ES1246699U - AUXILIARY MEANS FOR THE COLLECTION OF SLOPES: THE LYING SCAFFOLD (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

The auxiliary means called "Auxiliary means for encachado of slopes: the recumbent scaffold", object of this record, is characterized by: a- An auxiliary system made up of prefabricated modules, made up of materials such as aluminum and/or Q245 steel (for parts that have to withstand greater resistance such as: connections and connecting elements), in which the tongue and groove connection system prevails; facilitating the assembly and disassembly of the auxiliary means. b- An auxiliary system that allows to achieve, with the superposition of modules and the tongue and groove connection system, an unlimited mounting height of the auxiliary means and without dependence on any other equipment or auxiliary means. c- A continuous auxiliary aluminum base, located as the internal base of the modules, with dimensions between 3.80 and 4.00 meters long (preferably 3.80 meters) and between 0.30 and 0.50 meters width (preferably 0.30 meters), and connectors, for the insertion of the elements that make up the modules, located 3.50 meters apart, and connection system, with the rest of the structural elements, of the "tongue and groove" type (male profile). d- Aluminum work platforms, supported on the end rails, adjustable or multi-position, to create horizontal work surfaces, through a connection system with Q245 steel hook (exterior) and guide pins (interior). The platform width is dimensioned between 0.30 and 0.50 meters (preferably 0.30 meters). e- Connecting hooks (steel 0245), located on the outer edge of each of the work platforms, equidistant from each other a distance of 1.50 meters. f- Anchorage points (Q245 steel), for the connection of the safety harness, located in the forks of the steel bars that hold the auxiliary means (through the spars) to the slope. Allowing such anchorages to be used in the event of an evacuation, of injured workers, with a rescue stretcher. g- Use of aluminum steps, anchored to the platform on which it is supported, to facilitate transit between modules. Sized between 0.30 and 0.50 meters long (preferably 0.30 meters) and 0.25 meters wide. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

Auxiliary means for capping slopes: the recumbent scaffold

TECHNICAL SECTOR

It is common to see in new infrastructure construction works, and also in conservation and exploitation, how the activity of "encachado" of slopes is carried out. In general, the "encachado" is usually carried out on slopes where the direct incidence of sunlight it is low; Complicating, in these cases, revegetation as a more natural measure to avoid slope erosion.

The "encachado" consists of the covering, by means of stone boats, on the slope, adhered by reinforced concrete with mesh. This technique is used to protect the slope from erosion and thus prevent it, the slope, from being marked by phenomena. environmental, such as rainwater, and develop an unsightly, unstable and even requires other conservation activities, such as cleaning eroded and fallen material in the gutters, and even the repair of the deteriorated slope .

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

With the entry into force of Law 31/1995, a new legal system is developed in Spain as a basic body of guarantees and responsibilities in the defense and protection of workers against their working conditions. However, the results of the statistics on work accidents in the construction sector, from the year 2000 to the present time, show how the efforts made to reduce accidents have not fully impacted the construction sector. and accidents continue to be closely linked to the volume of work that this sector performs, that is, to the labor that is hired. From this accident rate, special attention is generated by accidents resulting from "falls at a different level", accidents that, from the start, are not remarkable in the total calculation of accidents produced in the construction sector, but nevertheless represent , an average of 44% of the total number of serious accidents and 33% of the total number of fatal accidents.

These results must be a source of research and of looking for ways, alternatives or techniques that try to fight, directly, against this type of accident. To do this, the situation and ways of executing certain activities are analyzed, and the activity of "sloping of slopes" is identified as remarkable, since it is a habitual activity in infrastructure works, but, nevertheless, it continues, today, it continues without have a usual and / or common execution technique, adapted, in any case, to the requirements set out by the aforementioned Law 31/1995 when the slope of the slope is <60 °. For these slopes, those of inclination <60 ° the usual , which is usually seen in the works, is that the workers carry out the work by rappelling down the slope, the risk of falling to a different level being the main guest of this activity, adding, in addition, other factors to be taken into account, such as overexertion of the work itself and inappropriate postures that could cause serious joint problems, resulting in these risks, the main and predominant causes of work accidents for the activity of "embossing of slopes des ”.

However, today, there is no technique that looks after the working conditions, in its broad sense, of the workers who carry out this activity; being prevented, preventive management, to reduce the risk of falls at different levels through access techniques and positioning by ropes and, in the best case, when the slopes are more inclined (> 60 °), to the use of lifting platforms mobile for people.

In this sense, therefore, the need arises to improve working conditions in the activity of "encachado" of slopes, where, in addition to safety, avoiding accidents due to falls at different levels, it must be generated, as an essential condition, ensure the health of workers.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

To combat workplace accidents and improve working conditions, the project is committed to the development of an auxiliary means, based on a meccano capable of adapting to the slope, of 60 ° or less inclination, and that allows working from a work surface horizontal. Media needs to be installed and uninstalled easily so that, as the activity progresses, it allows adapting to different length needs. On the other hand, in order to avoid overturning of the auxiliary means, the longitudinal stringers have, in the middle of their length, an anchorage point so that the structure is interconnected to the ground.

The process of execution of the activity, carried out the previous tasks, consists of the spread of concrete and subsequent placement of the stone boats. These activities are generally initiated by crowning the slope down towards the foot of the slope, in order to take advantage of the force of gravity during the construction process.

For this, the auxiliary means is made up of longitudinal stringers, which rest on the slope itself, on which the horizontal platforms are supported or located, and it will be on these, on the platforms, where the workers will be located to carry out the activities indicated in the previous paragraph.

The proposal uses an auxiliary means adapted to the slope of the slope, made of aluminum and / or Q245 steel (those parts that must withstand greater resistance, such as: connections and connecting elements); trying to reduce the weight of the elements and improve the assembly and disassembly process, but also, reducing, in any case, the fatigue of the workers and the time of the assembly and disassembly processes.

For this, it is proposed that the auxiliary means have a continuous auxiliary base, which is located at the base of the slope, on a firm, stable surface and with an inclination perpendicular to the slope of the slope, and from this base the assembly process would begin . The base has a tongue and groove connection system (male profile), and its two connectors are fixed 3.50 meters apart, in which the first two spars are embedded; being the key to the general stabilization of the equipment and to mark, from the start, the distance that you want to maintain throughout the installation.

Each module is made up of two lateral stringers, 1.50 meters in free length (plus 0.05 meters, at each end, with a tongue and groove connection), which house two work platforms; the first one located 0.70 meters from the base, and the next one 0.70 meters from the lower platform, and on which, on this upper one, a step of 0.30 meters rests, on the far left; facilitating the transit to the upper platform of the next module. In order to guarantee that the module is fixed to the slope, a hole is placed, crossing the spar, at a point defined at 1.10 meters from the lower end, so that the steel bar passes through the spar and serves as a connector between the auxiliary means and the slope.

So that the work platforms are horizontal, during the work phase, and taking into account that the auxiliary means optimizes its use in a range of inclination between 60 ° and 45 °, with respect to the horizontal, a platform of 0 is dimensioned, 25 meters wide and 3.45 meters long, which is connected to the stringers by a hook, at its outer end, and with guide pins at the inner end of the connection area. Given the need to adapt to the angle of inclination of the slope, it is proposed, in each connection area of the spar, to have a multiple connection surface, with 3 columns for pins, to couple the spar to the platform in at least 2 different connection points to the hook anchor. In this way, it is intended to reach an angle of inclination of 45 ° to 60 °, for which a maximum of 0.10 meters of separation is set between more distant pins of the same column, that is, a separation of 2 cm. between pins of the 5 that make up the innermost column; complemented by a central column, next to the inner column, with 4 pins. Both interior columns generate the ability to generate the necessary combination to encompass the indicated 45 ° to 60 ° tilt angle.

The auxiliary means is designed to support a minimum load capacity of 2 people. In terms of occupational risk prevention, it is worth noting the stabilization that is carried out in the auxiliary environment, by consolidating it to the slope, with the fixing of the base and the intermediate connection to the slope, and we must also highlight the connecting hooks, being an essential piece to avoid falls at different levels; parts, the hooks, which are located on the outer edge of the work platform, to which the carabiner of the safety harness can be anchored or the lifeline can be installed. In this way, it is avoided to place independent lifelines to the auxiliary means, with the corresponding costs and times added to the final execution process of the activity.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The auxiliary means, object of the present utility model, allows the creation of a horizontal work surface, in which the workers can place themselves, to carry out the work of encachado of slopes and aims to offer solutions in the field of prevention of occupational hazards and adapt to the legal requirements provided in the prevention regulations, and in improving working conditions; highlighting the following favorable aspects:

a- An auxiliary system made up of modules, which allows adapting to any length or height of the slope, and to the evolutionary process of the encachado execution.

b- A continuous base that offers, initially, an initial stabilization of the system and, in addition, marks the width of the platform to be maintained throughout the length of the auxiliary means.

c- Adjustable or multi-position work platforms, which create horizontal work surfaces; avoiding inappropriate body postures during the development of the activity.

d- Anchorage points, for the use of the safety harness, fixed and stable, in the auxiliary means itself; avoiding falls at different levels. The overturning and sliding of the system is considered improbable due to its adaptation to the slope, the underlying support and that of the modules. e- Use of a supplementary step, to facilitate workers transit between work platforms of different modules.

f- Emergency anchorage points, in the event of a hypothetical evacuation by means of a rescue stretcher, located in each of the forks of the bolt for securing the beams.

Regarding the figures that accompany the end, highlight the following:

Figure 1 corresponds to an elevation view, which shows the configuration that the auxiliary means would have, and, in addition, represents where the work platforms are located with respect to the spars, the location of the anchor points, of the spar , to the slope, and the anchorage areas, on the work platforms, for the placement of the lifeline or connector element of the safety harness.

Figure 2 represents a plan view, in which, for graphic saving and to avoid de-figuring the figure, it defines: a full-width platform and non-slip floor (rough sheet metal); the width of the stringers, slightly greater than that of the platform to absorb possible irregularities in the slope; the anchorage of the stringers to the slope, through a steel bar; and on the far left, the representation, coming from the lower level, of the complementary step that facilitates access to the platform from the top view. The life line anchors and / or safety harness are also shown at the lower end (outside if located on the slope).

Figure 3 identifies a profile view where the angle of inclination of the auxiliary means is represented (60 ° and 45 °), together with the anchorages to the slope; converted, the anchorages to the slope, in turn, in emergency points before a possible evacuation of possible accidents. The position of the complementary step that facilitates access between platforms is also outlined.

Figure 4 is a perspective 3D view of the auxiliary means, where dimensions and shapes of the main elements are represented, such as the base, the stringers and the platforms. Also included are the complementary steps, their location and shapes, the points of anchorage to the slope and those of the lifeline and / or safety harness.

Figure 5 shows a detailed 3D view of the platform, identifies the upper face of the non-slip surface platform, at the ends the external hook-type anchors for connection to the stringers are positioned, and on the outer edge the points of connection for the placement of the lifeline and / or safety harness.

Figure 6 represents a 3D view of the spar, its tongue and groove upper and lower end connections, the slope anchor point and the "hook" type connections (exterior of the spar) and multiple connection for "pins".

Figure 7 shows the detail of the smallest and most representative parts of this invention.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

The auxiliary means described in this document, object of the invention, called “Recumbent scaffold” starts from being installed supported on the slope where the “encachado” is to be executed; as can be seen in the commented figures. In the lower base of the slope, the continuous base of the auxiliary means is located; This should be a firm, stable surface with an inclination perpendicular to the slope of the slope, and from this base the assembly process would begin. The base has a tongue and groove connection system, and its two connectors are fixed 3.50 meters apart to stuff the first two stringers; being key to the general stabilization of the equipment and to mark, from the start, the distance to be maintained throughout the length of the auxiliary means.

Figure 1 shows the inclined auxiliary means, made up of a continuous base (3) from which the end stringers (2) with a tongue and groove connection system (4) rest. The beams are fixed to the slope by means of steel bars (8), through their holes or connections (6) located 1.10 meters away from the bottom base of each beam. The working platforms (1) are supported at 0.70 meters and 1.40 meters from the length of the spar (starting from the lower end), and at the outer end three connecting hooks (7) are located, separated from each other 1, 50 meters, to which the carabiner of the safety harness can be anchored or the lifeline can be installed. At the left end of the work platforms, the pairs, starting from the bottom, that is, the one immediately below the tongue and groove connectors of the stringers, are located the complementary step (5), 0.30 meters long and 0, 25 meters wide surface, which facilitates access to the upper platform.

Figure 2 represents the work platform (1), with a rough surface, 0.25 meters wide and 3.45 meters long. On the left side, from the lower level, the complementary step (5) is shown that facilitates access to the viewing platform. Also shown at the bottom of the work platform are the anchors (7) of the lifeline and / or safety harness. At the left and right ends, the anchorage of the spars to the slope is identified (2), through a steel bar (8) that goes through the spars, next to the fork or emergency anchorage (13).

Figure 3 and taking into account that the auxiliary means optimizes its use in a sphere of inclination between 60 ° (15) and 46 ° (15), with respect to the horizontal, a continuous base, adapted to the slope of the slope (3), so that the work platforms remain in a horizontal position (5). The beams are connected to the slope by means of steel bars (8) embedded in the slope.

Figure 4 represents a 3D image, similar to Figure 1, consisting of: a continuous base (3); the end rails (2) with tongue and groove connection system (4); the steel bars (8) embedded in the holes or connections (6) of the stringers; the work platforms (1) and the three connecting hooks (7) as a means of preventing occupational hazards; and the complementary steps (5).

Figure 5 shows a detailed 3D view of the platform (1), in which, at its ends, the external "hook-type" anchors (9) and the holes (13) for the multiple connection located on the beams are positioned , and on the outer edge the connection points for the placement of the lifeline and / or safety harness (7).

Figure 6 represents a 3D view of the type stringer (2); its upper (4) and lower (10) tongue and groove end connections; the point of anchorage to the slope (6) and the connections type "hook" (9) -exterior of the spar-, and its connector on the spar (12) and the multiple connection surface type "pins" (11).

Figure 7 shows the detail of the smallest and most representative parts of this invention, such as the multiple "pin" type connection surface (11), the connection hook (9) integrated in the work platform, the holes or connections ( 6) located on the side member, and the steel bars (8) embedded in the holes and on the slope, with the emergency fork (14) and located at the lower end.

Claims (1)

1. The auxiliary means called "Auxiliary means for the encachado of slopes: the recumbent scaffold", object of this registration, is characterized by: a- An auxiliary system made up of prefabricated modules, made up of materials such as aluminum and / or Q245 steel (for the parts that have to withstand greater resistance such as: connections and connecting elements), in which the tongue and groove connection system prevails; facilitating the assembly and disassembly of the auxiliary means. b- An auxiliary system that allows to achieve, with the superposition of modules and the tongue and groove connection system, an unlimited mounting height of the auxiliary means and without dependence on any other equipment or auxiliary means. c- A running auxiliary aluminum base, located as the lower base of the modules, with dimensions between 3.80 and 4.00 meters long (preferably 3.80 meters) and between 0.30 and 0.50 meters width (preferably 0.30 meters), and connectors, for the insertion of the elements that make up the modules, located 3.50 meters apart, and connection system, with the rest of the structural elements, of the "tongue and groove" type (male profile ). d- Aluminum work platforms, supported on the end rails, adjustable or multi-position, to create horizontal work surfaces, through a connection system with Q245 steel hook (exterior) and guide pins (interior). The platform width is dimensioned between 0.30 and 0.50 meters (preferably 0.30 meters). e- Connecting hooks (Q245 steel), located on the outer edge of each of the work platforms, equidistant from each other a distance of 1.50 meters. f- Anchorage points (Q245 steel), for the connection of the safety harness, located in the forks of the steel bars that hold the auxiliary means (through the spars) to the slope. Allowing such anchorages to be used in the event of an evacuation, of injured workers, with a rescue stretcher. g- Use of aluminum steps, anchored to the platform on which it is supported, to facilitate the transit between modules. Sized between 0.30 and 0.50 meters long (preferably 0.30 meters) and 0.25 meters wide.