ES2374322T3 - HEAT EXCHANGER WITH PLATES. - Google Patents

Abstract

A plate heat exchanger comprising a plate package (1) having a frame plate (2), a pressure plate (4) and a plurality of heat exchange plates (3), which are arranged between the frame plate (2) and pressure plate (4), in which the plate package (1) has two opposite short sides (1a, 1b) and two opposite long sides (1c, 1d) and defines a central geometric axis (x) which extends centrally along the frame plate (2), in which the heat exchange plates (3) are arranged side by side and form a plurality of spaces (5, 6) between the plates which comprise first spaces (5) between the plates, arranged to receive a first medium with a relatively low first working pressure, and a second spaces (6) between the plates arranged to receive a second medium with a second relatively high working pressure, in which the frame plate (2) and each of the heat exchange plates (3) has four ports which form four holes (11 to 14) that extend through the frame plate (2) and heat exchange plates ( 3), and and wherein the plate package (1) comprises one or several first fixing members (30, 40) which are located on the first short side (1a), and one or several second fixing members (40 ) which are located on the second short side (1b), characterized in that the fixing members (30, 40) are located in relation to the central geometric axis (x) and the holes (11 to 14) such that the forces caused by the difference between the first working pressure and the second working pressure are balanced, in which the set of the one or several first fixing elements (30) and the set of the one or several second fixing elements ( 40) have a common center of gravity (50) located at the lad or of the central geometric axis (x).

Description

Plate heat exchanger

The field of the invention

The present invention relates to a plate heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1. US 2005/0121182 discloses an oil refrigerant according to the preamble of claim 1.

The background of the invention and prior art

In said plate heat exchangers having first spaces between the plates for a first medium of a relatively low first working pressure and with a few second spaces between the plates for a second medium with a relatively high working pressure, some tensions and asymmetric forces with respect to the central geometric axis that extends centrally along the frame plate of the plate package in the middle position of the ports and substantially in parallel with the long sides of the plate package. Said asymmetric forces can lead to an increased load on the fixing of the plate package, in particular, on the side where the holes relate to the second means with the highest working pressure.

US 2005/0121182 discloses an oil refrigerant having a plate package comprising a frame plate, a pressure plate and a plurality of heat exchange plates between the frame plate and the pressure plate. The heat exchange plates are arranged next to each other and form first spaces between the oil plates and a second space between the plates for a cooling medium. The frame plate and each of the heat exchange plates have four holes, which form four holes that extend through the frame plate and the heat exchange plates. The frame plate comprises a plurality of fixing members located around and outside the periphery of the plate package.

Summary of the invention

The aim of the present invention is to provide an improved fixation for a plate package of a plate heat exchanger designed to receive two heat exchange means with different working pressures.

This objective is achieved by the initially defined plate heat exchanger, which is characterized in that the fixing members are located asymmetrically in relation to the central geometric axis of the holes, such that the forces caused by the difference between the The first working pressure and the second working pressure are balanced, in which the set of said one or several first fixing elements and the set of one or several second fixing elements have a common geometric center of gravity located next to the axis central geometric By means of said asymmetric positioning of the fixing members in relation to the central geometric axis and the holes, unevenly distributed forces caused by the different working pressures of the heat exchange means can be balanced. The exact placement of the fixing members can be calculated from the number of the fixing members, the effective working pressures and the placement of the holes in relation to each other and with respect to the central geometric axis.

All fixings thus have a common geometric center of gravity represented by a central force for the forces, which can be absorbed by the fixings. This central force can thus be located next to the central geometric axis and, advantageously, in proximity to, at the same point or substantially at the same point, as the center of gravity constituted by the asymmetric forces mentioned with anteriority.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the holes comprise a first entry hole and a first exit hole for the first means, which communicate with the first spaces between the plates that are arranged on a first side of the geometric axis central, and a second entrance hole and a second exit hole for the second medium, which communicate with the second spaces between the plates and are arranged on the second side of the central geometric axis. Advantageously, the common center of gravity can then be located on the second side of the central geometric axis.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the fixing members consist of a first fixing member and a second fixing member, in which these two fixing members can both be placed on the second side. For certain, especially relatively small, plate heat exchangers, it is sufficient if the plate package has two fixing members along the short sides, that is, simply two fixing points. For said plate heat exchanger, it is advantageous if both fixing points are located on the side where the working pressure is the highest.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the fixing members consist of a first fixing member and two second fixing members, in which at least the first fixing member and one of the second fixing members are located on the second side of the central geometric axis. For certain plate heat exchangers, at least three fixing points are required, in which at least two of these are advantageously located on the side where the working pressure is the highest.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the fixing members consist of two first fixing members and two second fixing means, in which at least one of the first fixing members and one of the second fixing means fixing are located on the second side of the central geometric axis. For heat exchangers with larger plates, at least four fixing points are required, in which at least two of these points are advantageously located on the side where the working pressure is the highest. In accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, the fixing members are designed as fixing tabs that extend outwardly from the frame plate. These fixing tabs can then extend in parallel with the main extension plane of the frame plate. One or more of the fixing tabs may, advantageously, be provided with a hole for receiving a fixing element, such as a screw.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the first spaces between the plates and the second spaces between the plates are arranged in alternating order within the plate package, in which the space between the plates, which is located more Next to the frame plate is a first space between the plates. The space between the plates located closest to the frame plate is therefore a space between the plates with a relatively low working pressure. Said arrangement is advantageous from the thermal point of view.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the frame plate, the heat exchange plates and the pressure plate are permanently joined together.

In accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, the plate heat exchanger comprises a connection member that has a bearing surface that supports the frame plate of the plate package and comprises four connection conduits opposite to a respective hole of the four holes. Advantageously, the connecting member may comprise a plurality of fasteners that are arranged to be fitted with a respective fastener member of the fastener members for fastening the plate package to the bearing surface.

Brief description of the drawings

The present invention will now be analyzed more fully by means of a description of various embodiments and with reference to the drawings attached thereto.

Fig. 1

shows a side view of a plate heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2

shows a perspective view towards a frame plate of a heat exchanger with plates of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3

shows a perspective view plates of Fig. 1 towards a heat exchanger pressure plate with

Fig. 4

shows a perspective view towards a frame plate of a heat exchanger with plates according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5

shows a perspective view towards a pressure plate of a heat exchanger with plates of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6

shows a perspective view towards a frame plate of a plate heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7

shows a perspective view towards a pressure plate of the heat exchanger with plates of Fig. 6.

Detailed description of various embodiments of the invention

Figs. 1 to 3 show a side view of a plate heat exchanger comprising a plate package 1 with a frame plate 2, a plurality of heat exchange plates 3 and a pressure clamp 4. The plates 2, 3 4, they extend substantially in parallel with respect to a main extension plane p. The frame plate 2 and the frame plate 4 are arranged on a respective side of the heat exchange plates 3. In the disclosed embodiments, the frame plate 2, all heat exchange plates 3 and the pressure plates 4 they are permanently attached to each other, by means of brazing, glue, welding or similar means.

The heat exchange plates 3 of the plate package 1 form a plurality of spaces between the plates comprising first spaces 5 between the plates for a first medium and a second spaces 6 between the plates for a second medium. The spaces 5, 6 between the plates are arranged in alternating order in the plate package 1, such that every two spaces between the plates is a space 6 between the plates and the remaining spaces between the plates are the spaces 5 between the plates. In the disclosed embodiments, the space between the plates closest to the frame plate 2 is a first space 5 between the plates, see Fig. 1.

The first spaces 5 between the plates are arranged to receive a first means that has a relatively low first working pressure. The second spaces 6 between the plates are arranged to receive a second means having a relatively high second working pressure. The disclosed plate heat exchanger is indicated to be arranged in a hot water heating apparatus. In said application, the first spaces 5 between the plates can receive and conduct a first medium, in this case a primary means for heating a second medium, which, then, is a secondary medium consisting of a hot water tap , which is received and conducted through the second spaces 6 between the plates. In a typical assumption, the working pressure of the primary medium disposed in the first spaces 5 between the plates may be 2 to 4 bar, for example, approximately 3 bar, while the working pressure of the secondary medium arranged in the second 6 spaces between the plates can be from 8 to 12 bars, for example about 10 bars.

The plate package 1 has two opposite short sides 1a and 1b and two opposite long sides 1c and 1d, see Fig. 3. The plate package 1 defines a central geometric axis x which extends centrally along the frame plate 2 in parallel with or substantially in parallel with the two long sides 1c and 1d. The plate package 1 has, seen in the direction of the frame plate 2, a first side with respect to the first central geometric axis x and a second side 16 with respect to the central geometric axis x.

The frame plate 2 and each of the heat exchange plates 3 have 4 ports which form four holes 11, 12, 13 and 14 that extend through the frame plate 2 and the heat exchange plates 3. The holes 11 to 14 comprise a first inlet opening 11 and a first outlet opening 12 for the first means, and a second inlet opening 13 and a second outlet opening 14 for the second opening. The first entrance hole 11 and the first exit hole 12 communicate with the first spaces 5 between the plates that are arranged on the first side 15 of the central geometric axis x. The second entrance hole 13 and the second exit hole 14 communicate with the second spaces 6 between the plates and are arranged on the second side 16 of the central geometric axis x. In the disclosed embodiments, the two means, therefore, flow parallel to each other, but in opposite directions (see Figs. 2 and 4, or in the same direction, see Fig. 6.

In the disclosed embodiments, the holes 11 to 14 are symmetrical with respect to the central geometric axis x, which means that the holes 11 and 12 arranged on the first side 15 are located at the same absolute distance from the geometric center X that holes 13 and 14 located on the second side 16.

The plate heat exchanger comprises or cooperates with a connection member 18 having a bearing surface 19 that rests on the frame plate 2 of the plate package 1 in an assembled position when the plate package 1 is ready to be mounted . The connection member 18 comprises four connection conduits 21, 22, 23 and 24, which are located opposite a respective hole of the four holes 11 to 14 in the assembled position. Each connection conduit 21 to 24 has a hole in the bearing surface 19. Each of said holes is surrounded by a joint 25 which tightly closes the transition between the respective holes 11 to 14 and 21 to 24 in the mounted position. . It should be noted that the connection member 18 may belong to the plate heat exchanger or to the apparatus on which the plate package 1 is to be arranged.

The plate package 1 comprises one or several first fixing means 30 which are fixed on a first of the short sides 1a, and one or several second fixing members 40 which are located on the second short side 1b. The fixing members 30, 40 are, in the disclosed embodiments, composed of the frame plate 2, but may, for example, also be arranged on any other plate, for example on a reinforcement plate arranged on the outside of the frame plate 2. The fixing members 30, 40 are located relative to the central geometric axis x and with the holes 11 to 14 such that the forces caused by the difference between the first working pressure and the second working pressure They are balanced.

The fixing members 30, 40 are designed as fixing tongues that extend outwardly from the frame plate 2. Such fixing tongues may advantageously constitute an integrated part of the frame plate 2 or, more precisely, of the sheet constituting the frame plate 2. The fixing members 30, 40 may, of course, comprise a different form than the one disclosed and, for example, may comprise a sheet wider than the disclosed tongues. The fixing members 30, 40 are arranged to be fitted with corresponding fixings 46 of the connection member 18 in the assembled position.

In the disclosed embodiments, each fixing member 30, 40 comprises a hole 45 for receiving a screw (not shown) designed to extend through the hole 45 until it penetrates a preferably threaded hole that constitutes the aforementioned fixing 46 of the connecting member 16. The holes 45 of the fixing members 30, 40 are thus located opposite to the corresponding holes of the fixing 46 of the connecting member 18. It should be noted that the fixing members 30, 40, for example, can be constituted by a respective sheet that extends along the whole of the respective short side 1a, 1b with holes arranged in corresponding positions as in the disclosed embodiments. Likewise, it should be noted that one or more of the fixing means 30, 40 may lack holes and be designed to be inserted, for example, in corresponding receptacles, sucs, recesses or similar elements arranged in the connecting member 18.

In the first embodiment disclosed in Figs. 2 and 3, the fixing means comprise or consist of a single fixing member 30 located on the first short side 1a and a single second fixing member 40 located on the second short side 1b. Both fixing members 30, 40 are then located on the second side 16 of the central geometric axis x, that is, the side comprising the holes 13 and 14 for the second medium with the highest working pressure. In this embodiment, the moment around the fixing members 30, 40 must, more specifically, be as small as possible in order to reduce the risk of leakage, which means that the two fixing members 30, 40 must be located at the same distance from the center line x, for example, between the center line x and the center points of the holes 13, 14 and, ultimately, the fixing members 30, 40 are positioned to be aligned with the center points of the holes 13, 14.

In the second embodiment disclosed in Figs. 4 and 5, the fixing means comprise or consist of a single first fixing member 30 on the first short side 1a and two second fixing means 40 on the second short side 1b. The first fixing member 30 and one of the second fixing means 40 are then fixed on the second side 16 of the central geometric axis x, that is, the side comprising the holes 13 and 14 for the second means with the working pressure higher. In this case, the fixing members 30, 40 must be moved towards the second side 16, so that the two fixing members located on the second side 16 must be located between the center line x and the center points of the holes 13, 14. Preferably, all angles of the triangle constituted by the fixing members 30, 40 are smaller than or equal to 90 °.

In the third embodiment disclosed in Figs. 6 and 7, the fixing means comprise or consist of two first fixing means 30 and two second fixing means 40. One of the first fixing members 30 and one of the second fixing means 40 are then placed on the second 16 side of the central geometric axis x. The fixing members 30, 40 are positioned such that the fixing members 30, 40 located on the second side 16 of the central geometric axis x are located a greater distance from the central axis x than the fixing members 30, 40 arranged on the first side 15 of the central geometric axis x. Timely, one of the fixing members 30, 40 is located along each long side 1a, 1b on a respective side of the central geometric axis x. All fixing members 30, 40 are opportunely located at an absolute distance from the center line x which is less than or equal to the distance from the center line to the holes 11, 12 and 13, 14, respectively. Commonly for all the disclosed embodiments is that all, that is, one or more of the first fixing members 30 and all, that is, one or several of the second fixing members 40, have a geometric center of gravity of gravity 50 which is located on the second side 16 of the central geometric axis x that is, the side comprising the holes 13 and 14 for the second medium with the highest working pressure. In this way, the aforementioned balance of the pressure difference between the working pressures is achieved. All the fixing means 30, 40 thus form a geometric figure, which in the disclosed examples is a straight line (see Fig. 2, a triangle, see Fig. 4 or a rectangle, see Fig. 6. In in cases where the fixing members 30, 40 form a geometric figure in the form of a straight line or a rectangle the center of gravity 50 is also the center of the geometric figure, that is, the absolute distance from the center to each of the fixing members 30, 40 is the same, it should be noted that the plate package 1, of course, can comprise several fixing means 30, 40 and / or fixing members 30, 40 forming other figures geometric different from those disclosed herein.

It should be noted that the placement of the fixing members 30, 40 is designed, in the present application, to place the position of the fixing members 30, 40 in the extension plane p. More specifically, it is indicated for a position for a point of each of the fixing members 30, 40 in which the fixing forces of the fixing member are concentrated. The position of the fixing members 30, 40 in depth, that is, perpendicular to the extension plane p, can vary, so that the fixings 46 of the connecting member are located in correspondence with said position of the fixing members 30 , 40. The fixing members 30, 40 may have an extension plane as in the embodiments described above, but also a curved or angled extension for fitting with the fixings 46. The fixing members 30, 40 can then be connected to the plate package 1 at a certain distance from the frame plate 2.

The invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but can be varied and modified within the scope of the subsequent claims. In disclosed embodiments the holes are symmetrical as mentioned above, with respect to the central geometric axis x. Within the scope of the invention, it is possible to allow at least a certain asymmetry in this regard with the definition in which the center of gravity mentioned above must be located with the second side of the geometric axis x. In any case, the fixing members 30, 40 must also be placed in relation to the central geometric axis x and the holes 11 to 14, so that the geometric forces mentioned above are balanced.

Claims (12)

1. A plate heat exchanger comprising a plate package (1) having a frame plate (2), a pressure plate (4) and a plurality of heat exchange plates (3), which are arranged between the frame plate (2) and the pressure plate (4), wherein the plate package (1) has two opposite short sides (1a, 1b) and two opposite long sides (1c, 1d) and defines a central geometric axis (x) which extends centrally along the frame plate (2), wherein the heat exchange plates (3) are arranged side by side and form a plurality of spaces (5, 6) between the plates which comprise first spaces (5) between the plates, arranged to receive a first medium with a relatively low first working pressure, and a few second spaces (6) between the plates arranged to receive a second medium with a relatively high second working pressure, wherein the frame plate (2) and each of the heat exchange plates (3) has four ports which form four holes (11 to 14) extending through the frame plate (2) and the heat exchange plates (3), and and wherein the plate package (1) comprises one or several first fixing members (30, 40) which are located on the first short side (1a), and one or several second fixing members (40) which they are located on the second short side (1b), characterized in that the fixing members (30, 40) are located in relation to the central geometric axis (x) and the holes (11 to 14) such that the forces caused by the difference between the first working pressure and the second working pressure is balanced, in which the set of the one or several first fixing elements (30) and the set of the one or several second fixing elements (40) have a common center of gravity (50) located next to it of the central geometric axis (x). 2. A plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the holes comprise a first entrance hole (11) and a first exit hole (12) for the first means, which communicate with the first spaces (5) between the plates and are arranged on a first side (15) of the central geometric axis ( x), y a second entrance hole (13) and a second exit hole (14) for the second means, which communicate with the second spaces (6) between the plates and are arranged on the second side (16) of the central geometric axis ( x). 3. A heat exchanger with plates according to claim 2, wherein the common center of gravity (50) is located on the second side (16) of the central geometric axis (x). 4. A heat exchanger with plates according to any one of claims 2 and 3, wherein the fixing members consist of a first fixing member (30) and a second fixing member (40). 5. A heat exchanger with plates according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the fixing members (30, 40) are located on the second side (16) of the central geometric axis (x). 6. A plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the fixing members consist of a first fixing member (30) and two second fixing members (40), in which at least the first fixing member (30) and one of the second fixing members (40) are located on the second side (16) of the central geometric axis (x). 7. A plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the fixing members consist of two first fixing members (30) and two second fixing members (40), in the one that at least one of the first fixing members (30) and one of the second fixing members (40) are located on the second side (16) of the central geometric axis (x). 8. A heat exchanger with plates according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fixing members (30, 40) are designed as fixing tabs that extend outwardly from the frame plate (2). 9. A heat exchanger with plates according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first spaces (5) between the plates and the second spaces (6) between the plates are arranged in an alternate order within the package of plates (1), in which the space between the plates that is located closest to the frame plate is a first space (5) between the plates. 10. A heat exchanger with plates according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the frame plate (2), heat exchange plates (3) and pressure plates (4) are permanently connected between yes. 11. A heat exchanger with plates according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a connecting member (18) with a bearing surface (19) which is supported on the frame plate (2) of the package of plates (1) and comprises four connecting ducts (21 to 24) which are located opposite to a respective hole of the four holes (11 to 14). 12. A heat exchanger with plates according to claim 11, wherein the connecting member (18) comprises a plurality of fixings (46) which are arranged to be fitted with a respective member of the fixing members (30, 40) for fixing the plate package (1) with the support surface ( 19).