ES2192605T3 - Sistema de gestion de potencia para una maquina de dialisis. - Google Patents

Sistema de gestion de potencia para una maquina de dialisis.

Info

Publication number
ES2192605T3
ES2192605T3 ES96918235T ES96918235T ES2192605T3 ES 2192605 T3 ES2192605 T3 ES 2192605T3 ES 96918235 T ES96918235 T ES 96918235T ES 96918235 T ES96918235 T ES 96918235T ES 2192605 T3 ES2192605 T3 ES 2192605T3
Authority
ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
dialysis machine
energy consumption
dialysis
heater
machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
ES96918235T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Byron Larson
Frank Ogawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Terumo BCT Inc
Original Assignee
Gambro Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gambro Inc filed Critical Gambro Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2192605T3 publication Critical patent/ES2192605T3/es
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Arrangements for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Arrangements for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, the networks, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1601—Control or regulation
    • A61M1/1603—Regulation parameters
    • A61M1/1605—Physical characteristics of the dialysate fluid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • A61M1/166—Heating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
    • A61M2205/3334—Measuring or controlling the flow rate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3368—Temperature
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/50—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2105/40—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load characterised by the loads connecting to the networks or being supplied by the networks
    • H02J2105/46—Medical devices, medical implants or life supporting devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2105/50—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
    • H02J2105/52—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads for limitation of the power consumption in the networks or in one section of the networks, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
    • H02J2105/53—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads for limitation of the power consumption in the networks or in one section of the networks, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving for partial power limitation, e.g. entering degraded or current limitation modes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Abstract

LA CANTIDAD DE ENERGIA ELECTRICA SUMINISTRADA A UN CALENTADOR DE DIALIZADOS DE UNA MAQUINA DE DIALISIS SE MAXIMIZA SIN SOBREPASAR SUSTANCIALMENTE UN CONSUMO DE ENERGIA MAXIMO PERMITIDO PREDETERMINADO DE LA MAQUINA DE DIALISIS. SE MIDE LA ENERGIA INSTANTANEA CONSUMIDA POR LA MAQUINA (132) Y SE COMPARA CON EL CONSUMO DE ENERGIA MAXIMO PERMITIDO (134, 136 Y 138). ENTONCES SE PONE A DISPOSICION DEL CALENTADOR (142) EL EXCESO DE ENERGIA QUE SOBREPASA LA ENERGIA INSTANTANEA CONSUMIDA HASTA EL CONSUMO DE ENERGIA MAXIMO PERMITIDO. LAS LIMITACIONES DEL CONSUMO DE ENERGIA EN LAS CONDICIONES MAS DESFAVORABLES DE LOS COMPONENTES DE LA MAQUINA DE DIALISIS NO AFECTAN DE MANERA ADVERSA AL CALOR PROCEDENTE DEL CALENTADOR. LA VELOCIDAD A LA QUE PUEDEN PROGRESAR LOS TRATAMIENTOS DE DIALISIS PUEDE AUMENTAR O EL TIEMPO REQUERIDO PARA LOS TRATAMIENTOS DE DIALISIS PUEDE DESCENDER.
ES96918235T 1995-06-07 1996-06-06 Sistema de gestion de potencia para una maquina de dialisis. Expired - Lifetime ES2192605T3 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/485,114 US5624572A (en) 1995-06-07 1995-06-07 Power management system and method for maximizing heat delivered to dialysate in a dialysis machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ES2192605T3 true ES2192605T3 (es) 2003-10-16

Family

ID=23926962

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ES96918235T Expired - Lifetime ES2192605T3 (es) 1995-06-07 1996-06-06 Sistema de gestion de potencia para una maquina de dialisis.

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5624572A (es)
EP (1) EP0836486B1 (es)
JP (1) JP3748891B2 (es)
CA (1) CA2217879C (es)
DE (1) DE69627859T2 (es)
ES (1) ES2192605T3 (es)
WO (1) WO1996040318A1 (es)

Families Citing this family (44)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6564332B1 (en) * 1998-12-23 2003-05-13 Intel Corporation Method and apparatus for managing power consumption in a computer system responsive to the power delivery specifications of a power outlet
US6367023B2 (en) 1998-12-23 2002-04-02 Intel Corporation Method and apparatus of measuring current, voltage, or duty cycle of a power supply to manage power consumption in a computer system
US6348777B1 (en) 2000-02-29 2002-02-19 Alaris Medical Systems, Inc. Power management system
MXPA05000816A (es) 2002-07-19 2005-04-28 Baxter Int Sistemas y metodos para realizar dialisis peritoneal.
US7156873B2 (en) * 2002-09-10 2007-01-02 Miwatec Co., Ltd. Methods for detecting an abnormal condition of a blood pump system
US20070052389A1 (en) * 2005-07-19 2007-03-08 Michiel Kooij Battery receptacle
EP1813302A1 (en) * 2006-01-25 2007-08-01 Debiotech S.A. Fluid volume measurement device for medical use
US20080058712A1 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-06 Plahey Kulwinder S Peritoneal dialysis machine with dual voltage heater circuit and method of operation
US7736328B2 (en) 2007-07-05 2010-06-15 Baxter International Inc. Dialysis system having supply container autoconnection
US9358331B2 (en) * 2007-09-13 2016-06-07 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Portable dialysis machine with improved reservoir heating system
US8105487B2 (en) 2007-09-25 2012-01-31 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Manifolds for use in conducting dialysis
US9308307B2 (en) 2007-09-13 2016-04-12 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Manifold diaphragms
US8597505B2 (en) 2007-09-13 2013-12-03 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Portable dialysis machine
US8240636B2 (en) 2009-01-12 2012-08-14 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Valve system
EP2237814B1 (en) 2007-11-29 2019-03-06 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Manifold for conducting hemodialysis and hemofiltration
US7892423B2 (en) * 2008-02-14 2011-02-22 Baxter International Inc. Dialysis system including multi-heater power coordination
US10973968B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2021-04-13 Baxter International Inc. Control of a water device via a dialysis machine user interface
US8034235B2 (en) 2008-02-14 2011-10-11 Baxter International Inc. Dialysis system including supplemental power source
US8027572B2 (en) 2008-02-22 2011-09-27 Baxter International Inc. Dialysis machine having multiple line voltage heater
US8057679B2 (en) 2008-07-09 2011-11-15 Baxter International Inc. Dialysis system having trending and alert generation
CA2976872C (en) 2008-10-07 2021-04-13 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Priming system and method for dialysis systems
NZ592652A (en) 2008-10-30 2013-10-25 Fresenius Med Care Hldg Inc Modular, portable dialysis system
WO2010114932A1 (en) 2009-03-31 2010-10-07 Xcorporeal, Inc. Modular reservoir assembly for a hemodialysis and hemofiltration system
DE102009026060B4 (de) * 2009-06-29 2018-05-24 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Verfahren zur Präparierung und Aufrüstung einer Hämodialysemaschine zur Durchführung einer Hämodialysebehandlung sowie Hämodialysemaschine
US8753515B2 (en) 2009-12-05 2014-06-17 Home Dialysis Plus, Ltd. Dialysis system with ultrafiltration control
US8501009B2 (en) 2010-06-07 2013-08-06 State Of Oregon Acting By And Through The State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Oregon State University Fluid purification system
DE102010053973A1 (de) 2010-12-09 2012-06-14 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Medizinisches Gerät mit einer Heizung
EP2763719B1 (en) 2011-10-07 2017-08-09 Outset Medical, Inc. Heat exchange fluid purification for dialysis system
US9201036B2 (en) 2012-12-21 2015-12-01 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Method and system of monitoring electrolyte levels and composition using capacitance or induction
US9157786B2 (en) 2012-12-24 2015-10-13 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Load suspension and weighing system for a dialysis machine reservoir
JP2014176610A (ja) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-25 Baxter Internatl Inc 透析機械のユーザインタフェースを介した水処理装置の制御
EP2996738B1 (de) * 2013-05-17 2018-12-26 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH Vorrichtung und verfahren zur optimierung des energieverbrauchs in einer medizinischen einrichtung
US9354640B2 (en) 2013-11-11 2016-05-31 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Smart actuator for valve
CN104623750B (zh) 2013-11-13 2017-09-12 甘布罗伦迪亚股份公司 透析监控器、与流体加热相关的方法以及透析监控器电池单元的使用
JP6657186B2 (ja) 2014-04-29 2020-03-04 アウトセット・メディカル・インコーポレイテッドOutset Medical, Inc. 透析システムおよび方法
JP2018524718A (ja) 2015-06-25 2018-08-30 ガンブロ・ルンディア・エービーGambro Lundia Ab 分散データベースを有する医療装置システム及び方法
JP6936250B2 (ja) 2016-05-06 2021-09-15 ガンブロ ルンディア アー・ベー 使用場所での透析流体調製を有し、かつその試験を含む腹膜透析のためのシステムおよび方法
US11534537B2 (en) 2016-08-19 2022-12-27 Outset Medical, Inc. Peritoneal dialysis system and methods
CN110100283B (zh) 2016-12-21 2023-07-04 甘布罗伦迪亚股份公司 包括具有支持外域的安全集群域的信息技术基础架构的医疗设备系统
AU2019325668B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2025-03-27 Outset Medical, Inc. Dialysis system and methods
AU2020266584B2 (en) 2019-04-30 2025-10-23 Outset Medical, Inc. Dialysis system and methods
CN112731990A (zh) * 2021-01-06 2021-04-30 刘龙丰 一种血液透析机用配液的加热系统控制电路
CN118557826B (zh) * 2024-02-07 2026-07-10 健帆生物科技集团股份有限公司 血液透析设备及存储介质
WO2026099148A2 (en) * 2024-11-05 2026-05-15 Gambro Lundia Ab Power management for dialysis therapy in a residential space

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4370983A (en) * 1971-01-20 1983-02-01 Lichtenstein Eric Stefan Computer-control medical care system
GB1388170A (en) * 1971-12-06 1975-03-26 Milton Roy Co Dialysis system
FR2349988A1 (fr) * 1976-04-27 1977-11-25 Seine Const Elec Perfectionnements apportes a une installation de distribution d'energie electrique et a un dispositif de delestage d'une voie non prioritaire pour une telle installation
US4167663A (en) * 1977-01-24 1979-09-11 Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. Blood warming apparatus
CA1108699A (en) * 1980-12-08 1981-09-08 Sutherland-Schultz Limited Apparatus for detecting loss of ac power supply and loss of current
US4628186A (en) * 1984-11-30 1986-12-09 Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. Heater-scale for heating fluids for injection into a patient
US5486286A (en) * 1991-04-19 1996-01-23 Althin Medical, Inc. Apparatus for performing a self-test of kidney dialysis membrane
US5326476A (en) * 1991-04-19 1994-07-05 Althin Medical, Inc. Method and apparatus for kidney dialysis using machine with programmable memory
IT1250558B (it) * 1991-12-30 1995-04-20 Hospal Dasco Spa Macchina per dialisi con controllo della sicurezza e relativo metodo di controllo della sicurezza.
CA2116580C (en) * 1992-07-01 2000-11-07 Andre Lussi Appliance for preparation of hot drinks

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH11506961A (ja) 1999-06-22
EP0836486B1 (en) 2003-05-02
DE69627859T2 (de) 2004-05-06
JP3748891B2 (ja) 2006-02-22
WO1996040318A1 (en) 1996-12-19
CA2217879C (en) 2006-07-25
EP0836486A1 (en) 1998-04-22
DE69627859D1 (de) 2003-06-05
US5624572A (en) 1997-04-29
CA2217879A1 (en) 1996-12-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ATE189299T1 (de) Integraler schnelldampferzeuger
ES8102280A1 (es) Central termoelectrica alimentada desde una fuente geotermi-ca de calor
CA2217879A1 (en) Power management system and method for maximizing heat delivered to dialysate in a dialysis machine
ES2043405T3 (es) Dispositivo para producir energia electrica y de calefaccion.
ES2180670T3 (es) Unidad de esterilizacion por calor humedo y su proceso, en especial para instalar autoclaves usadas para la cirugia dental.
ES2108003T3 (es) Produccion de vapor y electricidad para la puesta en marcha de una central termica.
BR0105441A (pt) Acionamento por relutância comutada e processo de operar o mesmo
BR9917459A (pt) Dispositivo para coagulação de tecidos e seu uso
JPS549747A (en) Non-stopping power source unit
ES422634A1 (es) Perfeccionamientos en generadores de vapor.
FR2823678B1 (fr) Ensemble de traitement thermique de tissus biologiques
RU5038329A (ru) Автономный источник электрической энергии
ITMI910776U1 (it) Dispositivo solare di alimentazione elettrica per apparecchi elettrici portatili, indipendenti dalla rete di alimentazione
BR0101247A (pt) Equipamento para a produção e distribuição de energia elétrica em zonas isoladas
ES2108612B1 (es) Planta dual optimizada de generacion de energia electrica y desalacion de agua.
ES2120148T3 (es) Generador de energia electrica provisto de dispositivos de adaptacion de la frecuencia.
JPS57198136A (en) Luminous device and lighting device using said luminous device
JPS5282240A (en) Fixing device
JPS51111152A (en) Facial treatment device
ES2157720B1 (es) Calentador a gas.
BR8003102U (pt) Reciclagem de calor gerado em chuveiro elétrico
JPS52102905A (en) Steam generator
JPS53120150A (en) Regulating method of power supply
JPS5332437A (en) Ac glow discharge heating device
JPS523739A (en) Heat exchanging unit available for both heating and cooling