ES2576843T3 - Composiciones catalizadoras y poliolefinas para aplicaciones de revestimiento por extrusión - Google Patents

Composiciones catalizadoras y poliolefinas para aplicaciones de revestimiento por extrusión Download PDF

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ES2576843T3
ES2576843T3 ES10075330.0T ES10075330T ES2576843T3 ES 2576843 T3 ES2576843 T3 ES 2576843T3 ES 10075330 T ES10075330 T ES 10075330T ES 2576843 T3 ES2576843 T3 ES 2576843T3
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resins
mol
catalyst
narrowing
determined
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Michael D. Jensen
Joel L. Martin
Randy Muninger
Ashish M. Sukhadia
Matthew Thorn
Max P. Mcdaniel
Elizabeth A. Benham
Gary Jerdee
Qing Yang
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Chevron Phillips Chemical Co LP
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F110/02—Ethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F210/16—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2410/00—Features related to the catalyst preparation, the catalyst use or to the deactivation of the catalyst
    • C08F2410/07—Catalyst support treated by an anion, e.g. Cl-, F-, SO42-
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2500/00—Characteristics or properties of obtained polyolefins; Use thereof
    • C08F2500/04—Broad molecular weight distribution, i.e. Mw/Mn > 6
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2500/00—Characteristics or properties of obtained polyolefins; Use thereof
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
    • C08F4/65912—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond in combination with an organoaluminium compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
    • C08F4/65916—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond supported on a carrier, e.g. silica, MgCl2, polymer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
    • C08F4/6592—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
    • C08F4/65922—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not
    • C08F4/65927—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not two cyclopentadienyl rings being mutually bridged
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    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
    • Y10S526/941—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series having the transition metal bonded directly to carbon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
    • Y10S526/943—Polymerization with metallocene catalysts
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    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
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Abstract

Un polímero de etileno, caracterizado por un índice de fusión de 7 a 15 g/10 min en el que el índice de fusión se mide de acuerdo con ASTM D-1238, Condición E (190 ºC, 2,16 kg); una densidad de 0,916 a 0,930 g/cm3, en el que la densidad se mide de acuerdo con ASTM D-1505; una energía de activación de flujo Ea de 38 a 42 kJ/mol en el que la energía de activación de flujo se determina realizando una superposición tiempo-temperatura de datos de frecuencia dinámica obtenidos a 150 ºC, 190 ºC y 230 ºC; un índice de polidispersión (Mw/Mn) de 5 a 10; un Mz de 500 a 1.100 kg/mol; un peso molecular Mw de 80 a 130 kg/mol; y el número de Ramas de Cadena Larga por 1.000 átomos de carbono (LCB/1000 átomos de carbono) es de 0,02 a 0,18, en el intervalo de pesos moleculares Mw de 100 a 1.000 kg/mol, en el que el índice de polidispersidad, Mw, Mn y Mz se determinan a partir de SEC-MALS y la LCB se determina usando la aproximación de Zimm-Stockmayer.

Description

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en la que R es un alquilo lineal o ramificado que tiene de 1 a 10 átomos de carbono y n es un número entero de 3 a
10. El resto (AlRO)n mostrado aquí también constituye la unidad repetitiva en un aluminoxano lineal. De esta manera, también se abarcan los aluminoxanos lineales que tienen la fórmula:
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5
en la que R es un alquilo lineal o ramificado que tiene de 1 a 10 átomos de carbono y n es un número entero de 1 a
50.
Además, los aluminoxanos pueden tener también estructuras de jaula de la fórmula Rt5m+αRbm-αAl4mO3m, en la que m es 3 o 4 y α es = nAl(3) -nO(2) + nO(4); en la que nAl(3) es el número de átomos de aluminio de coordinación tres, nO(2) es
10 el número de átomos de oxígeno de coordinación dos, nO(4) es el número de átomos de oxígeno de coordinación cuatro, Rt representa un grupo alquilo terminal y Rb representa un grupo alquilo de unión; en la que R es un alquilo lineal o ramificado que tiene de 1 a 10 átomos de carbono.
De esta manera, los aluminoxanos que pueden servir como cocatalizadores opcionales se representan generalmente por fórmulas tales como (R-Al-O)n, R(R-Al-O)nAlR2 y similares, en las que el grupo R es típicamente 15 un alquilo C1-C6 lineal o ramificado tal como metilo, etilo, propilo, butilo, pentilo o hexilo en las que n representa típicamente un número entero de 1 a 50. En una opción, los compuestos de aluminoxano de la presente invención incluyen, pero no se limitan a, metilaluminoxano, etilaluminoxano, n-propilaluminoxano, iso-propilaluminoxano, nbutilaluminoxano, t-butilaluminoxano, sec-butilaluminoxano, iso-butilaluminoxano, 1-pentilaluminoxano, 2pentilaluminoxano, 3-pentilaluminoxano, iso-pentilaluminoxano, neopentilaluminoxano o combinaciones de los
20 mismos.
Aunque se abarcan organoaluminoxanos con diferentes tipos de grupos R, metilaluminoxano (MAO), etilaluminoxano o isobutilaluminoxano son cocatalizadores opcionales típicos usados en las composiciones catalizadoras. Estos aluminoxanos se preparan a partir de trimetilaluminio, trietilaluminio o triisobutilaluminio, respectivamente y se denominan a veces poli(óxido de metilaluminio), poli(óxido de etilaluminio) y poli(óxido de
25 isobutilaluminio), respectivamente. Puede usarse un aluminoxano en combinación con un trialquilaluminio, tal como se desvela en la patente de EE.UU. N.º 4.794.096, que se incorpora en el presente documento por referencia en su totalidad.
La presente invención contempla muchos valores de n en las fórmulas de aluminoxano (R-Al-O)n y R(R-Al-O)nAlR2 y preferentemente n es al menos 3. Sin embargo, dependiendo de cómo se prepara, se almacena y se usa el
30 aluminoxano, el valor de n puede ser variable dentro de una única muestra de aluminoxano y una combinación tal de aluminoxanos está comprendida en los procedimientos y composiciones.
En la preparación de la composición catalizadora que comprende un aluminoxano opcional, la relación molar del aluminio en el aluminoxano al metaloceno en la composición es generalmente de 1:10 a 100.000:1. En una otra opción, la relación molar del aluminio en el aluminoxano al metaloceno en la composición es generalmente de 5:1 a
35 15.000:1. La cantidad de aluminoxano opcional añadido a una zona de polimerización es una cantidad dentro de un intervalo de 0,01 mg/l a 1.000 mg/l, de 0,1 mg/l a 100 mg/l, o de 1 mg/l a 50 mg/l.
Los organoaluminoxanos pueden prepararse por diversos procedimientos que son bien conocidos en la técnica. Se describen ejemplos de preparaciones de organoaluminoxanos en las Patentes de EE.UU. N.º 3.242.099 y 4.808.561, cada una de las cuales se incorpora por referencia en el presente documento, en su totalidad. Un ejemplo de cómo 40 puede prepararse un aluminoxano es como sigue. El agua que está disuelta en un disolvente orgánico inerte puede hacerse reaccionar con un compuesto de alquilaluminio tal como AlR3 para formar el compuesto de organosiloxano deseado. Aunque no se pretende estar atado por esta afirmación, se cree que este procedimiento de síntesis puede proporcionar una mezcla de especies de aluminoxano (R-Al-O)n tanto lineales como cíclicas, ambas de las cuales están abarcadas por la presente invención. Alternativamente, pueden prepararse organoaluminoxanos haciendo
45 reaccionar un compuesto de alquilaluminio tal como AlR3 con una sal hidratada, tal como sulfato de cobre hidratado, en un disolvente orgánico inerte.
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Como se desvela en el presente documento, se observó que las características de la presión del extrusor y la carga de motor fueron, en general, sustancialmente función de una viscosidad de cizallamiento alta apropiada sola. Para las resinas de la presente invención, se observó que el comportamiento de estrechamiento dependía principalmente de la viscosidad a cizallamiento cero o elasticidad en fusión. Además, se observó que la fracción o componente de alta masa molecular influyó en el comportamiento del estrechamiento. Se advirtió además que el rendimiento del procedimiento de revestimiento por extrusión de estas resinas a temperaturas elevadas podría predecirse razonablemente a partir de datos de reología a temperaturas mucho más bajas, de acuerdo con observaciones publicadas recientemente. Se vio que la reducción (velocidad de línea máxima) dependía débilmente de la viscosidad a cizallamiento bajo, aunque las razones para esto no se comprenden bien. Se observó que la resina PE4517 no cayó en las mismas líneas de tendencia para el comportamiento de estrechamiento y la reducción que las resinas acordes con la presente invención. Aunque no se pretende estar atado por la teoría, esta observación se atribuyó a diferencias tanto en el grado de ramificación de cadena larga como la arquitectura de cadena larga de estas resinas.
Comparación de resinas de catalizadores de metaloceno único y metaloceno dual
El Ejemplo 8 informa los resultados obtenidos a partir de los catalizadores de metaloceno único y las propiedades de las resinas resultantes, que se usan como línea de base comparativa para los catalizadores de metaloceno dual y el control de HP-LDPE disponible en el mercado, marcado como PE4517 (de Chevron Phillips Chemical Co. LP). Como se ve en las Figuras 1-4, todas las reinas producidas por el catalizador único, marcadas SC-1 a SC-5, exhibieron generalmente presiones de extrusor, carga de motor y estrechamiento más altos en comparación con el control de HP-LDPE disponible en el mercado, marcado como PE4517. De esta manera, mientras que SC-1 a SC-3 fueron similares a PE4517 en MI, exhibieron casi dos veces la presión de extrusión y una carga de motor 50% más alta en comparación con la resina PE4517. El estrechamiento de estas resinas fue más alto a 91,44 metros/min (300 pies/min) de velocidad de línea y exhibió ruptura antes de alcanzar las velocidades de línea de 274,32 metros/min (900 pies/min). Las resinas SC-4 y SC-5 fueron más altas en MI en comparación con PE4517y como resultado sus presiones de extrusor y cargas de motor estuvieron más cerca de las del PE4517. Sin embargo, exhibieron un estrechamiento más alto a 91,44 metros/min (300 pies/min). Además, SC-4 también exhibió ruptura antes de alcanzar 274,32 metros/min (900 pies/min), mientras que SC-5 pudo ser estirado a 274,32 metros/min (900 pies/min), como puede verse en la Figura 4. A esta velocidad de línea más alta, sin embargo, tuvo casi tres veces el estrechamiento del PE4517.
El Ejemplo 8 proporciona un análisis detallado de las resinas de los catalizadores SC. En resumen, estos resultados indicaron que estas resinas de catalizador único particulares no proporcionaron el equilibrio óptimo de características de extrusión y estrechamiento que eran comparables a la resina PE4517 como se deseaba.
El Ejemplo 9 y las Tablas 4-6 proporcionan los resultados obtenidos a partir de tres diferentes pares de catalizadores de metaloceno dual y las propiedades de las resinas resultantes y compara los resultados obtenidos con la resina HP-LDPE de control EP4517. Estas resinas de metaloceno dual demuestran, entre otras cosas, el ensanchamiento de la distribución de pesos moleculares y la potenciación de la respuesta al cizallamiento-afinamiento, en comparación con las resinas producidas a partir de los catalizadores de metaloceno único. Las resinas de metaloceno dual, aunque muestran algunas diferencias entre ellas, fueron generalmente mejores en rendimiento global en comparación con las resinas de catalizador único. Por ejemplo, comparando los datos para las resinas de metaloceno dual DC-A-1, DC-B-1 y DC-C-1 con los de las resinas de metaloceno único SC-1, SC-2 y SC-3, que están más cerca en MI entre sí, ilustran estas diferencias. Generalmente las resinas de catalizador de metaloceno dual exhibieron presiones de cabeza del extrusor más bajas, cargas de motor más bajas, estrechamiento más bajo y mejor reducción, como se ve en las Figuras 1-4, respectivamente. El rendimiento de las dos resinas del sistema C, a saber, las resinas DC-C-1 y DC-C-2, fue especialmente digno de atención en comparación con la resina PE4517 de control HP-LDPE. La resina DC-C-1, que es nominalmente del mismo MI que PE4517, exhibe características de presión de extrusor y carga de motor comparables, si no mejores y estrechamiento comparable a 91,44 metros/min (300 pies/min) respecto al PE4517, como se ilustra en la Figura 2. Sin embargo, la resina DC-C-1 no tuvo buena reducción y se rasgó a 182,88 metros/min (600 pies/min) (véase la Tabla 4). La resina DC-C-2, que es más alta en MI (~12 MI) que PE4517, exhibió claramente menor presión de extrusión, carga de motor y estrechamiento bastante comparable tanto a velocidades de línea de 91,44 metros/min (300 pies/min) como de 274,32 metros/min (900 pies/min), en comparación con la resina PE4517.
Propiedades del revestimiento por extrusión
Se realizaron evaluaciones del revestimiento por extrusión para las resinas de la presente invención y se compararon con las de la resina PE4517 de control HP-LDPE y se informan en el Ejemplo 10.
Como se demuestra en las resistencias al desgarro de Elmendorf ilustradas en la Figura 6, las resinas experimentales preparadas según los Ejemplos fueron equivalentes en gran medida o bien mejores en términos de la resistencia al desgarro MD y TD que la resina PE4517. La resistencia al impacto de Spencer en la Figura 7 muestra de manera similar un rendimiento comparable en gran medida de las resinas experimentales con la del PE4517. La adhesión de estallido en la Figura 8 muestra alguna variabilidad, pero de nuevo sin aparente tendencia con la densidad ni el índice de fusión.
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Tabla 4. Comparación del estrechamiento en función de la velocidad de línea y la velocidad de línea máxima.
ID de resina
estrechamiento a 91,44 metros/min (300 pies/min) estrechamiento a 152,4 metros/min (500 pies/min) estrechamiento a 213,36 metros/min (700 pies/min) estrechamiento a 274,32 metros/min (900 pies/min) Velocidad de línea máxima
cm/lado (pulg/lado)
cm/lado (pulg/lado)
cm/lado (pulg/lado)
cm/lado (pulg/lado)
metros/min (pies/min)
* PE4517
6,91 (2,72) 5,71 (2,25) 5,71 (2,25) 5,33 (2,10) 548,64 (1.800)
* SC-1
13,18 (5,19) 13,49 (5,31) - - 152,40 (500)
* SC-2
5,25 (13,33) 13,56 (5,34) 13,67 (5,38) - 213,36 (700)
* SC-3
14,45 (5,69) 14,76 (5,81) 14,93 (5,88) - 213,36 (700)
* SC-4
12,70 (5,00) 12,55 (4,94) - - 350,52 (1.150)
* SC-5
14,22 (5,60) 14,15 (5,57) 15,06 (5,93) 14,30 (5,63) 533,40 (1.750)
* DC-A1
12,70 (5,00) 12,85 (5,06) 12,52 (4,93) 12,29 (4,84) 304,80 (1.000)
DC-A-2
16,33 (6,43) 16,51 (6,50) 15,87 (6,25) 15,72 (6,19) 548,64 (1.800)
* DC-A3
18,74 (7,38) 20,17 (7,94) 19,84 (7,81) 20,32 (8,00) 548,64 (1.800)
DC-B-1
11,12 (4,38) 10,79 (4,25) 10,31 (4,06) 9,88 (3,89) 365,76 (1.200)
* DC-B2
13,49 (5,31) 12,93 (5,09) 11,58 (4,56) 11,43 (4,50) 548,64 (1.800)
* DC-B3
16,36 (6,44) 16,03 (6,31) 15,57 (6,13) 14,60 (5,75) 548,64 (1.800)
* DC-C1
7,11 (2,80) 6,86 (2,70) - - 182,88 (600)
DC-C-2
9,37 (3,69) 8,81 (3,47) 8,58 (3,38) 8.33 (3,28) 304,80 (1.000)
* = ejemplo de referencia
Tabla 5. Datos de peso molecular absoluto por SEC-MALS que muestran el peso molecular medio ponderal (Mw), peso molecular medio numérico (Mn), polidispersidad (Mw/Mn) y peso molecular medio z (Mz).
ID de resina
Mw Mn Mw/Mn Mz
(kg/mol)
(kg/mol) (kg/mol)
* PE4517
286 14 20 2.047
* SC-1
121 16 8 628
* SC-2
108 25 4 505
* SC-3
- - - -
* SC-4
93 16 6 422
* SC-5
90 16 6 391
* DC-A-1
112 16 7 657
44
imagen43

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  1. imagen1
    imagen2
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