ES2246458T3 - SYSTEM TO REMOVE AND VERTER CAST MATERIAL. - Google Patents

Abstract

System (2) for the extraction and pouring of molten material whose melting point is above 0 ° C which is formed by: a first (4) and a second cuvette (6) that can be introduced into the first ( 4), characterized in that the second cuvette (6) is arranged inside the first (4) and, during operation, remains inside and in contact with the first cuvette (4); the first (4) and the second (6) cuvettes share a common interior wall (26) formed by a drain hole (12) that allows molten material to exit out of the system (2); and the system incorporates a mechanism (16) to move the second cuvette (6) with respect to the common inner wall (26) and move it to a filling position to fill the second cuvette (6) with the molten material of the first cuvette ( 4) and to a pouring position to pour the molten material of the second bucket (6) through the drain hole (12).

Description

System to extract and pour material molten.

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a system to extract and pour molten material whose melting point is above 0 ° C. Said system is formed by a first cuvette and a second cuvette that can be introduced into the first.

Background

There are many known systems to extract a certain volume or amount of molten material from a oven and pour it, for example, into a matrix to use it, subsequently, in press molding operations.

One of the methods to carry out this operation involves using a ladle spoon that can be immerse in a bath of molten material and that, in addition, can remove a certain amount of said material and transport it, for example, to a matrix to fill it either by tilting the spoon and letting the molten material pass through a spigot or by opening a valve that allows bleeding of the molten material

An example of a system using the above principle is the "Hodler system", which is illustrated in Figure 219 on page 126 of Technologie de la Fonderie in Moules Métalliques, Fonderie sous pression, Edition techniques des industries de la fonderie , Paris, 1968. In this system, a bucket is immersed in a crucible containing molten metal. The cuvette in question is filled with molten material and then a mechanical system is responsible for removing it from the crucible and placing it on a matrix or a channel that leads to a matrix. The opening of a valve located at the bottom of the movable bucket allows the liquid to bleed to fill the matrix.

When these systems are used with important volumes of molten material and if extraction is required and discharge of very precise quantities of the material in question, with often the process cannot be done manually and it they need complex mechanisms to immerse the cuvette in the crucible, move it to move the material and open the valve or tilt the bucket if necessary. Manufacturing, installation and Maintenance of these mechanisms are expensive and also implies security risks, such as dripping material molten.

Summary of the Invention

One of the objectives of the invention is to provide a system for the extraction and discharge of exact quantities or volumes of molten material whose point of melting is above 0 ° C, especially molten metal. Further, the manufacture, installation and maintenance of said system They are less expensive and provide more security guarantees.

For this purpose, the system is characterized by the fact that the second cuvette is disposed within the first and, during operation, remains inside and in Contact with this one. So, the first and the second bucket they share the same interior wall (later called "common element") equipped with a drain hole that allows bleeding of molten material out of the system. Also, the system incorporates a mechanism to move the second bucket with respect to the common element to move it to a filling position to fill the second cuvette with the molten material of the first bucket and to a pouring position to pour molten material of the second bucket through the drain hole. Saying mechanism is also used in the return process of these positions.

The invention raises a system in which, in operation, the first bucket is filled with molten material. In addition, the second cuvette is disposed within the first and, during operation, it performs an inward movement of the first bucket, that is, the second bucket remains in the inside of the first one and therefore no dripping of the molten material outside the system and less alteration of the material, such as less oxidation and contamination of molten metal. It is a first advantage over existing systems in which, frequently, molten material drips out of the mobile bucket, which is a loss unnecessary material and security problems. It is the case of "Hodler system" which, in addition, also tends to cause important changes in molten material due to time relatively long transport, mainly outside the melting pot. The system proposed by the invention improves significantly this circumstance since it is simplified in greatly transport molten material before pour it.

A second advantage of this system is that it You can control and stop the spill with ease by inversion or arrest of the movement of the second cuvette without losses or risk of alteration of molten material, since the part that is not poured remains inside the second bucket and, consequently, also within the first bucket.

A third advantage consists in the system compactness, since the second cuvette does not leave the first First, this feature assumes that the area occupied on the ground is smaller and, secondly, that the  system is much cleaner, since the elements that make it up they are concentrated in a relatively smaller volume, so that require less protection mechanisms to delimit an area determined the high temperatures, the heat radiation, the polluted atmosphere, ejection of molten material and others similar aspects.

A fourth advantage is that the heat remains in large part inside the system until the metal is poured, because there is no transport of molten material outside the first bucket until pouring. In the existing "Hodler system", the movable bucket is removed from the crucible so that greater energy loss and a greater area is exposed to risks of security.

Finally, a fifth advantage of this invention is that the extraction and pouring operations they only involve relatively simple and small movements since the second cuvette remains inside the first. It is not necessary to perform complex movements since the second cuvette moves relative to the common element and therefore said movement is up to a certain predetermined point, that is, It is only possible to perform a certain type of movement, such as, for example, of translation or rotation of the second cuvette with respect at first. In addition, the system can be fully automated and without complex mechanisms thanks to its simplicity

So, the result is a more compact system and simple, which at the same time means less expenses. Taking into account that the system is simpler and more compact, than the loss calorific is lower and there is less risk of material dripping melting, contamination and risks to safety, installation and System maintenance are easier. In addition, the fact that the movements involved are quite small and can be run with ease provides more precise control of movements and, consequently, it is possible to pour more Exact molten material.

Therefore, the features of the invention provide at least partial solution to the problems cited of the existing extraction and disposal systems, these problems very specific in the field of molten materials whose point melting is above 0 ° C. In fact the circumstances in which these systems are used are very specific because of extreme temperatures, intense radiation, pollution of  the surrounding atmosphere, the ejection of molten material, etc. Many normal materials and devices cannot be use in these conditions and any new improvement must be designed without forgetting the specific context involved.

It should be noted that the system according to the invention is simpler, compact, clean, less expensive and its installation and maintenance is easier and, although it seems surprising, it provides greater precision in the pouring of quantities of fungal material.
dido

Brief description of the drawings

These and other aspects of the invention are explain in greater detail through examples and with the help of the corresponding drawings in which:

Figure 1a shows a representation cross-sectional schematic of an example of the system according to the invention in operation, while the second cuvette is completely submerged in the bathroom of the first bucket;

Figure 1b shows the system of Figure 1a at the moment when the liquid level of the second cuvette is slightly above the overflow limit although the molten material still does not overflow;

Figure 1c shows the system of Figure 1a at the moment when the liquid level of the second cuvette It is above the overflow limit and the molten material leftover overflows over the edge of an opening;

Figure 1d shows a plan view of the system of figure 1c;

Figure 2a shows a representation cross-sectional schematic of an example of the system according to the invention while it is not in operation, that is, without there is molten material in the cuvettes;

Figure 2b shows the second cuvette of the system of figure 2a when the second cuvette is completely separated from the first;

Figure 3a shows a representation cross-sectional schematic of another system example according to the invention, this time in operation, at the moment in which that the liquid level of the second cuvette is above the overflow limit and excess molten material overflows with the edge of an opening;

Figure 3b shows a plan view of the system of figure 3a; Y

Figure 4 shows a representation cross-sectional schematic of another system example according to the invention, again in operation, while the second bucket is in the pouring position.

The figures are not made to scale. For the In general, the same reference numbers indicate the same pieces.

Detailed description of the embodiments preferred

According to a first configuration, the invention is refers to a system (2) for the extraction and discharge of high temperature molten material, for example, to extract molten metal from a crucible (4) and pour it into a matrix.

Figure 1a shows a representation cross-sectional schematic of an example of the system according to the invention (2) in operation, at the moment in which the second bucket (6) is completely submerged in the bathroom of the first bucket (8). During operation, the first cuvette (4) or crucible contains a bath (8) of molten material, such as metal cast, which communicates through a first channel (20), by example, with another crucible, although it will be evident to an expert in the matter that said communication channel (20) is not necessary nor indispensable for the invention.

A second channel (18) or hollow inner duct travels a good part of the interior of the first bucket (4) and extends from above the LB level of the bath of the first bucket (8) down to the bottom of this same bucket (4). So, I know it forms an inner wall (26) that share the first (4) and the second (6) buckets. In said inner wall (26), which delimits the second channel (18) of the first cuvette (4) and the bath (8) that this contains, there is an opening (12) or drain hole whose level lower LA has to be above the LB level to avoid so the molten material of the bath (8) overflows through the opening (12) to the inside of the second channel (18). This second channel (18) It may have a cylindrical shape and may be surrounded by the liquid bath (8).

A second cuvette (6) is arranged in the interior, that is, embedded in the first cuvette (4), of such so that: first, it is in contact with the wall (26), perhaps by means of a joint (22); secondly, it reaches the second channel (18), for example, to form a cylindrical shape around said channel (18) if it (18) is shaped cylindrical; Third, it can only move in the direction vertical. To produce the vertical movement of the second cuvette (6), that is, to raise and lower it, they are incorporated some mechanisms to raise the second cuvette (6). In the figure 1a, an elevator (16) is shown that controls the movement of the second cuvette (6) by using stems (14). Do not However, it will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that they can use other mechanisms without departing from the scope of the invention.

The term "inside" in the sentence "the second cuvette (6) remains inside the first (4) "must be understood in a general sense, that is, means that during operation the second cuvette (6) is inside or well slightly above the first cuvette (4) in such a way that, on the one hand, the movement of the second cuvette (6) during the operation can be executed by a relatively mechanism simple and, on the other, the second cuvette (6) remains close to the first bucket (4) with which a heat loss is achieved relatively small

Figure 1b shows the system (2) of figure 1st at the time when the liquid level of the second cuvette is slightly above the overflow limit, that is, LA level. In other words, figure 1b is a representation schematic of the system (2) of Figure 1a just before that part of the bath liquid of the second cuvette (10) pass to through the opening (12). Another way of saying it is that while Figure 1a shows the second cuvette (6) in the position of filled, figure 1b shows this same cuvette (6) in the position discharge, just before the phase in which it takes place pour the liquid.

Figure 1c shows the system (2) of figure 1st at the time when the liquid level of the second cuvette It is above the LA level and the remaining molten material (24) overflows through the edge of the opening (12). For an expert in matter will be clear that the opening (10) is not indispensable and that the excess molten material (24) can circulate through a system overflow outlet, overflow the edge of the part upper second channel (18) or by any method that allows the liquid to circulate without departing from the scope of the invention.

Figure 1d shows a plan view of the system (2) of figure 1c. Both cuvettes (4, 6) are shown as well as the remaining molten material (24) when it falls for the second channel (18) by the force of gravity. The line of points A represents the plane according to which the profile is made cross section of figure 1c. The mechanism (16) for raising the Second cuvette (6) is not shown in Figure 1d to try to This figure is as clear as possible.

So, the successive steps that have been shown in figures 1a, 1b and 1c they are an example of a way of use of the system (2) according to the invention for the purpose of extract a certain amount or volume of molten material from bath (8), raise it in a second bucket (6) and pour it through an opening (12) in a channel that, for example, leads to a matrix. When raising the second bucket (6) to a height determined, it reduces the volume that is capable of housing in function of the specific height reached. So, the amount of excess molten material (24) that will overflow and pour into the matrix (if applicable) will depend on the height at which it has been raised the second bucket (6). This is an important advantage, for for example, in pressure molding operations but also in others applications since, on the one hand, the accuracy of the volume of molten material that is poured into a matrix is a requirement important to minimize metal losses and, for other, the system (2) can be used to extract and pour different volumes or quantities without having to modify the System components in question (2). In other words, during operation, the molten material that is poured, for example, in a matrix, it can be controlled by the height to which it raise the second bucket (6).

To raise the second bucket (6) to a determined height and pour an exact volume, there is the possibility of incorporating a system to stop the mechanism (16) which is responsible for raising the second bucket (6). For example, it You can use an elevator (16) with a carriage stop (32). This system to stop the upward movement (for example, a stop Adjustable carriage (32)) can be of a type that allows to adapt to change the volume of the liquid to be poured. Saying otherwise, the elevator movement control (16) allows control, for example, the volume of material to be poured. As explained above, it is an advantage important regarding known extraction and disposal systems till the date.

Another notable advantage of the realization of system (2) shown in Figures 1a, 1b and 1c is that, during operation, and at least for some time, the molten material surrounding the inner duct (18) keeps heat the molten material, which results in a lower pollution and less heat loss.

Figure 2a shows a representation cross-sectional schematic of an example of the system (2) according to the invention while it is not in operation, that is, no liquid in the cuvettes (4, 6). At a higher level of detail, it shows a first maximum volume V1, which is the volume that can housing the second cuvette (6) while inside the first bucket (4). The wall (26), the walls of the first bucket (6) and the dotted line that would make up the level of liquid in the second bucket (6) if full to the edges (for example, in the filling position) determine the volume V1.

On the contrary, Figure 2b shows the second cuvette (6) of the system (2) of Figure 2a when it (6) is is completely separated from the first (4) although, yes, It has the same orientation and configuration as shown in the figure 2a. "Same configuration" means that, by For example, no valve has been opened between the second cuvette of the system shown in Figure 2a and the second cuvette of the system shown in figure 2b. More specifically, too the second maximum volume V2 is represented, which is the volume that can hold the second bucket (6) while it is completely separated from the first (4). The second maximum volume V2 is different from the first maximum volume V1. In particular, in the case illustrated in figures 2a and 2b, volume V2 is less than volume V1, and volume V1 is greater than 0. The volume difference noted is one of the characteristics of a class of systems (2) according to the invention: the class of systems (2) in which, in operation, the second cuvette (6) is only moves relative to the common element, that is, the wall (26). In operation, during the process of raising the second cuvette (6) to remove it from the bathroom (8), from a certain moment the volume that can hold the second bucket (6) is no longer equal to V1 and is reduced to approach V2.

In addition to volumes V1 and V2, it also You can define volumes V3 and V4. The third volume V3 is defined as the maximum volume of molten material that the second bucket (6) can house while the mechanism (16) to move said bucket impacts with the adjustable carriage stop (32) when it (32) is in its highest position.

For its part, the fourth volume V4 is shown in Figures 1c and 4 and defined as the maximum volume of material cast that can hold the second bucket (6) when the mechanism (16) to move said bucket impacts with the carriage stop adjustable (32) and this one (32) is in an intermediate position determined.

Consequently, the differences between the first maximum volume V1 and third volume V3 as well as the difference between said first maximum volume V1 and the fourth volume V4 they represent, in the case of a system according to the invention specific, the maximum volume of excess molten material that can be ejected from the cuvettes when the carriage stop (32) is is in its highest position and when the carriage stop (32) is in a certain intermediate position, respectively. However, to calculate leftover volumes exact that can be expelled from the cuvettes as it has been explained, it is necessary to subtract from these volume differences the small amount of molten material that is possibly filtered to through the joint (22), said amount being controlled and independent of the level of molten material LB of the first bucket (4). This explanation shows the car stopper function adjustable (32) and illustrates one of the advantages of the system (2) according to the invention, that is, the possibility of pouring an exact volume of molten material even when the liquid level of the first bucket (4) is slightly higher or lower than its level initial.

It should be noted that the second bucket (6) shown in figure 2b is disassembled and not part of the system (2) according to the invention. In fact, as explained previously, during system operation (2) according to the invention the second cuvette (6) is arranged inside the first (4) and remains in this location throughout the extraction and pouring process.

In one of the embodiments of the system (2) according to the invention, the second maximum volume V2 is practically equal to zero.

In another embodiment of the system (2) according to the invention, and during operation, the material leftover melt (24) passes through a drain hole through a third channel (28), which has its beginning in an interior wall that they share the first (4) and the second (6) buckets. Said hole is formed  by an edge, a bevel or part of a bevel of said wall, while that the movement mechanism (16) serves, in this case, to move the second cuvette (6) up and down to along said wall. Figure 3a shows a representation schematic of the transverse profile of said system (2) in functioning. The liquid level of the second cuvette is by above the level of overflow and excess molten material (24) circulates through the third channel (28). The second bucket (6) it is placed within the first (4) so that there is a contact with said first cuvette (4) by the gasket (22), and can perform a vertical movement with respect to the first bucket (4). It can also house a liquid bath (10). In this specific embodiment of the system (2) according to the invention, the second cuvette (6) has a shape that can be achieved by rotating an "L" relative to a vertical axis, although it will be evident to an expert in the field that the shape of the second cuvette (6) can be another without departing from that of the scope of the invention.

Figure 3b shows a plan view of the system of figure 3a. The dotted line B represents the plane according to which the cross-sectional profile of the figure has been made 3rd. The mechanism (16) for raising the second cuvette (6) is not shown in figure 1d so that said figure is as clear possible.

A remarkable advantage of the realization of system (2) shown in figure 3a is that the construction is simple, that is, it is not necessary to install a inner duct (18) in the first cuvette (4).

An expert with experience in this field you will easily understand that volumes V1, V2, V3 and V4 as well as their respective values also apply to the realization of the system according to the invention as illustrated in the figures 3a and 3b.

In another embodiment of the system according to the invention, and during operation, in the second cuvette (6) execute a rotation movement with respect to an axis that joins both cuvettes This axis of rotation is the common element before mentioned. The characteristic that determines that the common element (26) includes a pouring hole should be understood as follows shape: said hole can be located in the common element (26) or be adjacent to it (26), with a starting point located at the system (2) according to the invention.

Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the system (2) according to the invention in which the pouring hole (12) is a opening in the inner wall (26). This embodiment is very similar. to the system (2) shown in figures 1a, 1b, 1c and 1d.

And in another embodiment other than the system (2) according to the invention, and during its operation, the material high temperature melting is a molten metal, such as aluminum, tin, lead or any other metal or alloy metals It can also be cast glass.

For molten material at high temperature understand that the melting point of the material in question is by above 0ºC.

In another new embodiment of the system (2) according to the invention, the material is a metal or a metal alloy whose melting point is between 0 ° C and 1,000 ° C. In a particular embodiment, the alloy is formed by metals with a low melting point

In another embodiment of the system (2) according to the invention, the molten material is a metal and the gasket (22) is, usually totally submerged in the bathroom (8) throughout the course of the material extraction and pouring operation molten. In addition, according to a preferred embodiment, and during its operation, in the system (2) the LA level is only slightly higher than the LB level. This small difference between LA and LB levels ensures that the differences between the pressure in the areas adjacent to the joint (22) of the second cuvette (6) and the pressure in the areas adjacent to the joint (22) of the first cuvette (4) remain in relatively small values and, therefore therefore, the pressure in said joint (22) is reduced as well as the amount of molten material that seeps through it (22).

It will be clear to the person skilled in the art that the system (2) according to the invention can be used to obtain samples of molten material without thereby departing from the scope of the invention.

In summary, the invention can be described in the following way: system (2) for the extraction and discharge of molten material whose melting point is above 0 ° C, especially molten metal. The extraction is carried out from a bath (8) and the pouring is done to a matrix. The system consists of a movable bucket (6) that can be moved relative to a wall (26) so that, on the one hand, said bucket (6) can be submerged in the bath (8) to collect liquid and, on the other, the bucket can be raise (6) above a certain level so that the force of gravity drops the liquid through an opening (10) located on the wall System (2) does not imply high costs and, In addition, it allows to accurately pour volumes of material molten.

Claims (8)

1. System (2) for the extraction and discharge of molten material whose melting point is above 0 ° C which is formed by: a first (4) and a second cuvette (6) that you can enter in the first (4), characterized because the second cuvette (6) is arranged in the inside the first (4) and, during operation, remains inside and in contact with the first cuvette (4); the first (4) and the second (6) buckets share a common interior wall (26) formed by a drain hole (12) that allows molten material to exit out of the system (2); Y the system incorporates a mechanism (16) to move the second cuvette (6) with respect to the common interior wall (26) and move it to a filling position to fill the second bucket (6) with the molten material of the first cuvette (4) and a pouring position to pour the molten material of the second bowl (6) through the drain hole (12). 2. System (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the common inner wall (26) is formed by a hollow inner duct (18) located vertically and arranged inside the first cuvette (4), the duct presenting inside (18) near a free end the pouring hole (12), because the second cuvette (6) is arranged around the inner duct (18), and because the movement mechanism (16) is intended to move the second bucket (6) along the inner duct (18). 3. System (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the common inner wall is formed by an inner wall of the first cuvette (4) and the drain hole is formed by an edge, a bevel or a part of the bevel of said wall and the movement mechanism (16) is intended to move the second cuvette (6) upwards and downwards along said wall. System (2) according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first (4) and the second (6) cuvettes are in contact at a point that, during operation, is submerged in the bath (8). 5. System (2) according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first (4) and the second (6) cuvettes are in contact at a point near which a joint (22) is located. 6. System (2) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also includes an adjustable carriage stop to move the second tray (6) to a certain height. 7. System (2) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the molten material is a metal or a metal alloy. System (2) according to claim 7, characterized in that the melting point of the material is between 0 ° C and 1,000 ° C.