ES1070001U - Mechanism for solar follower orientation (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Mechanism for the orientation of solar tracker that is characterized because it consists of a piece with a straight rectangular parallelepiped or open box (without bottom or lid) provided on two of its internal and opposite sides of each tubular pieces facing each other, inside of which two other concentric tubular pieces are housed with the previous ones which are joined to two of the external faces of a second rectangular straight parallelepiped or open box (without ceiling or bottom) which is provided in turn, in two of its internal faces opposite and different from the external faces, of two other tubular pieces facing each other, inside which are also housed other two tubular pieces concentric with the previous ones which are joined to a third piece in the shape of rectangular rectangular parallelepiped. The geometry of this last parallelepiped is elongated which allows to fix on its free end a frame or structural platform. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Follower Orientation Mechanism solar.

Object of the invention

Object of the present invention is a mechanism intended for a flat surface on which plates are fixed photovoltaic and / or thermal solar, form an angle of 90º respect of the relative position of the sun, throughout the solar day and throughout the year. As is known the incidence of lightning solar perpendicularly on the photovoltaic cells improves the energy collection as they capture, in that position, the maximum of solar radiation. It is of special application in energy collectors solar with concentration cells (through optics relevant) because it allows more accuracy than other systems solar tracking

The peculiarities of this mechanism are two; Even having two degrees of freedom in itself, it achieves, on the one hand, that a plane moves three-dimensionally (three degrees of freedom) without any vertical axis of rotation and, on the other, performs the function of structural support. The system that drives it, two pneumatic or hydraulic pistons or two augers, act on two articulated points on the underside of the frame, making the whole of this mechanism
object of the present invention and the pistons, the functions of spatial translation or oscillation and structural support.

The frame or platform on which it install the solar energy collectors has its support in the free end of the arm of this mechanism. The opposite end of the arm is attached by bushings or bearings to the rest of the set that constitutes the mechanism, as described in this memory.

The action of the pistons on the points of articulated frame fixing, together with the reaction of the mechanism object of the invention, produce the orientation towards the platform sun or frame that supports the sensors of solar energy.

In conclusion the mechanism object of the invention achieves pivoting or swinging the frame at the same time as supports the weight of it and the solar energy collectors that on this they are fixed.

Field of the Invention

This invention has its scope in the manufacture of equipment for solar energy collection in general; by photovoltaic and / or thermal panels (heating of fluids).

Background of the invention

In the current state of the art there are numerous inventions that satisfy the object of this invention; followers solar for the improvement of the electricity production of the photovoltaic and / or thermal panels, through permanent exposure to the sun with angle of incidence of the 90º solar rays.

As an example the following:

ES 1 044 310. This invention describes a follower. of two axes, the rotation is done by rotating the support post of the panel around a circular rail and angular variation by a hinge through which the panel is fixed to the post.

ES 1 050 814 U. This invention consists of a fixed platform defined by a circular rail supported by pillars that raise it from the ground and keep it level to allow that a turntable located above and provided with wheels turn to orientate by means of two gearmotors regulated by one Photoelectric cell and a time programmer.

ES 1 061 033 U. This invention consists of perform solar tracking on a single inclined axis, parallel to North-South polar axis of the Earth.

ES 1 061 185 U. This invention consists of mainly in the formation of a characteristic structure stable carrier of a panel that can incorporate different types of solar panels. This structure is mainly formed by two pieces: a base frame supported by three motorized wheels, and that it is stabilized and anchored in its center by means of a tubular shaft On the base frame the frame of the solar panels panel with a toothed crown that makes rack with a gearmotor pinion.

ES 1 061 617 U. This invention is about a support for solar panels supported on a wrist with two axes of turn. A superior axis that promotes orientation East-West, which is turned by a lever, and an axis lower north-south tilt that is operated from a connecting rod.

ES 1 061 938 U. This invention is about a installation of several horizontally arranged panels arranged, oriented to the south, and governed from an actuator that moves them to the unison turning them laterally from east to west, as if from a Venetian blinds were involved.

ES 1 062 111 U. This invention relates to a lift system by rolling platform on the horizontal surface of the pavement. On this pavement it It has a central axis on which the assembly rotates. In the part central are the pillars and bracing that constitute the bridge beams for frame support. Over the head of the pillars a frame is placed to which the panels are fixed solar.

ES 1 063 708 U. This invention consists of a base piece anchored to the ground and constituted in support of the whole, which defines a raceway provided with guides in which support and displace twist conductors associated with a lower structure, providing this set of driving means to vary the north-south turn with at least one traction that relates said raceway and said structure lower. A horizontal axis, mounted on said lower structure with two points of support and turn for a superior structure carrier of the sensors, providing this set of means drives to vary the azimuthal rotation with at least one traction which relates said upper structure and said structure lower.

ES 1 063 906 U. In this invention the system is formed by a platform with motorized wheels in its corners circulating on a circular crown-shaped pavement and thus achieving the follower rotation on a vertical axis that It is anchored by foundation to the ground. On the platform the support structure of the horizontal axis is placed, which has of two necessary bracings in all directions. On the horizontal axis are placed cross straps to which solar panels are fixed. The follower's turn on the vertical axis is achieved by wheel movement motorized and the rotation on the horizontal axis by means of two cranks operated by variable length connecting rods, anchored to the platform.

ES 1 064 477 U. This invention is characterized because the horizontal axis of rotation is placed on a lattice beam which is part of the support structure and perpendicular to the rolling surface, said lattice beam being divided horizontally in two equal parts by the vertical axis and each of these it has an upper bar and a lower bar connected to the vertical axis by mobile couplings, arranging each of the outer lower ends of the lattice beam of at least one of said support wheels on the rolling surface.

ES 1 064 516 U. In this invention the system is formed by a metal structure that consists of two trusses in "V", on which a bridge beam and a intermediate semi-right At the ends of the trusses they are arranged two motorized wheels and in the semi-right one a support wheel. The assembly rotates around the central axis that is anchored to the ground through the appropriate foundation. Over the bridge beam a horizontal axis formed by two separate profiles is placed each other for better support of the straps. On the shaft horizontal cross straps are attached with fixing system Slider to fit the length of the solar panels which are introduced by a guide in said belts. The turn of the follower on the vertical axis is achieved by movement of the motorized wheels that run along a crown-shaped track circular and turn on the horizontal axis by means of cranks screw-operated auger anchored to the platform.

ES 1 064 549 U. In this invention the follower solar is supported on a rolling structure that rotates with respect to a vertical axis, said support structure of the solar tracker composed of a structural beam assembly reticulated metal. The support structure has a projection in its anterior part as a nose that provides stability to the structural assembly The rotation of the solar tracker with respect to the axis vertical is achieved by using support wheels between which at least two will be motorized.

ES 1 058 985 U This invention describes a follower comprising a single post, on which a panel of photovoltaic panels, characterized in that it has two axes of turn that move by means of two gearmotors that control independently the angle that the panel forms laterally and the inclination of it.

ES 1 063 689 U This invention is characterized by the fact of understanding a fixed post on which a concentric pivot post and outside it forming the system of turn, existing in the fixed post a plate that supports a set worm-crown acting on the pivot post, said assembly being driven by a DC motor and which performs the azimuthal movement, and a lifting bar that handles the solar tilt movement through a coupling of pinion arranged on a steel spindle also actuated by a DC motor.

ES 1 064 540 U This invention is characterized because it is constituted from two axially coupled tubes each other in vertical arrangement, the bottom tube being fixed and of longer length, while the upper tube is mounted swivel and endowed at its lower end with a crown that Gear with a pinion driven by a motor-reducer arranged on a support fixed to the side surface of the tube lower and fixed, determining the drive of said motor-reducer a turn in azimuth of the follower himself solar.

They all fulfill their goal, not However, the proposed invention is an improvement over all they simplify its manufacture, transport, assembly, maneuver and maintenance for the following:

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Reduce The quantity of pieces.

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Eliminate expensive assemblies with electric motors, speed reducers, toothed crowns, etc.

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Eliminate expensive and heavy batteries of accumulators necessary for the power supply of engines

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Reduce maintenance

Description of the invention

The oscillator mechanism for solar tracker object of the present invention greatly simplifies the components that usually include solar trackers it consists only of one arm and two straight parallelepipeds rectangular, like open boxes without roof or bottom, concentric, that is, housed inside each other, articulated with each other by concentric tubular pieces joined by their opposite ends to the respective faces of the parallelepipeds

On the free end of the arm a platform or frame, which houses the solar collectors. At opposite end of the arm (whose shape is that of a parallelepiped rectangular straight) on opposite faces and aligned on the same axis imaginary, two tubular pieces are fixed. Inside these and  concentric to them other tubular pieces are housed the which are fixed to two of the internal faces of one of the parallelepipeds All of them are aligned on the same axis imaginary.

In this way the set, tubular pieces external-tubular parts internal-parallelepiped, allows the arm to rotate 360º on the inside of said parallelepiped.

The parallelepiped or box that houses two of its opposite inner faces the mentioned tubular parts previously which support and allow the rotation of the arm, it has two other tubular parts fixed but you are in the other two  faces that form 90º but on the outside of them. These pieces are aligned with each other on an imaginary axis. The imaginary axes that run longitudinally through both sets of tubular pieces form an angle of 90º to each other. Is say the box or rectangular rectangular parallelepiped leads attached to the inside of two of their opposite faces two tubular pieces facing and on the same axis and on the outside of the other two Opposite faces are also tubular pieces. Since the faces of the parallelepiped form 90 degrees to each other, the lines or axes imaginary of both sets of tubular pieces also form An angle of 90º to each other.

On the outside of the aforementioned parallelepiped rectangular straight or box and concentric to this is another one of similar characteristics. In this last parallelepiped and in two from their opposite inner faces two tubular pieces are fixed facing each other and on the same imaginary line or axis. These Last tubular parts are located (internally or externally) concentric to those fixed on the external faces of the parallelepiped previous. That is to say aligned on the same imaginary axis.

The set of tubular pieces that articulate both parallelepipeds or boxes allows the parallelepiped housed internally a 360º turn with respect to the outer parallelepiped and on the inside of it.

Also inside the inner parallelepiped described, and by means of the tubular pieces that each one has, the arm (central parallelepiped) is allowed to rotate 360º through the interior space of it.

Since the turns described occur over axes located 90º to each other produce planes also located 90º each.

In conclusion, as we have stated, the arm whose lower end has the described joint First, rotate 360º inside and with respect to the box first or internal, and this internal box also rotates 360º through the inside and with respect to the outer box. The combination of both 360º turns provide any point of the free end of the arm the possibility of describing a spherical surface.

In the application object of this invention, places the axis of rotation of the joint between the inner box and the outer box with North-South orientation, east mode the inner box moves describing a semicircle in a plane with orientation East West. Since the axis of rotation of the arm forms an angle of 90º with respect to the axis of rotation of the internal box that supports it, said axis has east-west orientation so the above arm describes a semicircle in a North-South oriented plane. Combining simultaneously both movements we obtain that the free end of the arm describes all possible points of a cap spherical.

The box of superior size and external to the set of parts is fixed to the structure that supports the mechanism in its whole as well as to the frame and to the energy collectors solar.

It is advisable to arrange between the pieces Tubular that allow the rotation of bushings or bearings.

The present invention patent has application, among others, in applications No. P200701418, nº P200701420, No. P200701421, where two or more pistons attack each other points of the frame that supports solar energy collectors, or of a lever that moves it. With the combined movement and the proper extension of each of the plungers oscillation is achieved and in this way the plane is oriented so that it forms a right angle With the sun's rays.

Description of the drawings

To complement and facilitate the best Understanding the features of the present invention is attached, as an integral part of said description, a set of figures in which, by way of illustration and not limitation, it is shown the next:

Figure 1: Plant. Show the mechanism in your set schematically seen on the floor, where you can see the arm object of articulation or oscillation (2) to which the tubular parts (3), the inner box (4) with its tubular parts internal (5) and external (6), the outer box (7) with its parts  internal tubular (8). The tubular parts (3-5) and the (6-8) are concentric being housed inside the others and with the slack between them enough to accommodate a bush or bearing so as to allow a rotating movement between them. Through the sets of tubular parts (3) (5) the arm (2) rotates on the shaft b-b '. Also by means of tubular parts (6) (8) the box (4) rotates on its axis a-a '.

Figure 2: Elevation. Show the mechanism in your set schematically seen in elevation, where you can see the platform or frame (1), the structural swing arm of fixing the frame (2), the tubular parts (3) (5), the box internal (4), tubular parts (6) (8), external box (7), and the bushings (9).

Figure 3: Side View. Show the mechanism as a whole schematically seen laterally, where appreciate the platform or frame (1), the swing arm structural fixing of the frame (2), the tubular parts (3) (5), the inner box (4), the tubular parts (6) (8), the box external (7), and bushes (9).

Figure 4: Schematic representation in position plant at dawn in its extreme position of Northeast summer solstice. The inner box (4) is in its maximum turning position on its a-a 'axis oriented to the east. The arm (2) is turned on its axis b-b 'facing north. The conjunction of both turns produce the necessary angle for optimal orientation Northeast of the platform (1).

Figure 5: Schematic representation in East position floor. The internal box (4) is rotated on its axis a-a 'facing east. He arm (2) is turned on its axis b-b ' facing east as well. The conjunction of both turns produces the necessary angle for the optimum orientation East of the platform (1).

Figure 6: Schematic representation in South-East position floor. The inner box (4) is turned on its axis a-a 'orienting to the east. The arm (2) is turned on its axis b-b 'facing south. The conjunction of both turns produce the necessary angle for optimal orientation Southeast of the platform (1).

Figure 7: Schematic representation in South maximum position floor. The inner box (4) is located in its resting position without any rotation. The arm (2) is located turned on its axis b-b 'oriented at its maximum South position The conjunction of both turns produces the angle necessary for the optimal South orientation of the platform (1).

Figure 8: Schematic representation in floor of the maximum West position. The inner box (4) is it is in a rotating position on its axis a-a ' facing west. The arm (2) is turned on its axis b-b 'oriented in its maximum West position. The conjunction of both turns produces the necessary angle for the Optimum west orientation of the platform (1).

Figure 9: Schematic representation in plant the position at sunset in its extreme position of Summer Solstice. The box (4) is in its position of maximum rotation on its a-a 'axis oriented towards the West. The arm (2) is turned on its axis b-b 'facing north. The conjunction of both turns produce the necessary angle for optimal orientation Northwest of the platform (1).

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Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

The present invention of follower mechanism solar consists of the following elements: platform or rack (1) which houses the solar energy collector plates, equipped with its lower face of an oscillating structural arm (2), elements tubular (3) (5) and (6) (8), two concentric boxes (4) (7) and bushings or bearings (9).

The box (7) is fixed on a structural pillar, inside which the box (4) which rotates is housed by means of tubular pieces (6) (8). Inside the box (4) an arm (2) is housed which rotates through the tubular parts (3) (5). At the opposite end of said arm a frame or platform, on which the solar energy collectors are housed. Tubular pieces (3) (5) and (6) (8) are fitted with bushings or bearings to facilitate the rotation of the arm and the box respectively.

Once the exposed mechanism has been completed is prepared to apply the necessary forces that allow the desired movements, ie the cylinders (10) and (eleven).

If the plunger (10) receives the order to work in the direction of extension, while the piston (11) remains in resting the frame that supports the plates oscillates thanks to the movement performed by the arm (2) and the box (5), which pivot on the box (8). With this movement the Eastbound frame. Figures 10 and 11.

If the pistons (10) and (11) work extending simultaneously, the platform is located in a Intermediate position. With this movement the platform is oriented South. Figures 12 and 13.

If the piston (11) receives the order to work in the direction of extension, while the plunger (10) remains in idle, the platform that supports the rack that in turn supports the plates oscillate thanks to the movement made by the arm (2) and the box (5), which pivot on the box (8). With this movement is oriented westward. Figures 14 and fifteen.

The set will be made in different dimensions, according to the number and dimensions of the elements energy collectors that are housed on the platform.

Claims (1)

1. Mechanism for the orientation of solar tracker that is characterized in that it consists of a piece with a rectangular straight parallelepiped or an open box (without bottom or cover) provided on two of its internal and opposite faces of two tubular pieces facing each other, inside of which two other concentric tubular pieces are housed with the previous ones which are joined to two of the external faces of a second rectangular straight parallelepiped or open box (without roof or bottom) which is provided in turn, in two of its opposite internal faces and distinct from the external faces, of two other tubular pieces facing each other, within which two other concentric tubular pieces with the previous ones are also housed, which are joined to a third piece in the form of a rectangular rectangular parallelepiped. The geometry of this last parallelepiped is elongated, which allows a structural frame or platform to be fixed on its free end.