ES2474597T3 - Instrumento quirúrgico que incluye un conjunto de bloqueo - Google Patents
Instrumento quirúrgico que incluye un conjunto de bloqueo Download PDFInfo
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- ES2474597T3 ES2474597T3 ES10011352.1T ES10011352T ES2474597T3 ES 2474597 T3 ES2474597 T3 ES 2474597T3 ES 10011352 T ES10011352 T ES 10011352T ES 2474597 T3 ES2474597 T3 ES 2474597T3
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Abstract
Una unidad de carga (16) configurada para su acoplamiento liberable con un instrumento quirúrgico, de tal manera que la unidad de carga comprende: una porción proximal, configurada para su acoplamiento liberable con una porción endoscópica del instrumento quirúrgico; una porción de cuerpo (200), que define un primer eje longitudinal; un conjunto de herramienta (850) del conjunto de unidad de carga, dispuesto distalmente con respecto a la porción de cuerpo y que es susceptible de asegurarse a un extremo distal de la porción de cuerpo, de tal modo que el conjunto de herramienta comprende: un miembro de canal (852), que es sustancialmente paralelo con el primer eje longitudinal; un conjunto de yunque (880), dispuesto en yuxtaposición con respecto al miembro de canal y que es sustancialmente paralelo con el primer eje longitudinal; un primer miembro de fijación (860), dispuesto en cooperación mecánica con una porción proximal del miembro de canal, de tal manera que el primer miembro de fijación incluye una primera abertura (864) que se extiende al menos parcialmente a su través, y una segunda abertura (866) que se extiende al menos parcialmente a su través; y un segundo miembro de fijación (870), dispuesto en cooperación mecánica con el primer miembro de fijación, de tal modo que el segundo miembro de fijación incluye una primera abertura (874) que se extiende al menos parcialmente a su través, y una segunda abertura (876) que se extiende al menos parcialmente a su través; caracterizada por una primera barra de fijación (890), configurada para extenderse al menos parcialmente a través de la primera abertura del primer miembro de fijación y al menos parcialmente a través de la primera abertura del segundo miembro de fijación; y una segunda barra de fijación (892), configurada para extenderse al menos parcialmente a través de la segunda abertura del primer miembro de fijación y al menos parcialmente a través de la segunda abertura del segundo miembro de fijación.
Description
Instrumento quirúrgico que incluye un conjunto de bloqueo
Campo técnico
La presente invención se refiere a una unidad de instrumento quirúrgico y carga desechable, que incluye un conjunto de bloqueo. Más particularmente, la presente invención se refiere a un instrumento quirúrgico que incluye un conjunto de bloqueo para retener un conjunto de herramienta de un instrumento quirúrgico de articulación, por ejemplo, una grapadora lineal, en una posición predeterminada.
Antecedentes
Son bien conocidos los instrumentos quirúrgicos que incluyen un conjunto de herramienta montado en un extremo distal, o más alejado, de una porción de cuerpo del instrumento quirúrgico para su articulación. Por lo común, tales instrumentos quirúrgicos incluyen mecanismos de control de articulación que permiten a un operario articular a distancia el conjunto de herramienta con respecto a la porción de cuerpo de un instrumento quirúrgico, a fin de permitir al operario acceder más fácilmente al tejido, operar en él y/o manipularlo.
Tales conjuntos de herramienta de articulación se han hecho deseables especialmente en los procedimientos quirúrgicos endosc�picos. En un procedimiento quirúrgico endosc�pico, el extremo distal de un instrumento quirúrgico es insertado a través de pequeñas incisiones practicadas en el cuerpo para acceder a un lugar de la cirugía. Por lo común, una c�nula de un tamaño apropiado, por ejemplo, 10 mm, etc., es insertada a través de la incisión en el cuerpo con el fin de proporcionar un canal de guía para acceder al lugar de la cirugía. Debido a que es deseable proporcionar incisiones pequeñas en el cuerpo para que as� haya un traumatismo reducido, con menores cicatrices, en el paciente y un tiempo de cicatrización más rápido, las tolerancias entre el instrumento quirúrgico y el diámetro interior de la c�nula son pequeñas.
Cuando un instrumento quirúrgico que tiene un conjunto de herramienta de articulación se utiliza durante un procedimiento endosc�pico, el conjunto de herramienta de articulación se encuentra, generalmente, en su posición no articulada (es decir, una posición en la que el eje longitudinal del conjunto de herramienta est� alineado con el eje longitudinal de la porción de cuerpo del instrumento quirúrgico) durante la inserción del conjunto de herramienta a través de una c�nula o incisión pequeña en el cuerpo. El movimiento del conjunto de herramienta hasta una posición articulada, incluso ligeramente desalineada con respecto a la porción de cuerpo del instrumento quirúrgico, puede interferir con, y/o impedir, la inserción del extremo distal del instrumento quirúrgico a través de la c�nula o incisión pequeña en el cuerpo.
Durante la manipulación o manejo de un instrumento quirúrgico que tiene un conjunto de herramienta de articulación, no es infrecuente que el conjunto de herramienta resulte sacudido o golpeado de un modo tal, que el conjunto de herramienta es movido inadvertidamente de su posición no articulada a su posición articulada. Como se ha explicado en lo anterior, esto no es deseable, especialmente en el caso de que el instrumento quirúrgico se haya de utilizar en un procedimiento quirúrgico endosc�pico. Además, la capacidad del conjunto de herramienta para mantener su posición con respecto a la porción de mango afectar� a cuán bien pueda manipular un cirujano el tejido utilizando el conjunto de herramienta.
Se conoce por el documento US 2004/232201 A1 una grapadora quirúrgica lineal que comprende una unidad de carga que tiene las características según se definen en el preámbulo de la reivindicación 1.
Compendio
La invención se refiere a una unidad de carga según se define en la reivindicación 1. Realizaciones preferidas se exponen en las reivindicaciones dependientes.
Se describen también, por otro lado, realizaciones que no forman parte de la invención pero que representan técnica anterior que es de utilidad para comprender la invención.
La presente invención se refiere a un instrumento quirúrgico que incluye una porción de mango, una porción de cuerpo, un conjunto de herramienta de articulación y un conjunto de bloqueo. La porción de cuerpo se extiende en sentido distal, o de alejamiento, desde la porción de mango y define un primer eje longitudinal. El conjunto de herramienta de articulación define un segundo eje longitudinal, est� dispuesta en un extremo distal, o más alejado, de la porción de cuerpo y es movible desde una primera posición, en la que el segundo eje longitudinal est� sustancialmente alineado con el primer eje longitudinal, hasta al menos una segunda posición, en la que el segundo eje longitudinal est� formando un ángulo con el primer eje longitudinal. El conjunto de bloqueo incluye un elemento empujador en cooperación mecánica con la porción de cuerpo, y un pivote en cooperación mecánica con el conjunto de herramienta de articulación. El elemento empujador incluye una superficie conjugada que est� dimensionada para encajar con una superficie conjugada de pivote situada en el pivote. El elemento empujador es cargado en sentido distal, hacia el pivote (por medio de un resorte en cooperación mecánica con la porción de cuerpo, por ejemplo), y es forzado en sentido proximal, o de acercamiento, a medida que el conjunto de herramienta de articulación es movido hacia la segunda posición.
En una realización de la invención, la superficie conjugada del elemento empujador y/o la superficie conjugada del pivote son sustancialmente planas a lo largo de la mayor parte de su longitud. Se divulga también el hecho de que el conjunto de bloqueo incluye un elemento de ligadura en acoplamiento mecánico con el pivote y el elemento empujador. En una realización, el elemento de ligadura se encuentra en acoplamiento pivotante con el pivote. En otra realización de la invención, el pivote incluye una repisa que se solapa sobre al menos una porción del elemento empujador cuando la superficie conjugada del elemento empujador est� en contacto con la superficie conjugada del pivote.
En una realización descrita, el conjunto de herramienta de articulación forma parte de una unidad de carga desechable. La presente invención también se refiere a una unidad de carga desechable que incluye el conjunto de herramienta de articulación y el conjunto de bloqueo según se han descrito anteriormente.
Descripci�n de los dibujos
La invención se ha ilustrado en las Figuras 28-29.
Se describen en esta memoria diversas realizaciones del instrumento quirúrgico presentemente divulgado, con referencia a los dibujos, en los cuales:
La Figura 1 es una vista en perspectiva desde un lado, desde el extremo distal, o más alejado, de una realización del instrumento quirúrgico presentemente divulgado, con conjunto de herramienta de articulación;
La Figura 1A es una vista en perspectiva desde un lado, desde el extremo proximal, o más cercano, de una unidad de carga desechable (DLU –“disposable loading unit”–) del instrumento quirúrgico mostrado en la Figura 1, incluyendo el conjunto de herramienta;
La Figura 2 es una vista en perspectiva desde un lado del extremo distal del conjunto de montaje y del conjunto de herramienta, con partes separadas, de la DLU del instrumento quirúrgico que se ha mostrado en la Figura 1;
La Figura 3 es una vista en perspectiva desde un lado del conjunto de montaje y de la porción de cuerpo proximal de la DLU mostrada en la Figura 1A, con partes separadas;
La Figura 3A es una vista en perspectiva desde un lado de un miembro de acoplamiento del instrumento quirúrgico que se ha mostrado en la Figura 1;
La Figura 3B es una vista en perspectiva desde un lado de una porción de montaje superior del conjunto de montaje de la DLU del instrumento quirúrgico mostrado en la Figura 1;
La Figura 3C es una vista en perspectiva desde un lado de una porción de montaje inferior del conjunto de montaje de la DLU del instrumento quirúrgico mostrado en la Figura 1;
La Figura 3D es una vista en perspectiva desde un lado, desde por encima de la porción de cuerpo proximal, del conjunto de montaje y del conjunto de herramienta de la DLU del instrumento quirúrgico, con el conjunto de herramienta en su posición no articulada;
La Figura 3E es una vista en perspectiva desde un lado, desde por encima de la porción de cuerpo proximal, del conjunto de montaje y del conjunto de herramienta mostrados en la Figura 3D, con el conjunto de herramienta en una posición articulada;
La Figura 3F es una vista en perspectiva desde un lado, desde debajo de la porción de cuerpo proximal, del conjunto de montaje y del conjunto de herramienta de la DLU del instrumento quirúrgico, con el conjunto de herramienta en su posición no articulada;
La Figura 3G es una vista en perspectiva desde un lado, desde debajo de la porción de cuerpo proximal, del conjunto de montaje y del conjunto de herramienta mostrados en la Figura 3F, con el conjunto de herramienta en una posición articulada;
La Figura 4 es una vista lateral, en corte transversal, del conjunto de herramienta de la DLU mostrada en la Figura 1A;
La Figura 5 es una vista en perspectiva desde arriba del dispositivo de accionamiento de miembro de bloqueo del mecanismo de bloqueo de porción de cuerpo proximal mostrado en la Figura 3;
La Figura 6 es una vista en perspectiva desde debajo de un miembro de bloqueo del mecanismo de bloqueo mostrado en la Figura 3;
La Figura 7 es una vista en planta superior del extremo proximal de la porción de cuerpo proximal de la DLU
mostrada en la Figura 1A, con el mecanismo de bloqueo en su posición bloqueada;
La Figura 8 es una vista en corte transversal tomado a lo largo de las líneas de corte 8-8 de la Figura 7;
La Figura 9 es una vista en planta superior del extremo proximal de la porción de cuerpo proximal de la DLU
mostrada en la Figura 1A, con el mecanismo de bloqueo en su posición desbloqueada;
La Figura 10 es una vista en corte transversal tomado a lo largo de las líneas de corte 10-10de la Figura 9;
La Figura 11 es una vista en perspectiva desde un lado de la DLU y del instrumento quirúrgico mostrados en la
Figura 1, antes de la fijación de la DLU al instrumento quirúrgico;
La Figura 12 es una vista en planta superior del extremo proximal de la DLU y del extremo distal del instrumento
quirúrgico mostrados en la Figura 11, antes de su fijación al extremo distal del instrumento quirúrgico;
La Figura 13 es una vista en planta superior del extremo proximal de la DLU mostrada en la Figura 11, a medida que
la DLU se hace avanzar linealmente dentro del extremo distal del instrumento quirúrgico;
La Figura 14 es una vista en planta superior del extremo proximal de la DLU y del extremo distal del instrumento
quir�rgico mostrados en la Figura 12, una vez que la DLU se ha hecho avanzar linealmente pero antes del bloqueo
de la DLU al instrumento quirúrgico;
La Figura 15 es una vista en planta superior del extremo proximal de la DLU y del extremo distal del instrumento
quir�rgico mostrados en la Figura 12, y después de que la DLU se haya hecho avanzar linealmente y se haya
bloqueado a rotación en el instrumento quirúrgico;
La Figura 16 es una vista en perspectiva de un conjunto de bloqueo para uso con un instrumento quirúrgico de
acuerdo con una realización de la presente invención;
La Figura 17 es una vista en perspectiva de diversos componentes del conjunto de bloqueo de la Figura 16;
La Figura 18 es una vista en perspectiva y ampliada de una porción del conjunto de bloqueo de las Figuras 16 y 17,
ilustrado con el conjunto de herramienta de articulación en una posición no articulada;
La Figura 19 es una vista en perspectiva y ampliada de una porción del conjunto de bloqueo de las Figuras 16-18,
que incluye un elemento de ligadura;
La Figura 20 es una vista en perspectiva y ampliada de una porción del conjunto de bloqueo de las Figuras 16-19,
ilustrado con el conjunto de herramienta de articulación en una posición articulada;
La Figura 21 es una vista en perspectiva y ampliada de otro conjunto de bloqueo para uso con un instrumento
quir�rgico de acuerdo con una realización de la presente invención;
La Figura 22 es una vista en perspectiva desde debajo y ampliada del conjunto de bloqueo de la Figura 21;
La Figura 23 es una vista en perspectiva de una varilla de impulsión que tiene una pluralidad de capas y un aparato
de cierre de acuerdo con una realización de la presente invención;
La Figura 24 es una vista en perspectiva de la varilla de impulsión y del aparato de cierre de la Figura 23, con partes
separadas;
La Figura 25 es una vista en corte transversal de una porción de la varilla de impulsión y del aparato de cierre de las
Figuras 23 y 24;
La Figura 26 es una vista en corte transversal de una varilla de impulsión y de un aparato de cierre de acuerdo con
una realización de la presente invención;
La Figura 27 es una vista en corte transversal de la varilla de impulsión y de un aparato de cierre de la Figura 26;
La Figura 28 es una vista en perspectiva de un conjunto de herramienta de acuerdo con una realización de la
presente invención; y
La Figura 29 es una vista de conjunto del conjunto de herramienta de la Figura 28.
Descripci�n detallada de realizaciones
A continuación se describirán en detalle realizaciones del instrumento quirúrgico y la DLU presentemente divulgados, con referencia a los dibujos, en los que los mismos números de referencia designan elementos idénticos
o correspondientes en cada una de las diversas vistas.
Haciendo referencia a la Figura 1, el instrumento quirúrgico 500 incluye una porción de mango 510, una porción de cuerpo 512, una unidad de carga desechable (DLU –“disposable loading unit” –) 16. La porción de mango 510 incluye un mango estacionario 514 y un mango movible o gatillo 516. El mango movible 516 es movible con respecto al mango estacionario 514 para hacer avanzar una barra de control 520 que sobresale desde el extremo distal, o más alejado, de la porción de cuerpo 512. La porción de mango 510 y la porción de cuerpo 512 pueden haberse construido de la manera descrita en la Patente norteamericana N� 6.330.965. Alternativamente, pueden utilizarse otros instrumentos quirúrgicos con la DLU 16 con el fin de llevar a cabo procedimientos quirúrgicos endosc�picos.
Haciendo referencia a las Figuras 1 y 1A, brevemente, la DLU 16 incluye un conjunto de herramienta 17, una porción de cuerpo proximal, o más cercana, 200 y un conjunto de montaje 202. La porción de cuerpo 200 tiene un extremo proximal configurado para acoplarse de forma liberable con el extremo distal de un instrumento quirúrgico 500 (Figura 11) de la manera que se expondr� en detalle más adelante. El conjunto de montaje 202 est� asegurado de forma pivotante a un extremo distal de la porción de cuerpo 200 y est� asegurado fijamente a un extremo proximal del conjunto de herramienta 17. El movimiento pivotante del conjunto de montaje 202 alrededor de un eje perpendicular a un eje longitudinal de la porción de cuerpo 200 afecta a la articulación del conjunto de herramienta 17 entre una posición no articulada, en la que el eje longitudinal del conjunto de herramienta 17 est� alineado con el eje longitudinal de la porción de cuerpo 200, y una posición articulada, en la que el eje longitudinal del conjunto de herramienta 17 est� dispuesto formando un ángulo con el eje longitudinal de la porción de cuerpo 200.
Haciendo referencia a las Figuras 2-4, el conjunto de herramienta 17 incluye un conjunto de cartucho 18 y un conjunto de yunque 20. El conjunto de yunque 20 incluye una porción de yunque 28 que tiene una pluralidad de concavidades 30 de deformación de grapa (Figura 4) y una placa de cubierta 32, asegurada a una superficie superior de la porción de yunque 28. La placa de cubierta 32 y la porción de yunque 28 definen una cavidad 34 (Figura 4) entre ellas, la cual est� dimensionada para recibir un extremo distal de un conjunto de impulsión 212 (Figura 3). La placa de cubierta 32 encierra el extremo distal del conjunto de impulsión 212 con el fin de impedir que se pellizque tejido durante la actuación de la DLU 16. Una ranura longitudinal 38 se extiende a través de la porción de yunque 28 con el fin de facilitar el paso de una brida de retención 40 del conjunto de impulsión 212. Una superficie 42 de accionamiento de leva, formada en la porción de yunque 28, est� colocada para acoplarse con un par de miembros de leva 40a soportados en la brida de retención 40 del conjunto de impulsión 212 con el fin de efectuar la aproximación de los conjuntos de yunque y de cartucho. Se han formado un par de miembros de pivote
44. Un par de miembros de estabilizaci�n 50 se acoplan con un hombro respectivo 52 formado en el soporte 48 con el fin de evitar que la porción de yunque 28 se deslice axialmente con respecto a un cartucho 54 de grapas a medida que la superficie 42 de accionamiento de leva se hace pivotar alrededor de los miembros de pivote 44.
El conjunto de cartucho 18 incluye el soporte 48, el cual define un canal de soporte alargado 56 que se ha dimensionado y configurado para recibir el cartucho 54 de grapas. Unas lengüetas 58 y ranuras 60 correspondientes, formadas a lo largo del cartucho 54 de grapas y del canal de soporte alargado 56, respectivamente, actúan de modo que retienen el cartucho 54 de grapas en una posición fija dentro del canal de soporte 56. Un par de manguetas de soporte 62 formadas en el cartucho 54 de grapas, est�n colocadas de modo que descansan sobre paredes laterales del soporte 48, a fin de estabilizar adicionalmente el cartucho 54 de grapas dentro del canal de soporte 56. El soporte 48 tiene unas ranuras 46 destinadas a recibir los miembros de pivote 44 de la porción de yunque 28 y a permitir que la porción de yunque 28 se mueva entre posiciones separada y aproximada.
El cartucho 54 de grapas incluye unas ranuras de retención 64 (Figura 2) destinadas a recibir una pluralidad de grapas o sujetadores 66 y elementos empujadores 68. Una pluralidad de ranuras longitudinales 70 separadas entre s� lateralmente se extienden a través del cartucho 54 de grapas para dar acomodo a unas cuñas de leva verticales 72 pertenecientes a una deslizadera de accionamiento 74 (Figura 2). Una ranura longitudinal central 76 se extiende a lo largo de sustancialmente toda la longitud de cartucho 54 de grapas con el fin de facilitar el paso de una hoja 78 de cuchilla (Figura 4). Durante el funcionamiento de la grapadora quirúrgica 10, el conjunto de impulsión 212 contacta a tope con la deslizadera de accionamiento 74 y empuja la deslizadera de accionamiento 74 a través de las ranuras longitudinales del cartucho 54 de grapas para hacer avanzar las cuñas 72 de leva hasta un contacto secuencial con los elementos empujadores 68. Los elementos empujadores 68 se trasladan verticalmente a lo largo de las cuñas 72 de leva, dentro de las ranuras 64 de retención de sujetador, y fuerzan a los sujetadores 66 a pasar de las ranuras de retención 64 al interior de las cavidades 30 de deformación de grapa (Figura 4) del conjunto de yunque 20.
Haciendo referencia a la Figura 3, el conjunto de montaje 235 incluye una porción de montaje superior 236 y una porción de montaje inferior 238. Un miembro de pivote 284 situado centralmente se extiende desde la porción de montaje superior 236, a través de una respectiva abertura 246a formada en un primer miembro de acoplamiento
246. La porción de montaje inferior 238 incluye un taladro 239 para recibir el miembro de pivote 284 (véase la Figura 3F). El miembro de pivote 284 se extiende a través del taladro 239 y de una abertura 247a de un segundo miembro de acoplamiento 247. Cada uno de los miembros de acoplamiento 246, 247 incluye una porción de bloqueo mutuo proximal 246b, 247b, configuradas para ser recibidas en unas acanaladuras 290 formadas en el extremo distal de un alojamiento interior que est� formado a partir de unas mitades de alojamiento superior e inferior, 250 y 252. Los miembros de acoplamiento 246, 247 retienen el conjunto de montaje 235 y las mitades de alojamiento superior e
inferior 250 y 252 en una posición longitudinalmente fija una con respecto a la otra, al tiempo que permiten el movimiento pivotante del conjunto de montaje 235 con respecto a los mismos.
Haciendo referencia a las Figuras 3A-3C, cada miembro de acoplamiento 246, 247 incluye un brazo de resorte en voladizo 246c que tiene un extremo distal 246d colocado para acoplarse al conjunto de montaje 235. Más específicamente, la porción de montaje superior 236 incluye una superficie superior 236a que incluye un rebaje 236b dimensionado para recibir el extremo distal 246d del brazo de resorte 246c de un miembro de acoplamiento respectivo 246. La porción de montaje inferior 238 incluye una superficie de fondo 238a que tiene un par de superficies resaltadas 238b que definen un rebaje 238c que se ha dimensionado para recibir el brazo de resorte 247c de un miembro de acoplamiento respectivo 247. Alternativamente, puede haberse formado al menos un rebaje en el extremo proximal del conjunto de herramienta 17.
Como se ha ilustrado en las Figuras 3D-3G, cuando los extremos distales de los brazos de resorte 246c, 247c de los miembros de acoplamiento 246, 247 se colocan dentro de los rebajes 236b y 238c de las porciones de montaje superior e inferior 236 y 238, respectivamente, los brazos de resorte 246c, 247c retienen el conjunto de montaje 235 en una posición no articulada. Los brazos de resorte 246c, 247c retendrán el conjunto de montaje 235 en su posición no articulada hasta que se aplique una fuerza predeterminada suficiente para desviar los brazos de resorte 246c de los rebajes 236b y 238c, a fin de efectuar la articulación del conjunto de montaje 235 y el conjunto de herramienta
17. Cuando se aplica la fuerza predeterminada al conjunto de montaje 235 y al conjunto de herramienta 17, los brazos de resorte 246c, 247c saltar�n o se desviarán hacia fuera de los rebajes 236b y 238c, tal y como se muestra en las Figuras 3E y 3G, para permitir el movimiento pivotante del conjunto de montaje 235 (y, por tanto, del conjunto de herramienta 17) con respecto al extremo distal de la porción de cuerpo proximal 200 de la DLU 16.
Como se ha explicado anteriormente, los brazos de resorte 246c y los rebajes 236b y 238c mantienen el conjunto de herramienta 17 en su posición no articulada hasta que se haya aplicado una fuerza predeterminada al conjunto de montaje 235 para desacoplar los brazos de resorte 246c, 247c de los rebajes 236b y 238c del conjunto de montaje
235. Se ha contemplado que los brazos de resorte / rebajes puedan ser incorporados en cualquier dispositivo quirúrgico de articulación, incluyendo grapadoras, mordazas (véase la Figura 3H), dispositivos de obturación mecanizados, por ejemplo, dispositivos de obturación de RF, etc. Por otra parte, aunque se han mostrado dos brazos de resorte / rebajes, puede haberse proporcionado un único brazo de resorte. Es más, no es necesario que el conjunto de herramienta de articulación forme parte de una DLU, sino que, en lugar de ello, puede ser soportado directamente en el extremo distal de un instrumento quirúrgico. Por ejemplo, el conjunto de montaje puede ser asegurado de forma extra�ble o no extra�ble al conjunto de herramienta y asegurado directamente al extremo distal de un instrumento quirúrgico.
La mita de alojamiento superior 250 y la mitad de alojamiento inferior 252 est�n contenidas dentro de un manguito exterior 251 de la porción de cuerpo 200 (Figura 3). La porción de cuerpo 200 incluye un recorte 251a dimensionado para recibir una protuberancia o saliente 250a formado en la mitad de alojamiento superior 250. La colocación del saliente 250a dentro del recorte 251a impide el movimiento axial y rotativo de las mitades de alojamiento superior e inferior 250 y 252 dentro del manguito exterior 251 de la porción de cuerpo 200. En una realización, la protuberancia 250a tiene una configuración sustancialmente rectangular que presenta una dimensión axial mayor que la dimensión lateral. La mayor dimensión axial proporciona un área superficial incrementada con el fin de impedir la rotación de las mitades de alojamiento superior e inferior 250 y 252 en el interior del manguito 251. Una porción proximal 250b de la protuberancia 250a est� configurada en rampa. La porción proximal en rampa 250b permite que el manguito 251 se haga deslizar sobre la protuberancia 250a conforme las mitades de alojamiento superior e inferior 250 y 252 se colocan dentro del manguito 251. Se ha contemplado que la protuberancia 250a pueda adoptar otras configuraciones, por ejemplo, circular, cuadrada, triangular, etc., y seguir cumpliendo su función pretendida. Por otra parte, la protuberancia 250a puede ser reubicada en cualquier lugar a lo largo de la mitad de alojamiento superior 250 o, en una alternativa, colocarse en la mitad de alojamiento inferior 252 o parcialmente en cada mitad de alojamiento 250 y 252.
El extremo proximal o punta de inserción 193 de la mitad de alojamiento superior 250 incluye unos tetones de acoplamiento 254 destinados a acoplarse de forma liberable al extremo distal de un instrumento quirúrgico a la manera del tipo de bayoneta (véanse las Figuras 1A y 7). Las mitades de alojamiento 250 y 252 definen un canal 400 destinado a recibir de forma deslizante el conjunto de impulsión axial 212 dentro de él. Un elemento de ligadura de articulación 256 se ha dimensionado para ser colocado de forma deslizante dentro de una ranura 402 formada entre las mitades de alojamiento superior e inferior 250 y 252. Un par de conjuntos de bloque en H 255 est�n colocados adyacentes al extremo distal de la porción de alojamiento 200 y adyacentes al extremo distal del conjunto de impulsión axial 212 con el fin de evitar la combadura hacia fuera y al abombamiento del conjunto de impulsión 212 durante la articulación y el disparo del aparato de grapado quirúrgico 10. Cada conjunto de bloque en H 255 incluye un cuerpo flexible 255a que incluye un extremo proximal asegurado fijamente a la porción de cuerpo 200, y un extremo distal asegurado fijamente al conjunto de montaje 235 (Figura 3).
Un miembro de retención 288 est� soportado en la sección de acoplamiento 270 del conjunto de impulsión axial 212. El miembro de retención 288 incluye un par de dedos 288a que est�n colocados de forma liberable dentro de unas ranuras o rebajes 252a formados en la mitad de alojamiento inferior 252. En funcionamiento, cuando se fija la DLU
16 a un instrumento quirúrgico y se acciona el conjunto de impulsión axial 212 mediante la aplicación de una fuerza predeterminada a un miembro de accionamiento 516 del instrumento quirúrgico 500 (Figura 11), el conjunto de impulsión axial 212 se hace avanzar en sentido distal, o de alejamiento, para mover el conjunto de accionamiento 212 y el miembro de retención 288 en sentido distal. Conforme el miembro de retención 288 es hecho avanzar en sentido distal, los dedos 288a son forzados a salir de los rebajes 252a para proporcionar una indicación audible y táctil de que el instrumento quirúrgico ha sido accionado. El miembro de retención 288 se ha diseñado para evitar un accionamiento parcial inadvertido de la DLU 16, tal como durante su transporte, mediante el mantenimiento del conjunto de impulsión axial 212 en una posición fija dentro de la DLU 16, hasta que se haya aplicado una fuerza axial predeterminada al conjunto de impulsión axial 212.
El conjunto de impulsión axial 212 incluye una varilla de impulsión alargada 266 que incluye una cabeza de trabajo distal 268 y un tramo o sección de acoplamiento proximal 270. En una realización, la varilla de impulsión 266 est� construida de múltiples láminas de material apiladas. La sección de acoplamiento 270 incluye un par de dedos de acoplamiento elásticos 270a y 270b que se acoplan, a modo de montura, con un par de ranuras de retención correspondientes formadas en el miembro de impulsión 272. El miembro de impulsión 272 incluye una lumbrera proximal 274 configurada para recibir el extremo distal de una barra de control 520 (Figura 11) de un instrumento quirúrgico cuando el extremo proximal de la DLU 16 se acopla con la porción de cuerpo 512 de un instrumento quirúrgico 500.
Haciendo referencia también a las Figuras 5-10, la DLU 16 incluye, adicionalmente, un mecanismo de bloqueo que incluye un miembro de bloqueo 300 y un dispositivo de accionamiento 302 del miembro de bloqueo. El miembro de bloqueo 300 (Figura 6) est� soportado de forma rotativa dentro de una ranura longitudinal o axial 310 (Figura 7) formada en una porción proximal de la mitad de alojamiento superior 250 de la porción de cuerpo 200 de la LU 16. El miembro de bloqueo 300 es movible desde una primera posición (Figuras 7 y 8), en la que el miembro de bloqueo 300 mantiene el conjunto de impulsión 212 en una posición preferida, a una segunda posición (Figuras 9 y 10) en la que el conjunto de impulsión 212 es libre de desplazarse axialmente.
Como se ilustra en la Figura 6, el miembro de bloqueo 300 incluye un cuerpo semicil�ndrico 312 que est� colocado de forma deslizante dentro de una ranura transversal 310 formada en la mitad de alojamiento superior 250 de la porción de cuerpo 200. El cuerpo 312 incluye un miembro de leva 314 que se extiende radialmente hacia dentro, y un dedo 316 que se extiende radialmente hacia dentro. El dedo 316 se ha dimensionado para ser recibido de forma deslizante dentro de una muesca o ranura 270c (Figura 3) formada en el conjunto de impulsión 212. El acoplamiento del dedo 316 dentro de la muesca 270c del conjunto de impulsión 212 impide que el conjunto de impulsión 212 se mueva linealmente dentro de la porción de cuerpo 200 y, por tanto, impide el accionamiento de la DLU 16.
Haciendo referencia a las Figuras 3, 5 y 7, un dispositivo de accionamiento 302 de miembro de bloqueo est� colocado de forma deslizante dentro de una ranura axial 320 (Figura 7) formada en la mitad de alojamiento superior 250 de la porción de cuerpo 200 de la DLU 16. El dispositivo de accionamiento 302 incluye un miembro de tope proximal 322, una guía distal 324 de resorte y una ranura central 326 de leva. La ranura axial 320 interseca la ranura transversal 310 de manera tal, que el miembro de leva 314 del miembro de bloqueo 300 se coloca de forma deslizante dentro de la ranura 326 de leva del dispositivo de accionamiento 302 del miembro de bloqueo. Un miembro de carga o resorte 328 (Figura 7) est� colocado alrededor de la guía 324 de resorte, entre una superficie distal 330 del dispositivo de accionamiento 302 y una pared 332 (Figura 7) que define el extremo distal de la ranura axial 320. El resorte 328 fuerza al dispositivo de accionamiento 302 hacia su posición retraída dentro de la ranura axial 320. En su posición retraída, el miembro de tope 322 se sitúa en, y se extiende radialmente hacia fuera de, el extremo proximal de la DLU 16 adyacente a la punta de inserción 193 de la porción de cuerpo proximal 200, y la ranura 326 de leva se coloca para situar el miembro de leva 314 de un modo tal, que el dedo 316 del miembro de bloqueo 300 se sitúa dentro de la muesca 270c del conjunto de impulsión 212.
Las Figuras 11-15 ilustran la DLU 16 y el instrumento quirúrgico 500 antes de la fijación de la DLU 16 al instrumento quirúrgico 500 y durante esta. Antes de la fijación de la DLU 16 en el instrumento quirúrgico 500, el resorte 328 fuerza el dispositivo de accionamiento 302 hacia su posición retraída con el fin de mover el miembro de bloqueo 300 hacia su posición bloqueada, tal y como se ha explicado anteriormente. Cuando la punta de inserción 193 de la DLU 16 es insertada linealmente dentro del extremo abierto 522 (Figura 11) de la porción de cuerpo 512 (Figura 13) del instrumento quirúrgico 500, los tetones 254 se desplazan linealmente a través de unas ranuras (no mostradas) practicadas en el extremo abierto 522 de la porción de cuerpo 512. A medida que los tetones 254 pasan a través de las ranuras, el extremo proximal 322a del miembro de tope 322, que est� descentrado angularmente con respecto a los tetones 254, contacta a tope con una pared 276c que define las ranuras para recibir los tetones 254. A medida que la DLU 16 es desplazada adicionalmente al interior de la porción de cuerpo 512, el dispositivo de accionamiento 302 del miembro de bloqueo es desplazado desde su posición retraída hacia su posición avanzada en la dirección indicada por la flecha “T” de la Figura 14. A medida que el dispositivo de accionamiento 302 es desplazado hacia su posición avanzada, el miembro de bloqueo 300 es accionado a modo de leva en la dirección indicada por la flecha “U” en la Figura 14, desde su posición bloqueada (Figura 8), acoplada con el conjunto de impulsión 212, hacia su posición desbloqueada (Figura 10), a fin de sacar el dedo 316 de la muesca 270c. El mecanismo de bloqueo, que incluye el miembro de bloqueo 300 y el dispositivo de accionamiento 302 del miembro de bloqueo, impide el avance accidental o inadvertido o la manipulación del miembro de impulsión de la DLU 16, tal como durante la carga de la
DLU 16 en el instrumento quirúrgico 500.
Una vez que la DLU 16 se ha desplazado linealmente con respecto al instrumento 500 hasta una posición en la que una superficie proximal 530 de la porción de cuerpo 200 contacta a tope con la superficie interior 276c de la porción de cuerpo 512 (Figura 15), la DLU 16 puede hacerse rotar con respecto a la porción de cuerpo 512 en una acción del tipo de bayoneta para colocar los tetones 254 dentro de unas aberturas 536 de la porción de cuerpo 512, a fin de bloquear la DLU 16 en la porción de cuerpo 512. Se ha contemplado la posibilidad de utilizar otros tipos de acoplamiento además del acoplamiento de bayoneta para unir la DLU 16 al instrumento 500, por ejemplo, acoplamientos de fiador elástico o de ajuste por salto elástico, acoplamientos de ajuste por rozamiento, miembros de bloqueo mutuo, acoplamientos roscados, etc.
En una realización de la presente invención que se ilustra en las Figuras 16-20, se ha ilustrado un conjunto de bloqueo 600 para uso con el instrumento quirúrgico 500 y la unidad de carga desechable 16 (véase, por ejemplo, la Figura 1). En las realizaciones que se ilustran, el conjunto de bloqueo 600 incluye un alojamiento 602, un elemento empujador 604, una barra 606, una corredera 608, al menos un resorte 610, un dedo 612 de leva, una placa de pivote 614 que tiene unas ranuras 616, y un elemento de ligadura 618. El conjunto de bloqueo 600 ayuda generalmente al conjunto herramienta 17 (véase la Figura 1, por ejemplo) a mantener su posición durante el disparo del instrumento quirúrgico 500.
Haciendo referencia a las Figuras 16 y 17, una porción del conjunto de bloqueo 600 est� al menos parcialmente contenida dentro del alojamiento 602. La Figura 16 ilustra el conjunto de bloqueo 600 dispuesto con respecto al alojamiento 602, en tanto que la Figura 7 ilustra el conjunto de bloqueo 600 aislado del alojamiento 602. En la realización que se ilustra en la Figura 17, el elemento empujador 604 se ha mostrado de tal manera que la barra 606 se extiende en sentido distal desde el mismo. La corredera 608 se extiende en sentido distal desde la barra 606 y se encuentra en una realización deslizante con respecto a ella, por lo que se permite a la corredera 608 moverse axialmente con respecto a la barra 606. El resorte 610 o un par de resortes (no mostrados explícitamente en esta realización) cargan en sentido distal la correera 608 con respecto a la barra 606.
Haciendo referencia, a continuación, a las Figuras 18-20, se ilustran en ellas el dedo 612 de leva y la placa de pivote
614. El dedo 612 de leva se extiende en sentido distal desde la corredera 608, y la placa de pivote 614 puede estar dispuesta en el conjunto de montaje 235 (véase la Figura 3), por ejemplo. Se ha contemplado que la placa de pivote 614 pueda haberse dispuesto en una porción del conjunto de herramienta 17 o estar incorporada con esta. Se han dispuesto una pluralidad de ranuras 616 (se ilustran cinco ranuras 616) en la placa de pivote 614, las cuales se han dimensionado para aceptar al menos una porción del dedo 616 de leva en su interior. Con diferentes magnitudes de articulación del conjunto de herramienta 17 (incluyendo la ausencia sustancial de articulación) con respecto a la porción de cuerpo 512 (véase, por ejemplo, la Figura 1), el dedo 612 de leva queda aproximadamente alineado con una ranura individual 616 de la placa de pivote 614. Las Figuras 18 y 19 ilustran el dedo 612 de leva sustancialmente alineado con una ranura central 616a (oculta de la vista en la Figura 19), y la Figura 20 ilustra el dedo 612 de leva sustancialmente alineado con una ranura lateral 616b.
El elemento de ligadura 618, ilustrado en las Figuras 17 y 19, est� en acoplamiento mecánico con la placa de pivote 614 y con el dedo 612 de leva. (En la Figura 18, el elemento de ligadura ha sido retirado.) El elemento de ligadura 618 se ha ilustrado de manera que presenta una abertura 620 y una ranura 622 (Figura 19). La abertura 620 se encuentra también en una relación pivotante con una protuberancia 624 dispuesta en la placa de pivote 614, y la ranura 622 est� acoplada de forma deslizante con el dedo 612 de leva. Esta relación hace posible la articulación de la placa de pivote 614 con respecto a la porción de cuerpo 512, as� como la traslación longitudinal de la corredera 608 con respecto a la placa de pivote 614.
En funcionamiento, al producirse al menos un accionamiento parcial del mango movible 516 (véase la Figura 1, por ejemplo), el elemento empujador 604 es forzado en sentido distal, por ejemplo, mediante la barra de control 520 (véase, por ejemplo, la Figura 11), con lo que se provoca una traslación en sentido distal del dedo 612 de leva al menos parcialmente al interior de una ranura 616 de la placa de pivote 614. Se ha contemplado que el accionamiento del mango movible 516 para aproximar el conjunto de cartucho 18 y un conjunto de yunque 20 (véase, por ejemplo, la Figura 1A) también funciona para trasladar el dedo 612 de leva en sentido distal. En dicha realización, cuando el conjunto de herramienta de articulación 17 est� en su lugar y se dispone abrazando tejido, no puede llevarse a cabo una articulación adicional (sin soltar el mango movible 516, por ejemplo). De esta forma, el conjunto de bloqueo 600 ayuda a mantener el conjunto de herramienta de articulación 17 en posición con respecto a la porción de cuerpo 512, antes de emplazar las grapas en el tejido, por ejemplo.
Como se ha explicado anteriormente, el resorte 610 carga en sentido distal la corredera 608 con respecto a la barra
606. Esta carga proporcionada por el resorte 610 ayuda a garantizar que el dedo 612 de leva no es desalojado accidental o prematuramente de la ranura 616 de la placa de pivote 614, lo que podría dar como resultado una cantidad significativa de “juego” entre ellos. De manera adicional, la carga en sentido distal proporcionada por el resorte 610 contribuye a eliminar las tolerancias y/o holguras de fabricación que est�n presentes entre la corredera 608 y la placa de pivote 614. Se ha contemplado también que al menos una porción del dedo 612 de leva y/o la ranura 616 puedan haberse formado a modo de cuña para ayudar a reducir cualquier movimiento no intencionado
entre ellos. En dicha realización, una porción distal del dedo 612 de leva y la ranura 616 ser�n más delgadas que una porción proximal correspondiente.
En una realización de la presente invención que se ilustra en las Figuras 21 y 22, se ha ilustrado un conjunto de bloqueo 700 para uso con el instrumento quirúrgico 500 y la unidad de carga desechable 16 (Figura 1, por ejemplo). En la realización ilustrada, el conjunto de bloqueo 700 incluye un adaptador 702, un elemento empujador 704, un pivote 706, un elemento de carga (por ejemplo, un par de resortes 708) y un elemento de ligadura 710. El conjunto de bloqueo 700 ayuda generalmente a mantener el conjunto de herramienta 17 en una posición predeterminada.
Haciendo referencia a la Figura 21, el adaptador 702 del conjunto de bloqueo 700 est� generalmente alojado dentro de la porción de cuerpo 512 (véase, por ejemplo, la Figura 1) del instrumento quirúrgico 500 o dentro de la unidad de carga desechable 16. En la realización ilustrada, el elemento empujador 704 est� situado distalmente con respecto a un par de resortes 708. El elemento empujador 704 est� cargado en sentido distal mediante el par de resortes 708, hacia el pivote 706 del conjunto de herramienta de articulación 17. Una porción distal del elemento empujador 704 incluye una superficie conjugada 712 de elemento empujador (Figura 22) que se ha conformado y dimensionado para encajar con una superficie conjugada pivotante 714 (Figura 22), dispuesta adyacente a una porción proximal del pivote 706. El elemento de ligadura 710 se ha ilustrado en cooperación mecánica con una porción del elemento empujador 704 y unido de forma pivotante a una porción de, pivote 706, con lo que se permite que el conjunto de herramienta de articulación 17 se desplace entre su primera posición y su segunda posición con respecto a la porción de cuerpo 512. Más específicamente, el elemento de ligadura 710 incluye una abertura 711 que se ajusta sobre un saliente 707 del pivote 706, con lo que se permite el movimiento pivotante entre ellos. Por otra parte, el elemento de ligadura 710 est� acoplado de forma deslizante con una porción del adaptador 702, con lo que se permite el movimiento longitudinal entre ellos.
Haciendo referencia, a continuación, a la Figura 22, la superficie conjugada 712 del elemento empujador es, en esta realización, sustancialmente plana a lo largo de la mayor parte de su longitud. De forma correspondiente, la superficie conjugada de pivote 714 es también plana a lo largo de la mayor parte de su longitud, en la realización ilustrada. De esta forma, la carga en sentido distal del elemento empujador 704 hacia el pivote 706 (en la dirección de la flecha A), a través del par de resortes 708, ayuda a mantener el conjunto de herramienta de articulación 17 en su primera posición, no articulada, ya que la fuerza de carga ayuda al conjunto de herramienta de articulación 17 a resistir el movimiento de pivote. Si bien se han ilustrado dos resortes 708, puede proporcionarse un número mayor o menor de resortes 708.
A fin de hacer pivotar la herramienta de articulación 17 desde su primera posición, no articulada, debe superarse la fuerza de carga en sentido distal procedente del par de resortes 708. Semejante acción pivotante desplaza el elemento empujador 704 en sentido proximal (en la dirección de la flecha B) contra la carga del par de resortes 708. Se ha contemplado, asimismo, que la superficie conjugada 714 del elemento empujador incluya unos fiadores (no mostrados explícitamente en esta realización) para ayudar a estabilizar el miembro de mandíbula de articulación 17 en las posiciones articuladas seleccionadas.
Siguiendo con la referencia a la Figura 22, el pivote 706 incluye una repisa 716 en el mismo. Como se ha mostrado en la Figura 22, la repisa 716 se solapa a al menos una porción del elemento empujador 704 cuando la superficie conjugada 712 del elemento empujador est� en contacto con la superficie conjugada de pivote 714. La repisa 716 est� situada y configurada para ayudar a prevenir que el tejido sea pellizcado entre el elemento empujador 704 y el pivote 706 cuando el conjunto de herramienta de articulación 17 es hecho rotar y/o articulado.
En una realización de la presente invención que se ilustra en las Figuras 23-25, se ha ilustrado una varilla de impulsión 750 de múltiples capas, que tiene una pluralidad de capas 750a-750e y puede estar incluida en una unidad de carga desechable 16 (véase la Figura 1, por ejemplo). Se ha ilustrado también un aparato de cierre 760, tal como una viga de perfil en I. El aparato de cierre 760 incluye una porción horizontal 762 que se hace avanzar al interior de la superficie 42 de accionamiento de leva (u otra superficie de contacto) para aproximar el conjunto de herramienta 17, como se ha descrito en detalle anteriormente con referencia a la Figura 2.
Haciendo referencia a la Figura 24, se ha ilustrado en ella la viga de impulsión 750 de múltiples capas, que tiene cinco capas 750a-750e. Se ha contemplado y se encuentra dentro del alcance de la presente invención la posibilidad de utilizar un número menor o mayor de capas para formar la varilla de impulsión 750 de múltiples capas. Se ha contemplado también que la viga de impulsión 750 de múltiples capas pueda reemplazar la varilla de impulsión 266 en otras realizaciones de esta invención. El uso de la varilla de impulsión 750 de múltiples capas puede proporcionar una resistencia y flexibilidad incrementadas en durante su uso, específicamente, por ejemplo, mientras el conjunto de herramienta 17 se encuentra en una posición articulada.
En las Figuras 23-25 se han ilustrado una pluralidad de recortes 770 que se extienden a través de cada capa de la varilla de impulsión 750 de múltiples capas. Si bien las figuras muestran entre cinco y diez recortes por cada capa de la varilla de impulsión 750 de múltiples capas, el número exacto de recortes 770 puede ser menor de cinco, de entre cinco y diez, o mayor de diez. De manera adicional, los recortes 770 de capas adyacentes de la varilla de impulsión 750 pueden alinearse o no unos con otros. El uso de los recortes 770 reduce las dimensiones en corte transversal de la varilla de impulsión 750 y permite el ajuste de la fuerza de doblamiento. Si bien se han ilustrado recortes 770
rectangulares, se contempla también el uso de recortes 770 que tienen otras formas regulares o no regulares.
La fijación de cada capa 750a-750e de la varilla de impulsión 750 de múltiples capas y la fijación al aparato de cierre 760 se han ilustrado en la Figura 25. En la realización que se ilustra, una capa exterior (750a o 750e de la Figura 24) est� fijada al aparato de cierre 760 en dos posiciones (de manera que cada posición se ha indicado por la referencia numérica 780 en las Figuras 25) mediante un par de puntos de soldadura, por ejemplo. Se ha contemplado también que cada capa exterior 750a, 750e incluya una abertura 776 que se ajusta sobre una protuberancia 778 que sobresale desde el aparato de cierre 760. Cada capa exterior 750a, 750e est� también fijada a una capa adyacente (por ejemplo, la 750b o la 750d) en dos posiciones (habiéndose indicado cada posición por la referencia numérica 781 en la Figura 25), posiblemente a través de un par de puntos de soldadura. Por otra parte, cada capa interior (por ejemplo, la 750b, la 750c y la 750d) est� fijada a una capa interior adyacente (por ejemplo, la 750b est� fijada a la 750c; la 750c est� fijada a la 750b y a la 750d; y la 750d est� fijada a la 750c) en dos posiciones mediante puntos de soldadura, por ejemplo. Si bien se ha divulgado la soldadura por puntos como método de fijación, se han contemplado y se encuentran dentro del alcance de la presente invención otros métodos para fijar cada capa a las otras y las capas exteriores al aparato de cierre. Las realizaciones ilustradas muestran puntos de fijación 780 de capas interiores adyacentes al aparato de cierre 760, pero se ha contemplado, y se encuentra dentro del alcance de la presente invención el hecho de que los puntos de fijación 780 se dispongan en otras posiciones de la varilla de impulsión 750. De manera adicional, se ha contemplado que al menos una de las capas de la varilla de impulsión 750 est� hecha de un metal, tal como acero inoxidable. Ciertas partes de la varilla de impulsión 750 y/o del aparato de cierre 760 pueden también estar hechas de un material plástico o al menos revestidas parcialmente con él, como se describe más adelante. Por otra parte, el aparato de cierre 790 puede incluir una superficie de corte 766 (Figura 23) en el mismo para el corte del tejido.
En una realización de la presente invención que se ilustra en las Figuras 26 y 27, se muestran un aparato de cierre 800 y una porción de una varilla de impulsión 802. El aparato de cierre y/o una superficie de contacto (por ejemplo, la superficie 42 de accionamiento de leva) del conjunto de herramienta 17 (véase la Figura 2, por ejemplo) pueden incluir una superficie de plástico o un revestimiento de plástico. En esta realización, el aparato de cierre 800 se ha ilustrado de tal modo que tiene un par de viseras 804 que cubren, al menos parcialmente, unas porciones horizontales 806 del aparato de cierre 800. Las viseras 804 pueden estar hechas de plástico en esta realización. Tales superficies de plástico dispuestas en el aparato de cierre 800 y/o en la superficie de contacto del conjunto de herramienta 17 reducen generalmente la magnitud del rozamiento entre ellas con respecto a dos superficies de metal. Es decir, una interacción de plástico con metal o de plástico con plástico puede generar menos rozamiento que la interacción entre un par de superficies de metal. Esta magnitud reducida del rozamiento puede estar en correspondencia con una fuerza de disparo reducida.
Se ha contemplado que una porción del aparato de cierre 800, tal como un par de viseras 804, est� hecha de plástico, se haya sobremoldeado con plástico o incluya un revestimiento de plástico. De manera adicional, una superficie de contacto del conjunto de herramienta 17, o al menos una porción de la misma, puede también estar hecha de plástico, haberse sobremoldeado con plástico, o incluir un revestimiento de plástico.
En una realización de la invención, el aparato de cierre 800 puede incluir una sección transversal en forma de I, tal y como se ilustra en las Figuras 26 y 27. De manera adicional, el aparato de cierre 800 y la varilla de impulsión 802 pueden formar parte de una unidad de carga desechable 16 y/o formar parte de un instrumento quirúrgico 500 que sea capaz de articularse. Por otra parte, la varilla de impulsión 802 puede incluir una única capa o una pluralidad de capas (tal como se muestra en la Figura 26), y al menos una porción de la varilla de impulsión 802 puede estar hecha de plástico. Aún de manera adicional, el aparato de cierre 800 puede incluir una superficie de corte 808 (Figura 27) en el mismo para cortar tejido.
Siguiendo con la referencia a las Figuras 26 y 27, la visera de plástico 804 puede incluir una sección reforzada 810 que puede aumentar la resistencia del aparato de cierre 800 o puede proporcionar una unión más fuerte entre la visera 804 y la porción horizontal 806 del aparato de cierre 800. Se ha contemplado también que la visera 804 pueda estar fijada de forma desmontable al aparato de cierre 800. En dicha realización, la visera 804 puede ser retirada y reemplazada si se produce cualquier desgaste o daño sustancial.
En una realización de la presente invención que se ilustra en las Figuras 28 y 29, se ha ilustrado un conjunto de herramienta 850. El conjunto de herramienta 850 de esta realización incluye un canal 852, un primer miembro de fijación 860, un segundo miembro de fijación 870, un conjunto de yunque 880, una primera barra de fijación 890 y una segunda barra de fijación 892. Las primera y segunda barras de fijación 890, 892 proporcionan una unión fuerte que facilita que los elementos del conjunto de herramienta 850 permanezcan juntos.
El canal 852 incluye una abertura 854 (se han ilustrado dos aberturas) adyacente a su extremo proximal, y el primer miembro de fijación 860 incluye una protuberancia 862 (se han ilustrado dos protuberancias) que se extiende desde el mismo. El canal 852 es susceptible de conectarse al primer miembro de fijación por medio de una(s) abertura(s) de colocación 854 dispuesta(s) sobre el (las) protuberancia(s) 862, con lo que se proporciona una unión pivotante entre ellos. Si bien no se ha ilustrado explícitamente en la presente realización, el canal 852 puede alojar una pluralidad de sujetadores quirúrgicos o un cartucho de grapas.
El conjunto de yunque 880 incluye una cubierta 882 de yunque y un yunque 886. El yunque 886 est� configurado para su acoplamiento mecánico con la cubierta 882 de yunque, por ejemplo, mediante una unión de ajuste por salto elástico. Una abertura 884 se extiende al menos parcialmente a través de una porción de la cubierta 882 de yunque. La abertura 884 se ha configurado para ajustarse sobre un saliente 872 dispuesto en el segundo miembro de fijación 870, con lo que se proporciona una unión entre el conjunto de yunque 880 y el segundo miembro de fijación 870. De manera adicional, la cubierta 882 de yunque incluye al menos una abertura 888 que se extiende al menos parcialmente a su través, en una realización de la invención. La abertura 888 se ha configurado para ajustarse sobre la protuberancia 862 del primer elemento de fijación 860. En tal realización, el conjunto de yunque 880 puede hacerse pivotar con respecto al primer miembro de fijación 860 y al segundo miembro de fijación 870.
El primer miembro de fijación 860 incluye una primera abertura 864 y una segunda abertura 866 que se extienden a su través. El segundo miembro de fijación 870 también incluye una primera abertura 874 y una segunda abertura 876 que se extienden a su través (Figura 29). Por otra parte, el primer miembro de fijación 860 y el segundo miembro de fijación 870 se encuentran en acoplamiento mecánico, de tal manera que las primeras aberturas 864, 874 se alinean sustancialmente y las segundas aberturas 866, 876 se alinean sustancialmente.
A fin de asegurar el primer miembro de fijación 860 con el segundo miembro de fijación 870 (y, por tanto, el canal 852 y el conjunto de yunque 880), la primera barra de fijación 890, o una porción de la misma, es insertada a través de las primeras aberturas 864 y 874. Para asegurar adicionalmente los elementos del conjunto de herramienta 850, la segunda barra de fijación 892, o una porción de la misma, es insertada a través de las segundas aberturas 866 y
876. Se ha contemplado que la primera barra de fijación 890 y/o la segunda barra de fijación 892 sean remaches, tales como remaches de dos partes que son susceptibles de apretarse.
En una realización de la invención, el conjunto de herramienta 850 forma parte de una unidad de carga desechable, que puede ser capaz de articularse. La articulación del conjunto de herramienta 850 puede ser facilitada mediante la fijación pivotante del conjunto de herramienta 850 a una porción de cuerpo de un instrumento quirúrgico por medio de un saliente 872 que se extiende desde el segundo miembro de fijación 870 y un elemento de ligadura (tal como el elemento de ligadura 710 de la Figura 21). Adicionalmente, se contempla por la presente invención un método para ensamblar un conjunto de herramienta 850 según se ha descrito anteriormente.
Se comprender� que es posible realizar diversas modificaciones en las realizaciones divulgadas en esta memoria. Por ejemplo, el conjunto de bloqueo anteriormente descrito puede incorporarse a una variedad de instrumentos quirúrgicos que incluyen DLUs y no est� limitado al uso en grapadoras lineales. Por otra parte, la DLU puede estar configurada para recibir una punta de inserción de un instrumento quirúrgico en contraposición con lo que se ha divulgado. En consecuencia, la anterior descripción no debe interpretarse como limitativa, sino meramente como ejemplificaciones de diversas realizaciones. Los expertos de la técnica idearán otras modificaciones dentro del alcance y espíritu de las reivindicaciones que se acompañan a la misma.
Claims (9)
- REIVINDICACIONES1.-Una unidad de carga (16) configurada para su acoplamiento liberable con un instrumento quirúrgico, de tal manera que la unidad de carga comprende:una porción proximal, configurada para su acoplamiento liberable con una porción endosc�pica del instrumento quirúrgico;una porción de cuerpo (200), que define un primer eje longitudinal;un conjunto de herramienta (850) del conjunto de unidad de carga, dispuesto distalmente con respecto a la porción de cuerpo y que es susceptible de asegurarse a un extremo distal de la porción de cuerpo, de tal modo que el conjunto de herramienta comprende:un miembro de canal (852), que es sustancialmente paralelo con el primer eje longitudinal;un conjunto de yunque (880), dispuesto en yuxtaposición con respecto al miembro de canal y que es sustancialmente paralelo con el primer eje longitudinal;un primer miembro de fijación (860), dispuesto en cooperación mecánica con una porción proximal del miembro de canal, de tal manera que el primer miembro de fijación incluye una primera abertura (864) que se extiende al menos parcialmente a su través, y una segunda abertura (866) que se extiende al menos parcialmente a su través; yun segundo miembro de fijación (870), dispuesto en cooperación mecánica con el primer miembro de fijación, de tal modo que el segundo miembro de fijación incluye una primera abertura (874) que se extiende al menos parcialmente a su través, y una segunda abertura (876) que se extiende al menos parcialmente a su través; caracterizada poruna primera barra de fijación (890), configurada para extenderse al menos parcialmente a través de la primera abertura del primer miembro de fijación y al menos parcialmente a través de la primera abertura del segundo miembro de fijación; yuna segunda barra de fijación (892), configurada para extenderse al menos parcialmente a través de la segunda abertura del primer miembro de fijación y al menos parcialmente a través de la segunda abertura del segundo miembro de fijación.
- 2.-La unidad de carga de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, en la cual la primera barra de fijación es sustancialmente paralela a la segunda barra de fijación.
- 3.-La unidad de carga de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 o la reivindicación 2, en la cual el miembro de canal incluye una abertura (854) adyacente a su extremo proximal, en la que el primer miembro de fijación incluye una protuberancia (862) que se extiende desde el mismo, y en la cual el acoplamiento entre la abertura del miembro de canal y la protuberancia del primer miembro de fijación proporciona una unión pivotante entre ellos.
- 4.-La unidad de carga de acuerdo con la reivindicación 3, en la cual la protuberancia del primer miembro de fijación es sustancialmente perpendicular a la primera barra de fijación y al primer eje longitudinal.
- 5.-La unidad de carga de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, en la cual el conjunto de yunque incluye una abertura (884) que se extiende al menos parcialmente a su través, en la que el segundo miembro de fijación incluye un saliente (872) dispuesto en el mismo, y en la cual la abertura del conjunto de yunque est� configurada para ajustarse sobre el saliente del segundo miembro de fijación.
- 6.-La unidad de carga de acuerdo con la reivindicación 5, en la cual el saliente del segundo miembro de fijación es sustancialmente paralelo con la primera barra de fijación.
- 7.-La unidad de carga de acuerdo con la reivindicación 3, en la cual el conjunto de yunque incluye una abertura(884) que se extiende al menos parcialmente a su través, en la que el segundo miembro de fijación incluye un saliente (872) dispuesto en el mismo, en la cual la abertura del conjunto de yunque est� configurada para ajustarse sobre el saliente del segundo miembro de fijación, y en la que el conjunto de yunque incluye al menos una abertura(888) que se extiende al menos parcialmente a su través, de tal manera que la abertura est� configurada para ajustarse sobre la protuberancia (862) del primer miembro de fijación.
- 8.-La unidad de carga de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, en la cual la primera barra de fijación es un remache.
- 9.-La unidad de carga de acuerdo con la reivindicación 8, en la cual la primera barra de fijación es un remache de dos partes susceptible de ser apretado.
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| US11/544,518 US8608043B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2006-10-06 | Surgical instrument having a multi-layered drive beam |
| US11/544,479 US20080083807A1 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2006-10-06 | Surgical instrument including a locking assembly |
| US11/544,519 US8584921B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2006-10-06 | Surgical instrument with articulating tool assembly |
| US11/544,983 US7637410B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2006-10-06 | Surgical instrument including a locking assembly |
| US544983 | 2006-10-06 | ||
| US11/544,982 US7845535B2 (en) | 2006-10-06 | 2006-10-06 | Surgical instrument having a plastic surface |
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| ES07253815T Active ES2376036T3 (es) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-09-26 | Instrumento quirúrgico con una superficie de pl�?stico. |
| ES10011352.1T Active ES2474597T3 (es) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-09-26 | Instrumento quirúrgico que incluye un conjunto de bloqueo |
| ES07253822T Active ES2366386T3 (es) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-09-26 | Instrumento quirúrgico que incluye un conjunto de bloqueo. |
| ES11152265T Active ES2392797T3 (es) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-09-26 | Instrumento quirúrgico que tiene una superficie de plástico |
| ES07839347.7T Active ES2507505T3 (es) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-10-04 | Instrumento quirúrgico que tiene una viga de impulsión multicapa |
| ES14178631.9T Active ES2637800T3 (es) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-10-04 | Instrumento quirúrgico que tiene una viga de impulsión multicapa |
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| ES10189082.0T Active ES2639463T3 (es) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-09-25 | Instrumento quirúrgico que incluye un conjunto de bloqueo |
| ES07253788T Active ES2367590T3 (es) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-09-25 | Instrumento quirúrgico que incluye un conjunto de bloqueo. |
| ES07253815T Active ES2376036T3 (es) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-09-26 | Instrumento quirúrgico con una superficie de pl�?stico. |
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| ES07253822T Active ES2366386T3 (es) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-09-26 | Instrumento quirúrgico que incluye un conjunto de bloqueo. |
| ES11152265T Active ES2392797T3 (es) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-09-26 | Instrumento quirúrgico que tiene una superficie de plástico |
| ES07839347.7T Active ES2507505T3 (es) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-10-04 | Instrumento quirúrgico que tiene una viga de impulsión multicapa |
| ES14178631.9T Active ES2637800T3 (es) | 2006-10-06 | 2007-10-04 | Instrumento quirúrgico que tiene una viga de impulsión multicapa |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (14) | US7845535B2 (es) |
| EP (10) | EP1908412B1 (es) |
| JP (9) | JP2008093432A (es) |
| CN (3) | CN101156792B (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE532466T1 (es) |
| AU (4) | AU2007219291B2 (es) |
| CA (4) | CA2604749C (es) |
| ES (8) | ES2639463T3 (es) |
| WO (1) | WO2008045383A2 (es) |
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2006
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