ES2276295T3 - DIPOLAR ISSUER, ESPECIALLY DOUBLE POLARIZATION DIPOLAR ISSUER. - Google Patents

Abstract

Dual polarization emitters arrangement, with the following characteristics: - the emitter arrangement comprises several dipoles that are arranged or configured, viewed from above, as a dipole square or similar to a dipole square or with a perimeter structure similar to a square of dipoles seen from above, - each dipole is powered by a symmetrical line (115-118), - the emitter arrangement is connected and fed in such a way that the arrangement of emitters from the electrical point of view is equivalent to a cross dipole with two polarization planes (3``, 3 ") arranged perpendicular to each other that run parallel to the two diagonals formed by the arrangement of emitters, arranged perpendicularly to each other, - the halves (3''a, 3''b, 3 "a, 3" b) of dipole equivalent to a cross dipole from the electrical point of view comprise, from the point of view of the con construction, respectively two components (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b) of dipole means that are arranged so that they run transversely and preferably perpendicular and / or fundamentally perpendicular to each other and end up separated from each other in their external angular zone (20) with respect to the center of the emitter arrangement or they are connected to each other only mechanically using a non-conductive material, characterized by the following additional characteristics: - the components (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b) of respective dipole means acting together and which, from the electrical point of view, respectively form a half (3''a, 3''b; 3 "a, 3" b) of dipole are electrically connected to each other in addition to a connection with their or by their point (5 '', 5 "; 15 '', 15") of power, also by means of a second connection or crossbar (200), this second connection or crossbar (200) acting on the components (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b) of medium d ipolo acting together in pairs in each case directly or indirectly displaced with respect to the external angular zone (202).

Description

Dipole emitter, especially dipole emitter of double polarization

The invention relates to a dipole emitter according to the preamble of claim 1.

A dipole emitter that forms the generic concept it has been disclosed, for example, by WO 00/39894 or also by US 6,313,809 B1. It is a arrangement of dual polarization emitters with several dipoles which, seen from above, are arranged in each case as a square of dipoles or at least similar to a square of dipoles The arrangement of emitters formed in the form of a square of dipoles or the disposition of emitters that is close to at least one square of dipoles (observed from its external form seen from above) is configured and fed in such a way that the arrangement of emitters, from the electrical point of view, radiates in two polarization planes arranged in perpendicular one with respect to the other that run parallel with respect to the two diagonals formed by the arrangement of emitters arranged in perpendicular to each other.

An arrangement of dual issuers Polarization of this type has been proven in practice. Presents great advantages over issuer provisions previous.

One of the antenna arrangements with several dipole emitters that can be compared to the state of the art that form the generic concept mentioned above has also been disclosed by US 2002/163476 A1.

A cross dipole is known for example also by US 5,977,929 A. In this case it is a dipole in cross that, seen from above, presents a rectangular shape. The dipole halves are formed in this embodiment occupying the entire surface.

Another cross dipole is known for example by the previous publication US 5,796,372 A. The dipole halves are configured, seen from above, in the form of a kite. Halves of dipoles are formed in this case by a structure of surrounding driving that mimics the structure of a kite. In the diagonal direction along the central axis that represents the same time also the axis of symmetry for each dipole half in each case another electrical connection that runs from the center outwards. In this regard, the section of half dipole arranged left or right respectively of the axis of symmetry can also be configured as material that occupies the entire surface.

The objective of the present invention is to create, starting from the state of the art that forms the generic concept indicated at the beginning, a new improved issuer layout which has improved features especially with respect to bandwidth

The objective is solved according to the characteristics indicated in claim 1. In the dependent claims are indicated advantageous configurations of the invention.

It has to be described as more than surprising the fact that the bandwidth of an issuer arrangement that so the generic concept can be clearly improved again and with simple technical measures. Specifically this can be done according to the invention because each of the four halves of dipoles provided from the electrical point of view (of the arrangement of emitters that radiate as a dipole cross from the electrical point of view) presents in each case a connection transverse or electrically conductive crossbar, which runs transverse and preferably perpendicular with respect to the electric polarization planes. The half dipole components They are not electrically connected to each other at their outer end. In the preferred embodiment, the media components dipole end in its outer end zone separated from each other others. However, in another embodiment of the invention they can be connected to each other at this point only so mechanics using a non-conductive material.

It has now been shown that, through the measures explained above, the bandwidth of an antenna can improve again clearly.

The transverse connection mentioned or the mentioned crossbars are preferably arranged in such a way that respectively join the two half dipole components that they belong to a half dipole, and specifically so preferred at the inner end point opposite the angle point Exterior. Basically, the electrical transverse connection can be arranged or electrically connected at other points between the two half dipole components that act together in each case. Preferably, the electrical transverse connection, or crossbar, is configured as a crossbar that runs in line straight and arranged perpendicular to the plane of polarization correspondent. However, it can also be configured in the view from above at least slightly convex or concave or with other arched sections. It can also run at least partially out of the plane, in which the components are arranged Half dipole individual. In other words, the crossbar can also slightly protrude from this plane upwards or towards below, the plane mentioned above generally being that in which all the half dipole components are arranged. This plane is normally parallel to the plane of the reflector.

In the external angular zones the half dipole components that act together in each case separated from each other or connected to each other so mechanics only using a non-conductive material.

However, the transverse or transverse connection explained can also be configured as a flat element. In this case is still preferred an opening area that remains in the outer angular zone, which crosses the flat layout of the dipole halves formed in this way and that preferably is greater than at least 20% of the entire surface of one half of corresponding dipole. This opening area that crosses the dipole surface flows into a separation zone between external dipole half components that run some towards others, which can also be interpreted as border limits of the half of corresponding dipole and that, in this form of embodiment, they are not electrically connected to each other in their area external angular Dipole halves are made up in this form of realization of flat elements, respectively providing bounding edges, directed towards each other, of two halves of contiguous dipoles and that belong respectively to each other polarization, symmetrically and in this case preferably of so that they run parallel to each other. Halves of flat dipole present in this case respectively, views from above, a square conformation or a formation that approximates a square, ending the outer limits arranged outwards in each case and running towards their areas external angles over each other at least with a separation minimum with each other and, through the separation space formed of in this way, they present a union with a zone of rupture or of opening that crosses half of flat dipole. This area of opening must have at least 20% of the surface of the dipole halves. Otherwise, flat dipole halves they can also have other openings, even be configured for example as a network or grid mode. Therefore, the flat elements of the dipole halves play that function which, in the embodiment according to claim 1, perform transverse connections or electrical crossbars mentioned in it.

A dual polarization emitter with elements of issuer planes has been made known primarily by the US 6,028,563. However, dipole arms or halves dipole are configured in this case with a triangular shape, it is that is, the same dipole halves do not have a structure square. In addition, the flat dipole halves known by the prior art are also not equipped of ruptures

Other advantages follow, particularities and characteristics of the invention from the exemplary embodiments shown by the drawings, the 1 dipole emitter explained below also known as with respect to the basic structure by the aforementioned document WO 00/39894 or parallel to this US 6,313,809 B1. The attached figures show:

Figure 1, a perspective representation according to the invention of a network of antennas with three arrangements of dual polarization emitters according to the invention arranged on top of each other in vertical
lime,

Figure 2, a first embodiment example in schematic plan view of an arrangement of emitters according to the invention,

Figure 2a, an exemplary embodiment modified with respect to figure 2 corresponding to the view in plant,

Figure 3, a perspective representation of an embodiment shown in a more concrete way of a bipolar emitter according to the invention,

Figure 3a, a schematic side view of the dual polarization bipolar emitter according to the invention,

Figure 4, a plan view of a Issuance of issuers slightly modified with respect to issuer provisions that correspond to the representations in Figures 1, 2 or 3,

Figure 5, another embodiment modified with respect to figure 2,

Figure 6, another embodiment modified with respect to figure 2 and figure 5,

Figure 7, an exemplary embodiment again modified in schematic plan view,

Fig. 8, a last example of an additional modified embodiment in elevation in the plane of the dipo-
the,

Figure 9, an exemplary embodiment slightly modified with respect to figure 8 in a cross-sectional representation, transverse to the plane of the reflector, and

Figure 10, a plan view of an example of modified embodiment with dipole halves rather shaped flat.

In figure 1 it is shown in a plan view in schematic perspective a network of antennas with three emitters 1 double polarized dipoles arranged over each other, being configured the dipole emitter 1 seen from above as a square of dipoles or similar to a square of dipoles. Although half dipole components, explained more accurately with detail below, are or seem oriented in the vertical orientation of the vertical antenna network or horizontally, the aforementioned dipole emitters radiate from the electrical point of view in an orientation of + 45º or -45º with respect to the horizontal.

The three dipoles 1 mentioned are arranged in the exemplary embodiment according to figure 1 in front of a plate 33 reflective The reflector plate is equipped on its sides with opposite lateral outer margins, for example, with sections 35 of electrically conductive margins that run transverse to the reflector plane, preferably perpendicular to the plane of the reflector.

Figure 1 also shows that the square of dipoles at external limitation angles 202 can submit a free section, the components of half dipole explained in detail below they end up separated from others and in this case they are not connected to each other. This is shown through the provision 1a of issuers that is more above.

Unlike this, provisions 1 of emitters could also be configured so that the components half dipole connect electrically conductive each other in the angular zones 202, preferably in the form of a fixed mechanical union.

Likewise, halves of dipole media could be connected in the external angular zones only of mechanical way, that is, by extension pieces or parts of non-conductive insertion in the external angular zone. This zone external angular is also defined by the two components of half dipole that belong to a half of electric dipole that intersect in its outer angular zone, or at least its extensions intersect in a so-called external angular zone. In this angular zone, the dipole media components end separated from each other so that their outer angular zones Do not touch this external angular zone. However, in their areas external angles can also be mechanically connected by a mechanical and also electrically fixed connection electric

In the following provisions 1a to 1c of issuers, displaced from the angular areas inwards and transversely to the diagonal orientation of the emission planes or polarization, a transverse connection 200 is configured electric which may preferably be formed in the form of a electric crossbar that will be treated later also with more detail.

The bipolar emitter shown in Figure 2 in schematic plan view and figures 3 and 3a somewhat more concrete acts, which will be explained in more detail to then, from the electrical point of view as a dipole that radiates with a polarization of ± 45 °, that is, for example, Like a cross dipole The issuer that acts from the point of view electric as a dipole 3 in cross is drawn in figure 2 with dashed line. This emitter that acts as dipole 3 in cross from the electrical point of view with an orientation of ± 45 ° with with respect to the horizontal one is formed by a 3 'electric dipole (inclined in the + 45º direction) and a 3 '' dipole perpendicular to this one (inclined with -45º with respect to the horizontal). Each one of the two dipoles 3 ', 3' 'formed from the electrical point of view It comprises, in each case, halves 3'a and 3'b of dipoles corresponding to the dipole 3 'as well as halves 3''a and 3''b of dipoles for the 3 '' dipole. From the point of view constructive, in this case the 3'a half of dipole that is produced electrically it is formed by two components 114b and 111a of half dipole arranged perpendicular to each other. In the exemplary embodiment shown, components 114b and 111a of half dipole end with its ends that run at an angle straight with respect to each other separated from each other. In addition, they could be connected, and specifically both through a metal joint electrically conductive as by inserting an element electrically non-conductive or insulating, to ensure, by example, higher mechanical stability. At the ends of the dipole halves, these may also be equipped with smaller couplings As a complement to figure 2, shows in figure 2a that the external angular zone 202 is closed in this issue of issuers.

Correspondingly, the 3''b half of next dipole clockwise 3 '' electric planned with an orientation of -45º from the point of electrical view is formed by the two components 111b and 112a Half dipole. The second half 3'b of dipole formed in the 3'a extension of the dipole is formed by the two 112b and 113a components of half dipole and the fourth half 3''a of dipole by means of the two components 113b and 114a of half dipole of analogous way.

As can be seen in the drawings, with regarding each dipole half is planned or now available an electrical connection or crossbar 200 which, in the example of embodiment shown, is transverse, that is, especially perpendicular to the corresponding 3 'or 3' 'polarization plane. He crossbar 200 connects two components respectively half dipole, specifically components 114b and 111a medium dipole, components 111b and 112a of half dipole, the two 112b and 113a half dipole components as well as the components 113b and 114a of half dipole. This electrical connection or crossbar 200 in this case it is preferably arranged in such a way that adopts a maximum length, that is, preferably joins between the two diagonal internal diagonal zones 201 diagonally opposite from electrical or mechanical way. These inner angular zones 201 are form in each case by the end of lines 115 to 118 symmetric, that is, halves 115a to 118b of associated lines in each case and the half dipole components connected to these (representing the two line halves in each case, which belong to a half dipole component, for example the two halves 118b and 115a of line, which belong to the components 114b and 111a of medium dipole, with respect to a potential 20 zero dummy, a line asymmetric) In other words, these inner angular zones 201 they are arranged opposite to the external angular zone 202 in which, in each case, two half dipole components of a half dipole they run relative to each other, end slightly in front of these or are connected to each other mechanically by means of a fixation mechanics.

The half dipole components arranged as a square of dipoles are now fed by a line 115, 116, 117 or 118 of symmetrical feed in each case. In this regard, for example, the two dipole half components 114b and 111a, that is to say the adjacent dipole half components oriented orthogonally with respect to each other in each case, are phased in phase through a common feeding point, in this case the feeding point 15 '. The connecting lines belonging to these half-dipole components 114b, 111a are composed in each case of two line halves 118b and 115a which, considered individually, show an asymmetric line with respect to a dummy zero potential. Correspondingly, for example, the following two half dipole components 111b and 112a are electrically connected via line halves 115b or 116a with their common 5 '' power point, etc. In this connection mode, the corresponding symmetrical power line in each case is configured at the same time so that it is responsible for the mechanical fixation of the dipoles, that is to say the dipole half components. In this case, for example, of the symmetrical line 115, one of the halves 115a of the asymmetric line carries half of the dipole 111a and the second half of line 115b which preferably runs parallel electrically separated from the half of line 115a carries the second half 111b dipole. In other words, the two respective asymmetric line halves corresponding in each case to a symmetrical line 115 to 118 respectively bear the two dipole halves of a dipole 111 to 114 arranged relative to each other in axial extension. Because the line halves that are directed towards the dipole halves arranged in each case orthogonally adjacent to each other are electrically conductively connected at their feeding point, four points 15 ', 5''are produced, 15 '', 5 'of interconnection which in turn are fed symmetrically by means of the cross as it is also deduced especially from the representation according to figure 5. The global emitter that is created from it now acts by means of the phase excitation of components 114b, 111a of half dipole or components 111b and 112a or 112b and 113a or 113b and 114a of half dipole electrically as a cross dipole. Due to the specific arrangement of the line halves that are arranged in each case parallel to each other with little separation since the current flows in them in opposition to phase, it is guaranteed that the line halves do not supply any quantity by themselves. of significant irradiation, so that each irradiation is extinguished by overlapping
I lie.

The basic structure in the plan view on the arrangement of emitters according to figure 2 shows that the module of emitters presents a quadruple symmetry in the plan view. Two axes of symmetry that are arranged at right angles to each other to the other they are formed by lines 115 and 117 or 116 and 118 symmetric, the third and fourth axis of symmetry being arranged rotated 45º in the plan view on the arrangement of emitters according to figure 2 and are formed by the dipoles 3 'and 3' 'that they form from the electrical point of view.

In figure 3 it is also shown in point 5 ' interconnection and power, respectively, one of the parts of symmetry 21 and, at a short distance, opposite with respect to the point 5 central, the other part of the symmetry 21a, which serves on the one hand for mechanical fixation of the dipole structure on the plate reflector and, on the other hand, allows the transition to lines of asymmetric power (for example, coaxial lines) in the interconnection point

Correspondingly shown special in figure 3 that the interconnection point 15 'for half dipole components 114b, 111a as well as point 15 '' of opposite interconnection for the 112b, 113a media components dipoles are formed in the area of symmetry 22 and 180º or so opposite in symmetry 22a which again also, on the one hand, serves for mechanical fixation of the dipole structure to a plate 33 rear reflector and, on the other hand, allows the transition to asymmetric power line (or coaxial line) at the point of interconnection. In this case, in figure 3 it can look very good, how the power is supplied through a connection crossed with a first connection bridge 121 and a second bridge 122 of connection displaced 90º with respect to the first in the opposite symmetries 21 and 21 or 22 and 22 in each case. The bridges 121 and 122 connection mentioned last are arranged with vertical separation from one another, that is, not connected electrically with each other.

In this case, from figure 3 you can it should also be noted that, for example, bridge 122 in the form of plug is mechanically fixed in the middle of the symmetry 21 arranged in the back of figure 3 and there is electrically connected with symmetry 22, while the opposite free end of this pin-shaped bridge protrudes through a corresponding hole of greater dimension through from the anterior half of symmetry 22a, without being connected electrically with this symmetry 22a. This opens the possibility of bring up a coaxial cable for power in front of symmetry 22a, electrically link the external conductor to the symmetry at an appropriate point and connect the internal conductor in the free end of bridge 121 and, through this, carry out the feeding. Also the second part of bridge 121 is built correspondingly, that is, mechanically placed with its rear end in symmetry 22 and electrically connected to this, while the opposite free end protrudes through a larger dimension hole without electrical contact through the symmetry 21a arranged to the right in the anterior part in the Figure 3. At this point, the second coaxial cable can be laid from below, for example, parallel to the symmetry, the conductor external can be electrically connected with symmetry and internal conductor can be connected to the free end of the bridge 121 in the form of a plug.

Only for greater understanding is mentioned that other connection possibilities are also possible, by example in such a way that an internal conductor between the respective symmetries are conducted from top to bottom and then in a suitable point at the upper end of an associated symmetry, it connect to allow symmetric power through this. He external conductor can be guided by a part of this section or connect electrically already at a lower level with half of the opposite symmetry in each case. Possible changes of the Feeding is explained by way of example only.

In other words, the feeding is done therefore crosswise between points 5 ', 5' 'or 15', 15 ''. The mentioned electrical line halves 115a to 118b are arranged in this case in pairs symmetrically with each other, respectively, that is, the adjacent power line halves respectively of two half dipole components arranged adjacently they run parallel to each other with a separation relatively small, this separation corresponding preferably at the separation 55 between the directed ends towards each other respectively of the dipole halves corresponding, that is, for example, to the separation between ends directed towards each other of halves 111a, 111b of dipole, etc. In principle, in this regard, the line halves they can run parallel with respect to a reflector plate posterior in the plane of the half dipole components. TO difference from this, in the embodiment according to the figures 2 and 3 shows an embodiment in which also the halves of line representing the support device for half dipole components are mounted slightly inclined based on their associated symmetry and end up with the half dipole components that can be arranged parallel to a rear reflector plate 33. This is related to the range of emitting or receiving electromagnetic waves since the height of the symmetry on the reflector plate 33 must correspond to approximately λ / 4 and, with respect to the radiation characteristic, may be desirable, if applicable, that dipoles and halves of dipoles should be arranged closer with with respect to the reflector plate 33.

Because of this provision, therefore, a dipole always acts simultaneously for polarization + 45º and -45º, in fact producing +45 'polarization or polarization -45º resulting, unlike spatially orientation geometric of the individual half dipole components in the horizontal and vertical direction, only by combining of the issuing parties, in other words, the emitter 3 of dipoles in cross with polarization X from the electrical point of view drawn in figure 2. The principle of operation is that currents in the connection or supply lines arranged parallel to each other and adjacent in each case, is that is, in electrical lines 115a they overlap in phase with the current in the electric line 115b as well as the current in the line 116a with that on power line 116b, etc., of such so that they do not radiate together, or do so insignificant, and at the same time by overlapping currents at the feeding points a decoupling of the 5 ', 5' 'feed points with respect to to points 15 ', 15' 'of power.

Only for greater understanding is mentioned also that the configuration of the arrangement of emitters reproduced in the drawings is such that the edges (111a ', 114b'; 112a ', 111b'; 113a ', 112b'; 114a ', 113b') of limitation of half dipole components directed outwards form the minus about a square seen from above and surround and delimit a square structure, and these limiting edges do not they are electrically connected to each other in zone 202 external angular

Figure 1 shows that using a dual polarization dipole emitter 1 explained by Figures 2 to 4 a network of antennas can also be built corresponding with several 1 dipole emitters arranged superimposed, for example, in the vertical mounting direction, which they describe all together from an electrical point of view an antenna polarized at +45 'or -45' despite half dipole components oriented vertically and horizontally.

The issuer provisions shown in the Figure 1 with its respective symmetry are arranged in each case on a reflector plate 33 which, in the direction of assembly of the individual emitter modules, on opposite sides, is equipped of electrically conductive edges 35 that run perpendicular to the reflector plane.

However, unlike the examples of embodiment shown, it is also possible to perform the feeding electrical in the dipole halves not in the area of symmetry and in the line halves electrically fixed in symmetry 21, 21a or 22, 22a and that also carry out the support function. TO Unlike this, it is possible that elements 115a to 118b drawn in figures 2 to 5b are configured as elements of non-conductive support for dipole halves and that lines 115 to 118 go directly from below through the reflector plate 33 towards the ends 215a, 215b, 216a, 216b, 217a, 217b or 218a, 218b connection. In this respect it is advantageous that in the feeding point of the dipole halves is achieved a symmetric or approximately symmetrical separation and feeding of the dipole halves is performed in a correlative manner in the phase position described. In addition, the power lines can also run along or parallel to the elements of wire. In this case, the preferred embodiment is that in which the wire elements are at the same time electrically conductive and serve as power lines. Finally, it is also conceivable that, in a similar case, support elements 115a to 118b for dipole halves from the constructive point of view are fully configured different and arranged so that they run differently, by example, from connection points 215a to 218b, starting from the center of the dipole halves or that run, from the area angle of the dipole halves arranged perpendicular ones compared to others, respectively, perpendicular or inclined down towards reflector 33 and be anchored there mechanically.

In addition, unlike this, it can be conceived also that the reflector itself is configured as a plate conductive, that is, for example on the upper side of a plate conductor on which the entire antenna arrangement is mounted. The corresponding feeding can be done on the side rear of the conductive plate, running from there the electric line halves along a suitable path to the 215a to 218b connection points mentioned. To get one best possible irradiation characteristic, only Pay attention to these line halves, regardless of how they address the connection points in the halves of dipole, are oriented as much, that is, fundamentally or less approximately parallel to each other, in others words that produce fundamentally or approximately one line  symmetric

Figure 4 reproduces a view in plant of an issuer arrangement, which can be compared in principle with the arrangement of issuers, as shown by means of figure 1, figure 2 as well as figures 3 and 3a. The emitter arrangement shown in figure 4 in plan view (ie perpendicular to the reflector plane) presents half dipole components, which end in angular zones 202 external without touching with a small separation from each other. In this case, the half dipole components may be finished forming a single piece. The mentioned crossbars 200 are a One-piece component part of the dipole half respective. In the plan view according to figure 4, they can be seen in addition, the 121 and 122 pin-shaped bridges arranged in cross. The internal conductors of a coaxial line for the power for both polarizations can be conducted towards up in 400 channels or ruptures that run perpendicular to the drawing plane or reflector plane, forming so preferred at the upper end directly in the area of connection the external conductor of the coaxial line directly through the metal support structure, which serves the same time for symmetry while the inner conductor is electrically connected to bridge 122, thanks to which the second half 3''a of opposite dipole is electrically powered. The structure forms in this case the external conductor itself. For the polarization arranged displaced 90º, the connection is made via a coaxial line, such that, on the other channel 400, the external conductor of the coaxial line is formed by the own metal structure and at the top end in the area of the dipole emitters the external conductor of the coaxial line or power is electrically connected with the 3b 'half of corresponding dipole while the inner conductor is electrically connected to bridge 121 that is connected electrically without touching with the 3'a half of opposite dipole passing beyond another bridge 122.

As reproduced by view in schematic plan according to figure 5, these crossbars 200 electrically connecting the two media components dipole that act together, in each case, can be arranged if necessary also elsewhere. In the embodiment example according to figure 5, these crossbars 200 are arranged from their central position (as also shown in figures 1 to 4) moved further towards its outer angular zone 202. However, in this embodiment example are still willing transversely, that is perpendicular to the 3 'and 3' 'plane of respective polarization. In certain circumstances the crossbars 200 can also be arranged displaced in the direction opposite (this is drawn with dashed lines as an example in figure 5), the connection points 200 'being then arranged electric not in the dipole half components nor in the end of half dipole components opposite their zones 202 external angles, but on lines 115, 116, 117 and 118 symmetrical, that is, in the line halves that act together in pairs respectively for one half of dipole

As shown by figures 6 and 7, this electrical connection or crossbar 200 does not have to run necessarily in a straight line. It is also possible that this electrical connection or crossbar 200 is formed, viewed from above, for example at least slightly concave or convex. The connection electric or crossbar 200 can also be configured and arranged at least slightly arc-shaped so that the section of corresponding connection run at least partially above or below the plane that is formed by the middle components dipole

Through figure 8, represented in vertical cross section, transverse to the reflector plane 33 shown (as in figure 9) that the crossbars or 200 transverse connections can also be configured from the another plane of the dipole halves so that they run from arched way up or down (ie oriented from or to the reflector plate).

Figure 10 shows in view in schematic plant that a corresponding issuer provision it can also present dipole halves that, also in view in plant, have square or approximately square structures in which, however, the dipole surfaces in the area internal are not configured basically free or empty but They occupy the entire surface.

The crossbar or cross connection 200 explained by figures 1 to 9 is formed in the example of embodiment according to figure 10 by means of a flat 200 'element, forming the edges 115a 'to 118b' of limitation directed about towards others respectively in embodiments 1 to 9 through the lines of symmetry that run symmetrically and preferably parallel to each other. The edges 111a 'a 114b 'of limitation directed outwards correspond, from the functional point of view in the embodiments according to Figures 1 to 9, to components 111a to 114b of half dipole drawn on them. The opening zone 300 in halves 3'a a 3''b flat-shaped dipole are formed in the examples of embodiment according to figures 1 to 9 by zone 300 of corresponding opening that is formed by the crossbars 200 drawn on them and the components 111a to 113b of medium dipole directed outwards respectively. In the example according to figure 10, the external angular zone 202 is configured preferably open also so that the opening 300 is not limited outwardly by this space 202 of separation and, especially from the electrical point of view, not It is framed tightly. However, a non-conductive angular element that serves only for mechanical stability, as drawn with dashed lines in the plan view according to figure 10 for half the dipole that It has in the upper right. The opening zone 300 mentioned is preferably at least 20% with respect to the global size or external limit of the square structure or similar to a square, seen from above, of the corresponding arrangement which acts electrically as half 3'a, 3'b or 3``a, 3''b of dipole.

Claims (14)

1. Dual issuer provision polarization, with the following characteristics:

-

the Issuer arrangement comprises several dipoles that are arranged or they are configured, viewed from above, as a square of dipoles or similar to a square of dipoles or with a structure perimeter similar to a square of dipoles seen from above,

-

every dipole is fed by a line (115-118) symmetric,

-

the emitter arrangement is connected and fed in such a way that the arrangement of emitters from the electrical point of view is equivalent to a cross dipole with two planes (3 ', 3' ') of polarization arranged perpendicular to each other that they run parallel with respect to the two diagonals formed through the arrangement of emitters, arranged perpendicularly a regarding the other,

-

the halves (3'a, 3'b, 3''a, 3''b) of dipole equivalent to a dipole in cross from the electrical point of view comprise, from the point of view of view of the construction, respectively two components (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b) of half dipole that arranged so that they run transversely and preferably perpendicular and / or fundamentally perpendicular ones with respect to others and end up separated from each other in their angular zone (20) external with respect to the center of the arrangement of issuers or it connect to each other only mechanically using a non-conductive material,

characterized by the following additional features:

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the components (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b) of respective half dipole that act together and that, from the electric point of view, respectively form a half (3'a, 3'b; 3``a, 3''b) of dipole are electrically connected to each other in addition to a connection with his or her point (5 ', 5' '; 15', 15 '') power supply, also through a second connection or crossbar (200), this second connection or crossbar (200) acting in the components (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b) half dipole acting together in pairs in each case directly or indirectly displaced with respect to the area (202) external angular

2. Arrangement of dual polarization emitters according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical or transverse transverse connection (200) is connected to the respective dipole half dipole components (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b) in each case and / or the corresponding symmetrical line (115-118) in each case at a point away from the external angular zone (202). 3. Arrangement of dual polarization emitters according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an opening (300) is provided between the electrical transverse connection or crossbar (200) and the external angular zone (202) that crosses the plane of the halves ( 3'a, 3'b;3''a,3''b) of corresponding dipole, whose surface size corresponds to at least 20% of the entire surface of the half (3'a, 3'b; 3 '' a, 3''b) of corresponding dipole, so that the limiting edges (111a ', 114b'; 112a ', 111b'; 113a ', 112b'; 114a ', 113b') are not outward electrically connected to each other in the corresponding external angular zone (202). 4. Arrangement of dual polarization emitters according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the area that is defined by the crossbar (200), the parts of the two components (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b) of half dipole in each case directed towards the point (5 ', 5'';15', 15 '') of power and connected with the crossbar (200) and / or the point (5 ', 5''; 15 ', 15'') of corresponding power, is configured occupying the entire surface, and because the components (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b) of half dipole that run towards each other in the area (202) corresponding external angular end up separated from each other, presenting the area between the crossbar (200) and the angular area (202), which is also partially limited outwards by the remaining part of the components (111a, 114b; 112a , 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b) of half dipole, an opening or rupture (300). 5. Arrangement of dual polarization emitters according to claim 4, characterized in that the external limits (111a ', 114b'; 112a ', 111b'; 113a ', 112b'; 114a ', 113b') are formed outwards as components (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b) of medium
dipole 6. Dual polarization emitters arrangement according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the crossbar or transverse connection (200) is formed as a flat section that is indirectly connected with at least the limits (111a ', 114b'; 112a ', 111b'; 113a ', 112b'; 114a ', 113b') external indicating outwardly or components (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b) of half dipole imitated by them. 7. Arrangement of dual polarization emitters according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the transverse electrical or transverse connection (200) is electrically connected with the components (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b ) of corresponding half dipole in each case at a point (200) that is connected with electrical connection is disposed between the external angular zone (202) and the opposite end zone of the components (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b) of half dipole. 8. Arrangement of dual polarization emitters according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the electrical transverse connection (200) runs straight. 9. Arrangement of dual polarization emitters according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the transverse connection (200) is provided with at least one curvature. 10. Arrangement of dual polarization emitters according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the electrical connection or crossbar (200), seen from above, is provided with at least one concave or convex curvature. 11. Arrangement of dual polarization emitters according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the electrical connection or crossbar (200) is arranged in the plane in which the components are also located (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a , 112b; 114a, 113b) of half dipole. 12. Arrangement of dual polarization emitters according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the electrical or transverse transverse connection (200) with at least one curvature runs in such a way that at least one section of the electrical or transverse transverse connection ( 200) is located outside the plane in which the components (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b) of half dipole are arranged. 13. Arrangement of dual polarization emitters according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that all components (111a, 114b; 112a, 111b; 113a, 112b; 114a, 113b) of half dipole, including the transverse electrical or transverse connection (200), are configured in one piece. 14. Arrangement of dual polarization emitters according to claim 4, characterized in that the opening or rupture (200) has a size that is at least 20% of the arrangement acting electrically as half (3'a, 3'b;3''a,3''b) of dipole.