ES2496395B2 - Device and procedure for optimization of vertical axis wind turbines - Google Patents

Abstract

Device (1) and procedure (P1) for optimization of vertical axis wind turbines, whose main elements are; - a column (03), of those used to support a wind turbine (01) and a generator multiplier group (02), and which also supports a cylindrical screen (10), a plurality being arranged inside the column (03) pneumatic cylinders (20), single acting extended idle, in cascade position; - a cylindrical screen (10), which is lined internally by a heating resistance (1003), the purpose of said screen (10) being to externally wrap a wind turbine (01) in order to reduce, and even cancel, its surface exposed to the wind, and also being the purpose of the screen to heat said wind turbine (01).

Description

Device and procedure for optimizing vertical axis wind turbines.

5 Object and sector of the technique to which the invention relates

The present invention relates to a device and method for optimizing vertical axis wind turbines, and is intended to:

10 -reduce the area exposed to the wind by the wind turbine (O 1) with the tin of being able to generate electricity with winds of speed superior to the nominal one;

-

cancel the area exposed to the wind by the wind turbine (01) to protect the impeller in the case of wind speed exceeding the maximum pennitide;

15 -brake the wind turbine (01) when desired, regardless of wind speed;

-

protect the colic impeller (O 1) from wear by UVA rays, pollution, etc.

2 Or when the wind speed is lower than the minimum to generate electricity and at all times in case of alert (heavy rain inclined, sloping rock, etc.);

-

avoid the formation of ice in the wind turbine (01) or eliminate the ice formed by said wind turbine (0 1);

The invention is in the field of fluid mechanics, and more specifically of machinery for the use of wind energy; The invention is valid to cover the entire range of vertical axis air turbines.

30 General and closest prior state of the art

Different types of air turbines are known in the state of the art, which normally admit a first classification according to the horizontal or vertical position 35 of the axis of rotation of the turbine. A second classification is made according to its operating principle, based on "Drag" drag forces, "Lifl" lift forces, or a mixture of both. The Darrieus model is well known, being of vertical axis and mainly of support; also the Savonius model, being of vertical axis and of drag; as well as the monopala, bipala, and tripala models

40 built by aerodynamic profile, these being horizontal and mainly supporting.

Vertical axis wind rotors are known that present numerous problems and disadvantages, such as the need for an expensive blade rotation system for rotor regulation, or a mechanical brake for rotor stopping, as well as the

It is necessary to have to remain out of service when the winds are higher than the nominal ones, since if they do not stop, they can be broken, since they offer great resistance due to their vertical position.

5 Vertical axis wind rotors are known, all of which suffer from low energy efficiency as previously mentioned.

Aero-turbines such as those mentioned can be seen in the documents: US1219339; US3743848; US3793530; US3995170; US4115032; US4208168; US4278894; 10 US7083382; ES2364828; ES2180443; ES2209172; ES2336084; PL200550; ES2364828, among many others.

These aero-t urbines present a problem that focuses primarily on the following aspects:

15 - they require blades that have to be oversized to withstand higher than nominal winds and withstand high vibrations until they go out of service mode;

20 -Require a complex braking system in the presence of winds higher than the nominal ones, and it is also necessary to leave the aero-turbine out of service, being unable to take advantage of any of the high energy available at that time to the high air flow speed;

25 -when there is not enough wind speed, and the turbine is out of service (this happens 80% of the annual hours), the impeller is equally exposed to atmospheric agents, UVA rays, heat, wear , etc.;

3 Or - when ice forms, usually at the leading edge of the blades. The generation is practically canceled and in addition the ice blocks can be launched generating an extremely dangerous situation for people, animals and equipment.

The device (I) and procedure (PI) that the invention advocates solves in a fully satisfactory manner the problem set forth above, in each and every one of the different aspects mentioned.

Detailed description of the invention

To complement the description and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, a set of figures with an illustrative and non-limiting nature is attached as an integral part of said description.

Glossary of references

(J!)

(01) 5 (02)

(03) (03MA) (03MB) (03MC)

10 (04)

(05)

W

(10)

15 (100) (1001) (1002) (1003) (1004)

20 (1005)

(20) (200A) (200B) (200C)

25 (200D) (20IA) (201 B) (201C) (2010)

3 O (30)

(40) (40 1 A) (401 B) (40IC)

35 (4010)

(402)

(403)

(404)

(405)

(TI) (PIO) (PII) (PI2)

45 (P13)

V A WT of prior art; Wind turbine; Generator multiplier group; Column; Slot A; Slot B; Slot C; Powerline; Distribution panel;

Device for optimization of vertical axis wind turbines; Panta lla cylindrical; Nerves; Crown; Disk; Heating resistor; Power cables; Wireless thermometer; Plurality of pneumatic cylinders; Cylinder A; Cylinder B; Cylinder C; Cylinder D;

Take A;

Take B; Take C; Take O; Electro-pneumatic line; Electro-pneumatic frame; Solenoid valve A; Solenoid valve B; Solenoid valve C; Solenoid valve D; Compressor;

PLC;

Wireless sensor;

Contactor;

Procedure for optimization of vertical axis wind turbines; Wind turbine stage (01) closed 100%; 100% open wind turbine stage (01); Wind turbine stage (01) open 75%; Wind turbine stage (01) open 50%;

(PI4)

Wind turbine stage (01) open 25%;

(P IS)

Heating resistance stage (1003) with power supply;

(PI6)

Heating resistance stage (1003) without power supply;

(PI?)

Operation stage of wind turbine (01) as motor and in direction

5

opposite of as a generator;

(ME)

Nonnal sleep mode;

(M2)

Frost standby mode;

(M3)

Normal operation mode;

(M4)

Frost mode of operation;

10

(M3T) Timed noonal operation mode;

Glossary of symbols

VAWT Vertical axis wind turbine;

15 PLC Programmable Logic Controller; V Wind speed (mis); m Minimum wind speed (mIs), machine start; n Nominal wind speed (mis); H Possible ice formation;

20 H Possible icing; Tr Wind impeller temperature (01); 160s 60 second timer; Ilh Timer of l hour;

25 (MI, M2, M3, M4) Supra-scratched modes are logic denied;

Brief description of the figures

Figure 1 (Fig.l) .- shows an elevation view of a VAWT of the prior art state 3 O (O).

Figure 2 (Fig.2) .- shows an elevation view of a device for optimization of vertical axis wind turbines (1), the cylindrical screen (10) is in its lower position: the wind turbine is fully open.

Figure 3 (Fig. 3) .- shows an elevation view of a device for optimizing vertical axis wind turbines (1), the cylindrical screen (10) is in its upper position: the wind turbine is fully closed.

-

4 OF Figure 4 (Fig. 4) .- shows an elevation view of a device for optimizing vertical axis wind turbines (1), the cylindrical screen (10) is in different positions: Fig. 4A at 25% from its lower position; Fig. 4B at 500/0 of its lower position; Fig. 4C at 75% of its lower position; Fig. 4D at 100% of its lower position, that is to say in its upper position.

Figure 5 (Fig. 5) .- shows a longitudinal section view of part of a device for optimizing vertical axis wind turbines (1), the cylindrical screen (10) is in its lower position.

5 Figure 6 (Fig. 6) .- shows a longitudinal section view of part of a device for optimization of vertical axis wind turbines (1), the cylindrical screen (1 O) is it is in its upper position; a detail of the crown position is shown (1001).

10 Figure 7 (Fig. 7) .- shows a longitudinal section view of a cylindrical screen (10).

Figure 8 (Fig. 8) .- shows a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical screen (10).

Figure 9 (Fig. 9) .- shows a schematic view of a plurality of pneumatic cylinders (20) in different positions: Fig. 9A all in their retracted position; Fig. 98 all in their stretch position.

20 Figure 10 (Fig. 10) .- shows in Fig. 10A an elevation view of a column (03); in Fig. 10R a cross-sectional view of the column; in Fig.IOC a schematic view of an arrangement of a heating resistor (1003).

Figure 11 (Fig11) .- shows an electro-pneumatic scheme.

Figure 12 (Fig. 12) .- shows a schematic view of a stage-transition graph (GRAFCET) of the procedure implemented in the programmable logic controller (PLC) (403), claimed by the invention.

3 O Detailed statement of a pre-exemplary embodiment of the invention

A preferred embodiment of the invention is described in detail, among the different possible alternatives, by listing its components as well as its functional relationship based on references to the figures, which have been included, by way of title

Illustrative and non-limiting, according to the principles of the claims.

Figure 1 (Fig.l) .- shows an elevation view of a VAWT of the prior art (O). A VAWT normally has a wind turbine (O 1) mechanically coupled to a generator multiplier group (02), the assembly being arranged

4 or on a column (03). An electrical line (04) electrically connects the generator with an electrical panel (05) containing said panel the necessary electrical protections and automation devices.

Figure 2-11 (Fig. 2-11) .- the content of Fig. 2-Fig-11, 45 is described in this paragraph for a better understanding of the invention (however each figure is described independently in subsequent paragraphs) , and show a device for

optimization of vertical axis wind turbines (1), consisting of:

a column (03), of those used to support a wind runner (01) and a

5 generator multiplier group (02), and which also supports a cylindrical screen (10), and in whose column a plurality of grooves (03MA, 03MB, 03MC) have been made to allow the movement of translation, by means of two ribs (1 00 ), of the cylindrical screen (10), and inside the column (03) a plurality of pneumatic cylinders (20) are arranged in

10 waterfall position;

a cylindrical screen (10), which is lined internally by a resistor

of heating (1003) that is powered by electric power by some cables

feeding (1004), and at the bottom of which a plurality of nerves are located

15 (100), fixed at one end, to a disk (1002) And to a crown (1 001), and at the other end, to the perimeter of the cylindrical screen (10); the purpose of said screen (10) being to externally wrap a wind turbine (O 1) in order to reduce, and even cancel, its surface exposed to the wind; and the purpose being also to heat said wind turbine (01); 20 a plurality of single acting pneumatic cylinders (200A, 200B, 200C, 2000) at extended rest, arranged one after the other in cascade, the base of the body of the first pneumatic cylinder (200A) being rigidly attached to a fixed part of the column (03) and the rod end of the last pneumatic cylinder (2000) attached to a disk (1002) rigidly attached to a cylindrical screen (10); the purpose of the aforementioned cylinders being

(20) perform a translational movement, in narrow steps, of a cylindrical screen (10);

3 Or an electro-pneumatic line (30) for supplying, on the one hand, pressurized air from an electro-pneumatic frame (40) to a plurality of pneumatic cylinders (200A, 200B, 200C, 200D), and, on the other hand , electricity to power a heating resistance (1003);

35 an electro-pneumatic panel (40) containing a plurality of solenoid valves (40IA, 40IB, 401C, 401D), a compressor (402), and a PLC (403) provided with wireless communication;

a wireless sensor (404) for measuring wind speed, ambient temperature 4 O and ambient relative humidity, and a wireless tennometer (1005) for measuring the surface temperature of a wind turbine (01);

The cylindrical screen (10) is preferably made of transparent plastic material, although it can be constructed of other opaque materials, such as opaque plastic, galvanized sheet metal, etc. The technical advantage of being transparent is its zero visual impact and the interior visualization of the interior elements. The material that forms the screen can be uniform but can also be perforated.

5 The plurality of single-acting pneumatic cylinders (20) use air pressure to force a piston from one side of the cylinder to the other, and a spring, to supply the return force.

The heating resistance (1003) is arranged on the inside surface of the screen

10 cylindrical. A preferred construction method is based on ni-chrom resistive metallic wire, nickel-chromium alloy (80% -20%), corrosion-resistant material, high electrical resistivity and difficult oxidation at high temperatures; It has a melting point close to 1400 oc. The thread is fixed to the surface by heat-resistant mounting adhesive (in the state of the art they are easily found up to

15 I 500 ° C). Said wire is arranged helically. The fundamental steps for the construction of heating resistance are:

- Mark the helical path with a marker; - Deposit a layer of heat-resistant mounting adhesive for said

20 way. wide double the diameter of the thread, let dry; - Paste on said layer using the same adhesive the resistive metal wire, let dry;

therefore the heating resistance (1003) consists of a resistive metallic wire of ni

25 chromium glued by means of heat-resistant mounting adhesive to a layer of the same adhesive previously deposited helically on the inner layer of the cylindrical screen (10). The heating resistance (1003) thus constructed will not damage the cylindrical screen (10), if it is made of plastic material, and will prevent it from shortening if it is made of metallic material.

30 Figure 2 (Fig.2) .- shows an elevation view of a device for optimization of vertical axis wind turbines (1), the cylindrical screen (10) is in its lower position: the wind turbine (O 1) It is fully open. This position will preferably be maintained when the wireless sensor (404) does not indicate speed

35 wind greater than nominal.

Figure 3 (Fig. 3) .- shows an elevation view of a device for optimizing vertical axis wind turbines (1), the cylindrical screen (10) is in its upper position: the wind turbine (01) It is totally closed. This position is

4 Or it will preferably be maintained when the wireless sensor (404) indicates wind speed greater than the maximum pennitide or when the wireless sensor (404) indicates ice formation and it is desired to proceed with the heating of the wind turbine (O 1) or when desired Remove the ice by rotating the wind turbine (01) inside the cylindrical screen (11) by feeding the generator as a motor or when the sensor

45 wireless (404) indicate a lower than minimum wind speed.

Figure 4 (Fig.4) .- shows an elevation view of a device for optimization of vertical axis wind turbines (1), the cylindrical screen (10) is in different positions: Fig.4A at 25% of its lower position; FigAB at 50% of its position

Lower S; Fig. 4C at 75% of its lower position; FigAD at 1000/0 of its lower position, that is, in its upper position. The positions shown in Fig. 4A-4C, preferably occur when the wireless sensor (404) indicates wind speed greater than the nominal one and the position of Fig. 4D when the speed is greater than the maximum allowed. Therefore the invention allows reducing the area exposed by the wind turbine

(01) to the wind, in cases of speed greater than the nominal one, in order not to exceed the nominal generation and overload the electric generator, and. It allows to cancel the exposed area as a way to stop and protect the wind turbine (02).

Preferably:

15 - the position of Fig. 4A is achieved by removing the excitation to the solenoid valve (4010) whereby the cylinder spring (2000) will act by extending its rod;

-

the position of Fig. 48 is achieved by removing the excitation to the solenoid valves 20 (4010.40 IC) so that the cylinder springs (2000,200C) will act, extending their rods;

-

the position of Fig. 4C is achieved by removing the excitation to the solenoid valves (4010,401 C, 401 B) whereby the cylinder springs (200D, 200C, 200B) 25 will act, extending their stems;

-

The position of Fig. 4D is achieved by removing the excitation to the solenoid valves (4010,401 C, 401 B, 401 A) so that the cylinder springs (200D, 200C, 200B, 200A) will act, extending their stems. This position, as has been

3 Or indicated, it is achieved by removing the excitation of all solenoid valves, all cylinders (200) going to their rest position, so if a system failure occurs this position will be given and the wind turbine (01) will be protected. ).

Figure 5 (Fig. 5) .- shows a longitudinal section view of part of a device 35 for optimizing vertical axis wind turbines (1), the cylindrical screen (1 O) is in its lower position.

Figure 6 (Fig. 6) .- shows a longitudinal section view of part of a device

for optimization of vertical axis wind turbines (1), the cylindrical screen (1 O) is

4 or is in its superior position; a detail of the crown position (1001) is shown; the crown (1001) fits in a circular groove constructed for this purpose in the generator multiplier group (02) achieving mechanical stability of the cylindrical screen (1 O).

Figure 7 (Fig. 7) .- shows a longitudinal section view of a cylindrical screen (10).

Figure 8 (Fig. 8) .- shows a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical screen 5 (10).

Figure 9 (Fig. 9) .- shows a schematic view of a plurality of pneumatic cylinders (20) in different positions: Fig. 9A all in their retracted position; Flg.9B all in your JXlsition stretch.

10 Figure 10 (Fig.IO) .- shows in Fig.l0A an elevation view of a column (03); in Fig. 10B a cross-sectional view of the column; in Fig. lOC a schematic view of an arrangement of a heating resistor (1003), in which a contactor (405) governed by a PLC (403) for power supply can be observed

15, from a power line (04), the heating resistance (1003).

Figure]] (Fig]]) .- shows an electro-pneumatic scheme.

Figure] 2 (Fig. 12) .- shows a schematic view of a 2 O stage-transition graph (GRAFCET) of the procedure implemented in the programmable logic controller (PLC) (403), claimed by the invention.

A procedure for optimization of vertical axis wind turbines (PI) using the device for optimization of vertical axis wind turbines (1) is described in detail by enumerating the steps to be executed in the order indicated.

Procedure for optimization of vertical axis wind turbines rp1)

Four different modes of operation are available, each mode consisting of 3 OR a plurality of stages.

+ Normal sleep mode (MI).

This mode of operation is activated if the wind speed (V) is less than the minimum speed (m) of machine start and if the formation of ice is not possible (H = no), that is: V <m and H = no;

This mode has a single stage:

4 O-Windmill (01) closed 100% (P 10); The cylindrical screen (10) is brought to the wind impeller position (01) closed at 100%;

+ Frost standby mode (M2).

This mode of operation is activated if the wind speed (V) is less than the minimum speed (m) of machine start and if ice formation is possible (H 5 = yes), ie: V <myH = yes;

This mode has two stages:

-

Chaldean yes (P / 5);

10 This stage is activated if the impeller temperature is lower than a setpoint, eg Tr <O ° C; The cylindrical screen (10) is kept in the wind impeller position (01) closed at 100%; The heating resistance (1003) is powered by electrical energy;

-

Chaldean NO (P / 6);

This stage is activated if the impeller temperature is higher than a value of setpoint, e.g. Tr> O ° C; The cylindrical screen (10) remains in the wind turbine position (01)

2 O closed at 100%;

+ Normal death mode (M3).

This mode of operation is activated if the wind speed (V) is greater than the minimum speed (m) of machine starting and if the formation of ice is not possible (H = no), that is: V> myH = no;

This mode has five stages:

3 O - 100% wind turbine (01) open (P11); The cylindrical screen (10) is brought to the wind impeller position (01) open at 100%.

-

Wind turbine (01) open 0175% (P12):

35 This stage is activated if the wind speed is greater than the nominal speed but less than a higher value than this, eg n <V <1.25-n; The cylindrical screen (10) is brought to the wind impeller position (01) open at 75%.

40-Wind power roll (01) open 0150% (PI3); This stage is activated if the wind speed is greater than the nominal speed but less than a higher value of this, eg n <V <1.5-n; The cylindrical screen (JO) takes the position of wind turbine (01) open to 50%

-

Wind turbine (01) open at 25% (P13);

This stage is activated if the wind speed is greater than the nominal speed but less than a higher value than this, eg. n <V <2'n; The cylindrical screen (10) is brought to the wind impeller position (O 1) open to the

5 25%.

-

Wind roll (01) closed 100% (PlO);

This stage is activated if the wind speed is greater than the nominal speed but less than a higher value of this, eg n <V <2-n; 10 The cylindrical screen (10) is brought to the wind impeller position (01) closed at 100%;

+ Frost mode of operation (M4).

15 This operating mode is activated if the wind speed (V) is greater than the minimum speed (m) of machine start and if ice formation is possible (H = yes), that is: V> m and H = yes;

This mode has four stages: 20

-

Chaldean yes (PJ5);

The cylindrical screen (10) remains in the wind turbine position (01) 100% closed; The heating resistance (1003) is powered by electrical energy;

-

Chaldean NO (PI6);

This stage is activated if the impeller temperature is higher than a value of setpoint, eg Tr> O ° C; The cylindrical screen (10) remains in the wind turbine position (01)

3 O closed at 100%;

-

Motor Rodete (PJ7);

This stage is activated sequentially always after the previous one, without transition conditions;

35 The cylindrical screen (10) is held in the wind impeller position (O 1) closed at 100%; The contactor (405) is excited so that the wind turbine (01) rotates as a motor, preferably in the opposite direction as a generator; that way the ice comes off and the cylindrical screen (10) prevents it from coming out projected;

-

Wind ridge (Ol) closed 100% (PlO);

This stage is activated if a timer count has elapsed, eg a time of 60 seconds; A timer is activated, eg of the hour; which will serve to mark the

45 ice removal intervals by counter-speed and wind turbine (O 1)

100% closed to prevent ice chips from coming off Exterior. The cylindrical screen (10) remains in the wind turbine position (01) closed at J00%;

+ Timed normal operation mode (M3T).

This mode of operation is activated if the wind speed (V) is greater than the minimum speed (m) of machine start and if the formation of ice is possible (H 10 = yes), and if the counting has not elapsed a timer that is, for example a time of 1 hour: V> m and H = siyt <Ih;

This mode uses the same stages of the Nonnal Operating Mode (M3) but with a set duration, eg I hour. fifteen

Claims (3)

S

one. Device for optimization of vertical axis wind turbines (1), of the type that incorporate elements to improve the operation of vertical axis wind turbines (O), which is characterized by:

10

-a column (03), of those used to support a wind turbine (O 1) and a generator multiplier group (02), and which also supports a cylindrical screen (10), and in whose column a plurality of grooves have been made (03MA.03MB, 03MC) to allow the translation movement, by means of two ribs (100), of the cylindrical screen (10), and inside the column (03) a plurality of pneumatic cylinders (20) are arranged in waterfall position;

1 5 2 O

-a cylindrical screen (10), which is lined internally by a heating resistor (1003) that is fed by power and electricity by some power cables (1004), and at whose bottom base a plurality of nelVios (100 ), fixed at one end, to a disk (1002) and a crown (1001), and at the other end, to the perimeter;: tro of ;: the cylindrical screen (10); the purpose of said screen (10) being to externally wrap a wind turbine (0 1) in order to reduce, and even cancel, its surface exposed to the wind; and the purpose being also to heat said wind turbine (O 1);

25 3 O

-a plurality of pneumatic cylinders (200A, 200B, 200C, 200D) of single acting extended idle, arranged one after the other in cascade, the base of the body of the first pneumatic cylinder (200A) being rigidly attached to a fixed part of the column (03) and the rod end of the last pneumatic cylinder (2000) attached to a disk (1002) rigidly gone to a cylindrical screen (10); the purpose of the aforementioned cylinders (20) being to carry out a translational movement, by bounded steps, of a cylindrical screen (10);

35

- an electro-pneumatic line (30) for supplying, on the one hand, pressurized air from an electro-pneumatic frame (40) to a plurality of pneumatic cylinders (200A, 200B, 200C, 200D), and, on the other hand, electricity to power a heating resistance (1 003);

4 o

- an electro-pneumatic frame (40) containing a plurality of solenoid valves (401 A, 40 I B.401 C, 401 O), a compressor (402). and a PLC (403) equipped with wireless communication;

-a wireless sensor (404) to measure wind speed, ambient temperature and relative humidity, and a tennometer

wireless (1005) to measure the surface temperature of a wind turbine (O 1); 2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical screen (10) is made of transparent plastic material. 3. Device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heating resistance (003) consists of a resistive metallic wire of ni The chromium glued by means of heat-resistant mounting adhesive to a layer of the same adhesive previously deposited helically on the inner layer of the cylindrical screen (10). 4. Procedure for optimization of vertical axis wind turbines (PI), of 15 type of those that improve the operation of vertical axis wind turbines (O), which uses the device (1), said procedure being characterized in that it comprises at least the following modes and stages: + Normal sleep mode (M J). 20 This operating mode is activated if the wind speed (V) is less than the minimum speed (m) of machine start and if ice formation is not possible (H = no), that is: V <m and H = no; 25 This mode has only one stage:

-

Wind roll (01) closed 100% (PlO);

The cylindrical screen (10) is brought to the wind impeller position (01) closed at 100%; 30 + Ice standby mode (M2). This mode of operation is activated if the wind speed (V) is less than the minimum speed (m) of machine start and if 3 S ice formation is possible (H = yes), that is: V <m and H = yes; This mode has two stages:

-

Chaldean yes (PI5);

40 This stage is activated if the impeller temperature is lower than a setpoint, eg Tr <OOC; The cylindrical screen (10) remains in the wind turbine position (01) 100% closed; The heating resistance (1003) is powered by electrical energy; Four. Five

-

Chaldean NO (Pio);

This stage is activated if the impeller temperature is higher than a value of setpoint, eg Tr> O ° C; The cylindrical screen (10) is held in the wind impeller position (O 1) 100% closed; + Normal operation mode (M3). This mode of operation is activated if the wind speed (V) is greater than the minimum speed (m) of machine start and if ice formation is not possible (H = no), that is: V> m and H = no; This mode has five stages:

-

Wind turbine (al) open at / 00% (PlI);

The cylindrical screen (10) is brought to the wind impeller position (01) 100% open.

-

Rodele wind (01) open to 75% (PI2):

This stage is activated if the wind speed is greater than the nominal speed but less than a higher value of this, eg n <V <1.25'n; The cylindrical screen (10) is brought to the 75% wind impeller position (01).

-

Wind roll (open) a150 "A; (PI3);

This stage is activated if the wind speed is greater than the nominal speed but less than a higher value of this, eg n <V <I, S'n; The cylindrical screen (10) is brought to the 50% wind impeller position (01).

-

Wind turbine (01) open at 25% (PI3);

This stage is activated if the wind speed is greater than the nominal speed but less than a higher value, eg n <V <2'n; The cylindrical screen (10) is brought to the position of wind turbine (O 1) 25% open.

-

100% closed wind turbine (01) (PIO);

This stage is activated if the wind speed is greater than the nominal speed but less than a higher value, eg n <V <2 'n; The cylindrical screen (JO) is brought to the wind turbine position (01) closed at I 00%;

+ Antiltie / o defimcionamienlo mode (M4).

5

This mode of operation is activated if the wind speed (V) is greater than the minimum speed (m) of machine start and if ice formation is possible (H = yes), that is: V> m and H = yes ;

This mode has four stages:

10

-Caldeo yes (P / 5); The cylindrical screen (10) is held in the 100% wind-up position (O 1) closed; The heating resistance (1003) is powered by electrical energy;

fifteen

-Caldeo NO (PI6); This stage is activated if the impeller temperature is higher than a setpoint, eg Tr> O ° C; The cylindrical screen (10) is kept in the wind impeller position (01) closed at 100%;

2 or 2S

-Rodete MOlor (P J7); This stage is activated sequentially always after the previous one, without transition conditions; The cylindrical screen (JO) is held in the wind impeller position (01) closed at 100%; The contactor (405) is excited so that the wind turbine (01) rotates as a motor, preferably in the opposite direction as a generator; thus the ice is released and the cylindrical screen (10) prevents it from coming out projected;

30 35

-Wind roll (01) closed 1000/0 (PIO); This stage is activated if a timer count has elapsed, eg a time of 60 seconds; A timer is activated, eg 1 hour; which will serve to mark the intervals of the ice im- nation by counter-speed and with a wind impeller (0 1) closed 100% to prevent the pieces of ice from falling off to the outside. The cylindrical screen (JO) remains in the wind impeller position (01) closed at 100%;

4 o

+ Death mode: Impemped lightning (M3T).

Four. Five

This mode of operation is activated if the wind speed (V) is greater than the minimum speed (m) of machine start and if ice formation is possible (H = sO, and if the timer count has not elapsed) that is, eg a time of 1 hour: V> m and H = yes and t <Ih;

This mode uses the same stages of the Normal Operating Mode (M3) but with a set duration, eg I hour.