some cases, solvents included at least in phases, even if not all of the components mentioned have to be present in all production stages and/or their proportionate composition can change over the course of production.
  • processes for producing a material plate having at least one layer, where at least one of the at least one layer has a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant provide that the material flow within the material plate production plant begins with the so-called "material preparation". There, only the base material(s) is usually present. Usually, the base material(s) are then, at least when entering this first production stage, in a "semi-finished" state, which means that the particles have often not yet assumed their final shape. In connection with the material preparation, the base material can also undergo initial moistening, i.e. generally treatment with water. In some cases, the base material is also shaped in this production stage. For example, a knife ring chipper, a knife shaft chipper and/or a refiner can be provided for this purpose.
  • the material flow then normally enters the production stage known as "scattering".
  • This production stage is sometimes referred to by experts as “forming” or “scattering and forming”. From there, the material flow then enters the The production stage is called “pressing”, which is then followed by "assembly” as usually the last production stage within a material plate production plant.
  • additional production stages can be inserted between this standard sequence of production stages.
  • "cooking” and, in some cases, additional “drying” can be provided.
  • the maturity level of the material flow increases along the successive production stages and the material plates are ultimately created from the components that were originally available as raw materials (semi-finished products).
  • the material flow is mentally divided into successive material flow sections. These material flow sections do not really have to be separated from one another, but are generally connected to one another at least in phases during their movement by the device for producing a material plate (the material plate production system).
  • the material flow sections can be very short, for example just one or a few centimeters.
  • the press section of which can already be several tens of meters, for example 60 meters, in the case of a continuous press, it is usually more sensible to divide the material flow into other "batch sizes".
  • One meter may be suitable for this.
  • it may also be sensible to mentally divide the length of the successive and at least partially connected material flow sections that form the material flow into the final length dimensions of the material plates to be produced from the outset. At least in Europe, these are usually lengths of 3 meters or even more frequently 6 meters.
  • Most material plate production plants have sampling points in at least one area where so-called laboratory samples can be taken from the production flow for examination purposes.
  • sampling points are usually designed to take either one meter or one plate length, sometimes also for taking half a meter or half a plate length. Ultimately, however, samples in all of the lengths mentioned can be used more or less suitably for assessing the presence of features relevant to the invention. Samples can be taken in particular at the entry and exit areas of the respective production sections described.
  • material boards having at least one layer, where at least one of the at least one layer has a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant have a special status among material boards.
  • Such material boards are often simply referred to by experts as "wood-based panels", even if they have one or more layers that are not based on a raw material obtained from a perennial plant.
  • Wood-based panels are manufactured in a wide variety of designs for different applications. Particularly widespread are chipboards, OSB boards and MDF or HDF boards, as well as hybrid boards made up of individual layers of such composites. The name of the material boards depends on the shape and size of the wood particles used to build the board or layer.
  • MDF and HDF boards are made of (medium-density or high-density pressed) particles that are in fiber form and are usually obtained from the raw material with the interposition of a chemical process, usually a type of cooking process (so-called "cooking").
  • Hybrid panels consist of several layers of different types and are often particularly suitable when the material panel has to meet different requirements for its intended use.
  • the wood-based panels mentioned are therefore made from wood particles (chips, long chips or fibres) of different shapes and sizes, whereby the wood particles are bonded by stimulating their own adhesion mechanisms and adding adhesives (usually glue) in the so-called press part under the influence of pressure and temperature.
  • a holistic view of a material board and its manufacturing process with the necessary plant construction also includes a holistic view of the material flow, the energy flow required to form the material board, and in particular the accompanying substances that are responsible for the formation process of the material board and its (mechanical) properties alongside the natural fiber-based particles.
  • the binding agents are particularly important here.
  • one object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a material plate which, viewed as a whole, makes it possible to produce a material plate which is particularly ecologically sound by today's standards.
  • another object of the present invention can be seen in providing a material plate which is particularly ecologically sound in itself and which, in particular, has a low overall impact on the human organism and also on the environment, both in connection with its production and in connection with its use and subsequent disposal by today's standards.
  • a material plate and a method for producing a material plate should be provided which has a particularly high proportion of materials obtained from renewable resources.
  • At least one aspect of at least one of the above-mentioned objects is achieved in connection with a method mentioned at the outset for producing a material plate having at least one layer, wherein at least one of the at least one layer has a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant, in that the moisture of the material flow section passing through process step B, i.e. the "gluing", i.e. during the gluing, is increased by at least 4% ATRO, preferably by at least 6.5% ATRO, particularly preferably by at least 8% ATRO, very particularly preferably by at least 11.5% ATRO.
  • the moisture i.e. the moisture content of the material flow consisting of successive material flow sections - or more simply, the web material - is increased during gluing by at least 4% ATRO, preferably by at least 6.5% ATRO, particularly preferably by at least 8% ATRO, very particularly preferably by at least 11.5% ATRO.
  • the absolute moisture content at the entrance and exit of the gluing process step is therefore considered in particular.
  • the moisture content here is the quantity often referred to as "wood moisture” or “wood humidity” and here simply as “moisture”, which is characterized by the ratio of the water mass contained in the wood to the dry mass of the wood in percent. It should not be confused with the water content of the wood, which represents the ratio of the water mass contained in the wood to the total mass of the (moist) wood in percent.
  • the moisture is measured and stated in percent (%) ATRO (Absolutely Dry).
  • the moisture content of the material flow section passing through process step B is increased by between 4% ATRO and 18% ATRO, preferably between 4% ATRO and 16.5% ATRO, more preferably between 4% ATRO, more preferably between 6.5% ATRO and 16.5% ATRO, particularly preferably between 8% ATRO and 16.5% ATRO, most preferably between 11.5% ATRO and 16.5% ATRO.
  • the process steps are carried out, at least in part, on the material flow section to be treated, while the material flow section concerned passes through a production section, in particular a treatment station, of a material plate production plant assigned to the process step concerned.
  • a control and/or regulating device of a material plate production plant used to carry out the method i.e. a device for producing material plates.
  • the base material comprises particles which are in fibrous form.
  • fiber material Due to its structure, fiber material has a relatively low moisture absorption capacity in relation to the surface it is made of, so there is a risk that moisture will settle on the surface of the fiber and not penetrate at all or only slightly, thus disrupting the wetting process and in particular the setting process of binding agents.
  • surprisingly good results have been achieved in tests with long fibers that are particularly suitable for the production of insulation boards, as well as with fibers that are suitable for the production of MDF and/or HDF boards. It can be assumed that the high moisture distribution of a layer scattered with fibers, which can be achieved if the fibers are (re)moistened (already) during the gluing process, ensures good heat transport in downstream production stages.
  • the base material may also be preferred in certain cases for the base material to comprise particles which are in chip form.
  • Particles that are in chip form offer a high capacity for absorbing moisture, so that special synergy effects can be achieved in connection with the present process, even if their surface is relatively small in relation to the mass and the possibly stimulated, binding substances of the base material are thus limited in their exit to the surface of the particle.
  • the gluing is carried out on at least one first gluing, which is preferably carried out at a first production section assigned to the gluing, and in particular at a treatment station provided there for this purpose, and a second gluing, which is preferably carried out at a second production section associated with the gluing, and in particular at a treatment station provided there for this purpose.
  • the recovery behaviour of insulation boards can be positively influenced in this way.
  • the moisture content in connection with the first gluing is increased by a percentage that is preferably between 3 and 25 times, particularly preferably between 5 and 25 times, very preferably between 7 and 25 times, most preferably between 11.5 and 25 times, higher than in connection with the second gluing.
  • the moisture content in connection with the second gluing is increased by a percentage that is preferably between 3 and 25 times, particularly preferably between 5 and 25 times, very preferably between 7 and 25 times, most preferably between 11.5 and 25 times, higher than in connection with the first gluing.
  • an initial gluing is carried out before the first gluing.
  • the moisture content in connection with the initial gluing is increased by a percentage that is preferably between 3 and 25 times, particularly preferably between 5 and 25 times, very preferably between 7 and 25 times, most preferably between 11.5 and 25 times, smaller than in connection with the first gluing.
  • the gluing in particular the first gluing, is carried out before the base material, in particular the particles, are cooked in the cooking, in particular in a production section associated with the cooking, in particular a treatment station.
  • the term "cooking” refers to the steps necessary for breaking down the base material in the production of fibrous particles.
  • cooking in the sense of the present document should include steaming and/or cooking, which may be supplemented in some cases by (additional) chemical and/or mechanical disintegration to produce (individual) fibers from the base material.
  • Cooking can therefore also include processing within a refiner and/or a chipper, for example a knife ring chipper or a knife shaft chipper.
  • cooking is often also described as the wet part.
  • Such early gluing has the advantage that the elements of the glue responsible for the bonding structure can form particularly intensive bonds with the base material and the particles to be produced from it.
  • the total amount of binder used i.e. the total amount of binder to be used and the associated costs, can be reduced.
  • gluing in particular the first gluing
  • drying refers to the production phase in which the drying process is clearly the focus.
  • the material flow is already limited, for example due to its movement, a humidity and/or temperature gradient compared to the ambient air, or due to the increased temperature and/or increased ambient or pressing pressure.
  • drying In the production section, which is generally understood as drying in connection with the consideration of processes for the production of material boards, however, only ambient pressures usually prevail. Above all, however, drying is characterized by the fact that it takes place outside of the pressing and generally precedes this, and the moisture content is significantly reduced here. In drying, moisture levels of 70% ATRO and 120% ATRO in the inlet area of the drying process are usually reduced to around 6% ATRO to 12% ATRO in the outlet area.
  • the moisture content is reduced by at least two-thirds of the initial moisture content, usually by at least about 80% of the initial moisture content.
  • Gluing before and/or during drying allows the binder to remain with the particles to be bonded for a long time.
  • the temperatures prevailing during drying cause the pores to open or at least expand, which is very beneficial to stable cross-linking.
  • binders added to the material flow before the end of drying and especially before it began would set prematurely and no longer show sufficient binding ability during pressing.
  • the opposite can then be achieved (within the narrow limits described above) and that due to the high binding ability, the amount of binder required can be reduced and/or at least partially replaced by particularly compatible binders.
  • at least part of the gluing, in particular the second gluing after drying is carried out in the drying process, in particular in a production section associated with the drying process, in particular a treatment station.
  • binding agents that are not suitable for passing through the drying stage of production can also have an influence on the overall gluing process, for example because they set due to the high temperatures prevailing there or because their binding capacity becomes unusable for the further process in some other way.
  • the gluing in particular the second gluing and/or a third gluing, is carried out within the scattering, in particular in a production section assigned to the scattering, in particular a treatment station.
  • the type and quantity of the binding agent can be assigned to the layer in question, since in order to distribute the individual layers arranged one above the other in the material flow, successive spreading heads are generally provided, each of which has a type of storage space in which, for example, the binding agent intended for the second and/or third gluing can then be dosed individually in accordance with the recipe of the material plate to be produced. If two different types of binding agents are used, a second and third application of glue could be carried out on a case-by-case basis.
  • the moisture content preferably immediately before the first gluing, is between 2% ATRO and 19% ATRO, in particular between 4% ATRO and 16% ATRO, most particularly between 5.5% ATRO and 12.5% ATRO.
  • the moisture contained in the material flow section under consideration is increased by at least 20% up to at least 575% during the gluing process and in relation to its moisture content prevailing, in particular immediately before the first gluing.
  • the inventors now assume that the high moisture absorption capacity of the previously heavily dried base material or the particles formed from it, in particular the chips or fibers, is also reflected in an increased absorption rate of the moisture provided, which appears to have a positive effect on the willingness of the particles and binder to bond. Under these special conditions, the gluing can therefore be carried out particularly efficiently, which ultimately saves resources.
  • This design can result in particular advantages if the method is used in connection with the production of a material plate according to the continuous process, since due to the transport speed of the material flow intended or desired there in order to achieve high productivity, high efficiency of the individual production stages and their interaction is particularly desirable.
  • the method can also provide that the moisture content, preferably immediately before the initial gluing, is between 2% ATRO and 19% ATRO, in particular between 4% ATRO and 16% ATRO, most particularly between 5.5% ATRO and 12.5% ATRO. It can be seen that the moisture contained in the material flow section under consideration is increased by at least 20% up to at least 575% during the gluing process and relative to its moisture content prevailing, preferably immediately before the initial gluing.
  • the inventors assume that the high moisture absorption capacity of the previously heavily dried base material or of the particles formed from it, in particular the chips or fibers, is also reflected in an increased absorption rate of the moisture provided, which appears to have a positive effect on the willingness of the particles and binder to bond. Under these special conditions, the gluing can therefore be carried out particularly efficiently, which ultimately saves resources.
  • This design can result in particular advantages if the method is used in connection with the production of a material plate according to the continuous process, since due to the transport speed of the material flow intended or desired there in order to achieve high productivity, high efficiency of the individual production stages and their interaction is particularly desirable.
  • a binder in connection with the gluing, in particular with the first gluing and/or the initial gluing, a binder is used whose content is at least largely, preferably at least 51%, more preferably at least 65%, even more preferably at least 80%, very preferably at least 95%, obtained from natural, in particular renewable, sources.
  • Such a binder is then preferably used as the first binder.
  • the component of the binder obtained from natural sources consists of at least 51%, more preferably at least 65%, even more preferably at least 80%, very preferably at least 95% of at least water and at least one, preferably a combination of at least two of the following substances: lignin, protein, tamin, starch, glucose.
  • a particular advantage is that fumes from the material panels at their later place of use, for example as a facade component, as a component in the interior design of a home or as part of a piece of furniture, can be greatly reduced and are also much more compatible with the human organism from the outset, so that some of the expensive post-processing steps previously carried out can become superfluous in some cases.
  • Another particular advantage is that the material panels designed in this way are very easy to recycle and can, for example, be made compostable or simply thermally recycled with almost no harmful substances.
  • the first binder contains a proportion of between 0.03% and 7%, preferably between 0.3% and 7%, more preferably between 0.5% and 7%, most preferably between 0.8% and 4.5% of nitrogen compounds.
  • Nitrogen serves as a basic supply for naturally renewable raw materials, in particular wood-producing and grass-like plants, which in the context of this document are also referred to as annual or perennial plants. For this reason, it can act as a kind of catalyst in the willingness of the particles of the base material to bind together via binding agent(s).
  • Nitrogen is also fire-retardant and therefore increases safety when using the material panels, for example in residential construction, particularly in facade design and/or interior design.
  • nitrogen already contained in the binder can make a later, less effective and yet more complex and expensive impregnation step unnecessary. Remarkable advantages can result if, in connection with the gluing, in particular with the second gluing and/or the third gluing, a binder is used which comprises at least one polyamide and/or at least one polymeric structure.
  • the binder which is preferably used as a second binder and in particular acts as a crosslinker, is a member of the PMDI group, i.e. a polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate, such as resins, in particular PUR resins or isocyanate-containing substances, and/or a member of the PA group, i.e. a polyamine or a polyamide, and there in particular a member of the PAE subgroup, i.e. the polyamine-epichlorohydrins.
  • the PMDI group i.e. a polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate, such as resins, in particular PUR resins or isocyanate-containing substances
  • PA group i.e. a polyamine or a polyamide
  • PAE subgroup i.e. the polyamine-epichlorohydrins.
  • binding agents are established and widely available and can therefore be used well in the present process. Within the narrow window of the specifications characterizing the present process, this group of binding agents, whose binding ability is generally assumed to decrease rapidly with increasing moisture content, shows a surprisingly increased binding capacity.
  • a particularly environmentally friendly material board can be produced if a particularly environmentally friendly binding agent is used, but its proportion is reduced and (if necessary in a downstream production process, i.e. when the material flow is on has already reached a higher level of maturity during its development into a material board) a binding agent known to be not very environmentally friendly is added.
  • each material flow section is further characterized by at least the following parameters: temperature and/or pressure.
  • a device for producing a material plate having at least one layer wherein at least one of the at least one layer comprises a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant, wherein the device has a transport path by means of which a material flow comprising the base material is carried out along at least the following process steps a) material preparation b) gluing c) scattering d) pressing e) packaging and the production sections provided for this purpose, in particular treatment stations, wherein the device is designed in such a way that the material flow composed of at least a first material flow section and a second material flow section following the first material flow section and characterized at least by the following parameters i) density ii) moisture can be influenced in such a way within the process steps and the production sections provided for this purpose, in particular treatment stations, with regard to at least one of the parameters, at least one partial aspect of at least one of the objects on which the present invention is based is achieved in that the moisture of the material flow section passing through the process
  • the moisture i.e. the moisture content of the material flow consisting of successive material flow sections - or more simply, the web material - is reduced during gluing by at least 4% ATRO, preferably by at least 6.5% ATRO, particularly preferably by at least 8% ATRO, most preferably increased by at least 11.5% ATRO
  • the absolute moisture content at the entrance and exit of the gluing process step is considered in particular.
  • the device has a transport device for transporting the material flow along the transport path and while developing a transport speed
  • the production section(s) provided for carrying out the process step in particular treatment station(s), preferably the treatment station provided for carrying out the first gluing
  • the gluing device is operatively connected to a control and/or regulating device for gluing the material flow adapted to the transport speed of the material flow.
  • the production of the material board can be influenced particularly well according to ecological standards.
  • the addition of at least one of the at least one binding agent is carried out at least overlappingly, preferably simultaneously, the inherent binding forces of the base material can be stimulated particularly well.
  • a material plate having at least one layer wherein at least one of the at least one layer comprises a base material obtained from an annual or perennial plant
  • at least one partial aspect of at least one of the objects underlying the present invention is achieved in that the material plate is produced according to a method according to one of claims 1 to 16 and preferably using a device according to one of claims 17 to 20.
  • a material board that, viewed as a whole, is produced in a particularly ecological manner by today's standards.
  • a material plate is provided which is particularly ecologically designed and, in particular, has a low impact on the human organism and the environment, both in connection with its production and in connection with its use and subsequent disposal, according to today's standards.
  • Such a material plate even has a particularly high proportion of materials obtained from renewable resources.
  • At least one partial aspect of at least one of the objects underlying the present invention is achieved in that at least one layer has a first binder and a second binder, wherein preferably both the first binder and the second binder are present in the finished material plate with a (mass) proportion (percent by weight) of at least 0.4%, preferably at least 0.8%, more preferably at least 1.2%, very preferably at least 1.6%.
  • Such a material panel is particularly environmentally friendly, since the total use of binding agents is kept very low given the quality requirements, especially given the required bending and transverse tensile strengths.
  • first binder is assigned to a first type of binder and the second binder is assigned to a second type different from the first type.
  • the first binding agent is at least largely obtained from at least one source which, within a period of 250 years, better after 100 years, preferably after 50 years, particularly preferably after 30 years, most preferably after 25 years, can be regenerated at least once.
  • the most important advantage is of course the protection of the environment and the sustainability of the material board. This not only means that so-called “non-renewable" resources, such as oil in particular, are conserved, but also that the CO2 footprint in the life cycle of a material board can be significantly reduced. This is because sources that can regenerate at least once within a certain period of time usually do not require any longer for their own degradation. This solves an additional problem, namely keeping the CO2 footprint of a material board as low as possible.
  • the approach taken here is only one possibility of an almost unmanageable number of theoretically conceivable approaches, but surprisingly, according to our tests, it leads to success.
  • non-renewable is to be understood as meaning that within the specified "period” a subsequent generation, e.g. of the plant variety or animal species, has already become technically usable as a source.
  • a “non-renewable” source is understood to mean sources that cannot be regenerated in the usual way and in industrially economically usable quantities within a foreseeable time frame, such as oil or other mineral resources.
  • Binders which are at least largely obtained from at least one source which can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better 100 years, preferably 50 years, particularly preferably 30 years, very preferably 25 years, are, advantageously, in particular free from hydrocarbons or free from hydrocarbon compounds.
  • the second binder and/or a third binder is at least largely derived from at least one source which can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better 100 years, preferably 50 years, particularly preferably 30 years, most preferably 25 years.
  • binders are at least largely obtained from at least one source that can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better 100 years, preferably 50 years, particularly preferably 30 years, most preferably 25 years, and even if both binders are free of hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds, are used and formed within one and the same layer of a material plate.
  • a preferred configuration is when the first binding agent is protein-based and the second binding agent is based on carbohydrate-based compounds, in particular starch and/or cellulose.
  • carbohydrate-based compounds in particular starch and/or cellulose.
  • the first binding agent is based on carbohydrate-based compounds, in particular starch and/or cellulose
  • the second binding agent comes from the family of natural phenols. Phenols and starch compounds react well with each other and can form real bonds. Among the natural phenols, lignin and tamin play a particularly important role in the context of this document. However, special shell liquids also fall into this category, in particular cashew shell liquid (CLS). Lignin and tamin are willing to bond with starch, glucose and cellulose and can develop technically and economically viable synergies in terms of the achievable binding capacity, particularly with natural-based fibers.
  • CLS cashew shell liquid
  • Fats or fatty acids can be provided both as a second binder and as a third binder.
  • At least one, preferably two, of the at least two binders is based on natural phenols, in particular lignin and/or tamin and/or cashew shell liquid and/or based on natural fats or fatty acids, in particular linseed oil and/or natural carbohydrates, in particular starch and/or cellulose and/or glucose and/or based on proteins.
  • the proteins are at least partially, preferably at least primarily, of plant origin.
  • proteins of plant origin are available in sufficient quantities almost everywhere in the world and can be used economically and cost-effectively.
  • proteins of plant origin can generally be combined well with other plant-based raw materials, in particular with natural fibers such as fibers, chips, long chips, wafers from annual or perennial plants, although the willingness to bind between the different plant varieties varies greatly and the plant operator may therefore be forced to make rough and fine adjustments between the binding agents containing plant proteins and the plant-based fibers on a seasonal basis, which can sometimes seriously disrupt the production flow and the continuity of the quality delivered to the customer.
  • the proteins are at least partly, preferably at least primarily, of animal origin.
  • the degree of similarity between the binding agent and the agent to be bound is lower, the common basis is smaller, which is why the present embodiment is only recommended in certain cases, namely when a good combination has been found between the binding agents containing proteins of animal origin and the agents to be bound containing plant fibres.
  • the material plate has at least one layer whose binding agent comprises proteins obtained from pig-like animals and fibres obtained from coniferous wood, in particular from firs or spruces and/or at least one layer whose binding agent comprises proteins obtained from horned animals, in particular bovine animals, and fibres obtained from grass-like plants, such as straw or a type of bamboo plant (bamboo).
  • the material plate is developed in such a way that the second binder and/or third binder is free from regenerability, at least within a period of 250 years, preferably 500 years, particularly preferably 1,000 years, most preferably 2,500 years.
  • the second binder and/or third binder is based on formaldehyde-derived compounds, in particular UF and/or MUF and/or MUPF and/or PF and/or PRF and/or based on isocyanates or polyurethanes, in particular MDI and/or PMDI and/or PU and/or based on polyimines and/or polyethylenes and/or polyethyleneimines and/or based on polyamides and/or based on polyvinyl acetates.
  • formaldehyde-derived compounds in particular UF and/or MUF and/or MUPF and/or PF and/or PRF and/or based on isocyanates or polyurethanes, in particular MDI and/or PMDI and/or PU and/or based on polyimines and/or polyethylenes and/or polyethyleneimines and/or based on polyamides and/or based on polyvinyl acetates.
  • UF stands for urea-containing or urea-derivative-containing resin glues
  • MUF stands for melamine urea-containing or urea-derivative-containing resin glues
  • MUPF stands for melamine-phenol-formaldehyde resin glue
  • PRF stands for Resorcinol Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin Glue
  • MDI stands for diphenylmethane diisocyanate/(-containing) glues
  • PMDI stands for polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate/(-containing) glues
  • PU stands for polyurethane
  • the proportion of the first binder contained in the material plate is at least 50%, preferably at least 100%, more preferably at least 250%, particularly preferably at least 350%, very preferably at least 500% greater than that of the second binder and/or the third binder and/or the sum of the proportions of the second and third binder.
  • At least one further layer of the material plate comprises a first binder and a second binder.
  • the layer comprising at least one, at least two binders is formed as a core layer.
  • the core layer usually forms a high volume proportion of the material board and thus a large amount of the binding agents used are stored in the core layer.
  • the layer comprising at least one or at least two binders is designed as a covering layer.
  • the described synergy effects between a first binder, which is at least largely obtained from at least one source that can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better 100 years, preferably 50 years, particularly preferably 30 years, very preferably 25 years, and a second binder, which is free from regeneration, at least within a period of 250 years, preferably 500 years, particularly preferably 1,000 years, very preferably 2,500 years within the aforementioned constellations, are so great that use in the stability of the cover layers, which essentially determines at least the flexural strength of a material plate, makes such use worthwhile.
  • the at least one layer comprising at least two binders, or at least the at least two layers comprising binders together form at least 35%, in particular at least 52%, most particularly at least 61% of a total volume of the material plate.
  • the binder which is preferably used as a second binder and in particular functions as a crosslinker, is a member of the PMDI group, i.e. a polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate, such as resins, in particular PUR resins or isocyanate-containing substances, and/or a member of the PA group, i.e. a polyamine or a polyamide, and there in particular a member of the PAE subgroup, i.e.
  • the PMDI group i.e. a polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate, such as resins, in particular PUR resins or isocyanate-containing substances
  • PA group i.e. a polyamine or a polyamide
  • PAE subgroup i.e.
  • the polyamine-epichlorohydrins while the first binder is at least largely, preferably at least 51%, more preferably at least 65%, even more preferably at least 80%, very preferably at least 95%, obtained from natural, in particular renewable, sources.
  • the first binder is at least largely obtained from natural, in particular renewable, sources and the second binder comprises at least one polyamide and/or at least one polymer structure, and that the proportion of the first binder contained in the material plate is at least 50%, preferably at least 100%, more preferably at least 250%, particularly preferably at least 350%, very preferably at least 500% greater than that of the second binder.
  • the respective proportion refers to the weight percentage of the respective binder contained in the material plate. At least 50% greater means that the (residual) weight of the first binder contained in the material plate is at least one and a half times the (residual) weight of the second binder.
  • the binder defined here as the "first binder” and obtained from renewable resources is subject to a (significantly) higher weight loss in the manufacturing process than the binder defined here as the "second binder”, which belongs to the group of binders produced on the basis of non-renewable resources.
  • Such a material plate is particularly environmentally friendly in terms of production, application and recycling behaviour.
  • At least one (partial) aspect of at least one of the tasks underlying the present invention is achieved by using a material panel according to one of claims 21 to 23.
  • Figure 1 A device and a method for producing a
  • Figure 2 A device and a method for producing a
  • FIG. 3 A single-layer material plate
  • Figure 4 A three-layer material plate
  • Figure 5 A five-layer material plate
  • Figure 7 A three-layer material plate
  • Figure 8 A five-layer material plate Figures 1 to 8 show parts of a common drawing. Individually illustrated and described disclosures are, unless expressly stated otherwise, transferable at least in terms of meaning to disclosures of other figures. The figures also use the same reference symbols for the same references, but not all reference symbols have to be shown in all figures.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show exemplary embodiments of a method for producing a material plate 1, which is carried out using a device 100 for producing a material plate 1, wherein the material plate 1 produced, which can be designed for example according to a single-layer embodiment according to Figure 3, a three-layer embodiment according to Figure 4 or a five-layer embodiment according to Figure 5 and is designed for use, for example, in residential construction, in some cases with use as a predominantly insulating building element, in some cases with use as a predominantly force-absorbing element and preferably in the field of facade insulation and (residential) interior construction, and is used accordingly.
  • the material plate 1 produced which can be designed for example according to a single-layer embodiment according to Figure 3, a three-layer embodiment according to Figure 4 or a five-layer embodiment according to Figure 5 and is designed for use, for example, in residential construction, in some cases with use as a predominantly insulating building element, in some cases with use as a predominantly force-absorbing element and preferably in the field of facade insulation and (residential) interior construction, and
  • Figure 1 shows a method for producing a material plate 1 having at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, wherein at least one of the at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 has a base material 7 obtained from an annual or perennial plant, wherein the method comprises a material flow M comprising the base material 7 along at least the following process steps: a) material preparation (A) b) gluing (B) c) spreading (C) d) pressing (D) e) finishing (E) and the material flow M is composed of at least a first material flow section M-Ol and a second material flow section M-O2 following the first material flow section M-Ol, and wherein each material flow section M- 01, M-02,...
  • the parameter I, II is characterized by at least the following parameters i) density I ii) moisture II, wherein at least one of the parameters I, II can be influenced within the process steps A, B, C, D, E, wherein the moisture II of the material flow section M-Ol, M-02, to M-nn passing through the process step B is increased during the gluing B by at least 4% ATRO, preferably by at least 6.5% ATRO, particularly preferably by at least 8% ATRO, most particularly preferably by at least 11.5% ATRO.
  • the method is carried out with the aid of a device 100 extending in space along a longitudinal direction X, a transverse direction Y and a height direction Z for producing a material plate 1 having at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, wherein at least one of the at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 has a base material 7 obtained from an annual or perennial plant, wherein the device 100 has a transport path 110 by means of which a material flow M comprising the base material 7 can be transported along at least the following process steps a) material preparation A b) gluing B c) spreading C d) pressing D e) assembly E and the production sections provided for this purpose, in particular treatment stations, 100A, 100B, 100C, 100D, 100E, wherein the device 100 is designed in such a way that the material flow section consisting of at least a first material flow section M-01 and a second, following the first material flow section M-01
  • Material flow section M-02 composed and characterized by at least the following parameters i) density I ii) moisture II material flow M can be influenced within the process steps A, B, C, D, E and the production sections provided for this purpose, in particular treatment stations 100-A, 100-B, 100-C, 100-D, 100-E with respect to at least one of the parameters I, II, such that the moisture II of the material flow section M-01, M-02,....
  • treatment station(s) 100B, 100B-0, 100B-1, 100B-2, 100B-3 within the treatment station(s) 100B, 100B-0, 100B-1, 100B-2, assigned to the gluing B, 100B-3 can be increased by at least 4% ATRO, preferably by at least 6.5% ATRO, particularly preferably by at least 8% ATRO, very particularly preferably by at least 11.5% ATRO, wherein intermediate values within the said ranges can be selected via a control and/or regulating device 140.
  • sensors of a type adapted to this purpose can be provided, which can be contained, for example, in the treatment stations 100A to 100E shown, in the case of Figure 2 additionally 100F and 100G, or can be operatively connected to them.
  • control and/or regulating device 140 can exchange data via LAN or, as indicated, also via WLAN with at least one of the treatment stations mentioned, preferably with each of the treatment stations mentioned, so that data can also be transmitted from the sensors not shown here to the control and/or regulating device 140.
  • the Sensors are provided in the input and output areas of the respective production sections or of the treatment stations 100A to 100E comprising sensors, in the case of Figure 2 additionally 100F and 100G, in order to determine input and output values of the characterizing parameters I, II and, in some cases, III and IV and to send them to the control and/or regulating device 140.
  • the process steps A, B, C, D, E are carried out on the material flow section M-01, M-02 to be treated, while the affected material flow section M-01, M-02 passes through a production section assigned to the affected process step, in particular treatment station, 100A, 100B, 100C, 100D, 100E of the device (material plate production plant) 100.
  • the base material 7 entering process step A is formed there into particles 8, which can take on a fiber or chip form. It is also conceivable that part of the base material 7 is made into a fiber form, for example to produce a certain layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and another part of the base material is made into a chip form to produce another layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Both particle forms can then be contained in parallel in the material flow M, at least in sections, even if they use separate parts of the transport device 120 within the device 100, i.e. the transport path 110 can be designed to be multi-part at least in sections.
  • a transport path (section) can be designed, for example, as a pipeline, bunker, blowline, conveyor belt, roller track or in other forms.
  • the gluing B is carried out within a treatment station 100B designed for this purpose.
  • the gluing B is limited in Figure 1 to a first gluing Bl, which is carried out in a first production section 100B-1 assigned to the gluing.
  • the gluing B is divided into various sub-processes.
  • an initial gluing B-0 is carried out, for which a first binding agent 9 is used.
  • this initial gluing B-0 whose total proportion of the gluing, i.e. the binding agent mass added in the entire manufacturing process, is quite small, could also be carried out using a second binding agent 10, although the advantages are usually less pronounced here.
  • the binding agent 9 referred to as the "first binding agent” is characterized by a content which is at least largely, preferably at least 51%, more preferably at least 65%, even more preferably at least 80%, very preferably at least 95%, obtained from natural, in particular renewable, sources.
  • the said components of the first binding agent 9 can in particular consist of water and at least one, preferably a combination of at least two of the following substances: lignin, protein, tamin, starch, glucose.
  • the binder 10 referred to as the "second binder”, on the other hand, comprises at least one polyamide and/or at least one polymer structure.
  • This second binder 10 can preferably be a member of the PMDI group, i.e. a polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate, such as resins, in particular PUR resins or isocyanate-containing substances, and/or a member of the PA group, i.e. a polyamine or a polyamide, and in particular a member of the PAE subgroup, i.e. polyamine-epichlorohydrins.
  • the second binder 10 is preferably used here as a "crosslinker".
  • the actual gluing takes place, which is referred to here as the "first gluing" B-l and represents the essential part of the gluing process.
  • the first gluing B-l takes place within the treatment station 100B.
  • a "second gluing" B-2 is provided using the described second binding agent 10, which is carried out within the process step C and within the treatment station 100C.
  • the moisture II of the material flow M or of the material flow section under consideration M-01 to M-nn is increased by a higher percentage in connection with the first gluing B-1 than in connection with the second gluing B-2.
  • the moisture II in connection with the first gluing B-1 is increased by a percentage that is preferably between 3 times and 25 times, particularly preferably between 5 times and 25 times, very preferably between 7 times and 25 times, very preferably between 11.5 times and 25 times higher than in connection with the second gluing B-2.
  • the moisture II of the material flow M or of the material flow section under consideration M-01 to M-nn is increased in connection with the initial gluing B-0 by a percentage, preferably between 3 times and 25 times, particularly preferably between 5 times and 25 times, very preferably between 7 times and 25 times, most preferably between 11.5 times and 25 times, smaller than in connection with the first gluing B-l.
  • the moisture content II (immediately) before the first gluing B-l is between 2% ATRO and 19% ATRO, in particular between 4% ATRO and 16% ATRO, most particularly between 5.5% ATRO and 12.5% ATRO.
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 show a material plate 1 which is produced according to a method according to one of claims 1 to 16 and preferably using a device 100 according to one of claims 17 to 20.
  • the first embodiment of the material plate 1 shown in Figure 3 shows a single-layer design with only one layer 2.
  • the layer 2 contains particles 8 formed from a base material and in the form of fibers FF, which are at least partially and at least regionally connected to a first binding agent 9.
  • the material plate 1 according to Figure 3 extends, like the multi-layered embodiments of the material plate 1 shown in Figures 4 and 5, in space along a longitudinal direction X, a transverse direction Y and a height direction Z, which can correspond to the spatial coordinates X, Y and Z mentioned in connection with the description of the device 100.
  • the second embodiment of the material plate 1 shown in Figure 4 shows a three-layer structure with layers 2, 3 and 4 arranged one above the other in the Z direction, with layer 2 being designed as the middle layer and the two layers 3 and 4 as the outer layers.
  • Layer 2 has particles 8 formed from a base material, for example a wood or grass-like material, which are formed in chip form SF and are essentially aligned in the transverse direction Y. The particles 8 are connected to one another within layer 2 under the influence of the first binding agent 9.
  • the particles 8 of the two outer layers 3 and 4 which are also formed from a base material, for example a wood or grass-like material, are also formed in chip form SF, but here in so-called long chip form.
  • the long chips are connected to one another in layers 3 and 4 by the binding agents located there in the form of the first binding agent 9 and the second binding agent 10. In addition, they are essentially aligned in the longitudinal direction X.
  • the material board shown can be referred to as a chipboard with OSB cover layers and is characterized by particularly high stability.
  • the binding agent combination and its distribution, as well as the binding behavior generated by the manufacturing process within the material board 1 and its individual layers, also contribute significantly to this.
  • the third embodiment of the material plate 1 shown in Figure 5 shows a five-layer structure with layers 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 arranged one above the other in the Z direction and differs from the embodiment shown in Figure 4 essentially in that layers 3 and 4 now also represent inner layers and are flanked by layers 5 and 6. Both layers 5 and 6 are designed as thin layers.
  • the particles 8 located there are in fiber form and are also made from wood or grass-like base material. While the particles of the middle layer 2, as also shown in Figure 4, are only connected to the first binder 9, the cover layers 5 and 6 of the embodiment according to Figure 5 also have portions of both the first binder 9 and the second binder 10.
  • the embodiment of the material plate 1 shown in Figure 6 again shows a single-layer design with just one layer 2.
  • the layer 2 contains particles 8 formed from a base material and this time in chip form SF, which are at least partially and at least in regions connected to a first binding agent 9 and a second binding agent 10 or 10', wherein at least the first binding agent is at least largely obtained from at least one source that can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better 100 years, preferably 50 years, particularly preferably 30 years, very preferably 25 years.
  • the material plate 1 according to Figure 6 extends, like the multi-layered embodiments of the material plate 1 shown in the other figures, in space along a longitudinal direction X, a transverse direction Y and a vertical direction Z, which can correspond to the spatial coordinates X, Y and Z mentioned in connection with the description of the device 100.
  • a total volume 12 of the material plate 1 is formed within two essentially parallel dash-dot lines running along the Z direction, which is also shown in a corresponding manner in Figures 7 and 8.
  • Figure 7 again shows a material plate 1, which again has an exemplary three-layer structure with layers 2, 3 and 4 arranged one above the other in the Z direction. wherein the layer 2 is designed as a middle layer and the two layers 3 and 4 are designed as outer layers.
  • the layer 2 has particles 8 formed from a base material, for example a wood- or grass-like material, which are designed in chip form SF and are aligned substantially in the transverse direction Y.
  • the particles 8 are bonded to one another within the layer 2 under the influence of the first binder 9 and a second binder 10 or 10', wherein at least the first binder is at least largely obtained from at least one source which can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better 100 years, preferably 50 years, particularly preferably 30 years, most preferably 25 years.
  • the embodiment of the material plate 1 shown in Figure 8 again shows a five-layer structure with layers 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 arranged one above the other in the Z direction and differs from the embodiment shown in Figure 7 essentially in that layers 3 and 4 now also represent inner layers and are flanked by layers 5 and 6. Both layers 5 and 6 are designed as thin layers.
  • the particles 8 located there are in fiber form and are also made from wood or grass-like base material.
  • the layers 3 and 4 have only a single binder in the form of a second binder 10 (or 10 '), while the outer cover layers 5 and 6 of the embodiment according to Figure 8 now have portions of the first binder 9, as well as the second binder 10 (or 10 ') and a third binder 11, wherein at least the first binder is at least largely obtained from at least one source which can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better 100 years, preferably 50 years, particularly preferably 30 years, very preferably 25 years.
  • the embodiments of all figures, in particular the embodiments shown in figures 6 to 8, can have at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, in which (also) the second binder 10 (or 10 ) and/or the third binder 11 is at least largely obtained from at least one source that can be regenerated at least once within a period of 250 years, better 100 years, preferably 50 years, particularly preferably 30 years, most preferably 25 years.
  • At least one of the layers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 bound by (at least) a first binder 9 and a second binder 10, in particular the embodiments shown in Figures 6 to 8, has at least one binder 9 that is free of hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds and can also have layers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 whose binders 9, 10, 10', 11 are completely free of hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds, even if the binders 9, 10, 10', 11 are nevertheless designed differently from one another.
  • All of the embodiments shown can be designed in such a way that in at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 of the material plate 1, the first binder 9 is protein-based and the second binder 10 (or 10') is based on carbohydrate-based compounds, in particular starch and/or cellulose, wherein one of the two binders then predominates proportionately in at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
  • All of the illustrated embodiments in particular those according to Figures 4, 5, 7, 8 and in particular those of Figures 7 and 8, can be designed such that in at least one layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 of the material plate 1, the first binder 9 is based on carbohydrate-derived compounds, in particular starch and/or cellulose, and the second binder 10 comes from the family of natural phenols.
  • Embodiments of the material plate 1 has in at least one of the two a state in which one of the two binding agents 9 or 10 predominates proportionately, i.e. the two binding agents 9, 10 are formed in a ratio deviating from 1 to 1, or are formed within the relevant layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 of the material plate 1.
  • a ratio of 1 to 1.15 to 1 to 6.25 is formed, wherein a ratio of 1 to 1.25 to 1 to 4.75 is preferred and a ratio of 1 to 1.5 to 1 to 4.25 is very preferred.
  • the layers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, fats or fatty acids can also be provided with the aforementioned binding agent(s) 9, 10, 10' together within a layer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 of a material plate 1, for example as a third binding agent 11 in layer 5 and/or 6 of Figure 8.
  • Figure 8 even shows in a special way a cover layer 5 which has a binder 9, 10, 10', 11 that comprises proteins which are at least partially, preferably at least primarily, of plant origin, while the other cover layer 6 has a binder 9, 10, 10', 11 that comprises proteins which are at least partially, preferably at least primarily, of animal origin.
  • the material plate 1 shown in Figure 8 has layer 5, the binding agent of which comprises proteins obtained from pig-like animals and fibers obtained from coniferous woods, in particular from firs or spruces, and in the form of layer 6 a layer whose binding agent comprises proteins obtained from horn-bearing animals, in particular bovine animals, and fibers obtained from grass-like plants, such as straw or a type of bamboo plant (bamboo).
  • the binder formed as the second binder 10 of the layers 3 and 4 of the material plate 1 shown in Figure 8 is free from regeneration, at least within a period of 250 years, preferably 500 years, particularly preferably 1,000 years, very preferably 2,500 years.
  • the second binder 10 of the core layer 2 in this material plate 1 according to Figure 8 is also free from regeneration, at least within a period of 250 years, preferably 500 years, particularly preferably 1,000 years, very preferably 2,500 years.
  • Both binders 10 of the layers 2, 3 and 4 of the material plate 1 of Figure 8 are based on formaldehyde-derived compounds, in particular UF and/or MUF and/or MUPF and/or PF and/or PRF and/or based on isocyanates or polyurethanes, in particular MDI and/or PMDI and/or PU and/or based on polyimines and/or polyethylenes and/or polyethyleneimines and/or based on polyamides and/or based on polyvinyl acetates.
  • the proportion of the first binder 9 is at least 50%, preferably at least 100%, more preferably at least 250%, particularly preferably at least 350%, very preferably at least 500% greater than that of the second binder 10.
  • the at least one layer 2 comprising at least two binding agents 9, 10, 10', 11, or the at least two layers 2, 5, 6 comprising binders 9, 10, 10', 11 of the embodiments of the material plate 1 according to the figures shown, in particular Figures 6, 7 and 8, form individually according to Figures 3 and 6 or jointly according to Figures 4, 5, 7 and 8, at least 35%, in particular at least 52%, very particularly at least 61% of a total volume of the material plate 1.

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  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour fabriquer un panneau de matériau présentant au moins une couche, au moins une des couches présentant une matière de base obtenue à partir d'une plante annuelle ou vivace, le procédé comprenant un flux de matières comprenant la matière de base le long au moins des étapes de procédé suivantes : préparation des matières, encollage, dispersion, compression et confection, et le flux de matières étant composé d'au moins une première partie de flux de matières et une deuxième partie de flux de matières qui suit la première partie de flux de matières et chaque partie de flux de matières étant caractérisée par au moins les paramètres suivants : densité et humidité, au moins l'un de ces paramètres pouvant être influencé à l'intérieur des étapes de procédé. L'invention a pour but de développer un procédé, de préférence économique, pour fabriquer un panneau de matériau particulièrement écologique et notamment particulièrement compatible avec l'organisme humain. À cet effet, on augmente l'humidité de la partie de flux de matières soumise à l'étape de procédé B, c'est-à-dire pendant l'encollage, d'au moins 4 % ATRO, de préférence d'au moins 6,5 %, de préférence encore d'au moins 8 % et idéalement d'au moins 11,5 %. L'invention concerne en outre un dispositif pour fabriquer un panneau de matériau présentant au moins une couche, ainsi qu'un panneau de matériau.
EP24729962.1A 2023-05-05 2024-05-06 Procédé et dispositif (installation) pour fabriquer un panneau de matériau, panneau de matériau et utilisation d'un panneau de matériau Pending EP4705072A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102023001815.5A DE102023001815A1 (de) 2023-05-05 2023-05-05 Verfahren und Vorrichtung (Anlage) zur Herstellung einer Werkstoffplatte, Werkstoffplatte, sowie Verwendung einer Werkstoffplatte
PCT/EP2024/000026 WO2024230945A2 (fr) 2023-05-05 2024-05-06 Procédé et dispositif (installation) pour fabriquer un panneau de matériau, panneau de matériau et utilisation d'un panneau de matériau

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4705072A2 true EP4705072A2 (fr) 2026-03-11

Family

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP24726541.6A Pending EP4705071A2 (fr) 2023-05-05 2024-04-25 Procédé et dispositif (installation) pour fabriquer un panneau de matériau, panneau de matériau et utilisation d'un panneau de matériau
EP24729962.1A Pending EP4705072A2 (fr) 2023-05-05 2024-05-06 Procédé et dispositif (installation) pour fabriquer un panneau de matériau, panneau de matériau et utilisation d'un panneau de matériau

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP24726541.6A Pending EP4705071A2 (fr) 2023-05-05 2024-04-25 Procédé et dispositif (installation) pour fabriquer un panneau de matériau, panneau de matériau et utilisation d'un panneau de matériau

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (2) EP4705071A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102023001815A1 (fr)
WO (2) WO2024230944A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3324235A1 (de) * 1983-07-01 1985-01-10 Schering AG, 1000 Berlin und 4709 Bergkamen Neue komplexbildner, komplexe und komplexsalze
US5434200A (en) * 1993-10-28 1995-07-18 Pyrotite Corporation Water and fire resistant materials and methods for making the same
US5554330A (en) * 1995-01-31 1996-09-10 Isoboard Enterprises Inc. Process for the manufacturing of shaped articles
US6596209B2 (en) * 2000-08-10 2003-07-22 California Agriboard Llc Production of particle board from agricultural waste
DE10116686C2 (de) * 2001-04-03 2003-08-21 P & T Gmbh Projekt Und Technol Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Stroh und anderen Einjahrespflanzen für die Herstellung von Faser-, Span- und Dämmplatten sowie Wandelementen und anderen Formteilen und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faser-, Span- und Dämmplatten sowie Wandelementen und anderen Formteilen
DE102020005513B4 (de) * 2020-09-09 2022-09-01 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung (Anlage) zur Herstellung einer Werkstoffplatte, sowie eine gemäß des Verfahrens erzeugte Werkstoffplatte

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2024230944A3 (fr) 2025-04-17
EP4705071A2 (fr) 2026-03-11
WO2024230944A2 (fr) 2024-11-14
WO2024230945A2 (fr) 2024-11-14
WO2024230945A3 (fr) 2025-04-17
DE102023001815A1 (de) 2024-11-07
WO2024230945A8 (fr) 2025-11-27

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