ES2087751T3 - Aceites de base con elevado indice de viscosidad y comportamiento en frio mejorado. - Google Patents
Aceites de base con elevado indice de viscosidad y comportamiento en frio mejorado.Info
- Publication number
- ES2087751T3 ES2087751T3 ES93915753T ES93915753T ES2087751T3 ES 2087751 T3 ES2087751 T3 ES 2087751T3 ES 93915753 T ES93915753 T ES 93915753T ES 93915753 T ES93915753 T ES 93915753T ES 2087751 T3 ES2087751 T3 ES 2087751T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- pct
- high viscosity
- viscosity index
- aliphatic
- base oils
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- -1 aromatic dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- HOSGXJWQVBHGLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1h-quinolin-2-one Chemical group N1C(=O)CCC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 HOSGXJWQVBHGLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001279 adipic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/42—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and hydroxy carboxylic acids
- C10M105/44—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and hydroxy carboxylic acids derived from the combination of monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/42—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and hydroxy carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/30—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/30—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids
- C10M2207/302—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids derived from the combination of monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/06—Instruments or other precision apparatus, e.g. damping fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/251—Alcohol-fuelled engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
- C10N2040/28—Rotary engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/50—Medical uses
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
EL OBJETO DE LA PRESENTE INVENCION SON ACEITES BASICOS CON ALTO INDICE DE VISCOSIDAD Y COMPORTAMIENTO EN FRIO MEJORADO, QUE CONTIENEN ESTER COMPLEJO Y ESTER DE ACIDO ADIPINICO DE ALCOHOLES MONOFUNCIONALES NO RAMIFICADOS, ASI COMO UN PROCESO PARA LA ELABORACION DE ALCOHOLES BASICOS DE ESTE TIPO Y SU UTILIZACION COMO ACEITES HIDRAULICOS, ACEITES DE COMPRESORES Y DE MOTORES.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4222341A DE4222341A1 (de) | 1992-07-08 | 1992-07-08 | Grundöle mit hohem Viskositätsindex und verbessertem Kälteverhalten |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2087751T3 true ES2087751T3 (es) | 1996-07-16 |
Family
ID=6462709
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES93915753T Expired - Lifetime ES2087751T3 (es) | 1992-07-08 | 1993-06-30 | Aceites de base con elevado indice de viscosidad y comportamiento en frio mejorado. |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5503762A (es) |
| EP (1) | EP0649457B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JPH07508783A (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE138681T1 (es) |
| DE (2) | DE4222341A1 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2087751T3 (es) |
| WO (1) | WO1994001516A1 (es) |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0727454A3 (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 1998-12-09 | Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. | Oil-soluble polyester, additive for lubricating oil, and lubricating oil composition |
| CN1069918C (zh) * | 1995-08-22 | 2001-08-22 | 亨凯尔公司 | 无烟雾的二冲程发动机润滑剂 |
| CA2250964C (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 2004-09-14 | Thomas Friedrich Bunemann | Hydraulic fluids |
| US5922658A (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 1999-07-13 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Two-cycle engine oil formed from a blend of a complex alcohol ester and other basestocks |
| US5942475A (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 1999-08-24 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Engine oil lubricants formed from complex alcohol esters |
| ATE246239T1 (de) * | 1997-10-01 | 2003-08-15 | Unichema Chemie Bv | Komplexaster, diese enthaltende zusammensetzungen und ihre verwendung |
| US8183190B2 (en) * | 2003-08-20 | 2012-05-22 | Cognis Ip Management Gmbh | Complex polyol esters with improved performance |
| GB0410649D0 (en) * | 2004-05-13 | 2004-06-16 | Ici Plc | Antiwear automotive formulations |
| US20080317964A1 (en) * | 2005-02-10 | 2008-12-25 | Rocco Vincent Burgo | High Temperature Lubricant Compositions and Methods of Making the Same |
| DE102006027602A1 (de) * | 2006-06-13 | 2007-12-20 | Cognis Ip Management Gmbh | Schmierstoffzusammensetzungen enthaltend Komplexester |
| GB0822256D0 (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2009-01-14 | Croda Int Plc | Gear oil additive |
| BRPI0900280A2 (pt) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-10-26 | Promax Produtos Maximos S A | composição de fluido lubrificante ecológico, biodegradável e anticongelante para sistemas hidráulicos |
| US20100216678A1 (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-08-26 | Abhimanyu Onkar Patil | Lubricant compositions containing glycerol tri-esters |
| JP5489838B2 (ja) * | 2010-04-22 | 2014-05-14 | コスモ石油ルブリカンツ株式会社 | 工業用作動油組成物 |
| CN105452327B (zh) * | 2013-07-31 | 2017-06-06 | 富士胶片株式会社 | 复合聚酯组合物、润滑剂组合物、润滑剂及复合聚酯组合物的制造方法 |
| WO2015040937A1 (ja) | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-26 | 株式会社Moresco | 含エーテルモノエステル化合物およびその利用 |
| US10208269B2 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2019-02-19 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Low viscosity ester lubricant and method for using |
| JP6748519B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-15 | 2020-09-02 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | 粘度指数向上剤組成物及び潤滑油組成物 |
| EP3255128B1 (de) | 2016-06-08 | 2021-12-01 | Peter Greven GmbH & Co. KG | Komplexester und ihre verwendung |
| US10336958B2 (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2019-07-02 | Resinate Materials Group, Inc. | Sustainable base oils for lubricants |
| EP3766947B1 (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2024-08-28 | Oleon N.V. | Low pour point derivatives of dimer fatty acids |
| WO2025056363A1 (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2025-03-20 | Basf Se | Biodegradable hydraulic fluid based on linear and branched carboxylic acid complex ester |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2499983A (en) * | 1948-12-16 | 1950-03-07 | Rohm & Haas | Polyester lubricants |
| US2588194A (en) * | 1950-12-22 | 1952-03-04 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Synthetic lubricant |
| US3016353A (en) * | 1954-12-15 | 1962-01-09 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Ester type synthetic lubricants |
| BE545735A (es) * | 1955-03-04 | |||
| US2944973A (en) * | 1955-11-14 | 1960-07-12 | Union Carbide Corp | Di-ester fluids with improved water tolerance |
| US3000917A (en) * | 1957-03-15 | 1961-09-19 | Drew & Co Inc E F | Linear mixed ester lubricants |
| US3048608A (en) * | 1959-03-18 | 1962-08-07 | Heyden Newport Chemical Corp | Neopentyl glycol esters |
| US3047504A (en) * | 1959-12-31 | 1962-07-31 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for treating complex esters to improve viscosity stability |
| US3223636A (en) * | 1961-05-23 | 1965-12-14 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Lead corrosion inhibitor |
| DE1594423A1 (de) * | 1964-02-11 | 1969-10-02 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Schmieroel |
| US3778454A (en) * | 1970-02-18 | 1973-12-11 | Ethyl Corp | Complex ester |
| SU464127A3 (ru) * | 1972-03-31 | 1975-03-15 | Стауффер Кемикал Компани (Фирма) | Смазочный материал дл газотурбинных двигателей |
| DE2262266C2 (de) * | 1972-12-20 | 1982-04-01 | Neynaber Chemie Gmbh, 2854 Loxstedt | Verwendung eines Estergemisches als Gleitmittel für die formgebende Verarbeitung thermoplastischer Massen |
| GB1460665A (en) * | 1974-02-11 | 1977-01-06 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Transmission device |
| FR2307867A1 (fr) * | 1975-04-16 | 1976-11-12 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Nouvelles compositions d'esters complexes et leur utilisation comme constituants de bases lubrifiantes |
| DE2551173C2 (de) * | 1975-11-14 | 1985-09-12 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Neutrale Komplexester |
| US4113642A (en) * | 1976-11-11 | 1978-09-12 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | High viscosity neutral polyester lubricants |
| DE3635490A1 (de) * | 1986-10-18 | 1988-04-21 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von polycarbonsaeureestern in voll- oder teilsynthetischen schmiermitteln und schmiermittel, die diese ester enthalten |
| JP2801703B2 (ja) * | 1989-09-01 | 1998-09-21 | 花王株式会社 | 冷凍機油 |
| DE69129637T2 (de) * | 1990-01-31 | 1998-12-17 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc., Linden, N.J. | Ester als Schmiermittel für Haloalkangefriermittel |
-
1992
- 1992-07-08 DE DE4222341A patent/DE4222341A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-06-30 DE DE59302760T patent/DE59302760D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-06-30 AT AT93915753T patent/ATE138681T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-30 WO PCT/EP1993/001686 patent/WO1994001516A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1993-06-30 ES ES93915753T patent/ES2087751T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-30 EP EP93915753A patent/EP0649457B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-30 US US08/367,197 patent/US5503762A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-06-30 JP JP6502904A patent/JPH07508783A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1994001516A1 (de) | 1994-01-20 |
| ATE138681T1 (de) | 1996-06-15 |
| EP0649457B1 (de) | 1996-05-29 |
| US5503762A (en) | 1996-04-02 |
| JPH07508783A (ja) | 1995-09-28 |
| DE59302760D1 (de) | 1996-07-04 |
| DE4222341A1 (de) | 1994-01-13 |
| EP0649457A1 (de) | 1995-04-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FG2A | Definitive protection |
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