EP4783473A1 - Electrical connector, electrical line and data transmission system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrical connector, an electrical cable and a data transmission system.

An electrical connector (3) for electrical and mechanical connection to an electrical cable (4) comprises a rail (5) and several electrical conductors (6) extending along the longitudinal axis (L _{_A} ) of the rail (5) and electrically insulated from one another by the rail (5). The connector (3) has a contact carrier (11) and several contact elements (12), each of which is electrically insulated from one another within the contact carrier (11). Each contact element (12) has a first axial end region (15) configured to electrically and mechanically contact the corresponding electrical conductor (6) of the electrical cable (4). At least one contact carrier area (27) of the contact carrier (11) and/or at least one additional element (29) of the connector (3) connected to the contact carrier (11) each has a soft magnetic and electrically insulating material, preferably a soft magnetic plastic, for guiding a magnetic flux generated by each signal-carrying electrical conductor (6) in a connector-side segment (22 ₁ ) of an associated magnetic circuit (22).

Description

AREA OF INVENTION

The present invention relates to an electrical connector comprising a contact carrier and several contact elements, each of which is electrically insulated from one another within the contact carrier. Each contact element has a first axial end region configured to electrically and mechanically contact a corresponding electrical conductor of an electrical line.

The present invention also relates to an electrical line comprising a rail and several electrical conductors, each of which runs in a longitudinal axis direction of the rail and is electrically insulated from each other by the rail.

Finally, the present invention relates to a data transmission system comprising an electrical conductor and several electrical connectors.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

Bus systems, especially differential bus systems, are used in many application areas, such as industry, automotive, or office environments, for data transmission between multiple bus participants. The wiring system of a differential bus system essentially comprises a main differential line, from which a differential branch line extends for each bus participant. Alternatively The bus participant can also be connected directly to the differential main line without an intermediate differential branch line. Both shielded and unshielded cables are used.

Out of Fig. 1A An equivalent circuit diagram for a differential bus system is derived. The transfer characteristics of the differential bus system result not only from the resistive line values R_{_H} and G_{_H} , the capacitive line values C _{_H}, and the inductive line values L_{_H} of the individual line segments, but also from the input impedance of each bus participant TN. The input impedance of a bus participant TN, i.e., an electronic module, is derived from an equivalent circuit diagram consisting of a resistive input resistance R _{_dev} , a parasitic capacitance C _{_dev} , and a parasitic inductance L _{_dev} at the differential input of the bus participant TN. In the equivalent circuit diagram of the Fig. 1A The bus participant TN shown in the left half is directly connected to the main line of the bus system, while the bus participant TN shown in the right half is connected to the main line of the bus system via a stub line with the resistive conductor layer R _S and G _S , the capacitive conductor layer Cs and the inductive conductor layer L _S .

In particular, the parasitic capacitance C_{_dev} at the differential input of an electronic assembly, which results from the parasitic properties of the real components of the electronic assembly and differs from the technical properties of the corresponding ideal component, significantly distorts the characteristic impedance of the differential bus. The parasitic capacitance C_{_dev} can be used to improve the transmission characteristics of the bus system according to... Fig. 1B through a The additional inductance L_{_C} in the two main conductors of the differential bus system is compensated. The physical and technical relationships just explained for a differential bus system apply equivalently to the less preferred application of a coaxial bus system consisting of an inner and an outer conductor.

From the EP 4 344 454 A1 A technical solution emerges in which the additional inductance L_{_C} is achieved by a ferrite core, which is attached to each of the two main conductors of the differential bus system. This technical solution significantly simplifies the assembly process compared to the prior art, in which a coil is traditionally soldered into each main conductor section of the bus system. Furthermore, the use of ferrite cores avoids the weaknesses typically associated with soldering (e.g., cold solder joints).

For the differential bus system, a cable solution can be used instead of a cable solution according to the EP 4 344 454 A1 a rail according to the EP 3 930 205 B1 These rails have multiple electrical conductors running along their longitudinal axis, which are electrically insulated from the rail. Unfortunately, threading ferrite cores onto the electrical conductors of the rail is not technically feasible.

This is a situation that needs improvement.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Against this background, the present invention is based on the objective of providing a bus system, in particular for a Differential bus system, which has a rail and several electrical conductors running in the longitudinal direction of the rail and electrically isolated from each other by the rail, to specify an effective compensation of the parasitic capacitance present at the input of the bus participants of the bus system.

According to the invention, this problem is solved by an electrical connector having the features of claim 1 and by an electrical conductor having the features of claim 8.

• Ein elektrischer Steckverbinder zum elektrischen und mechanischen Verbinden mit einer elektrischen Leitung, welche eine Schiene und mehrere jeweils in einer Längsachsrichtung der Schiene verlaufende und von der Schiene elektrisch isoliert voneinander geführte elektrische Leiter aufweist,
  • wobei der Steckverbinder einen Kontaktträger und
  • mehrere Kontaktelemente aufweist,
  • welche jeweils im Kontaktträger voneinander elektrisch isoliert gehalten sind,
  • wobei an jedem Kontaktelement jeweils ein erster axialer Endbereich ausgebildet ist, der jeweils eingerichtet ist, den zugehörigen elektrischen Leiter der elektrischen Leitung elektrisch und mechanisch zu kontaktieren,
  • wobei wenigstens ein Kontaktträgerbereich des Kontaktträgers oder/und
  • wenigstens ein mit dem Kontaktträger jeweils verbundenes Zusatzelement des Steckverbinders jeweils
  • ein weichmagnetisches und elektrisch isolierendes Material, vorzugsweise einen weichmagnetischen Kunststoff, zur Führung eines von jedem signalführenden elektrischen Leiter jeweils erzeugten magnetischen Flusses in einem steckverbinderseitigen Segment eines zugehörigen magnetischen Kreises aufweist
  und
• eine elektrische Leitung zum elektrischen und mechanischen Verbinden mit mehreren elektrischen Steckverbindern aufweisend
  • eine Schiene und
  • mehrere elektrische Leiter,
  • welche jeweils in einer Längsachsrichtung der Schiene verlaufen und
  • von der Schiene elektrisch isoliert voneinander geführt sind,
  • wobei in der Schiene eine Ausnehmung zur Aufnahme der mehreren Steckverbinder derart ausgebildet ist, dass die mehreren elektrischen Leiter jeweils von jedem Steckverbinder elektrisch und mechanisch kontaktierbar sind,
  • wobei wenigstens Schienenbereiche der Schiene, welche jeweils an die jeweiligen signalführenden elektrischen Leiter angrenzen,
  • ein weichmagnetisches und elektrisch isolierendes Material, vorzugsweise einen weichmagnetischen Kunststoff, aufweisen, um jeweils einen vom jeweiligen signalführenden elektrischen Leiter erzeugten magnetischen Fluss in einem schienenseitigen Segment eines zugehörigen magnetischen Kreises zu führen.

Accordingly, the following are planned:

• An electrical connector for electrical and mechanical connection to an electrical line, which has a rail and several electrical conductors, each running in a longitudinal direction of the rail and electrically insulated from each other by the rail.
  • wherein the connector has a contact carrier and
  • has several contact elements
  • which are each held electrically insulated from each other in the contact carrier
  • wherein each contact element has a first axial end region which is configured to electrically and mechanically contact the associated electrical conductor of the electrical line,
  • wherein at least one contact carrier area of the contact carrier and/or
  • at least one additional element of the connector connected to the contact carrier in each case
  • a soft magnetic and electrically insulating material, preferably a soft magnetic plastic, for Guiding a magnetic flux generated by each signal-carrying electrical conductor in a connector-side segment of an associated magnetic circuit
  and
• comprising an electrical conductor for electrical and mechanical connection with multiple electrical connectors
  • a rail and
  • several electrical conductors
  • which each run in a longitudinal axis direction of the rail and
  • are electrically isolated from each other by the rail
  • wherein a recess for receiving the multiple connectors is formed in the rail in such a way that the multiple electrical conductors can each be electrically and mechanically contacted by each connector,
  • wherein at least rail sections of the rail which each border the respective signal-carrying electrical conductors,
  • comprising a soft magnetic and electrically insulating material, preferably a soft magnetic plastic, to guide a magnetic flux generated by the respective signal-carrying electrical conductor in a rail-side segment of an associated magnetic circuit.

The underlying insight/idea of the present invention consists of creating a magnetic circuit by inserting the connector into the recess of the rail. The magnetic flux generated by the adjacent electrical conductor of the rail is conducted through a soft magnetic segment on the connector side and a soft magnetic segment on the rail side. This allows the inductance of the electrical conductor in the area of the connector to be increased in a defined manner when the connector is inserted into the rail.

Specifically, a data transmission system is to be created consisting of an electrical cable comprising a rail and several electrical conductors running along the longitudinal axis of the rail and electrically insulated by the rail, and an electrically connected connector for each bus participant. Each connector can be inserted into and secured in a recess formed along the longitudinal axis of the rail. The recess is designed such that the electrical conductors of the cable are freely accessible within the recess and can thus be electrically and mechanically contacted by a corresponding contact element of the respective connector.

The parasitic capacitance at the input of a bus participant is compensated by an increase in the inductive line covering in at least one axial longitudinal section of the two electrical conductors of the electrical line, which is connected to the contact point of the contact elements of the respective connector with the associated electrical conductor of the electrical line in at least one of the two longitudinal axis directions of the rail.

As already mentioned, the inductive load is increased by guiding the magnetic flux generated by each of the two electrical conductors in a magnetic circuit, which consists of a rail-side segment within the rail and a connector-side segment within the connector.

If, according to the invention, a magnetizable and electrically insulating material, preferably a soft magnetic and electrically insulating material, is used in the contact carrier of the individual connectors and in the rail, not only can the contact elements in the contact carrier of the individual connectors and the electrical conductors in the rail be electrically isolated from one another, but the inductive permeability in the electrical conductors of the electrical line in the area of the electrical and mechanical connections of the individual bus participants can also be increased. The parasitic capacitance at the inputs of the individual bus participants can be precisely compensated by increasing the inductive permeability in at least one axial longitudinal section of the two electrical conductors of the electrical line in the area of the electrical and mechanical connection of the individual bus participants. This is achieved by selecting a suitable soft magnetic and electrically insulating material in a suitable axial length for the rail-side segment in the rail and the connector-side segment in the contact carrier of the respective connector. Preferably, a soft magnetic plastic can be used as a soft magnetic and electrically insulating material, as this material is best suited for the injection molding process of the contact carrier and the rail. For the sake of simplicity, only the technical details will be discussed below. The feature "soft magnetic plastic" is used, but it includes the more general technical feature "soft magnetic and electrically insulating material".

The electrical connector is preferably a straight connector whose longitudinal axis, when mated, is aligned with the electrical conductor in the direction of the base of the recess formed in the rail. The bus participant, which is designed as an electrical assembly and in particular includes an electronic transmitter and receiver, is electrically and mechanically connected to the associated connector. The electrical assembly can preferably be arranged outside the recess in the immediate vicinity of the electrical conductor and mechanically connected to the electrical conductor. However, it is also conceivable that the electrical assembly partially projects into the recess or is connected to the connector via, for example, an electrical cable, and thus can be spaced apart from both the connector and the electrical conductor. In a less preferred embodiment, the connector can also be angled, so that the electrical assembly is arranged laterally offset from the recess in the rail.

The mechanical mating interface of the connector must be designed to ensure reliable fixation of the connector in the recess of the rail. Therefore, the cross-sectional profile of the connector must be adapted to the transverse extent of the recess in the rail.

The electrical interface of the connector must be designed in such a way as to ensure reliable electrical and Mechanical contact of an axial end region of each contact element, which is referred to here and in the following as the first axial end region of the respective contact element, with the associated electrical conductor of the electrical line is achieved. The electrical mating interface of the connector, which results from the number, arrangement, and geometric shape of the first axial end region of the contact elements projecting from the contact carrier, must be adapted to the number and arrangement of the associated electrical conductors in the electrical line in order to achieve electrical and mechanical contact between the individual contact element of the connector and the associated electrical conductor of the electrical line. Due to the homogeneity of the electrical and mechanical interface of the electrical conductors along the longitudinal extent of the rail, the electrical and mechanical mating interface of each connector is preferably identical.

The rail of the electrical conductor can contain both the electrical conductors relevant for the inductance increase according to the invention, which are used for data transmission, and the electrical conductors not relevant for the inductance increase according to the invention, which are used for power supply transmission. The electrical conductors for data transmission can preferably be at least one pair of electrical conductors for transmitting a differential signal each, which are each arranged within the rail and run along the longitudinal axis of the rail. Alternatively or additionally to differential signal transmission, at least one electrical conductor arranged within the rail can be provided, which transmits an asymmetric signal. Finally, the The rail can also have a metallic outer coating or a metallic foil to form an outer conductor or a shield for the individual inner conductors, thus making coaxial or shielded differential data transmission possible.

The electrical conductors of the electrical line are preferably arranged within the rail such that they are freely accessible and thus contactable for electrical and mechanical contact via the corresponding contact element of the individual connectors. They can each be received in corresponding recesses or cavities of the rail, which are formed on one of the two side faces and/or on the base of the recess and can each be open in the direction of the recess. If a differential bus system is present, the two electrical conductors of the electrical line can each be arranged on opposite side walls, on the base, or together on one of the two opposite side walls of the recess.

To form a connector-side segment of a magnetic circuit for each signal-carrying electrical conductor (i.e., each electrical conductor for data transmission in the electrical line) within the connector, guiding the magnetic flux generated by the respective electrical conductor, the contact carrier incorporates a soft magnetic plastic in at least one contact carrier area. Thus, either the entire contact carrier or at least one contact carrier area of the contact carrier can consist of the soft magnetic and electrically insulating material or the soft magnetic plastic, or it can be composed of the soft magnetic and electrically insulating material. The contact carrier can be made of insulating material or soft magnetic plastic. In this way, a connector-side segment can be formed for each signal-carrying electrical conductor of the rail to guide the associated magnetic circuit. Alternatively or additionally to the entire contact carrier or to the at least one contact carrier area of the contact carrier, at least one additional element of the connector connected to the contact carrier can be made of soft magnetic plastic or be manufactured from soft magnetic plastic to form a connector-side segment of a magnetic circuit belonging to at least one signal-carrying electrical conductor. The at least one contact carrier area of the contact carrier and/or the at least one additional element made of soft magnetic plastic can each be composed entirely of soft magnetic plastic or also contain sections of air, for example, recesses, grooves, feedthroughs, cavities, through holes, blind holes, etc.

In this context and throughout the following, a soft magnetic plastic is defined as a plastic that readily magnetizes in an external magnetic field and simultaneously exhibits low remanence. Such magnetic polarization allows for a magnetic flux density many times higher than that in air. The external magnetic field is enhanced by the material permeability of the soft magnetic plastic. Examples of soft magnetic plastics include polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyphthalamide (PPA), ethylene butyl acrylate (EBA), and polyamide 12 (PA 12), which may contain fillers such as [insert examples here] to increase their magnetic permeability. Soft magnetic ferrites or magnetite can be added. Soft magnetic plastics according to the invention preferably have a coercive field strength of less than 1000 A/m.

As already mentioned, the electrical line comprises a rail and several electrical conductors which run in a longitudinal direction of the rail and are electrically insulated from each other by the rail.

The rail can be a profile rail, i.e., a rigid body whose longitudinal extent is a multiple of its transverse extent and whose cross-sectional profile is preferably constant along its longitudinal extent. The profile rail can be manufactured in one piece or in multiple pieces and is preferably produced by an extrusion process.

The electrical conductors preferably extend along the entire longitudinal extent of the rail. Several connectors can be inserted into the recess in the rail, each of which can be electrically and mechanically connected to a bus participant designed as an electrical assembly. The axial position of each connector along the rail is determined by the application-specific positioning of the individual bus participants.

Regarding the individual geometric shapes and the individual material-technical designs of a rail for transmitting a high-frequency electromagnetic wave, reference should be made to the following: EP 3 930 205 B2 referred to, whose The disclosure is hereby fully incorporated into the patent application.

In order to form a rail-side segment of a magnetic circuit for each signal-carrying electrical conductor, i.e., for each electrical conductor for data transmission, in the electrical line in the rail, to guide the magnetic flux generated by the respective electrical conductor, at least rail areas, i.e., reduced transverse areas of the rail compared to the entire transverse extent of the rail, which each border the individual signal-carrying electrical conductors, have a soft magnetic plastic or are made of a soft magnetic plastic.

Since the individual connectors can be received at any axial position in the recess of the rail, the rail areas adjacent to signal-carrying electrical conductors, made of a soft magnetic plastic, preferably extend over the entire longitudinal extent of the rail.

The construction of the rail from a soft magnetic plastic can be limited to at least certain rail sections or extend over the entire rail, as will be explained in detail below. The soft magnetic plastic used in at least the individual rail sections of the rail can preferably correspond to the soft magnetic plastic used in at least one contact carrier area of the contact carrier and/or in at least one additional element of the connector connected to the contact carrier. This ensures homogeneous, i.e., closed, guidance of the generated The magnetic flux is secured in a magnetic circuit comprising a connector-side segment and a rail-side segment. In a less preferred embodiment, however, the use of different soft magnetic plastics in the rail and the connector is also conceivable.

Advantageous designs and further developments result from the further sub-claims as well as from the description with reference to the figures in the drawing.

It is understood that the features mentioned above and those to be explained below can be used not only in the combinations specified, but also in other combinations or on their own, without leaving the scope of the present invention.

In a preferred embodiment of the connector according to the invention, the soft magnetic plastic can have a permeability of preferably at least 20, more preferably at least 50, and most preferably at least 80. The higher the permeability of the soft magnetic plastic, the higher the flux density achievable in the contact carrier or in the additional element of the connector, thus improving the guidance of the magnetic flux in the contact carrier or in the additional element of the connector. A permeability that is too low leads disadvantageously to an unfavorable increase in the transverse area of the connector.

The parameter ranges mentioned above for the permeability number of the material in a preferred embodiment of the The soft magnetic plastic used in the connector according to the invention can also be applied analogously to the soft magnetic plastic in the rail of a preferred embodiment of the electrical conductor according to the invention.

In a further preferred embodiment of the connector according to the invention, the coercive field strength of the soft magnetic plastic can be less than 1000 A/m. Such a limitation of the coercive field strength of the soft magnetic plastic advantageously leads to small hysteresis losses during remagnetization due to a high-frequency signal in the electrical conductors. The parameter range mentioned above for the coercive field strength of the soft magnetic plastic used in a further preferred embodiment of the connector according to the invention can also be applied analogously to the soft magnetic plastic in the rail of a preferred embodiment of the electrical conductor according to the invention.

To achieve electrical and mechanical contact with a sufficiently high contact pressure between the individual conductors of the electrical cable or the rail and the contact elements of the connector, in a further preferred embodiment of the connector, the first axial end region of each contact element can be elastically designed. If the electrical conductors to be contacted are arranged in the side surfaces of the recess in the rail, the contact elements can each exhibit elasticity directed laterally to the longitudinal axis of the connector. If, on the other hand, the electrical conductors to be contacted are arranged in the base surface of the recess in the rail, the Contact elements for end-face contact must each exhibit elasticity directed along the longitudinal axis of the connector. In the aforementioned cases, the contact elements, when the connector is connected to the electrical conductor, can preferably be arranged in the same axial position along the longitudinal axis of the recess in the rail within the connector. If the electrical conductors are arranged on the same side wall of the recess, particularly in the case of a differential bus system, the corresponding contact elements, when the connector is connected to the electrical conductor, can preferably be arranged axially offset along the longitudinal axis of the recess in the rail within the connector.

In a preferred embodiment of the connector according to the invention, the contact carrier areas and/or the additional elements, each made of a soft magnetic material, can extend in at least one of the two transverse directions of a transverse extension of the connector beyond a connection area of the connector in which the contact elements are arranged within the connector. The transverse extension of the connector is here and in the following referred to as the first transverse extension of the connector and, in a mated state of the connector in the rail, is oriented in the longitudinal direction of the rail.

Thus, in at least one lateral area of the connector outside the connection area, in combination with an adjacent section of the rail, a magnetic circuit can be formed to guide the signal-carrying conductor. to realize the magnetic flux generated by the electrical conductor of the electrical line, which increases the inductive line coating in the data transmission system outside the connection area of the connector.

In addition to the contact carrier areas of the connector or the connector's auxiliary elements, each of which comprises a soft magnetic material, the connecting area of the connector located between them can also comprise the soft magnetic plastic, in particular the same soft magnetic plastic. Alternatively, the connecting area of the connector can also comprise a plastic that is different from a soft magnetic plastic. Finally, the connecting area of the connector, with the exception of the contact elements, can be at least partially and, in extreme cases, completely material-free, i.e., it can represent an area containing air.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the connector according to the invention, the respective contact carrier area or the respective additional element, each comprising the soft magnetic plastic, can extend beyond the contact elements, i.e., outside the connection area of the connector, in both transverse directions of the first transverse dimension of the connector. Furthermore, the contact carrier area or the additional element, each comprising the soft magnetic plastic, can preferably extend over a substantially equal length in both transverse directions of the first transverse dimension of the connector. While the first requirement results in a lateral increase in the inductive conductor layer relative to the connection point of the connector, the second requirement... To achieve the desired result for the connected bus participant, the combination of the first and last requirements results in a symmetrical increase in the inductive load relative to the connection point, thus providing optimal compensation for the parasitic capacitance at the connection point. It should be noted here that the cross-sectional area or profile of the connector in the direction of the side walls of the recess in the rail, which is referred to here and in the following as the second cross-sectional area or profile of the connector, can preferably be constant over the entire first transverse area of the connector.

Finally, each contact element can preferably have a further axial end region, which is referred to here and in the following as the second axial end region. The second axial end region of each contact element can be configured to electrically and mechanically contact a corresponding mating contact element of a mating connector or an electrical conductor of an electrical assembly. The mating connector can be a cable connector that is electrically and mechanically connected to an electrical cable, which is connected to the electrical assembly of the bus participant. Alternatively, the mating connector can be a housing connector that is installed in the housing of the electrical assembly of the bus participant, or a printed circuit board connector that electrically and mechanically contacts a printed circuit board of the electrical assembly of the bus participant.

Instead of forming a plug-in interface, the second axial end region of each contact element can be connected to the electrical conductor of an electrical cable by a material or form-fit connection, or to a conductor track, a contact surface, or an electrically conductive feedthrough of a printed circuit board by a material, force, or form-fit connection. The electrical cable and the printed circuit board can each be electrically and mechanically connected to the electrical assembly of the bus participant or be part of the electrical assembly of the bus participant.

In a first embodiment of the electrical conductor according to the invention, the rail of the electrical conductor can have the soft magnetic plastic or be made of the soft magnetic plastic across its entire cross-sectional profile. In this case, not only the rail sections adjacent to the individual electrical conductors for data transmission can have a soft magnetic plastic, but also rail sections adjacent to the individual electrical conductors for power transmission, which do not necessarily have to be made of a soft magnetic plastic.

In this way, the entire rail can be advantageously manufactured from the soft magnetic plastic in a single extrusion process. Additional assembly or joining processes, as required for a multi-part rail, can be avoided. Only the electrical conductors need to be snapped into the corresponding cavities of the rail, and in the case of shielded data transmission, the outer surface of the rail must also be coated with a metallic layer. To coat or to provide with a metallic foil.

In a second embodiment of the electrical conductor according to the invention, the rail can be formed in multiple parts. The rail can have an outer rail element and at least one inner rail element, each of which is arranged within the outer rail element. The at least one inner rail element can each comprise the rail section adjacent to the respective electrical conductor for data transmission and can be made of, or comprise, the soft magnetic plastic. The second rail element can comprise an electrically insulating material other than the soft magnetic plastic. In this respect, cavities for the electrical conductors for power transmission can be formed in the second rail element. If the electrical conductor has a shield, the second rail element can preferably have a metallic outer coating or be covered by a metallic foil. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one first rail element can also have a metallic coating or a metallic foil on its outer surface for shielding purposes.

In the case of multiple inner rail elements, preferably two, each inner rail element can comprise the rail section that borders an associated electrical conductor for data transmission and that contains a soft magnetic plastic. In the case of a single inner rail element, the single inner The rail element comprises several rail sections, preferably two rail sections, each adjacent to an associated electrical conductor for differential data transmission and each comprising a soft magnetic plastic. These rail sections can be integrally connected to one another within the single inner rail element via a further rail section, which also comprises a soft magnetic plastic.

Each of the rail elements can preferably be manufactured in a separate extrusion process. After inserting the individual electrical conductors into the corresponding cavities of the at least one inner rail element and the outer rail element, the individual rail elements can be joined together in a final assembly process. The advantage of the second embodiment of the electrical conductor according to the invention lies in the use of a more economical plastic for the outer rail element, which does not necessarily have to be soft magnetic.

The invention further relates to a data transmission system comprising an electrical conductor and several electrical connectors according to the invention. The multiple connectors are each arranged in the recess of the rail along the longitudinal axis such that, for each signal-carrying electrical conductor, i.e., for each electrical conductor for data transmission, the associated magnetic circuit comprises the corresponding connector-side segment and the corresponding rail-side segment.

The technical characteristics, effects and advantages mentioned so far and below regarding electrical connectors and electrical cables also apply equivalently to data transmission systems and vice versa.

The data transmission system according to the invention, which can be configured as a bus system, preferably as a differential bus system, enables, in particular, data transmission between several bus participants, each of which preferably contains an electrical assembly for sending and receiving a high-frequency data signal. The electrical assembly of the bus participants is preferably wired to an associated connector, which is inserted into the recess of the bus rail and electrically and mechanically connected to the electrical conductors for data transmission. In a less preferred embodiment, the electrical assembly of the respective bus participant can be wirelessly connected to the associated connector via a radio interface. A high-frequency electromagnetic wave is transmitted in the electrical line, in particular along the electrical conductors of the differential bus system, between the two communicating bus participants. Regarding access to the data transmission system by bus participants willing to transmit and the equalization of any interference occurring in the high-frequency electromagnetic wave, reference should be made to the EP 3 930 205 B1 referred.

The individual connectors are each arranged in a corresponding axial position in the recess of the rail of the electrical conductor such that for each signal-carrying electrical conductor of the electrical conductor a closed magnetic circuit is formed, which can guide the magnetic flux generated by the respective signal-carrying electrical conductor. Each closed magnetic circuit comprises a corresponding connector-side segment in a contact carrier area and/or in an additional element of the connector, and a corresponding rail-side segment in a rail area of the rail, each made of a soft magnetic plastic.

In a preferred embodiment of the data transmission system according to the invention, the at least one contact carrier area and/or the at least one additional element for each signal-carrying electrical conductor of the data transmission system can each be spaced apart from two wall segments of the recess in the respective rail area by a gap. The two wall segments are arranged opposite each other relative to the respective electrical conductor.

In this way, at least one associated closed magnetic circuit can be formed for each signal-carrying electrical conductor, which encloses the respective signal-carrying electrical conductor and which consists of the connector-side segment, the rail-side segment and two gaps between the connector-side segment and the rail-side segment.

To form a closed magnetic circuit in which the magnetic flux generated by the signal-carrying electrical conductor can be guided, the individual gap can be a maximum of 0.15 mm, i.e., smaller than 0.15 mm and preferably a maximum of 0.1 mm, i.e., preferably smaller than 0.1 mm, formed. Particularly preferably, the gap can be a closed gap. In the latter case, the connector-side segment of the connector directly and immediately contacts the rail-side segment of the rail, so that the magnetic resistance in the magnetic circuit is known to be minimized. In the latter case, the connector can particularly preferably be completely and seamlessly inserted into the recess of the rail over the entire insertion depth of the connector and/or over the entire first transverse extent of the connector.

In a further preferred embodiment of the data transmission system according to the invention, at least one spring arm, preferably two spring arms, can be formed on the connector, each of which contacts a corresponding side wall of the recess in the rail. This design of the connector allows it to be fixed to the rail in the recess by means of a force-fit connection. Furthermore, the force-fit fixing of the connector to the rail by means of at least one spring arm enables gap-free mechanical contact between the connector and the rail. In this way, with a suitable design and arrangement of the at least one spring arm relative to the rail or relative to an electrical conductor, a corresponding magnetic circuit with at least one closed gap can be reliably realized.

As an alternative to the friction-fit fixing of the connector to the rail, a form-fit fixing of the connector to the rail can also be achieved using at least one spring arm of the connector, if the at least one spring arm is inserted into an associated The connector can be locked into a corresponding side wall of the recess in the rail. In the preferred case of two spring arms formed on the connector, these can be located on opposite sides of the connector to allow for a force-fit or form-fit connection to opposite side walls of the recess in the rail. It should be noted that, alternatively, the connector can also be inserted, fixed, and released from the recess in the rail by means of an interference fit.

In the data transmission system according to the invention, each connector can be connected to a high-impedance electrical assembly of the associated bus participant, i.e., an electrical assembly whose input impedance is greater than 1000 Ω. In particular, the input impedance of the respective electrical assembly can have a capacitive component. The capacitive component of the input impedance at the input of the respective electrical assembly, which is connected to the second axial end regions of two contact elements of an associated connector, is compensated by an increased inductive conductivity in the two associated signal-carrying electrical conductors in the axial mating area of the associated connector. The increase in the inductive conductivity in the two signal-carrying electrical conductors is formed by a magnetic circuit belonging to each signal-carrying electrical conductor, which comprises a rail-side segment and a connector-side segment, each made of a soft magnetic plastic.

The capacitive component in the input impedance of a given electrical assembly can be partially compensated if the inductive load in the two associated conductors is lower. The signal-carrying electrical conductors are each only raised in one longitudinal axis direction of the rail relative to the axial position of the associated connector in the rail or relative to the connection area of the connector to the electrical conductors of the rail.

Complete compensation of the capacitive component in the input impedance of a given electrical assembly can be achieved by increasing the inductive conductivity in both associated signal-carrying electrical conductors in both longitudinal directions of the rail relative to the axial position of the associated connector or relative to the connector's connection area to the rail's electrical conductors. Furthermore, with complete compensation, the rail-side segment and the connector-side segment of the magnetic circuit belonging to the respective signal-carrying electrical conductor extend over essentially the same axial length in both longitudinal directions of the rail relative to the axial position of the associated connector in the rail or relative to the connector's connection area to the rail's electrical conductors.

The above embodiments and further developments can be combined with one another as appropriate. Further possible embodiments, further developments, and implementations of the invention also include combinations of features of the invention described previously or subsequently with regard to the exemplary embodiments, even if not explicitly mentioned. In particular, the person skilled in the art will also add individual aspects as improvements or additions to the respective basic form of the present invention.

CONTENT OF THE DRAWING

Fig. 1A

eine Darstellung eines Leitungsmodells für ein differentielles Bussystem nach dem Stand der Technik,

Fig. 1B

eine Darstellung eines Leitungsmodells für ein differentielles Bussystem mit Kompensation einer parasitären Kapazität nach dem Stand der Technik,

Fig. 2A, 2B

eine Explosionsdarstellung eines nicht montierten erfindungsgemäßen Datenübertragungssystems und eine isometrische Darstellung eines montierten erfindungsgemäßen Datenübertragungssystems,

Fig. 3A, 3B

eine isometrische Darstellung und eine Seitendarstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Steckverbinders,

Fig. 3C, 3D

eine Querschnittsdarstellung und ein vergrößerter Ausschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Datenübertragungssystems mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Steckverbinder gemäß Fig. 2A und 2B und einer ersten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Leitung,

Fig. 4A, 4B

eine Querschnittsdarstellung und einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Steckverbinders gemäß Fig. 2A und 2B in einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Leitung,

Fig. 5A, 5B

eine Querschnittsdarstellung und einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines Steckverbinders in einer dritten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Leitung,

Fig. 6A, 6B

eine Querschnittsdarstellung und eine isometrische Darstellung einer dritten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Steckverbinders in einer vierten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Leitung,

Fig. 6C, 6D

zwei vergrößerte Ausschnitte des erfindungsgemä-βen Steckverbinders und der erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Leitung gemäß Fig. 5A und 5B,

Fig. 7

eine Querschnittsdarstellung einer vierten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Steckverbinders und

Fig. 8

eine isometrische Darstellung einer fünften Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Steckverbinder.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the schematic figures of the drawing. These figures show:

Fig. 1A

a representation of a line model for a differential bus system according to the state of the art,

Fig. 1B

a representation of a line model for a differential bus system with compensation of a parasitic capacitance according to the state of the art,

Fig. 2A, 2B

an exploded view of an unassembled data transmission system according to the invention and an isometric view of an assembled data transmission system according to the invention,

Fig. 3A, 3B

an isometric view and a side view of a first embodiment of a connector according to the invention,

Fig. 3C, 3D

a cross-sectional view and an enlarged section of a data transmission system according to the invention with a connector according to the invention Fig. 2A and 2B and a first embodiment of an electrical conductor according to the invention,

Fig. 4A, 4B

a cross-sectional view and an enlarged section of a connector according to the invention Fig. 2A and 2B in a second embodiment of an electrical conductor according to the invention,

Fig. 5A, 5B

a cross-sectional view and an enlarged section of a second embodiment of a connector in a third embodiment of an electrical conductor according to the invention,

Fig. 6A, 6B

a cross-sectional view and an isometric view of a third embodiment of a connector according to the invention in a fourth embodiment of an electrical conductor according to the invention,

Fig. 6C, 6D

two enlarged sections of the connector according to the invention and the electrical conductor according to the invention Fig. 5A and 5B ,

Fig. 7

a cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a connector according to the invention and

Fig. 8

an isometric representation of a fifth embodiment of a connector according to the invention.

The accompanying figures are intended to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention. They illustrate embodiments and, in conjunction with the description, serve to explain the principles and concepts of the invention. Other embodiments and many of the advantages mentioned will become apparent with reference to the drawings. The elements of the drawings are not necessarily shown to scale.

In the figures of the drawing, identical, functionally equivalent and similarly acting elements, features and components - unless otherwise stated - are each provided with the same reference symbols.

The following section describes the characters in a coherent and comprehensive manner.

DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLES OF EXECUTION

In the Fig. 2A and 2B A data transmission system 1 according to the invention is shown in an unassembled state and in an assembled state. By way of example, a single bus participant 2 of the data transmission system 1 is shown, which is electrically and mechanically connected to the electrical line 4 of the data transmission system 1 via a connector 3. Typically, several bus participants 2 are connected to such a data transmission system 1 via associated connectors 3 and carry out data communication via the data transmission system 1. The electrical line 4 has an electrically insulating rail 5, which is designed as a profile rail along a longitudinal axis L_{_A} . In the longitudinal direction of the rail 5, preferably two electrically insulated conductors 6 are guided at a distance from each other, which are configured to transmit a differential data signal, preferably a differential high-frequency data signal, between the individual bus participants 2. A recess 7 is formed in the rail 5 along the longitudinal axis L_{_A} of the rail 5, into which the individual connectors 3 can be received and mechanically fixed. To secure bus passenger 2 to the On the electrical conductor 4, preferably on the rail 5 of the electrical conductor 4, at least one locking element 8, preferably two locking elements 8 at the axial ends of the bus participant 2, is formed on the bus participant 2, which engage in corresponding locking grooves in the recess 7 in the rail 5. Within the recess 7 of the rail 5, electrical contact is also made between the electrical conductors 6, which transmit the differential data signal, and the corresponding contact elements 12 of the individual connectors 3.

The following figures illustrate the individual embodiments of an electrical connector 3 and an electrical cable 4.

From the Fig. 3A to 3D A first embodiment of an electrical conductor 4 and an associated first embodiment of an electrical connector 3 are shown:
In the first embodiment of the electrical line 4 according to Fig. 3C The two electrical conductors 6, which transmit the differential data signal, are arranged on two opposite side walls of the recess 7. The two electrical conductors 6 are arranged on the side walls of the recess 7 such that they are accessible for lateral contact by the individual connectors 3, which are received in the recess 7.

In the first embodiment of the electrical conductor 4, the rail 5 has an outer rail element 5 ₁ with a preferably rectangular base profile and an inner rail element 5 ₂ , which is arranged within a transverse section of the outer rail element 5 ₁ . Recess 7 of rail 5 thus comprises a section 7 ₁ of recess 7, which is located inside the outer rail element 5 ₁ and outside the inner rail element 5 ₂ , and a further section 7 ₂ of recess 7, which is located inside the outer rail element 5 ₁ and inside the inner rail element 5 ₂ (see the dashed lines in Fig. 2B The recess 7 of the rail 5 extends along a transverse axis Q _{_A} of the rail 5, which is oriented orthogonally to the longitudinal axis L_{_A} of the rail 5. Orthogonally to the transverse axis Q_{_A} and to the longitudinal axis L_{_A} of the rail 5, extending laterally from the recess 7 in the outer rail element 5 _₁, a first pair of grooves 9 for receiving the two electrical conductors 6 for data transmission and a second pair of grooves 10 for receiving a further pair of electrical conductors (not shown) that transmit the power supply to the individual bus participants 3 are formed. Both the first pair of grooves 9 and the second pair of grooves 10 extend along the longitudinal axis L_{_A} of the rail. The transverse section of the outer rail element 5 _₁ , in which the inner rail element 5_₂ is preferably arranged in a form-fitting manner within the outer rail element 5_₁, extends over the further section 7_₂ of the recess 7 and the adjacent pair of grooves 9.

The two electrical conductors 6 for transmitting the differential data signal are positively locked in the inner rail element 5 ₂ to two opposite side walls of the section 7 ₂ of the recess 7 belonging to the inner rail element 5 _2. Furthermore, the two electrical conductors 6 are arranged in the inner rail element 5 ₂ such that a certain surface area of the two electrical conductors 6 is protected from the recess 7 ₂ of the inner rail element 5 2. Rail element 5 ₂ is accessible and can be contacted by the contact elements 12 of the connector 3.

The outer rail element 5 ₁ can be made of any electrically insulating plastic, preferably a thermosetting or thermoplastic plastic. The inner rail element 5 ₂ , on the other hand, is made of a soft magnetic plastic.

A first embodiment of the connector 3 results from the isometric representation of the Fig. 3A and the page display in Fig. 3B :

In the first embodiment of the connector 3, the contact carrier 11, like the inner rail element _52, is made entirely of a soft magnetic plastic, preferably the same soft magnetic plastic as the inner rail element _52. A pair of contact elements 12 for contacting the two electrical conductors 6 is fixed in the contact carrier 11. This fixation is achieved, for example, by forming fixing pins 13, preferably integrally, on the contact carrier 11. These pins pass through a through-hole 14 formed in each contact element 12 and preferably clamp the respective contact elements 12 to the contact carrier 11 in a form-fitting manner. The two contact elements 12 are arranged in the direction of a first transverse axis _QS1 of the connector 3, preferably in a central region of the connector 3, which is also referred to as the connection region 28 of the contact carrier 11. Furthermore, the contact elements 12 are each in a direction of a second transverse axis QS ₂ of the connector 3, which is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis L _S and to the first transverse axis QS ₁ of the connector 3. The lateral end region of the connector 3 is arranged such that electrical and mechanical contact is possible between the individual contact element 12 of the connector 3 and the associated electrical conductor 6 of the rail 5. To achieve sufficient contact pressure between the two contact elements 12 and the associated electrical conductors 6, an axial end region of each contact element 12, which is referred to here and in the following as a first axial end region 15 of each contact element 12, is elastically designed, preferably as a spring tab, as can be seen in particular in the enlarged view of the contacting in Fig. 3D emerges.

At a further axial end region of the two contact elements 12, which is referred to here and in the following as the second axial end region 16, electrical and mechanical contact is made with associated mating contact elements of a mating connector or an electrical connection is made with electrical lines or electrical contacts of an electrical assembly 17 of the bus participant 3. Fig. 3C The two contact elements 12 of the connector 3 are electrically and mechanically connected to metallic feedthroughs 18 of an electrical assembly 17 designed as an electrical circuit board. All possible forms of force-fit, material-fit, or form-fit connection are conceivable. The electrical assembly 17, designed as an electrical circuit board, is arranged in a housing 19 of the bus participant 3, which preferably comprises a housing base 19 ₁ and a housing cover 19 ₂ that can be removed for inspection. A mechanical interface 19 ₃ is formed in the housing base 19 ₁ , into which the connector 3 can be plugged. For the mechanical fixing of the connector 3 in the rail 5, two axially offset _pairs of locking hooks 20 are formed on each of the two lateral end regions of the connector 3, in particular on the two side walls of the connector 3, relative to the longitudinal axis L S of the connector 3 in the direction of the second transverse axis QS ₂ of the connector 3. Each pair of locking hooks engages in a corresponding pair of locking recesses. The pairs of locking recesses can be configured as shown in Fig. 3C This can be represented, for example, by the pair of grooves 10 in which the electrical conductors 7 can be arranged for transmitting the power supply. The formation of two axially offset pairs of locking hooks 20 advantageously prevents undesired tilting of the connector 3 about the second transverse axis QS ₂ of the connector 3 in the recess 7 of the rail 5.

If the individual connector 3 is received in the recess 7 of the rail 5 and the two electrical conductors 6 are in a signal-carrying state, a magnetic circuit 22 can form around each electrical conductor 6 to guide the magnetic flux generated by the signal-carrying electrical conductor 6. This magnetic circuit 22 surrounds the respective electrical conductor 6, as shown in the illustration of the Fig. 3D which results in an enlargement of the circular section B from Fig. 3C The magnetic circuit 22 has a connector-side segment 22 ₁ (dashed segment line of the magnetic circuit 22) due to the soft magnetic plastic of the contact carrier 11 and a rail-side segment 22 ₂ (dotted-dashed segment line of the magnetic circuit 22) due to the soft magnetic plastic of the inner rail element 5 _2. With the exception of one Due to the possibly small gap 23 between the connector 3 and the inner rail element 5 ₂ , the magnetic flux of the two electrical conductors 6 is each guided in a closed magnetic circuit 22.

The axial end 24 of the connector 3 can preferably be chamfered to allow the connector 3 to be inserted centrally into the recess 7 of the rail 5. The axial end 24 of the connector 3 can also be slotted in the longitudinal direction L _{_S} of the connector 3, thus forming two spring arms 24'. These two spring arms 24' secure the axial end 24 of the connector 3 laterally to the side wall of the recess 7 ₂ of the inner rail element 5 ₂ in a force-fit manner, minimizing or eliminating the gap between the connector 3 and the inner rail element 5 ₂ .

In a second embodiment of the electrical line 4 according to the Figs. 4A and 4B The inner rail element 5 ₂ is designed in two parts and comprises a first inner rail element 5 ₂ ¹ , in which one electrical conductor 6 is arranged, and a second inner rail element 5 ₂ ² , in which the other electrical conductor 6 is arranged. The associated connector 3 corresponds to the first embodiment of the connector 3 in the Fig. 3A to 3D The magnetic circuit 22 for guiding the magnetic flux belonging to the respective electrical conductor 6 in the embodiment of the data transmission system 1 according to the Figs. 4A and 4B essentially corresponds to the magnetic circuit 22 of the embodiment of the data transmission system 1 according to the Fig. 3A to 3D Regarding the technical characteristics of data transmission system 1 in the Figs. 4A and 4B Refer to the description of the technical characteristics of the data transmission system 1 in the Fig. 3A to 3D referred.

In a third embodiment of the electrical line 4 according to the Fig. 5A and 5B The two electrical conductors 4 are each arranged on the base surface of the recess 7 of the rail 5, in particular on the base surface of the section 7 ₂ of the recess 7 belonging to the inner rail element 5 _2. The contact between the contact elements 12 of the connector 3 and the associated electrical conductors 4 is thus each designed as an end-to-end contact.

In a third embodiment of the electrical line 4 according to the Figs. 6A to 6D A quasi-coaxial data transmission is achieved by the fact that the rail 5 of the electrical line 4 carries an inner electrical conductor and an outer electrical conductor. The inner electrical conductor is realized by an electrical conductor 6 within the inner rail element 5 ₂ , and the outer electrical conductor by a metallic coating 25 or a metallic foil on the outer rail element 5 ₁ .

The associated connector 3 has, along its longitudinal axis L _S, a contact element 12 serving as an inner conductor contact element 12 ₁ , which contacts the electrical conductor 6 of the rail 5, serving as an inner conductor, via an end contact at the first axial end region 15. The associated connector 3 also has a further contact element 12 serving as an outer conductor contact element 12 _2. The outer conductor contact element 12 ₂ surrounds the contact carrier 11 in a fork-like manner in the direction of the first axial end region 15. According to the Fig. 6B and 6C is located at the two fork-shaped projections of the first axial end region 15 Each outer conductor contact element 12 ₂ has a spring tab 26 for electrical and mechanical contacting of the metallic coating 25 on the outer rail element 5 _1. The outer conductor contact element 12 ₂ quasi-coaxially surrounds the inner conductor contact element 12 ₁ in its second axial end region 16. Additionally, several contact pins for electrical and mechanical contacting with a corresponding electrical contact or with an electrical conductor of the electrical assembly 17 are formed at the second axial end region 16 of the outer conductor contact element 12 ₂ (in the Figs. 6A to 6D for example, four contact pins).

Out of Fig. 6D The circular path of the magnetic circuit 22 originates from a connector-side segment 22 ₁ and a rail-side segment 22 ₂ for guiding the magnetic flux, which on the one hand circularly surrounds the electrical conductor 6 of the rail 5 and on the other hand runs circularly within the metallic coating 25 of the outer rail element 5 _1. The magnetic flux guided in the magnetic circuit 22 is generated by both the inner and outer conductors of the electrical line 4.

In a fourth embodiment of the electrical line 4 according to Fig. 7 Rail 5 is a single piece and made exclusively from a soft magnetic plastic. The cross-sectional profile of the single-piece rail 5 in Fig. 7 essentially corresponds to the cross-sectional profile of the two-part rail 5 consisting of the inner rail element 5 ₁ and the outer rail element 5 ₂ according to Fig. 4A .

In a fifth embodiment of a connector 3 according to Fig. 8 The contact carrier areas 27 of the contact carrier 11, which extend in the direction of the transverse axis Qs of the connector 3 adjacent to a centrally formed contact carrier area or connection area 28 of the contact carrier 11 in which the contact elements 12 are arranged, are made of a soft magnetic plastic. The centrally formed connection area 28 of the contact carrier 11 can be made of a non-soft magnetic plastic. The two externally formed contact carrier areas 27 and the centrally formed connection area 28 of the contact carrier 11 can be joined by a material bond, for example by adhesive bonding, or manufactured using a multi-component plastic technology (2K technology). Alternatively, the externally formed contact carrier areas 27 of the contact carrier 11 made of a soft magnetic plastic can also be formed as separate additional elements 29 of the connector 3 made of a soft magnetic plastic, which can be connected to the central connection area 28 of the contact carrier 11 by means of bonding or by means of a snap-fit or clip connection.

Although the present invention has been fully described above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto, but can be modified in many ways.

Claims (15)

Electrical connector (3) for electrical and mechanical connection to an electrical line (4), which has a rail (5) and several electrical conductors (6) extending in a longitudinal axis direction (L _A ) of the rail (5) and being electrically insulated from each other by the rail (5), wherein the connector (3) has a contact carrier (11) and several contact elements (12), each of which is held electrically insulated from each other in the contact carrier (11), wherein a first axial end region (15) is formed on each contact element (12), each of which is configured to electrically and mechanically contact the associated electrical conductor (6) of the electrical line (4),
characterized by
that at least one contact carrier area (27) of the contact carrier (11) and/or at least one additional element (29) of the connector (3) connected to the contact carrier (11) each has a soft magnetic and electrically insulating material, preferably a soft magnetic plastic, for guiding a magnetic flux generated by each signal-carrying electrical conductor (6) in a connector-side segment (22 ₁ ) of an associated magnetic circuit (22). Electrical connector (3) according to claim 1,
characterized by
that the permeability of the soft magnetic and electrically insulating material, preferably the soft magnetic plastic, is preferably at least 20, particularly preferably at least 50 and most preferably at least 80. Electrical connector (3) according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized by
that the soft magnetic and electrically insulating material, preferably the soft magnetic plastic, has a coercive field strength of less than 1000 A/m, Electrical connector (3) according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized by
that at least the first axial end region (15) of each contact element (12) is elastically designed and is exposed by the contact carrier (11) in order to electrically and mechanically contact the associated electrical conductor (6). Electrical connector (3) according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized by
that in the state of the connector (3) connected to the electrical conductor (4) the respective contact carrier area (27) and/or the respective additional element (29) made of the soft magnetic and electrically insulating material, preferably made of the soft magnetic plastic, extend beyond the contact act elements (12) in at least one first transverse axis direction (Q _S1 ) of the connector (3). Electrical connector (3) according to claim 5,
characterized by
that beyond the contact elements (12) in both first transverse axis directions (Q _S1 ) of the connector (3) the respective contact carrier area (27) or the The respective additional element (29) is made of the soft magnetic and electrically insulating material, preferably of the soft magnetic plastic, and extends preferably over a substantially equal extension length. Electrical connector (3) according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized by
that each contact element (12) has a second axial end region (16) which is configured to electrically and mechanically contact a corresponding mating contact element of a mating connector corresponding to the connector (3) or an electrical conductor of an electrical assembly (17). An electrical conductor (4) for electrical and mechanical connection with several electrical connectors (3) comprising a rail (5) and several electrical conductors (6), each of which runs in a longitudinal axis direction (L _A ) of the rail (5) and is electrically insulated from each other by the rail (5), wherein a recess (7) for receiving the several connectors (3) is formed in the rail (5) such that the several electrical conductors (6) can each be electrically and mechanically contacted by each connector (3), wherein at least rail areas of the rail (5), which each border the respective signal-carrying electrical conductors (6), have a soft magnetic and electrically insulating material, preferably a soft magnetic plastic, in order to guide a magnetic flux generated by the respective signal-carrying electrical conductor (6) in a rail-side segment (22 ₂ ) of an associated magnetic circuit (22). Electrical conductor (4) according to claim 8,
characterized by
that the rail (5) has the soft magnetic and electrically insulating material, preferably the soft magnetic plastic, throughout its entire cross-sectional profile. Electrical conductor (4) according to claim 8,
characterized by
that the rail (5) has an outer rail element (5 ₁ ) and at least one inner rail element (5 _2; 5 ₂ ¹ , 5 ₂ ² ) which is arranged inside the outer rail element (5 ₁ ), wherein the at least one inner rail element (5 _2; 5 ₂ ¹ , 5 ₂ ² ) each has the rail areas adjacent to the respective signal-carrying electrical conductors (6), wherein the outer rail element (5 ₁ ) has an electrically insulating material different from the soft magnetic and electrically insulating material, preferably from the soft magnetic plastic. Data transmission system (1) comprising an electrical conductor (4) according to one of claims 8 to 10 and several electrical connectors (3) belonging to a bus participant (2) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the several connectors (3) are arranged in the recess (7) along the longitudinal axis direction (L _A ) of the rail (5) such that for each signal-carrying electrical conductor (6) the associated magnetic circuit (22) comprises the associated connector-side segment (22 ₁ ) and the associated rail-side segment (22 ₂ ). Data transmission system (1) according to claim 11,
characterized by
that the at least one contact carrier area (27) and/or the at least one additional element (29) made of the soft magnetic and electrically insulating material, preferably made of the soft magnetic plastic, are spaced apart from each of the two wall segments of the recess (7) in the respective rail area by a gap (23) for each signal-carrying electrical conductor (6), wherein the two wall segments are arranged opposite each other relative to the respective electrical conductor (6). Data transmission system (1) according to claim 12,
characterized by
that the gap is smaller than 0.15 mm, preferably smaller than 0.10 mm, and particularly preferably a closed gap. Data transmission system (1) according to one of claims 11 or 13,
characterized by
that at least one spring arm (24'), preferably two spring arms (24'), is formed on the connector (3), which each contact(s) an associated side wall of the recess (7) or each latch(s) with an associated detent recess in the associated side wall. Data transmission system (1) according to one of claims 11 to 14,
characterized by
that the second axial end regions (16) of two contact elements (12) of each connector (3) are each connected to an input of the electrical assembly (17) belonging to the respective bus participant (2), whose The input impedance has a capacitive component which is at least partially, preferably completely, compensated by an increased inductive conductivity of two associated signal-carrying electrical conductors (6), wherein the increased inductive conductivity is formed by a magnetic circuit (22) belonging to the respective signal-carrying electrical conductor (6) comprising the connector-side segment (22 ₁ ) and the rail-side segment (22 ₂ ).