ES2130272T3 - Material adhesivo y de sellado. - Google Patents
Material adhesivo y de sellado.Info
- Publication number
- ES2130272T3 ES2130272T3 ES93913023T ES93913023T ES2130272T3 ES 2130272 T3 ES2130272 T3 ES 2130272T3 ES 93913023 T ES93913023 T ES 93913023T ES 93913023 T ES93913023 T ES 93913023T ES 2130272 T3 ES2130272 T3 ES 2130272T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- adhesive
- sealing material
- component
- room temperature
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K3/1006—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers characterised by the chemical nature of one of its constituents
- C09K3/1021—Polyurethanes or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
- C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2190/00—Compositions for sealing or packing joints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
- C09K2200/0239—Oxides, hydroxides, carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/06—Macromolecular organic compounds, e.g. prepolymers
- C09K2200/0645—Macromolecular organic compounds, e.g. prepolymers obtained otherwise than by reactions involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09K2200/0652—Polyisocyanates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
UN MATERIAL ADHESIVO Y DE ESTANQUEIDAD CONTIENE A) AL MENOS UN PREPOLIMERO REACTIVO QUE ES LIQUIDO A TEMPERATURA AMBIENTE Y B) AL MENOS UN OTRO COMPONENTE QUE ES SOLIDO A TEMPERATURA AMBIENTE, LIQUIDO A TEMPERATURAS LIGERAMENTE ELEVADAS Y AL MENOS INCOMPATIBLE PARCIALMENTE CON EL POLIMERO O LOS POLIMEROS LIQUIDOS. EL COMPONENTE B) ES LIQUIDO CON PREFERENCIA A UNA TEMPERATURA MAXIMA DE 50
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4210277A DE4210277C5 (de) | 1992-03-28 | 1992-03-28 | Kleb- und Dichtstoff und dessen Verwendung |
| PCT/EP1993/001584 WO1995000572A1 (de) | 1992-03-28 | 1993-06-21 | Kleb- und dichtstoff |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2130272T3 true ES2130272T3 (es) | 1999-07-01 |
Family
ID=25913339
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES93913023T Expired - Lifetime ES2130272T3 (es) | 1992-03-28 | 1993-06-21 | Material adhesivo y de sellado. |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5747581A (es) |
| EP (1) | EP0705290B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP3932316B2 (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE179726T1 (es) |
| CA (1) | CA2164408C (es) |
| CZ (1) | CZ289702B6 (es) |
| DE (2) | DE4210277C5 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2130272T3 (es) |
| MX (1) | MX9301714A (es) |
| NZ (1) | NZ253145A (es) |
| SK (1) | SK284192B6 (es) |
| TR (1) | TR28839A (es) |
| WO (1) | WO1995000572A1 (es) |
| ZA (1) | ZA932058B (es) |
Families Citing this family (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4210277C5 (de) * | 1992-03-28 | 2009-02-26 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Kleb- und Dichtstoff und dessen Verwendung |
| US5551197A (en) | 1993-09-30 | 1996-09-03 | Donnelly Corporation | Flush-mounted articulated/hinged window assembly |
| DE4412261C2 (de) * | 1994-04-09 | 1996-10-17 | Jonas Konrad H | Vorrichtung zum Zusammenführen wenigstens zweier Fließmedien |
| US5853895A (en) * | 1995-04-11 | 1998-12-29 | Donnelly Corporation | Bonded vehicular glass assemblies utilizing two-component urethanes, and related methods of bonding |
| US7838115B2 (en) | 1995-04-11 | 2010-11-23 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Method for manufacturing an articulatable vehicular window assembly |
| DE19730424A1 (de) | 1997-07-16 | 1999-01-21 | Henkel Teroson Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Lagern und Auspressen von fließfähigen Zusammensetzungen |
| US6429257B1 (en) | 1999-06-24 | 2002-08-06 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Polyurethane casting system and method |
| WO2002012365A2 (en) | 2000-08-07 | 2002-02-14 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | One-part moisture curable polyurethane adhesive |
| DE10130889A1 (de) * | 2001-06-27 | 2003-01-30 | Henkel Teroson Gmbh | Kleb-/ Dichtstoffe mit hohem elektrischen Widerstand |
| US6984287B2 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2006-01-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Primer composition for promoting adhesion of a urethane adhesive to a polymeric substrate |
| CN100579999C (zh) * | 2003-08-22 | 2010-01-13 | 陶氏环球技术公司 | 用于安装机动车窗的粘合剂组合物 |
| JP4960242B2 (ja) * | 2004-10-08 | 2012-06-27 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー | 低揮発性イソシアネートモノマー含有ポリウレタンプレポリマー及び接着剤システム |
| US7361292B2 (en) * | 2004-11-08 | 2008-04-22 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | High modulus, nonconductive adhesive useful for installing vehicle windows |
| SI1672161T1 (sl) | 2004-12-20 | 2009-10-31 | Gabriel Pichler | Tesnjenje stika in postopek njegove izdelave |
| DE102005031381A1 (de) * | 2005-07-05 | 2007-01-11 | Delo Industrieklebstoffe Gmbh & Co. Kg | Warmhärtende, lösungsmittelfreie Einkomponenten-Massen und ihre Verwendung |
| EP1816150A1 (en) * | 2006-02-01 | 2007-08-08 | Le Joint Francais | Reactive polyurethane hot melt sealants |
| DE102006018828A1 (de) | 2006-04-22 | 2007-10-25 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Alkoxyalkyl-substituierte cyclische Ketoenole |
| EP1873222A1 (de) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-02 | Sika Technology AG | Feuchtigkeitsreaktiver Schmelzklebstoff mit erhöhter Offenzeit |
| EP1918314A1 (de) | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-07 | Sika Technology AG | Polyurethanzusammensetzung mit guter Anfangsfestigkeit |
| DE602007010346D1 (de) * | 2006-12-21 | 2010-12-16 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Zusammensetzung, die zur verwendung als klebstoff beim einbau von fahrzeugfenstern brauchbar ist |
| JP5410993B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-02 | 2014-02-05 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー | 車両窓を設置するために有用な接着剤 |
| EP1975187A1 (de) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-01 | Sika Technology AG | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyurethanzusammensetzungen mit niedrigem Isocyanat-Monomergehalt |
| KR101572276B1 (ko) * | 2007-07-23 | 2015-11-26 | 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 | 사용 온도 범위에 걸쳐 실질적으로 일정한 g-계수를 갖는 2 부분 폴리우레탄 경화성 조성물 |
| KR101529865B1 (ko) * | 2007-11-07 | 2015-06-19 | 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 | 고도의 충전제 수준을 갖는 폴리우레탄 접착제 조성물 |
| CN102131839B (zh) * | 2008-08-22 | 2014-06-04 | 陶氏环球技术公司 | 适合于将大质量部件粘结到结构体上的粘合剂组合物 |
| US20100107497A1 (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-06 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Full view storm door |
| DE102009045861A1 (de) | 2009-10-20 | 2011-04-21 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Phasenumwandlung |
| KR101881173B1 (ko) | 2010-04-30 | 2018-07-23 | 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 | 개선된 차량 유리 접착제 및 상기 유리를 접착시키는 방법 |
| CN103370350B (zh) | 2011-02-17 | 2015-05-27 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 含有碳酸钙的含烷氧基硅烷的聚氨酯粘合剂组合物 |
| CN104334598A (zh) | 2012-05-22 | 2015-02-04 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 高模量聚氨酯粘合剂组合物、其制造和用途 |
| WO2014014499A1 (en) | 2012-07-16 | 2014-01-23 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Curable compositions containing isocyanate functional components and amorphous linear polymers, adhesives therof |
| BR112018016197A2 (pt) | 2016-02-17 | 2018-12-18 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | composições contendo pré-polímeros com funcionalidade isocianato e nanoargilas modificadas com amônio quaternário |
| CN118871490A (zh) | 2022-03-25 | 2024-10-29 | Sika技术股份公司 | 基于聚氨酯的湿固化车窗粘合剂 |
Family Cites Families (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3488302A (en) * | 1966-06-20 | 1970-01-06 | Charles Odus Pyron | Ambient temperature stable mixture of isocyanate prepolymer and solid polyol |
| US3971751A (en) * | 1975-06-09 | 1976-07-27 | Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Vulcanizable silylether terminated polymer |
| AU548820B2 (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1986-01-02 | H.B. Fuller Licensing And Financing Inc. | Curable polyurethane |
| US4352858A (en) * | 1981-09-04 | 1982-10-05 | National Starch And Chemical Corp. | Polyurethane adhesive compositions modified with a dicarbamate ester useful in laminating substrates |
| US4390678A (en) * | 1982-01-07 | 1983-06-28 | H. B. Fuller Company | One-package heat curable aromatic polyurethane composition useful for joining substrates and as an in-mold coating comprising an isocyanate terminated prepolymer and a polyhydroxy compound |
| DE3407031A1 (de) * | 1984-02-27 | 1985-09-05 | Gurit-Essex, Freienbach | Chemisch haertende zweikomponentenmasse auf der basis von polyurethanen, verfahren zur herstellung einer haertbaren masse auf polyurethanbasis und verwendung von mischungen aus zwei komponenten auf polyurethanbasis |
| JPS6274959A (ja) * | 1985-09-30 | 1987-04-06 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 硬化性組成物 |
| CH666899A5 (de) * | 1986-05-09 | 1988-08-31 | Sika Ag | Reaktiver schmelzklebstoff. |
| CH669955A5 (es) * | 1986-08-04 | 1989-04-28 | Sika Ag | |
| US4758648A (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1988-07-19 | Essex Specialty Products, Inc. | High speed cure sealant |
| DE3707350A1 (de) * | 1987-03-07 | 1988-09-15 | Teroson Gmbh | Zweikomponentenmasse und deren verwendung |
| CA1312408C (en) * | 1987-10-09 | 1993-01-05 | Peter W. Merz | Reactive, thixotropic hot-melt adhesive on silane basis |
| GB2212681A (en) * | 1987-11-20 | 1989-07-26 | Philips Nv | Accessing memory cells |
| AR246919A1 (es) * | 1988-04-29 | 1994-10-31 | S I G | Dispositivo para la redistribucion de rodajas de substancias alimenticias. |
| GB8810701D0 (en) * | 1988-05-06 | 1988-06-08 | Bostik Ltd | Hot-melt polyurethane adhesive compositions |
| DE3824771C1 (es) * | 1988-07-21 | 1990-04-05 | Teroson Gmbh, 6900 Heidelberg, De | |
| GB8826702D0 (en) * | 1988-11-15 | 1988-12-21 | Bostik Ltd | Moisture-curing polyurethane hot-melt compositions |
| GB8905133D0 (en) * | 1989-03-07 | 1989-04-19 | Bostik Ltd | Moisture-curing polyurethane-based hot-melt compositions |
| DE3909127A1 (de) * | 1989-03-20 | 1990-10-11 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zum haerten feuchtigkeitshaertender klebstoffe und dichtmassen, vorrichtung zum durchfuehren des verfahrens und flexible leiste |
| JPH0735503B2 (ja) * | 1989-07-27 | 1995-04-19 | サンスター技研株式会社 | 湿気硬化性熱溶融型接着剤 |
| JP2774825B2 (ja) * | 1989-07-28 | 1998-07-09 | サンスター技研株式会社 | 一液型熱硬化性シーリング材組成物 |
| DE3930138A1 (de) * | 1989-09-09 | 1991-03-21 | Bayer Ag | Polyurethan-reaktivklebstoffmassen mit feindispersen polymeren |
| CA2039964A1 (en) * | 1990-04-27 | 1991-10-28 | Charles W. Stobbie, Iv | Mixture of isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymers |
| JPH05171035A (ja) * | 1991-10-23 | 1993-07-09 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | 湿気硬化性ウレタンシーラント組成物 |
| DE4210277C5 (de) * | 1992-03-28 | 2009-02-26 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Kleb- und Dichtstoff und dessen Verwendung |
| GB2334515B (en) * | 1997-03-11 | 1999-11-17 | Gerber Scient Products Inc | Apparatus and method for working on a length of web material |
-
1992
- 1992-03-28 DE DE4210277A patent/DE4210277C5/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-03-23 ZA ZA932058A patent/ZA932058B/xx unknown
- 1993-03-26 MX MX9301714A patent/MX9301714A/es unknown
- 1993-03-29 TR TR00301/93A patent/TR28839A/xx unknown
- 1993-06-21 ES ES93913023T patent/ES2130272T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-21 AT AT93913023T patent/ATE179726T1/de active
- 1993-06-21 NZ NZ253145A patent/NZ253145A/en unknown
- 1993-06-21 JP JP50236095A patent/JP3932316B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-21 DE DE59309564T patent/DE59309564D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-21 CA CA002164408A patent/CA2164408C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-21 WO PCT/EP1993/001584 patent/WO1995000572A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1993-06-21 US US08/564,363 patent/US5747581A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-21 EP EP93913023A patent/EP0705290B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-21 CZ CZ19953324A patent/CZ289702B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-21 SK SK1558-95A patent/SK284192B6/sk unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA932058B (en) | 1993-10-19 |
| CA2164408C (en) | 2005-03-01 |
| EP0705290A1 (de) | 1996-04-10 |
| CZ332495A3 (en) | 1996-03-13 |
| MX9301714A (es) | 1994-05-31 |
| ATE179726T1 (de) | 1999-05-15 |
| DE4210277C5 (de) | 2009-02-26 |
| DE4210277C2 (de) | 2001-11-15 |
| DE59309564D1 (de) | 1999-06-10 |
| NZ253145A (en) | 1998-06-26 |
| CZ289702B6 (cs) | 2002-03-13 |
| CA2164408A1 (en) | 1995-01-05 |
| WO1995000572A1 (de) | 1995-01-05 |
| JP3932316B2 (ja) | 2007-06-20 |
| EP0705290B1 (de) | 1999-05-06 |
| SK284192B6 (sk) | 2004-10-05 |
| JPH08511815A (ja) | 1996-12-10 |
| DE4210277A1 (de) | 1993-09-30 |
| SK155895A3 (en) | 1997-02-05 |
| TR28839A (tr) | 1997-07-17 |
| US5747581A (en) | 1998-05-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| ES2130272T3 (es) | Material adhesivo y de sellado. | |
| DE3689571D1 (de) | Halogenhaltige, optisch aktive Flüssigkristallverbindung und dieselbe enthaltende Flüssigkristallzusammensetzung. | |
| ES2084346T5 (es) | Composicion adhesiva de fusion en caliente. | |
| ES2032229T3 (es) | Inhibidores de proteasas benzamidicos. | |
| ES2055291T5 (es) | Material de gel acrilico y preparacion de gel acrilico. | |
| NO162200C (no) | Materiale som omfatter et fluorescerende hvitemiddel og en aktivator, samt anvendelse av materialet. | |
| KR920000892A (ko) | 도막 형성용 재료 | |
| CA2021888A1 (en) | Dynamic seal with flushing protection of static seal | |
| ES2148315T3 (es) | Composicion espesa fluidizable mediante esfuerzo cortante. | |
| KR890013029A (ko) | 세파졸린 나트륨의 α-결정 | |
| IT8319131A0 (it) | Supporto in materia plastica munito prodotto di mascheratura del tipo di uno strato adesivo, e sua applicazione particolarmente nel campo del bricolage e della protezione di superfici. | |
| KR900003307A (ko) | 고분자 엘라스토머 조성물 | |
| KR890015438A (ko) | 초전도 박막 | |
| ES2050252T3 (es) | Metodo y aparato para revestir un sustrato con una resina liquida. | |
| KR830002863A (ko) | 접착제 조성물 | |
| SE9003281D0 (sv) | Bjaelklagstaetning | |
| KR880009605A (ko) | 우산 핸드백 | |
| KR900011444A (ko) | 모발 영양제 | |
| KR890012042A (ko) | 입체도베판 | |
| KR870003394A (ko) | 액체를 이용한 볼록렌즈 | |
| KR930002469A (ko) | 스티로폴용 접착제 조성물 | |
| KR880003614A (ko) | 접착성 봉선화 물감 제조법 | |
| KR920021816A (ko) | 단열 2중 블록(벽돌) | |
| KR920021469A (ko) | 염화칼슘을 함유하는 섬유 강화 콘크리트 | |
| TH13835A (th) | "เบนโซฟีโนนไฮดราโซน" |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FG2A | Definitive protection |
Ref document number: 705290 Country of ref document: ES |