ES2465745A2 - Concrete float for nautica (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Concrete float for nautical. The concrete float consists of a prismatic body of irregular base and with the lower vertices provided with reinforcement profiles, constituting a concrete structure for a low density material, such as expanded polystyrene, and whose concrete is divided into a series of sectors, presenting a sector superior or surface of load, lateral partitions, a second sector inferior to these, a third sector inferior to these and finally a fourth sector equally inferior to the same, so that the density of the concrete in each one of these sectors are increasing in increasing direction from the top or load surface to the bottom, all in order to achieve a center of gravity located at low elevation and always above the center of gravity. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a concrete float for nautical, which can be used as an independent unit or linked to other analogous units, and in any case intended for the construction of various functional systems such as shelter breakwaters, loading swamps, swamps recreational nautical, leisure platforms, aquaculture systems, industrial use platforms (energy, signage, etc.), among others.

The object of the invention is to achieve a high performance concrete float that improves safety, stability, load capacity and high inertial value, compared to other conventional floats.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Currently and despite the existence of floats based on the use of polyester and galvanized steel, however, for the construction of quality marinas and / or marshlands, concrete floats are normally used, since they provide greater durability in marine environments than those of metal and polyester

However, known concrete floats have a high center of gravity, so they are unstable individually and only acquire stability when joined together and by a superior structure, such as a dock.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The concrete float that is recommended has been conceived to solve the above-mentioned problem, based on presenting a rectangular prismatic configuration, with an irregular base, forming a kind of lower central dihedral, comprising a concrete structure, with parts and areas thereof of different density and high impermeability and resistance, whose structure encloses a lightweight material, such as expanded polystyrene blocks with or without fibers, or with porous ceramic fibers of very low density, said low density blocks being encapsulated in plastic for greater safety, both in its operation and in the production process.

The support edges of the float have a metallic edging, preferably based on an aluminum profile, without ruling out that this edging may be formed by a plastic corner of sufficient thickness to conveniently perform its protective function.

It is also envisioned that the concrete float may include structural reinforcement executed with mineral fiber, preferably.

All these characteristics make the float have a center of care below the center of gravity, and this in turn well below the metacenter, also offering high durability.

In short, the structural and compositional characteristics of the float allow for a distance between the center of gravity and the large metacentro, and therefore a great moment of adrizamiento, which carries with it a great initial stability with resistance to rolling and with sudden recovery when such balancing occurs.

Another feature of the float, is that depending on the sleeve of the float, it is capable of including, at least, an intermediate vertical partition that guarantees the structural integrity of the upper surface or load of the float, being its very limited flexural capacity, therefore, it will logically depend on the type of concrete, the thickness of the upper part or layer of load, the reinforcement and the type and number of vertical partitions it incorporates.

The density of the different concrete parts of the float, that is to say of the structure, may range between 2 Kg / dm 3 and 4.5 Kg / dm 3, with the special feature that the density will be progressively increasing in a downward direction.

The concrete components will logically be cement, water and aggregate, in a volume percentage of 7 to 11, 5% of cement, 5, 5 to 14% of water and 72 to 93% of aggregate. The aggregates used will preferably be Amphibolite, Barite, Hematite and Magnetite for concretes with a density greater than 2.4 Kg / dm3. For conventional concretes the usual aggregates from the production area will be used, and that are suitable for use in maritime structures.

In addition to the characteristics or features already mentioned of safety, stability, high inertial values and load capacity, offered by the concrete float of the invention, say that by virtue of the materials used, as well as the control of the area zonal gradients and the strategic distribution of the same, makes the float can be given greater inertia in the event of any disturbance that could result in a tipping moment, so the basic principle of this, before a possible total overturn, would take with it the one that returns to its original position, so that based on a small variation of the different parameters involved in the float, it is possible to slightly modify its behavior and make it especially effective and safe to enjoy functional applications such as those mentioned above.

Finally, say that the structure of the float will be provided in each case and specifically for each application and functional system of use, of anchors, threaded elements or other accessories strongly incorporated into the structure, in its construction.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that will then be made and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:

Figure 1 shows a schematic front view of the float object of the invention, where its irregular base prismatic configuration is shown.

Figure 2.- Shows a sectional view through a vertical plane of the float represented in the previous figure, showing the different parts and densities of the concrete that participate as a shell of the low density material.

Figure 3.- Shows another schematic representation of the float, in which they have been

represented the waterline, the center of gravity, the center of care, as well as the

thrust and weight of the float itself.

Figure 4.- Shows a representation like that of the previous figure, showing an inclined position of the float, caused by a balancing of the platform of which it is part.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

As can be seen in the aforementioned figures, the float of the invention is constituted by a body (1) of rectangular general prismatic configuration, with its irregularly shaped lower base (2), specifically in the form of an obtuse dihedral.

Inside it includes a reinforcement (3), while the lower support edges are provided with reinforcement and protection edge profiles (4), which can be metallic

or even plastic.

In any case, the body of the float (1) defines a concrete structure that encloses in its interior a low density material (5), such as expanded polystyrene or similar, concrete that presents the reinforcement (3) and in which a series of sectors are defined, a superior sector (6) or load surface, under which the core of low density material (5) is established, between the corresponding lateral (7) and intermediate partitions (11), a second sector (8) immediately below, a third sector (9) lower than this, and finally a fourth sector (10), so that these concrete sectors have a density that increases progressively from top to bottom, that is to say density of the lateral partitions (7) is lower than the density of the second sector (8), and the density of the latter is lower than that of the third sector (9), and in turn this one of lower density of the fourth sector (10) .

The concretes shown in those sectors (7, 8, 9 and 10), and of course in the upper sector (6) or load surface, have a density that is increasing from 2 Kg / dm 3 in the upper part or surface and of load (6), with resistances superior to 40 Mpa, until reaching a density of 4,5 Kg / dm3 in the lower part or fourth sector (10), where the resistance of both this part and the immediately previous one or third sector

(9) can be around 30 Mpa, while the second sector and the side walls (7, 8) can have the resistance greater than 40 Mpa and the density around 3 Kg / dm3.

The aggregates used to form the concrete, from the upper level corresponding to the load surface or upper sector (6) to the lower sector or fourth sector (10), and the thickness and density of the material in each of them, always with positive increases, define the stability and behavior of the float, since this distribution is what marks the location of the center of gravity (G) represented in Figure 3.

Obviously the relationship of densities and resistances mentioned above, not only modifies the behavior, but it is necessary to vary the buoyancy conditions, a question that must be maintained in any way, since the functional geometric system must prevail. Given this situation, it may or may not incorporate intermediate partitions (11) in the low density zone (5).

Figure 3 shows how the center of gravity (G) is always maintained above the center of the cowl (C), and on these points the displacement (O) and the thrust (E) are applied respectively, these being balanced in resting situation

If, as a consequence of an external force, the float (1) is brought to a balancing position as indicated in figure 4, with respect to the waterline (F), forming an angle (<p), it is observed that the displacement (O) applied in (G) is constant, the thrust is also constant, but not at its point of application, since the center of care

(C) moves to (C,), thus producing a float adrice due to the action of the moment, which causes the float to return to its original stability position. In said figure 4, the line (F,) corresponds to the original waterline, as opposed to the instantaneous waterline (F) that occurs at the time of balancing.

As a definition, it is understood that the metacenter (M) is the point where the diametral plane of the ship, platform or similar, where the float (1) and the vertical drawn from the center of the hull (C,) are applied, when the latter has been displaced (balanced) because of a heel, (M) being the maximum point to which the center of gravity (G) can reach for the vessel to be stable.

On the other hand, the distance (CM) or metacentric radius, as well as (KC), are in the hydrostatic curves, while the distance (KG) is the height of the center of gravity on the virtual keel, so that the height Metacentric (GM) will be the difference between (KM) and (KG).

As a moment of adrizamiento it is understood that it is the product of the weight by the metacentric height and by the sine <p, so that the metacentric height can be varied by lowering the center of gravity (G), without managing the densities and volumes of the sectors (8, 9 and 10) of Figure 2, all in such a way that if the metacentric height is small, the moment is small with a tendency to roll and the recovery will be slow, while if (GM) is large, which is What is intended, the moment of adrizamiento is great, which implies great initial stability with resistance to rolling and sudden or rigid recovery.

It has been said before that the concrete components will be cement, water and aggregate, in proportions, with respect to volume, from 7 to 11.5% of cement, from 5.5 to 14% of water and from 72 to 93 % of aggregate, values that can vary in the order of 10% both positively and negatively, depending on the production processes to be used, curing, aggregate fraction, aggregate shape, and priority weight objectives, such as are the coefficients of permeability, mechanical resistance of the mass, cracking, etc.

To these components must be added the necessary chemical additives based on synthetic polymers, amorphous nanosilica, silica smoke and / or fly ash, in the proportions recommended by the respective manufacturers of these products that improve the compactness, impermeability and resistance of the material produced .

For its part, the armor is recommended to be made of pultruded stone, since it gives good technical behavior and is unalterable to seawater, although they can be armor based on aluminum or galvanized steel, but with the characteristic that it is high durability

Finally, say that the float must have means or devices for connection to external systems, such as structures, installations, cleat anchors, bitas, etc., devices that make the upper edges towards the inside of the float have an increase in the form of chamfer, increasing the fixing volume of these.

Claims (5)

1.-Nautical concrete float, intended to carry out constructions of various functional systems, such as shelter breakwaters, loading swamps, recreational nautical swamps, leisure platforms, aquaculture systems and industrial use platforms, among others, and forming part of the float a low density material, such as expanded polystyrene or similar, is characterized in that it is constituted by a rectangular prismatic body (1), of irregular bottom base (2) forming a dihedral, the structure of which is concrete body and enclosing a material (5) of low density, said structure of the body of the float having an upper sector (6) or load surface, side partitions (7) below the previous one, a second sector (8 ) located below these, a third sector (9) located below the second sector (8), and a fourth sector (10) or lower part, so that the concrete density of all those ctores is progressively increasing from the upper to the lower, in order to achieve a low center of gravity (G) and above the center of the careening (e). 2.-Nautical concrete float, according to claim 1, characterized in that the structure of the concrete body (1) includes a natural stone reinforcement (3), while the lower support vertices are provided with edging profiles ( 4) for the protection and resistance of the float itself. 3.-Nautical concrete float, according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that optionally the part corresponding to the low density material (5), includes one or more intermediate partitions (11) to stiffen the upper loading surface or upper sector ( 6). 4.-Nautical concrete float, according to claims 1,2 and 3, characterized in that the concretes of the different sectors can vary between 2 Kg / dm3 and 4.4 Kg / dm3 density, always increasing downwards. 5.-Nautical concrete float according to claim 4, characterized in that the components corresponding to the cement, water and aggregate that participate in the concrete correspond in volume to values between 7 and 11.5% of cement, between 5, 5 and 14% of water and between 72 and 93% of aggregate. 6 1 2/  FIG. one 11 6 / 5 8 9  FIG. 2 K  FIG. 3 FIG. 4