ES1286811U - wind turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

Wind turbine consisting of a horizontal axis wind turbine designed to be activated with low intensity winds, characterized by a support base (1) for installation suspension and its solidarization with the terrain, a column (2) or vertical hollow fuste for Gain height on the ground, a head (3), rotating rested on a bearing (3.1) endowed with a zipper (32), perimeter, an ASPA (4), in the form of rectangular bowl with a main axis (5), horizontal, a vertical axis (8), housed inside the column (2) a generator axis (10) and a generator (11) of electric current located in the support base (1) performing the joints between axes using games of Toothed wheels (9). The wind turbine additionally counts with a vane (6), with a positioning motor (7) equipped with a pinion (7.1) that gears with the rack (3.2), with an electric brake (13) and with an auxiliary start motor (14). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

wind turbine

Technical object of the invention

The present invention relates to a wind turbine characterized by having a rectangular bowl-type propeller. This design allows taking advantage of moments in which the wind blows with little intensity during which known wind turbines stop. A small vane combined with a motor guides the blade in the most appropriate direction at any given time. The movement of the blade is transmitted inside the support column through a shaft that drives the main generator. A speed regulator maintains the speed of the device to obtain a constant value voltage at the generator output.

Sector of the technique to which the invention refers

The invention that is presented affects the Mechanics Section of the International Patent Classification (IPC), chapter on Motors and Pumps in the section concerning Wind or Hydraulic Motors, affecting from the industrial point of view, in the manufacture of generators special ones that take advantage of renewable energies.

Background of the invention

A large number of horizontal and vertical axis wind turbines with different engine technologies and rotor and blade types are known. As for those with vertical axis, there are several antecedents with one or more rotors, height-adjustable blade rotor, blades with optimized orientation, blades with variable structure, multiplier devices, equipment with permanent magnets, start-up regulators with light winds and many others. others.

The same can be said of those with a horizontal axis, which today are the most widespread in wind power generation plants with highly developed technology despite being large and in some cases, the object of criticism by environmentalists who oppose visual deterioration of the natural landscape.

However, devices based on horizontal axis wind turbines with cup blades have not been developed as conceived by the inventor of the present proposal, which constitutes a novelty in this field with the corresponding advantages over existing wind turbines, especially those related to the operation with low intensity winds.

Summary description of the invention

As indicated at the beginning of the document, the invention refers to a horizontal axis wind turbine designed to work, like any other, with normal intensity winds but also with low intensity ones.

Its main characteristic is that of being equipped with a blade in the form of a rectangular cup whose preferred approximate dimensions, according to previous calculations made by the inventor, are indicated in this document, although others that maintain due proportionality are not ruled out. Like traditional wind turbines, it consists of:

- support base

- vertical hollow column

- top swivel head

- control vane

- head positioning motor

- transmission assembly

- generator

- speed regulator

The support base is the one that strongly supports the ground to resist the important effects of the wind.

The vertical hollow column or shaft of the wind turbine is the one that joins the support base with the upper head. It must have a significant height so that the wind hits the blade of the head without any obstacle being in the way. Being hollow, it is used to house, in addition to the transmission assembly, the access stairs to the upper part and a compartment for the general control elements.

The upper rotating head is a fundamental component of the device as it is the one that integrates the wind current capture blade, being rotatable to orient itself in the most convenient direction depending on the angle of incidence of the wind.

The control vane is the one that orients itself in the direction of the wind. Two embodiments are considered. The simplest is a large weather vane, attached to the head, which drags it by making it turn so that it is oriented in the direction of the wind.

Another, more complete, embodiment is a small vane indicating the direction of the wind that transmits orders to a positioning motor, which is what moves the rotating head to optimize its orientation.

The transmission assembly, with its shafts and gears, acts as a means of transmitting wind energy, captured by the blade, to the base of the wind turbine shaft where the main generator is installed.

Finally, the wind turbine has a speed regulation device that performs this function, preventing the blade from running away in case of high intensity winds.

In the section of drawings that is included below, as an inseparable part of the document, the solution conceived by the inventor is schematically shown without prejudice to the possibility of introducing small modifications that do not alter the essence of the invention.

Brief description of the drawings

Three figures are included, which are considered sufficient for the correct interpretation of the invention.

Figure 1

This figure shows, schematically, a side view of the wind turbine, having indicated the following elements:

1. - Base support

2. - Column

3. - Head

3.1. - Bearing

3.2. - zipper

4. - Cross

5. - Main shaft

6. - Weather Vane

7. - Positioning motor

7.1.- Pinion

8. - Vertical axis

9. - Toothed wheel

10. - Generator shaft

11. - Generator

12. - Brake shaft

13. - Electric brake

14. - Starting auxiliary motor

Figures 2, 3 and 4

The side (Fig.2), top (Fig.3) and front (Fig.4) views of the wind turbine blade are shown.

15.- Depth “P’

16.- Width “A”

17.- Length “L”

Figure 5

A top view of the head, blade and vane is schematically represented to indicate the optimum operating angle.

18. - Vector weather vane

19. - Vector cross

20. - Operating angle “P”

Detailed explanation of an embodiment of the invention

Wind turbine, consisting of a horizontal axis wind turbine designed to activate with low intensity winds, which in an embodiment preferred by its inventor consists of a support base (1) to support the installation and its solidarity with the ground, a column (2) or vertical hollow shaft to gain height above the ground, a head (3), rotating supported on a bearing (3.1) equipped with a rack (3.2), perimeter, a blade (4), in the form of a rectangular cup with a main axis (5), horizontal, which is inserted in the head (3) and is connected, by means of toothed wheels (9), with a vertical axis (8), housed inside the column (2), transmitting the movement to the axis of the generator (10), by means of another set of toothed wheels (9) ending the transmission in the electric current generator (11) located in the support base (1).

The wind turbine (1) also has a vane (6) and a positioning motor (7) in the upper part, as well as an electric brake (13) and an auxiliary starting motor (14), in the lower part. lower part, both connected, by means of sets of toothed wheels (9), to the vertical axis (8).

These components are represented in (Fig.1), which represents the schematic arrangement of the assembly, where it can be seen that the movement of the blade (4), activated by the wind, is transmitted to the generator (11), thus achieving the objective main part of the invention as it happens in the usual generators.

A basic element of the invention is the blade (4) which has the shape of a rectangular cup with special measurements according to the inventor's design. In (Figs.2, 3 and 4) the three orthogonal views of the blade (4) are represented where the depth “P” (15), the width “A” (16) and the length “L” (17) are specified. These dimensions have been projected so that they are related to each other starting from the initial depth dimension “P” (15) as follows: If “P” = X, “A” = 4X and “L ” = 10X.

According to this definition, a model is proposed in which “P” = 2m; “A” = 8m and “L” = 20m.

Referring again to (Fig.1) it can be seen that the head (3) can rotate on the bearing (3.1) as a result of being driven by the positioning motor (7) whose pinion (7.1) meshes with the rack (3.2) . The positioning motor (7) is electronically controlled by the vane (6) in such a way that the direction of the wind, indicated by the position of the vane (6), governs the position of the head (3) which, in turn, turn, defines the orientation of the blade (4). In this way, the wind turbine works by making the most of the intensity of the wind.

In the event that said intensity is sufficient to generate electrical energy in the generator (11) but does not cause the wind turbine to start, there is an auxiliary starting motor (14) that can be connected at will by the operator in charge with the vertical axis (8).

If, on the other hand, the intensity of the wind is too high and can cause the assembly to run away, there is an electric brake (13) and an automatic speed regulator that maintains the rotational speed of the generator (11) between the margins previously set. defined to achieve a constant voltage at the output.

In (Fig.5) the optimum position programmed by the control device is outlined according to which the direction of the vane vector (18), coinciding with that of the wind, determines the orientation of the blade vector (19) so that both directions (wind and blade) form an operating angle "P" (20).

The inventor conceives a second embodiment according to which a large vane is installed on the wind turbine, integral with the head (3) with the condition that the blade and vane form the same operating angle "P" (20). aforesaid.

It is not considered necessary to make the content of this description more extensive so that a person skilled in the art can understand the scope and advantages derived from the invention, as well as develop and put into practice the object of the same. However, it should be understood that the invention has been described according to a preferred embodiment of the same, so it may be subject to modifications provided that this does not affect or imply any alteration of the foundation of said invention. In other words, the terms in which this preferred description of the invention has been set forth should always be taken broadly and not limitingly.

Claims (4)

1. Wind turbine consisting of a horizontal axis wind turbine designed to be activated with low intensity winds, characterized by comprising a support base (1) to support the installation and its solidarity with the ground, a column (2) or vertical hollow shaft for gain height above the ground, a head (3), rotating supported on a bearing (3.1) equipped with a rack (3.2), perimeter, a blade (4), in the shape of a rectangular cup with a main axis (5), horizontal , a vertical shaft (8), housed inside the column (2), a generator shaft (10) and an electric current generator (11) located on the support base (1), with the joints between shafts being made by means of sets of toothed wheels (9). The wind turbine also has a vane (6), a positioning motor (7) equipped with a pinion (7.1) that meshes with the rack (3.2), an electric brake (13) and an auxiliary starting motor (14). ). 2. Wind turbine, according to the first claim, characterized by having the dimensions of the blade (4), depth "P" (15), width "A" (16) and length "L" (17) related to each other in such a way that if “P” = X, “A” = 4X and “L” = 10X. Wind turbine, according to the first claim, characterized in that the vane vector (18), which coincides with the orientation of the plane of the vane (6) and the blade vector (19), which coincides with the orientation of the plane of the blade (4 ), form an operating angle “P” (20) defined by the project. 4. Wind turbine, according to the first claim, characterized by having a vane integral with the head (3).