ES2586711T3 - Aparatos y métodos para coser sustratos - Google Patents

Aparatos y métodos para coser sustratos Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2586711T3
ES2586711T3 ES13707998.4T ES13707998T ES2586711T3 ES 2586711 T3 ES2586711 T3 ES 2586711T3 ES 13707998 T ES13707998 T ES 13707998T ES 2586711 T3 ES2586711 T3 ES 2586711T3
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Spain
Prior art keywords
fluid
substrate
cylinder
forming cylinder
forming
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Active
Application number
ES13707998.4T
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English (en)
Inventor
Uwe Schneider
Horst Blessing
Hans Adolf Jackels
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Procter and Gamble Co
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    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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    • A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F13/15707—Mechanical treatment, e.g. notching, twisting, compressing, shaping
    • A61F13/15739—Sealing, e.g. involving cutting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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    • A61F13/49—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers, nappies
    • A61F13/49058—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers, nappies characterised by the modular concept of constructing the diaper
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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    • A61F13/49—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers, nappies
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
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    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
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    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/48—Wearing apparel
    • B29L2031/4871—Underwear
    • B29L2031/4878—Diapers, napkins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
    • B32B2309/02—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
    • B32B2309/04—Time
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
    • B32B2309/12—Pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2398/00—Unspecified macromolecular compounds
    • B32B2398/20—Thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2555/00—Personal care
    • B32B2555/02—Diapers or napkins
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1052—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1052—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
    • Y10T156/1054—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing and simultaneously bonding [e.g., cut-seaming]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Un método para formar una costura, comprendiendo el método las etapas de: girar un cilindro conformador (22) alrededor de un eje de rotación, comprendiendo el cilindro conformador (22) orificios (30) de fluido y elementos (24) de aplicación de presión que se extienden radialmente hacia fuera del cilindro conformador (22); girar un cilindro (42) de contacto adyacente al cilindro conformador (22); hacer avanzar una primera parte (11) de sustrato en una dirección (DM) de la máquina sobre el cilindro conformador (22) con una distancia (Y) de separación entre el orificio (30) de fluido y la primera parte (11) de sustrato; hacer avanzar una segunda parte (12) de sustrato en la dirección (DM) de la máquina, en donde la primera parte (11) de sustrato está entre la segunda parte (12) de sustrato y el cilindro conformador (22); calentar un fluido a una temperatura suficiente para fundir, al menos parcialmente, la primera y la segunda parte (11, 12) de sustrato; dirigir un chorro del fluido caliente a través del orificio (30) de fluido y sobre una zona (15) de solapamiento de la primera y segunda parte (11, 12) de sustrato; fundir parcialmente la zona (15) de solapamiento; y comprimir la zona (15) de solapamiento en una línea (40) de contacto entre el elemento (24) de aplicación de presión y el cilindro (42) de contacto, estando el método caracterizado por que los elementos (24) de aplicación de presión incluyen salidas (28) de fluido, incluyendo cada salida de fluido un orificio (30) de fluido y estando la salida (28) de fluido en comunicación de fluidos con una cámara de fluido que proporciona una fuente de fluido presurizado para suministrar el fluido caliente presurizado a la salida (28) de fluido, y estando el método caracterizado además por que la distancia (Y) de separación entre la primera parte (11) de sustrato y el orificio (30) de fluido se mantiene con el elemento (24) de aplicación de presión.

Description

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parcialmente fundida. El elemento 94 de aplicación de presión comprime las partes 11 y 12 de sustrato juntas entre la superficie 106 de aplicación de presión y el bloque de contacto.
En algunas realizaciones es de apreciar que los aparatos para formar costuras con movimiento de traslación de las Figs. 6A, 6B y 7 pueden formar parte íntegra de un aparato de tambor giratorio. Por ejemplo, el tambor puede oscilar de manera que el elemento de aplicación de presión se desplace con respecto a las partes de sustrato. Se puede utilizar un dispositivo de control de posición para mantener los artículos absorbentes dentro de una distancia constante del aparato de tambor giratorio mientras el fluido está calentando la zona de solapamiento. El dispositivo de control de posición puede colocarse de manera que limite el movimiento vertical de las partes de sustrato y hacia y/o desde el orificio de fluido durante la operación de formación de costuras. En algunas realizaciones, el elemento de control de posición puede ser una cinta.
La Fig. 8 muestra un dibujo esquemático y simplificado de otra realización de un aparato 110 para formar costuras giratorio que puede usarse para unir las partes 11, 12 de sustrato para formar la costura 10. El aparato 110 para formar costuras giratorio incluye un cilindro calentador 112 (que se muestra esquemáticamente en sección) con una pluralidad de salidas 114 de fluido dispuestas alrededor de una periferia 116 del cilindro calentador 112. Cada salida 114 de fluido se comunica con una cámara 118 de fluido que proporciona una fuente de fluido presurizado para suministrar fluido presurizado caliente a las salidas 114 de fluido. Se puede proporcionar un dispositivo 120 de calentamiento para calentar el fluido dentro de la cámara 118 de fluido. En algunas realizaciones, unas válvulas pueden controlar la salida del fluido desde la cámara 118 de fluido y dentro de las salidas 114 de fluido.
Haciendo aún referencia a la Fig. 8, el cilindro calentador 112 hace avanzar las partes 11 y 12 de sustrato hacia una línea 122 de contacto formada entre un cilindro 124 de contacto y un cilindro 126 de aplicación de presión. El cilindro 126 de aplicación de presión puede incluir una pluralidad de elemento 128 de aplicación de presión dispuestos alrededor de una periferia 130 del cilindro 126 de aplicación de presión. En otras realizaciones, el cilindro 124 de contacto se puede sustituir por el cilindro 126 de aplicación de presión.
Durante la operación, las partes 11 y 12 de sustrato se hacen avanzar en la dirección DM de la máquina hacia la periferia 116 del cilindro calentador 112 y se desplaza alrededor del cilindro calentador 112 mientras el cilindro calentador 112 gira. Se suministra fluido caliente a las partes 11 y 12 de sustrato a través de la pluralidad de salidas 114 de fluido, fundiendo así, al menos parcialmente, las zonas solapadas de las partes 11 y 12 de sustrato. Debido a que las partes 11 y 12 de sustrato se desplazan con el cilindro calentador 112 giratorio, el calentamiento de las partes 11 y 12 de sustrato se puede facilitar haciendo coincidir la velocidad de desplazamiento de las partes 11 y 12 de sustrato con la velocidad de la superficie del cilindro calentador 112. En algunas realizaciones, las partes 11 y 12 de sustrato también puede desplazarse en un ángulo de contacto predeterminado, como por ejemplo 45 grados o más, alrededor de la periferia 116 del cilindro calentador 112. En algunas realizaciones, se selecciona el ángulo de contacto de manera que permita el calentamiento de las zonas solapadas 15 de las partes 11 y 12 de sustrato durante entre aproximadamente 5 y aproximadamente 2.000 milisegundos, por ejemplo entre aproximadamente 10 y aproximadamente 500 milisegundos, por ejemplo entre aproximadamente 20 y aproximadamente 200 milisegundos.
Una vez calentadas, las partes 11 y 12 de sustrato avanzan a la línea 122 de contacto formada entre el cilindro 124 de contacto giratorio y el cilindro 126 de aplicación de presión giratorio. A medida que los cilindros 124 y 126 giran, las partes 11 y 12 de sustrato se introducen en la línea 122 de contacto y entonces los elementos 128 de aplicación de presión comprimen las zonas 15 de solapamiento al menos parcialmente fundidas, formando así la costura 10 y uniendo las partes 11 y 12 de sustrato juntas.
La Fig. 9 muestra una realización de un aparato 140 para formar costuras de desplazamiento transversal que puede usarse para unir las partes 11, 12 de sustrato para formar la costura 10. El aparato 140 para formar costuras de desplazamiento transversal incluye un bloque conformador 142 con una pluralidad de elementos 144 de aplicación de presión que se extienden hacia fuera desde una cara 146 del bloque conformador 142. Se puede utilizar cualquier número adecuado de elementos 144 de aplicación de presión. Un bloque 150 de contacto se coloca adyacente al bloque conformador 142 que define una abertura 152 entre ambos. En algunas realizaciones, el bloque 150 de contacto se puede conectar al bloque conformador 142 mediante cualquier conexión adecuada que permita que el bloque 150 de contacto y/o el bloque conformador 142 se muevan acercándose y alejándose entre sí. Por ejemplo, se puede proporcionar un actuador, como un actuador neumático o hidráulico, que mueva uno de entre el bloque 150 de contacto y el bloque conformador 142, o los dos, acercándolos y alejándolos entre sí. En algunas realizaciones, el bloque conformador 142 y el bloque 150 de contacto pueden estar soportados por separado y uno o ambos pueden incluir su propio actuador para mover los bloques 142 y 150 conformador y de contacto.
Un bloque calentador 156 (mostrado esquemáticamente en sección) que incluye una pluralidad de salidas 158 de fluido que se muestra en la Fig. 9 está adyacente y separado lateralmente de los bloques 142 y 150 conformador y de contacto. Las salidas 158 de fluido están en comunicación de fluidos con una cámara 160 de fluido que proporciona una fuente de fluido presurizado para suministrar fluido presurizado caliente a la salida 158 de fluido. Se puede proporcionar un dispositivo 162 de calentamiento para calentar el fluido dentro de la cámara 160 de fluido. En algunas realizaciones, una válvula puede controlar la salida del fluido desde la cámara 160 de fluido y dentro de las salidas 158 de fluido.
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Asimismo, el eje lateral 326 puede extenderse a través de un primer borde lateral 328 derecho o longitudinal y a través de un punto intermedio de un segundo borde lateral 330 izquierdo o longitudinal del armazón 302.
Como se muestra en las Figuras 12 y 13, el bragapañal 300 puede incluir una superficie 332 interior orientada hacia el cuerpo y una superficie 334 exterior orientada hacia la prenda de vestir. El armazón 302 puede incluir una lámina 336 de respaldo y una lámina superior 338. El armazón 302 también puede incluir una unidad absorbente 340, que incluye un núcleo absorbente 342 que se puede disponer entre una porción de la lámina superior 338 y la lámina 336 de respaldo. Como se explica con mayor detalle abajo, el pañal 300 también puede incluir otras características, como elásticos para las piernas y/o dobleces vueltos para las piernas para mejorar el ajuste alrededor de las piernas del portador.
Como se muestra en la Figura 13, la periferia del armazón 302 puede estar definida por el primer borde 328 lateral longitudinal y un segundo borde 330 longitudinal lateral; extendiéndose un primer borde final 344 lateralmente, dispuesto en la primera región 316 de cintura; y extendiéndose un segundo borde final 346 lateralmente, dispuesto en la segunda región 318 de cintura. Ambos bordes laterales 328 y 330 se extienden longitudinalmente entre el primer borde final 344 y el segundo borde final 346. Como se muestra en la Figura 13, los bordes finales 344 y 346 que se extienden lateralmente se encuentran longitudinalmente hacia dentro del borde 321 de cintura delantero que se extiende lateralmente en la región 316 de cintura delantera y el borde 322 de cintura trasera que se extiende lateralmente en la región 318 de cintura trasera. Cuando el bragapañal 300 se lleva en el torso inferior de un portador, el borde 321 de cintura delantero y el borde 322 de cintura trasero del armazón 302 pueden rodear una parte de la cintura del portador. Al mismo tiempo, los bordes laterales 328 y 130 del armazón pueden rodear al menos una parte de las piernas del portador. Asimismo, la región 320 de entrepierna puede colocarse generalmente entre las piernas del portador con el núcleo absorbente 342 extendiéndose desde la región 316 de cintura delantera, a través de la región 320 de entrepierna, hasta la región 318 de cintura trasera.
De igual modo debe apreciarse que una parte o la totalidad del pañal 300 también puede hacerse lateralmente extensible. La extensibilidad adicional puede contribuir a permitir que el pañal 300 se adapte al cuerpo de un portador mientras se mueve. La extensibilidad adicional también puede contribuir, por ejemplo, a permitir que el usuario del pañal 300 que incluya un armazón 302 que tenga un tamaño particular antes de la extensión, extienda la región 316 de cintura delantera, la región 318 de cintura trasera, o ambas regiones de cintura del pañal 300 y/o armazón 302, para proporcionar una cobertura adicional a portadores de diferente tamaño, es decir, para ajustar el pañal a la medida de un portador en particular. Esta extensión de la región o las regiones de cintura pueden dar al artículo absorbente una forma general de reloj de arena, siempre que la región de entrepierna se extienda hasta un grado relativamente inferior que la región o las regiones de cintura, y puede transmitir un aspecto al artículo absorbente de confección a medida cuando se lleva puesto.
La primera y la segunda cinturilla elástica 306, 308 también pueden incluir, cada una, un material interpuesto entre la capa exterior 362 y la capa interior 364. El material elástico de la cinturilla puede incluir uno o más elementos elásticos tales como hilos, cintas o paneles que se extiendan a lo largo de las longitudes de las cinturillas elásticas. Como se muestra en las Figuras 13, 15A y 15B, el material elástico de la cinturilla puede incluir una pluralidad de hilos elásticos 368 a los que se puede hacer referencia, en la presente memoria, como elásticos 370 exteriores de cintura y elásticos 372 interiores de cintura. Como se muestra en la Figura 13, los hilos elásticos 368 se extienden lateralmente de forma continua entre la primera y la segunda región 306a, 306b final opuestas de la primera cinturilla elástica 306 y entre la primera y la segunda región 308a, 308b final opuestas de la segunda cinturilla elástica 308. En algunas realizaciones, algunos hilos elásticos 368 pueden configurarse con discontinuidades en algunas zonas, por ejemplo, en el lugar donde la primera y la segunda cinturilla elástica 306, 308 se superponen a la unidad absorbente 340. En algunas realizaciones, los hilos elásticos 368 pueden disponerse en un intervalo constante en la dirección longitudinal. En otras realizaciones, los hilos elásticos 368 pueden disponerse en intervalos diferentes en la dirección longitudinal. El material de cinturilla elástica, en un estado estirado, se puede interponer y unir entre la capa exterior no contraída y la capa interior no contraída. Cuando el material de cinturilla elástica está relajado, el material de cinturilla elástica vuelve a un estado no estirado y contrae la capa exterior y la capa interior. El material de cinturilla elástica puede proporcionar una variación deseada de la fuerza de contracción en la zona de la cinturilla elástica anular.
Es de apreciar que el armazón 302 y las cinturillas elásticas 306, 308 pueden estar configurados de diferentes maneras distintas de las que se representan en la Figura 13. Por ejemplo, la Figura 14 muestra una vista en planta de un bragapañal 300 que tiene los mismos componentes que se han descrito anteriormente con referencia a la Figura 13, excepto que el primer borde 344 final que se extiende lateralmente del armazón 302 se alinea a lo largo del borde 307a lateral exterior de la primera cinturilla elástica 306 y coincidiendo con este, y el segundo borde 346 final que se extiende lateralmente se alinea a lo largo del borde 309a lateral exterior de la segunda cinturilla 308 coincidiendo con este.
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