ES2102633T3 - Procedimiento para mejorar el grado de blancura, la claridad y el punto de coloracion de cargas de relleno y de pigmentos. - Google Patents

Procedimiento para mejorar el grado de blancura, la claridad y el punto de coloracion de cargas de relleno y de pigmentos.

Info

Publication number
ES2102633T3
ES2102633T3 ES93810633T ES93810633T ES2102633T3 ES 2102633 T3 ES2102633 T3 ES 2102633T3 ES 93810633 T ES93810633 T ES 93810633T ES 93810633 T ES93810633 T ES 93810633T ES 2102633 T3 ES2102633 T3 ES 2102633T3
Authority
ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
pigments
degree
improve
whiteness
clarity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
ES93810633T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Raven Axel Dr Von
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novartis AG
BASF Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Ciba Geigy AG
Ciba Spezialitaetenchemie Holding AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ciba Geigy AG, Ciba Spezialitaetenchemie Holding AG filed Critical Ciba Geigy AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2102633T3 publication Critical patent/ES2102633T3/es
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
    • D21H19/38—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments
    • D21H19/42—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments at least partly organic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/14—Colouring matters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
    • C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0091—Complexes with metal-heteroatom-bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C08K5/41—Compounds containing sulfur bound to oxygen
    • C08K5/42—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
    • C09C3/08—Treatment with low-molecular-weight non-polymer organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D17/00—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints
    • C09D17/004—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints containing an inorganic pigment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/41—Organic pigments; Organic dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/30—Luminescent or fluorescent substances, e.g. for optical bleaching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/02—Ingredients treated with inorganic substances

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

ADITIVOS DE COMPUESTOS FOTOSENSIBLES DE MATERIAL DE RELLENO INORGANICO Y PIGMENTOS PARA MEJORAR EL GRADO DE BLANCURA, LUMINOSIDAD Y LUGAR DE COLORACION ASI COMO MATERIAL DE RELLENO OBTENIDO, PIGMENTOS, SUS MEZCLAS Y SUS APLICACIONES EN LA PRODUCCION DE PAPEL.
ES93810633T 1992-09-14 1993-09-06 Procedimiento para mejorar el grado de blancura, la claridad y el punto de coloracion de cargas de relleno y de pigmentos. Expired - Lifetime ES2102633T3 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4230656A DE4230656A1 (de) 1992-09-14 1992-09-14 Verfahren zur Verbesserung von Weissgrad, Helligkeit und Farbort von Füllstoffen und Pigmenten

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ES2102633T3 true ES2102633T3 (es) 1997-08-01

Family

ID=6467878

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ES93810633T Expired - Lifetime ES2102633T3 (es) 1992-09-14 1993-09-06 Procedimiento para mejorar el grado de blancura, la claridad y el punto de coloracion de cargas de relleno y de pigmentos.

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5846382A (es)
EP (1) EP0588768B1 (es)
JP (1) JPH06212093A (es)
AT (1) ATE152756T1 (es)
AU (1) AU665110B2 (es)
BR (1) BR9303778A (es)
CA (1) CA2105921A1 (es)
DE (2) DE4230656A1 (es)
ES (1) ES2102633T3 (es)
FI (1) FI933992A7 (es)
MX (1) MX9305599A (es)

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2712894B1 (fr) * 1993-11-25 1995-12-29 Pechiney Aluminium Zéolite A à blancheur contrôlée, procédé de fabrication et application.
AU2839495A (en) * 1994-08-12 1996-02-22 Rohm And Haas Company A method of reducing yellowness in coating compositions
CA2250823C (en) 1996-04-01 2006-01-03 Gatsometer B.V. Method and apparatus for determining the speed and location of a vehicle
NZ331438A (en) 1997-09-16 2000-01-28 Ciba Sc Holding Ag A method of increasing the whiteness of paper by using a formulation containing a swellale layered silicate and an optical brightener 4,4-bis-(triazinylamino)-stilbene-2,2-disulphonic acid
EP0905317B1 (en) * 1997-09-16 2009-12-23 Basf Se A method for optically brightening paper
AU3094899A (en) * 1999-03-05 2000-09-21 Case Western Reserve University A composition comprising a photo-oxidising agent and uses of the agent
DE19916078A1 (de) * 1999-04-09 2000-10-12 Jorax Labor Fuer Chemische Und Verfahren zur Verbesserung von Weißgrad, Helligkeit und Farbort von Faserstoffen, von anorganischen Füllstoffen und Pigmenten sowie von Bindemitteln für die Papierherstellung
DE19945580C5 (de) * 1999-09-23 2007-03-15 Stora Enso Publication Paper Gmbh & Co. Kg Gestrichenes, optisch aufgehelltes Druckpapier und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
US6685908B1 (en) 2000-03-06 2004-02-03 3P Technologies Ltd. Precipitated aragonite and a process for producing it
US20030213937A1 (en) * 2001-02-22 2003-11-20 Isaac Yaniv Precipitated aragonite and a process for producing it
US20030161894A1 (en) * 2001-09-05 2003-08-28 3P Technologies Ltd. Precipitated aragonite and a process for producing it
US6379452B1 (en) 2000-03-23 2002-04-30 Thiele Kaolin Company Calcined kaolin clay pigments having improved color and process for the manufacture thereof
US20040109811A1 (en) * 2001-02-13 2004-06-10 Mortimer Mark Daniel Process for reductive bleaching of alkaline earth metal carbonates
US7105139B2 (en) * 2002-04-25 2006-09-12 Imerys Pigments, Inc. Stabilization of the viscosity of formamidine sulfinic acid bleached calcium carbonate slurries
US20060185805A1 (en) * 2003-08-06 2006-08-24 Peter Rohringer Composition for the fluorescent whitening of paper
ATE541016T1 (de) * 2005-02-08 2012-01-15 New Jersey Tech Inst Funktionelle beschichtungszusammensetzungen von perfluoralkylperfluorphthalocyanin-verbindungen
WO2007112013A2 (en) 2006-03-24 2007-10-04 Newpage Wisconsin System Inc. Paper and coating medium for multifunctional printing
JP2009238771A (ja) * 2008-03-25 2009-10-15 Taiyo Ink Mfg Ltd 白色硬化性樹脂組成物及びその硬化物からなる絶縁層を有するプリント配線板
JP5698748B2 (ja) 2009-08-12 2015-04-08 ニューページ コーポレーション インクジェット記録媒体
KR101694721B1 (ko) * 2009-08-31 2017-01-10 뉴페이지 코포레이션 잉크젯 기록 매체
BR112013014759B1 (pt) 2010-12-15 2021-06-22 Verso Paper Holding Llc Meios de gravação com jato de tinta
WO2012112745A2 (en) 2011-02-18 2012-08-23 Newpage Corporation Glossy recording medium for inkjet printing
JP4866969B2 (ja) * 2011-03-18 2012-02-01 太陽ホールディングス株式会社 白色ソルダーレジスト組成物及びその硬化物からなるソルダーレジスト層を有するプリント配線板
US8821998B2 (en) 2012-04-13 2014-09-02 Newpage Corporation Recording medium for inkjet printing

Family Cites Families (40)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT32159B (de) * 1906-03-17 1908-03-10 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zum Färben der Papiermasse im Holländer.
DE658703C (de) * 1933-10-04 1938-04-09 Uddeholms Ab Verfahren zur Behandlung von Faserstoffen
CH466507A (de) * 1965-12-31 1968-12-15 Ciba Geigy Optische Aufheller enthaltende Zahnpflegemittel
US3479349A (en) * 1967-08-03 1969-11-18 Geigy Chem Corp Polysulfonated bis-s-triazinylamino-stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acids
CH554848A (de) * 1967-10-03 1974-10-15 Ciba Geigy Ag Verfahren zur herstellung neuer stilben-derivate.
CH533670A (de) * 1968-12-05 1973-02-15 Ciba Geigy Ag Optische Aufhellmittel enthaltende anorganische Weisspigmente
CH548484A (de) * 1970-08-19 1974-04-30 Sandoz Ag Aufhellpraeparat.
DE2151727A1 (de) * 1970-10-20 1972-04-27 Nasa Verfahren zur Stabilisierung von Pigmenten gegen eine Degradation durch Bestrahlung
GB1408144A (en) * 1972-06-02 1975-10-01 Procter & Gamble Ltd Bleaching process
US3960589A (en) * 1971-10-13 1976-06-01 Stanford Research Institute Stabilized pigment and method for producing the same
GB1372036A (en) * 1972-05-26 1974-10-30 Procter & Gamble Ltd Washing machine
ZA734721B (en) * 1972-07-14 1974-03-27 Procter & Gamble Detergent compositions
GB1394910A (en) * 1972-10-23 1975-05-21 Pluss Stauffer Ag Process for the optical brightening of minerals
US4033718A (en) * 1973-11-27 1977-07-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Photoactivated bleaching process
GB1537512A (en) * 1976-04-07 1978-12-29 Ass Portland Cement Method for the production of ultrafine chalk
CH632628B (de) * 1976-07-26 Ciba Geigy Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von benzofuranyl-benzimidazolen und deren verwendung als optische aufheller.
CH630127A5 (de) * 1977-03-25 1982-05-28 Ciba Geigy Ag Verfahren zum bleichen von textilien.
CA1125957A (en) * 1978-01-11 1982-06-22 Nabil Y. Sakkab Composition for combined washing and bleaching of fabrics
JPS5571760A (en) * 1978-11-25 1980-05-30 Kinoshita Kenkyusho:Kk Treatment of zinc oxide with sensitizing dye
IN153407B (es) * 1979-09-28 1984-07-14 Ciba Geigy Ag
DE2943652C2 (de) * 1979-10-29 1985-12-12 Plüss-Staufer AG, Oftringen, Aargau Mineralischer Füllstoff in Form von natürlichem Calciumcarbonat
DK153894B (da) * 1979-11-09 1988-09-19 Colgate Palmolive Co Absorberende masse omfattende cellulosefnug af forbedret farve- og engangsprodukt indeholdende denne absorberende masse
GB2082195A (en) * 1980-07-22 1982-03-03 Showa Kagaku Kogyo Kk Colour Salts and Optically Brightening Compositions Containing the Same
SU1232719A1 (ru) * 1982-02-26 1986-05-23 Ленинградская Ордена Ленина Лесотехническая Академия Им.С.М.Кирова Светостабилизатор древесной массы
CH662380A5 (de) * 1982-04-05 1987-09-30 Sandoz Ag Gefaerbte streichmassen fuer die herstellung gestrichener papiere.
FR2539424B1 (fr) * 1983-01-13 1986-11-07 Sandoz Sa Nouvelles phtalocyanines, leur preparation et leur utilisation comme colorants
DE3400161A1 (de) * 1983-01-13 1984-07-19 Sandoz-Patent-GmbH, 7850 Lörrach Phthalocyaninverbindungen, deren herstellung und verwendung
CH654121A5 (de) * 1983-03-25 1986-01-31 Ciba Geigy Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von festen photoaktivatorpraeparaten.
SE464031B (sv) * 1983-09-30 1991-02-25 Melamine Chemicals Inc Foerbaettrat foerfarande foer framstaellning av massa av ved under anvaendning av ett s-triazintillsatsmedel
JPS60130660A (ja) * 1983-12-19 1985-07-12 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd 溶融式すべり止め標示材
CH657864A5 (de) * 1984-02-17 1986-09-30 Ciba Geigy Ag Wasserloesliche phthalocyaninverbindungen und deren verwendung als photoaktivatoren.
SU1353789A1 (ru) * 1984-08-06 1987-11-23 Специальное Проектно-Конструкторско-Технологическое Бюро Министерства Местной Промышленности Гсср Способ получени минеральных пигментов на основе бентонитовой глины
CS249337B1 (en) * 1984-12-03 1987-03-12 Karel Vesely Power filler for plastics
US4661164A (en) * 1985-02-15 1987-04-28 Franklin Industries, Inc. Method of tinting a mineral filler
DE3626777A1 (de) * 1986-08-07 1988-02-11 Basf Ag Verstaerkte thermoplastische formmassen mit heller einfaerbung
GB8806016D0 (en) * 1988-03-14 1988-04-13 Danochemo As Encapsulated photoactivator dyes for detergent use
US5104722A (en) * 1989-02-22 1992-04-14 Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited Photographic support of base paper and polyolefin layers
JPH0617217B2 (ja) * 1989-02-28 1994-03-09 水澤化学工業株式会社 非晶質シリカ・アルミナ系球状粒子及びその製法
US5376288A (en) * 1989-06-21 1994-12-27 Noro Nordisk A/S Detergent additive granulate and detergent
DD292892A5 (de) * 1990-03-15 1991-08-14 Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet,De Verfahren zur herstellung von fe tief 2 o tief 3 (haematit)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0588768A2 (de) 1994-03-23
US5846382A (en) 1998-12-08
FI933992L (fi) 1994-03-15
EP0588768B1 (de) 1997-05-07
DE4230656A1 (de) 1994-03-17
FI933992A7 (fi) 1994-03-15
EP0588768A3 (en) 1994-08-10
AU665110B2 (en) 1995-12-14
CA2105921A1 (en) 1994-03-15
ATE152756T1 (de) 1997-05-15
BR9303778A (pt) 1994-03-22
JPH06212093A (ja) 1994-08-02
FI933992A0 (fi) 1993-09-10
DE59306376D1 (de) 1997-06-12
AU4731193A (en) 1994-03-24
MX9305599A (es) 1994-03-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ES2102633T3 (es) Procedimiento para mejorar el grado de blancura, la claridad y el punto de coloracion de cargas de relleno y de pigmentos.
ES2089777T3 (es) Procedimiento para la mejora del grado de blancura, la luminosidad y la posicion de color de pastas de fibras de madera.
DE3871432D1 (de) Tonpigmentsuspension und ihre herstellung.
ES2181761T3 (es) Colorantes azoicos cationicos de imidazol.
CA2110127A1 (en) Color Mixing Method for Variable Color Lighting and Variable Color Luminaire for Use with the Method
ATE101632T1 (de) Nachbehandlung von tonen mit kationischen polymeren zur herstellung von pigmenten mit hoher deckkraft.
ES2166940T3 (es) Superficie prensada revestida de diboruro.
ES2172266T3 (es) Mezclas de colorantes monoazoicos dispersados.
BR0113569A (pt) Processos para controlar o brilho de produtos de papel
ES2066300T3 (es) Deposicion de material cosmeticamente funcional sobre pigmentos y cargas.
DK0573491T3 (da) Mineraliseret kollagen
ES2096615T3 (es) Compuestos tensioactivos de triazina, procedimiento para su preparacion y su utilizacion.
ES398073A1 (es) Procedimiento para la preparacion de un pigmento blanco.
KR870002960A (ko) 색체 배합효 과재
ES2052011T3 (es) Estructura donadora de colorante con transferencia termica de colorante.
BR0101428A (pt) Processos para branquear argila de caulim, e ummineral ou outro material inorgânico, argila decaulim branqueada ou outro mineral branqueado,e, substrato de papel tendo um revestimento ouenchedor
ES2159666T3 (es) Papel con un revestimiento aplicado segun el procedimiento de estucado por colada.
ES2192271T3 (es) Tintes de tetraquisazo, su produccion y uso.
ES2104782T3 (es) Colorantes complejos de cromo 1:2 asimetricos.
FR2622592B1 (fr) Composition multicolore projetable en une operation pour revetement mural
KR890017187A (ko) 칼라 시멘트 조성물
ES2059818T3 (es) Procedimiento para la tintura del papel.
ES2153370T3 (es) Ftalocianina de modificacion gamma exenta de metal
ES2065237B1 (es) Una mezcla de colorantes dispersos.
KR880003614A (ko) 접착성 봉선화 물감 제조법

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FG2A Definitive protection

Ref document number: 588768

Country of ref document: ES